CN203722212U - Storage battery protective system for small-sized wind and light complementary power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a storage battery protective system for a small-sized wind and light complementary power generation device, wherein the system is capable of displaying the voltage of a storage battery in real time, disconnecting a charging loop when overcharge occurs, and disconnecting a load loop when undercharge occurs. The voltage of the storage battery is sampled via A/D conversion, a conversion result is calculated by a single-chip microcomputer and then output to a six-digit LED display for display, and at the same time, the single-chip microcomputer compares the sampled voltage with a pre-control voltage range to determine the charge and discharge state of the storage battery. If the present voltage of the storage battery is lower than a preset minimum Vmin, it is shown that the storage battery is in an over-discharge state, and the single-chip microcomputer outputs a signal to disconnect the load loop; and if the current voltage of the storage battery is greater than a preset maximum Vmax, it is shown that the storage battery is in an overcharge state, and the single-chip microcomputer outputs a signal to disconnect the charging loop. In addition, to verify whether a relay generates an accurate motion according to instruction of the single-chip microcomputer, a motion signal of the relay is collected and back fed after the motion signal is output; if the relay is not disconnected according to the instruction, the motion signal is queried continuously for ten times; and then if the relay still has fault, the charging loop and a discharge loop are simultaneously disconnected, and a buzzing alarm is emitted.

Description

Battery protection system for small wind-solar hybrid power generation device

technical field

The utility model relates to a protection system for a storage battery in a small wind-solar hybrid power generation device, which can realize the protection function when the storage battery in the wind-solar hybrid power generation device is overcharged or undercharged. the

Background technique

Solar energy and wind energy are the most common and inexhaustible renewable energy sources in nature. The small-scale wind-solar hybrid power generation device is a new type of power source that generates power from solar cells and wind generators, stores energy in batteries, and supplies power to loads. It makes good use of the resource complementarity of wind energy and solar energy, overcomes the random and intermittent shortcomings of wind energy and solar energy when they provide energy alone to a certain extent, and can realize long-term power supply. the

However, solar energy and wind energy resources have obvious time differences and uncertainties. Therefore, after wind and solar hybrid power generation, the battery must store electric energy to provide stable power to the load. However, due to the instability of the system's power generation, the battery is often under power or overcharged. The long-term operation will reduce the service life of the battery and increase the maintenance cost of the system. the

Utility model content

In order to realize the protection of the battery in the small wind power generation device, the utility model provides an overcharge and overdischarge protection system based on a single-chip microcomputer, which can realize real-time display of the current battery voltage, cut off the charging circuit when overcharging, Cut off the discharge circuit and other functions. the

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: the battery voltage is sampled through A/D conversion, and the conversion result is output to a six-digit LED display after being calculated by a single-chip computer. Make a comparison to judge the profit and loss status of the battery. If the current battery voltage is less than the preset minimum value V _min , it means that the current battery is in a power deficit state, and the single-chip microcomputer outputs a signal to disconnect the load circuit; if the current battery voltage is greater than the preset maximum value The value V _max indicates that the battery is currently in an overcharged state, and the single-chip microcomputer outputs a signal to disconnect the charging circuit. In addition, in order to verify whether the relay operates accurately according to the instructions of the single-chip microcomputer, the operation signal of the relay is collected and fed back after outputting the operation signal of the relay. Cut off the charging and discharging circuit, and give a buzzer alarm.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that it can realize the overcharge or power loss protection of the accumulator in the small wind-solar hybrid power generation device, prolong the service life of the accumulator, and reduce the maintenance cost of the system. the

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment example the utility model is further described. the

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the utility model. the

Figure 2 is a relay control circuit diagram. the

Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of relay action feedback. the

In Figure 1, 1. Charging circuit relay normally closed contact, 2. Fault relay normally closed contact 1, 3. Battery charging terminal, 4. Battery output terminal, 5. Load circuit relay normally closed contact, 6. Fault relay normally closed contact Closing contact 2, 7. Load output. the

In Figure 2, 1. Ground terminal, 2. Resistor 1, 3. Resistor 2, 4. Control optocoupler, 5. Optocoupler transistor 1, 6. Optocoupler light-emitting diode 1, 7. Resistor 3, 8. Control signal terminal, 9.5V power supply terminal 1, 10.5V power supply terminal 2, 11. Current storage diode, 12.5V power supply terminal 3, 13. Relay coil, 14. Power amplifier transistor. the

In Figure 3, 1. Ground terminal, 2. Feedback optocoupler, 3. Optocoupler transistor 2, 4. Optocoupler light emitting diode 2, 5. Relay normally open contact, 6. Diode, 7. Resistor 4, 8.5V power supply terminal , 9. Resistor 5, 10. Relay feedback signal output. the

Detailed ways

In this system, there are 3 sets of relay control circuits shown in Figure 2 and 3 sets of relay action feedback circuits shown in Figure 3, respectively corresponding to the control and action feedback of the load circuit relay, the control and action feedback of the charging circuit relay, and the fault relay. Control and Motion Feedback. the

