CN203735173U - Solar greenhouse with heat storage and dehumidification wall and functions of self-heating and convective circulation - Google Patents

Solar greenhouse with heat storage and dehumidification wall and functions of self-heating and convective circulation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203735173U
CN203735173U CN201420043406.3U CN201420043406U CN203735173U CN 203735173 U CN203735173 U CN 203735173U CN 201420043406 U CN201420043406 U CN 201420043406U CN 203735173 U CN203735173 U CN 203735173U
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China
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wall
greenhouse
heat
north
ventilation hole
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CN201420043406.3U
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赵淑梅
程杰宇
王平智
马承伟
王朝栋
邢文鑫
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

Abstract

A solar greenhouse with a heat storage and dehumidification wall and functions of self-heating and convective circulation comprises a north rear wall, a north rear roof (12), gable walls at the two ends and a lighting roof supported by an arch-shaped roof truss (6). The north rear wall is of a hollow composite structure and is composed of an internal wall body (2), an external wall body (4), a wall crown (14) and a hollow part (5), a greenhouse inner portion (10) and the hollow part (5) of the wall are communicated through an upper horizontal vent hole (1) and a lower horizontal vent hole (3) which are respectively arranged in the upper portion and the lower portion of the internal wall body (2) in the length direction of the greenhouse. According to the solar greenhouse, through the natural force function of the air temperature difference and gravity difference in the greenhouse and the hollow part of the wall, air enters the wall for heat exchange, and under the condition of not consuming electric power and other energy, the solar utilization rate of the solar greenhouse and the regulation and control capacity on temperature and humidity in the greenhouse are effectively improved.

Description

Self-heating convection circulation accumulation of heat dehumidifying body of wall greenhouse by solar heat
Technical field
The utility model relates to agricultural planting facility, particularly the greenhouse by solar heat of a kind of novel wall body structure and air current composition mode.
Background technology
Greenhouse by solar heat is as the main flow facility of industrialized agriculture, and its popularization scale is expanding gradually, in a large number for the production of surviving the winter of the vegetables in the northern area of China winter.The height of sunlight indoor temperature will directly affect the yield and quality of facility production with humidity conditions.At present, behind general greenhouse by solar heat north, wall great majority adopt heap rammed earth, clay brick to build the modes such as solid wall by laying bricks or stones.When these greenhouse by solar heats are used in the winter time, utilize body of wall and ground to accumulate by day solar heat, heat release at night, and the good heat insulating ability at body of wall and roofing night, temperature certain in greenhouse at night maintained.But because brick or the earth materials thermal conductivity of its construction wall are poor, body of wall effectively performance is accumulated material layer thickness with release heat effect and is only limited within the walls side top layer with 20 interior~30cm.Although the thick 50~300cm that reaches of most bodies of wall, its material that is positioned at deep layer fails effectively to bring into play the effect of accumulation of heat and heat release, and the holding of body of wall, heat release ability are subject to larger restriction.Can not absorb more daytime and accumulate solar thermal energy more than needed in greenhouse, needing the measure by ventilating, getting rid of indoor unnecessary solar heat and steam, reducing indoor air temperature and humidity.And night, body of wall thermal discharge was not enough, still there is the too low situation of nighttime temperature in more greenhouse by solar heat therefore.The situation of the heat on the daytime shortage of heat with night more than needed is also deposited.
Therefore, more domestic researchers attempt to adopt some measure to strengthen the holding of solar greenhouse wall body, heat release ability.For example Xibei Univ. of Agricultural & Forest Science & Technology proposes a kind of husky, native wall body structure of filling in sandwich wall that adopts, bury therein ventilating duct underground, and adopt axial flow blower that room air is therefrom flowed, heat is stored to (patent of invention, application number: 201210096154.6) in the sand, soil of air channel periphery.But this scheme need arrange axial flow blower, need to consume electric energy, meanwhile, its ventilation is little, tube circumference heat transfer area is too small, can pass to the heat that sandy soil accumulate limited, in addition, though this scheme has increased the sandy soil that have accumulation of heat effect, external wall body is positioned at outside heat-insulation layer, can not bring into play the effect of accumulation of heat.