As shown in Figure 1, the alternating current output by the wind power generation device becomes direct current after rectification, and merges with the direct current output by the solar panel, and passes through the normally closed contact of the charging circuit relay (1. in Figure 1), the normally closed contact 1 of the fault relay ( 2.) in Figure 1 is connected to the battery charging terminal (3. in Figure 1) to charge the battery. The battery output terminal (4. in Figure 1) outputs a voltage load after passing through the normally closed contact of the load circuit relay (5. in Figure 1) and the normally closed contact 2 of the fault relay (6. in Figure 1). At the same time, after the output voltage passes through the voltage acquisition circuit, it is converted into a digital signal by the AD converter and sent to the single-chip microcomputer. If the voltage is less than the preset minimum value V _min , it means that the current battery is in a state of power loss, and the microcontroller outputs a low level to the control signal terminal (8. in Figure 2) in the load loop relay control circuit. In the load loop relay control circuit, The optocoupler light-emitting diode 1 (6. in Figure 2) conducts and emits light, and the optocoupler triode 1 (5. in Figure 2) receives the light signal and conducts, and the 5V power supply terminal 2 (10. in Figure 2), light Coupling transistor 1 (5. in Figure 2), resistor 2 (3. in Figure 2), resistor 1 (2. in Figure 2), and ground terminal (1. in Figure 2) form a current loop, and resistor 1 (in Figure 2 2.) The divided voltage makes the power amplifying transistor (14. in Figure 2) conduct, the load circuit relay coil (13. in Figure 1) is energized, and the normally closed contact of the load circuit relay (5 in Figure 1) is disconnected , the battery stops charging the load; if the current battery voltage is greater than the preset maximum value V _max , indicating that the current battery is in an overcharged state, the microcontroller outputs a low level to the control signal terminal in the charging circuit relay control circuit (8. ), in the charging circuit relay control circuit, the optocoupler light-emitting diode 1 (6. in Figure 2) conducts and emits light, and the optocoupler triode 1 (5. in Figure 2) receives the light signal and conducts, and is powered by the 5V power supply terminal 2 (10. in Figure 2), optocoupler transistor 1 (5. in Figure 2), resistor 2 (3. in Figure 2), resistor 1 (2. in Figure 2), ground terminal (1. in Figure 2) A current loop is formed, and the voltage obtained by resistor 1 (2. in Figure 2) makes the power amplifying transistor (14. in Figure 2) conduct, and the charging circuit relay coil (13. in Figure 1) is energized, and the charging circuit relay is normally closed The contact (1 in Figure 1) is disconnected, stopping charging the battery.

After the single-chip microcomputer outputs a low level to the relay control signal terminal, the corresponding normally open contact of the relay (5. in Figure 3) should be closed, the optocoupler light-emitting diode 2 (4. in Figure 3) turns on and emits light, and the optocoupler transistor 2 (3. in Figure 3) is turned on, then the relay feedback signal output terminal (10. in Figure 3) outputs a low level, and the single-chip microcomputer collects this signal, if it is low level, it is determined that the relay has completed the action according to the command, if it is high level, it will collect again. After 10 consecutive collections, if it is still high level, it will be judged that the relay control circuit is faulty, and output a low level to the faulty relay control circuit to energize the coil of the faulty relay. Point 1 (2. and 6. in Figure 1) is disconnected, and the charging and discharging circuit is cut off at the same time, and a buzzer alarm is issued. the

The technologies related to LED display control, buzzer output control, and battery voltage acquisition circuit are very mature, and those skilled in the art can select and combine them according to needs without having to pay creative labor. Therefore, its specific circuit and working principle will not be described in detail. the

Claims (3)

1. a small-sized wind-light complementing power generation device battery protection system, is comprised of single-chip microcomputer, battery tension acquisition module, charge circuit control relay circuit, charge circuit actuating of relay feedback circuit, load circuit control relay circuit, load circuit actuating of relay feedback circuit, power transfer relay control circuit, power transfer relay motional feedback circuit, light-emitting diode display, buzzer warning seven parts.

2. charge circuit control relay circuit according to claim 1, load circuit control relay circuit and power transfer relay control circuit, it is characterized in that single-chip microcomputer outputs signal to the negative pole of controlling optocoupler light-emitting diode, connect+5V of light-emitting diode positive pole power supply; Optocoupler triode is NPN type, connect+5V of its collector electrode power supply, and emitter is ground connection after two divider resistance R1 and R2; The voltage that R2 assigns to connects power amplification transistor base, and power amplification triode is NPN type, and its grounded emitter is connected with+5V power supply after collector connecting relay coil.

3. charge circuit actuating of relay feedback circuit according to claim 1, load circuit actuating of relay feedback circuit and power transfer relay motional feedback circuit, it is characterized in that relay normally open contact connects optocoupler light-emitting diode negative pole, optocoupler triode is NPN type, its grounded emitter, connect after a resistance+5V of collector electrode power supply, collector electrode is succeeded electrical equipment feedback signal output simultaneously.