Therefore, the utility model is for the problems referred to above, adopt the mode of gravity-flow ventilation that room air is introduced to body of wall inside, in the situation that avoiding electric power equal energy source to consume, sun thermal energy storage more than needed is arrived to body of wall depths, simultaneously, adopt suitable wall structure layout, make body of wall overwhelming majority material all can effectively bring into play accumulation of heat effect, and rely on surface of wall to contact with the large area of air, the heat exchange effect of strengthening air and surface of wall, realizes the object of solar thermal energy for heating night of more effectively being had more than needed daytime.
Utility model content
For the power consumption equal energy source not in the situation that, make solar greenhouse wall body more effectively accumulate heat energy more than needed for heating night in daytime, the utility model adopts the structure of hollow wall, utilize in greenhouse with body of wall in difference in air temperature and the natural force effect of gravitational difference, room air is introduced to body of wall hollow part, sun thermal energy storage more than needed is arrived to body of wall depths, and utilize the large area contact heat-exchanging of air and body of wall, and in making, the outside materials for wall even roofing at top is brought into play accumulation of heat comprehensively, the effect of heat release, reach and more effectively store solar thermal energy, increase the object of its heat release at night ability, improve greenhouse by solar heat nocturnal temperature.Greenhouse by solar heat of the present utility model, in body of wall accumulation of heat, can also make the condensation of airborne part steam and discharge, reduces the humidity of air, and the condensed water of discharging from air is collected for irrigating.Greenhouse by solar heat construction cost of the present utility model and traditional greenhouse by solar heat are substantially suitable.
The self-heating convection circulation accumulation of heat dehumidifying body of wall greenhouse by solar heat adopting in order to reach the purpose of this utility model, comprise: the lighting roof that behind Bei Houqiang, north, the gable at roofing 12, two ends and arched roof truss 6 support, and the outer insulation covering 11 on lighting roof.Gable and lighting roof by roofing 12, two ends behind Bei Houqiang, north surround inside greenhouse 10.Behind described north, the body of wall of wall is hollow composite construction, by the hollow space 5 between inner side body of wall 2, outside body of wall 4, wall top 14 and inner side body of wall 2 and outside body of wall 4, formed, top and the bottom of inner side body of wall 2, be respectively arranged with top ventilation hole 1 and bottom ventilation hole 3.In external wall body 4 outsides, paste and hang heat-insulation layer 7, roofing 12 outer surface of upper covering and heat insulating layers 13 behind north.Body of wall bottom is provided with collects subsurface collecting basin 8 in the collecting ditch 9 of condensed water and greenhouse.
The inner side body of wall 2 of wall behind above-mentioned north, in whole greenhouse length range, along continuous straight runs is provided with top ventilation hole 1 and bottom ventilation hole 3, be communicated with hollow space 5 and inside greenhouse 10, the annular air around inner side body of wall 2 being jointly formed in greenhouse vertical cross-section circulates path, utilizes the hollow space 5 of the rear wall in north and the natural force of the air themperature in inside greenhouse 10 and gravity difference to form the air-flow circulating.The discrepancy in elevation between top ventilation hole 1 and bottom ventilation hole 3 is not less than 2m, to guarantee the required enough atural beat pressure differentials of Air Flow.The hollow space 5 of wall behind above-mentioned north, adopts the enough width that are not less than 500mm, to increase Air Flow sectional area, reduces mobile resistance.
Behind above-mentioned greenhouse by solar heat north, wall adopts the structure of entire body hollow and outside insulation.The structure of body of wall hollow makes the metope contacting with air by simultaneously increasing to three, and hollow space 5 reaches body of wall top from wall bottom, make inner side body of wall 2, outside body of wall 4 have enough large contact heat-exchanging surface with the air in hollow space 5, heat exchange area increases greatly; Outside body of wall 4 outer surfaces arrange heat-insulation layer 7, the heat-insulation layer 13 arranging with 12 tops of roofing behind north is connected mutually, formation to north after the heat-insulation layer of roofing top continuous whole behind wall outside and north, make the material in roofing 12 behind inner side body of wall 2, outside body of wall 4 and north all can participate in accumulation of heat and heat release.
The inner surface bottom of above-mentioned outside body of wall 4, be provided with the collecting ditch 9 of collecting condensed water, in flooring to be arranged with the collecting basin 8 being connected with collecting ditch, for collecting indoor air stream when body of wall hollow part by day, the condensed water producing at the inner surface of external wall body, condensed water collected in collecting basin 8 can be for irrigating.
The utlity model has following advantage:
1. utilize the structure of body of wall hollow, indoor air flow is introduced to body of wall inside, increased the material quantity that effectively participates in body of wall accumulating with release heat, body of wall hollow space air and body of wall contact heat-exchanging area be large, body of wall accumulation of heat and heat release ability are enhanced, and solar energy utilization ratio improves.
2. utilize temperature and the gravity difference of air in inside greenhouse and body of wall hollow part, produce the natural flow circulation of air, do not use electric power or fossil energy, environmental protection and energy saving.Hollow space Air Flow cross section is large, and resistance is little, and air mass flow is large, abundant with body of wall heat exchange.
3. the complete continuous heat-insulation layer in wall outer side and roofing top can effectively guarantee that the heat in body of wall accumulates, and reduces outside thermal loss.
When 4. daytime, heat exchange was carried out on room air and body of wall hollow space surface, due to the condensation of the cooling generating portion moisture of air, can significantly reduce the humidity of air, condensed water can be collected for irrigating simultaneously, reduces greenhouse irrigation water.
5. greenhouse by solar heat of the present utility model, can significantly improve indoor temperature at night, reduces indoor relative humidity, is conducive to plant growth, reduces the generation of disease, improves the quality of product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the greenhouse cutaway view during according to daytime of the present utility model accumulation of heat, air-flow situation during reflection accumulation of heat on daytime, and the outer insulation covering on roofing is the situation of rolling;
Fig. 2 is the greenhouse cutaway view when night of the present utility model, heat release was heated, the air-flow situation of reflection when night, heat release was heated, and the outer insulation covering on roofing is to put down the situation of bedding on roofing.
In figure:
1---top ventilation hole 2---inner side body of wall
3---bottom ventilation hole 4---outside body of wall
5---body of wall hollow space 6---arched roof truss
7---wall outer side heat-insulation layer 8---collecting basin
9---collecting ditch 10---inside greenhouse
Roofing behind 11---roofing is incubated covering 12 outward---north
Wall top behind 13---body of wall top heat-insulation layer 14---north
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, effect, specific works mode and the process of each component part of self-heating convection circulation accumulation of heat dehumidifying body of wall greenhouse by solar heat of the present utility model are described further.
Fig. 1 is greenhouse cross section, air-flow situation during reflection accumulation of heat on daytime.Fig. 2 is greenhouse cross section, reflects air-flow situation when night, heat release was heated.
As seen from the figure, this type greenhouse by solar heat of the present utility model comprises the gable (not shown) at Bei Houqiang, the rear roofing 12 in north, two ends and the lighting roof that arched roof truss 6 supports, and the outer insulation covering 11 on lighting roof.Gable and lighting roof by roofing 12, two ends behind Bei Houqiang, north surround inside greenhouse 10.Behind described north, the body of wall of wall is hollow composite construction, inner side body of wall 2, outside body of wall 4, wall top 14 and hollow space 5, consists of, and the top of inner side body of wall 2 and bottom, be respectively arranged with top ventilation hole 1 and bottom ventilation hole 3.In external wall body 4 outsides, paste and hang heat-insulation layer 7, roofing 12 outer surface of upper covering and heat insulating layers 13 behind north.Body of wall bottom is provided with collects subsurface collecting basin 8 in the collecting ditch 9 of condensed water and greenhouse.
The inner side body of wall 2 of wall behind north, is provided with top ventilation hole 1 and bottom ventilation hole 3 in the horizontal direction along greenhouse total length, is communicated with hollow space 5 and inside greenhouse 10, and the annular air being formed in greenhouse vertical cross-section circulates path.The discrepancy in elevation between top ventilation hole 1 and bottom ventilation hole 3 is not less than 2m, to guarantee the required enough atural beat pressure differentials of Air Flow.Hollow space 5 adopts the enough width that are not less than 500mm, to increase Air Flow sectional area, reduces mobile resistance.
Behind north, wall adopts the heat-insulation layer structure of entire body hollow and outside continuous whole, makes hollow space metope and air have enough large contact heat-exchanging surface, and the material behind inner side body of wall 2, outside body of wall 4 and north in roofing 12 all can effectively participate in accumulation of heat and heat release.
The inner surface bottom of outside body of wall 4 is provided with the collecting ditch 9 of collecting condensed water, in flooring to be arranged with the collecting basin 8 being connected with collecting ditch, for collecting indoor air stream when body of wall hollow part by day, the condensed water producing at the inner surface of external wall body, condensed water collected in collecting basin 8 can be for irrigating.
The course of work of this type greenhouse by solar heat of the present utility model:
Accumulation of heat on daytime and dehumidifying
As shown in Figure 1, the outer covering 11 on daytime roofing is rolled, along with solar radiation enters inside greenhouse 10, indoor air temperature raises, and the adjacent metope temperature of body of wall hollow space 5 with air themperature wherein all lower than inside greenhouse temperature, under gravitational difference effect, air will produce free convection.The cold air of hollow space 5 sinks, the hot air rising of inside greenhouse 10, and enter Bei Houqiang hollow space 5 by upper air vent 1, carry out heat exchange with inner side body of wall 2 outer surfaces and outside body of wall 4 inner surfaces of lower temperature, in body of wall, accumulate heat, air themperature reduces, produce condensation vapor simultaneously, condensate water is pooled to collecting ditch 9, enters collecting basin 8, for irrigating.At hollow space 5, the cold air after temperature and moisture content reduce moves downward, and turns back in greenhouse, so constantly circulation from leg space ventilation hole 3.
Owing to thering is the enough large discrepancy in elevation between top ventilation hole 1 and bottom ventilation hole 3, can guarantee that Air Flow has enough atural beat pressure differentials, behind north, the hollow space 5 Air Flow sectional areas of wall are enough large simultaneously, mobile resistance is little, therefore, the air circulating has sufficient flow, guarantee that air has that enough heats carry and with the exchange capability of heat of metope.
Through daytime indoor air circulation flow through body of wall hollow space, with inner side body of wall 2 outer surfaces and the 4 inner surface heat exchange of outside body of wall with to accumulation of heat in body of wall, after to afternoon, heat-accumulating process finishes, inner side body of wall 2 raises with the temperature in outside body of wall 4, has accumulated more heat.Compare with the solid wall of common greenhouse by solar heat, this greenhouse wall body is owing to having increased the heat transfer sheet area of hollow space 5 both sides bodies of wall, increased the inner side body of wall adjacent with this two surface and the accumulation of heat effect of outside materials for wall and wall topping material, so amount of stored heat increases greatly.
Night, heat release was heated
Night, inside greenhouse 10 temperature reduced, and the wall surface temperature that body of wall hollow space 5 is adjacent and air themperature are wherein all higher than indoor air temperature, and under gravitational difference effect, air will produce and rightabout free convection on daytime.As shown in Figure 2, air in body of wall hollow space 5 rises, the air of inside greenhouse 10 lower temperatures sinks, and enter body of wall hollow space 5 from bottom ventilation hole 3, carry out heat exchange with the body of wall wall of higher temperature, after temperature rises, by overdraught hole 1, enter in greenhouse, will be accumulated in thermal release in body of wall daytime in greenhouse.So constantly circulation.
Equally, owing to thering is the enough discrepancy in elevation between top ventilation hole 1 and bottom ventilation hole 3, can guarantee that Air Flow has enough atural beat pressure differentials, behind north, the hollow space 5 Air Flow sectional areas of wall are enough large, mobile resistance is little, therefore, the air circulating has sufficient flow, guarantee that air has that enough heats carry and with the exchange capability of heat of metope.
Through the indoor air circulation body of wall hollow space of flowing through at night, the heat of accumulating in body of wall constantly adds in room air, makes can maintain higher air themperature in greenhouse.Compare with the solid wall of common greenhouse by solar heat, this greenhouse wall body is owing to having increased the heat transfer sheet area of hollow space 5 both sides metopes, the inner side body of wall adjacent with this two surface and the accumulation of heat effect of outside materials for wall and wall topping material have been increased, simultaneously, because bulk temperature in body of wall improves than common greenhouse, from north, the free convection exothermic effects of the former inner surface of side wall body also strengthens within the walls.Two aspect effects are superimposed, and the thermal discharge at body of wall night is increased greatly than common solar greenhouse wall body.
After body of wall heat release at night, temperature reduces, and gives again the rear action space that leaves body of wall accumulation of heat on the 1st.
Above-mentioned example is only for illustrating the utility model; wherein in system, the quantity of the structure of each parts, teaming method, the method for operation, each unit and size and flow process etc. all can change to some extent; every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solutions of the utility model and improvement, all should be within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. self-heating convection circulation accumulation of heat dehumidifying body of wall greenhouse by solar heat, comprise Bei Houqiang, the rear roofing (12) in north, the gable at two ends and the lighting roof that arched roof truss (6) supports, the outer insulation covering (11) on lighting roof, and surround inside greenhouse (10) by gable and the lighting roof at roofing (12), two ends behind Bei Houqiang, north, it is characterized in that:
Behind described north, the body of wall of wall is hollow composite construction, by the hollow space (5) between inner side body of wall (2), outside body of wall (4), wall top (14) and inner side body of wall (2) and outside body of wall (4), formed, top and the bottom of inner side body of wall (2), in whole greenhouse length range, along continuous straight runs is respectively arranged with top ventilation hole (1) and bottom ventilation hole (3); In external wall body (4) outside, paste and hang heat-insulation layer (7), roofing behind north (12) outer surface of upper covering and heat insulating layer (13).
2. greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described top ventilation hole (1) and bottom ventilation hole (3), be communicated with hollow space (5) and inside greenhouse (10), the annular air around inner side body of wall (2) being jointly formed in greenhouse vertical cross-section circulates path.
3. greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the discrepancy in elevation between described top ventilation hole 1 and bottom ventilation hole 3 is not less than 2 meters, and behind above-mentioned north, the width of the hollow space of wall (5) is not less than 500 millimeters.
4. greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described body of wall bottom is provided with the collecting ditch (9) of collecting condensed water, and inside greenhouse (10) subsurface is provided with collecting basin (8).
CN201420043406.3U 2014-01-23 2014-01-23 Solar greenhouse with heat storage and dehumidification wall and functions of self-heating and convective circulation Expired - Fee Related CN203735173U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103766163A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-07 中国农业大学 Natural convection circulating heat storage dehumidifying wall body sunlight greenhouse
CN104885817A (en) * 2015-06-04 2015-09-09 中国农业大学 Rear wall structure of greenhouse
CN112946020A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-06-11 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 Sunlight greenhouse thermal insulation performance test system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103766163A (en) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-07 中国农业大学 Natural convection circulating heat storage dehumidifying wall body sunlight greenhouse
CN103766163B (en) * 2014-01-23 2016-01-13 中国农业大学 Self-heating convection circulation accumulation of heat dehumidifying wall solar greenhouse
CN104885817A (en) * 2015-06-04 2015-09-09 中国农业大学 Rear wall structure of greenhouse
CN112946020A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-06-11 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 Sunlight greenhouse thermal insulation performance test system

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Granted publication date: 20140730

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