CN203674941U - Permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN203674941U CN203674941U CN201320877641.6U CN201320877641U CN203674941U CN 203674941 U CN203674941 U CN 203674941U CN 201320877641 U CN201320877641 U CN 201320877641U CN 203674941 U CN203674941 U CN 203674941U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a permanent magnet motor, comprising a stator and a rotor. The rotor comprises a rotor core and permanent magnets. Each magnetic pole of the rotor core is uniformly provided with a plurality of layers of permanent magnet slots in the radial direction of the rotor, a q-axis magnetic path is formed between two adjacent layers of permanent magnet slots, and the permanent magnets are arranged in the permanent magnet slots. Two adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor are a first magnetic pole and a second magnetic pole respectively, and the polarity of the first magnetic pole is opposite to the polarity of the second magnetic pole. An external end part of one permanent magnet of the first magnetic pole is a first external end part far from one end of the q axis, and an external end part of one permanent magnet of the second magnetic pole is a second external end part far from one end of the q axis. An included angle of the first external end part and the second external end part relative to the center of circle of the rotor is smaller than an electrical angle of 80 DEG, wherein the number of stator slots is N, the number of rotor pole pairs is P, the phase number of windings is m, and the number of slots per pole per phase N/2p/m is an integer. The permanent magnet motor is much smaller in torque ripple compared with the conventional structure.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to machine field, relates in particular to a kind of magneto.
Background technology
Permanent magnet is placed on the magneto (IPM) of internal rotor, its synthetic electromagnetic torque has comprised permanent-magnet torque and reluctance torque, permanent-magnet torque is that rotor permanent magnet magnetic field and stator field effect produce, reluctance torque is produced by the rotor core effect that stator field and cross, straight direction inductance there are differences, compare the motor (SPM) that permanent magnet is placed on rotor core surface, therefore increase just the utilization of reluctance torque, made ipm motor more easily realize the high efficiency of motor.
Rotor adopts the permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor of multilayer magnet structure to compare ipm motor and has further strengthened the cross, straight axle inductance of motor difference, significantly promotes the utilization of reluctance torque, has realized the high efficiency of motor, and has greatly reduced the cost of motor.For example ZL201210056204.8 discloses a kind of rotor structure can lifting motor reluctance torque utilizing.
But the raising utilizing along with motor reluctance torque is found in research, the increasing of reluctance torque proportion in synthetic electromagnetic torque, can make the increase of motor torque ripple, vibration and the noise problem of motor will be caused like this, particularly run up in order to realize at motor, when a little less than need to carrying out, magnetic control is processed, reluctance torque accounting can be larger, and this problem can be more obvious.
U.S. Pat 20100079026 discloses the magneto that every pair of utmost point groove number of a kind of stator is odd number, and by regulating rotor permanent magnet angle to distribute to improve rotor permanent magnet Distribution of Magnetic Field, reduce harmonic content, reduce eddy current loss and torque pulsation, its improvement be mainly rotor permanent magnet Distribution of Magnetic Field, helpful for the pulsation of permanent-magnet torque, but for the inhibition of reluctance torque pulsation be do not have effective, and because every pair of utmost point groove number of stator is odd number, in fact being equivalent to the every extremely every phase groove number of stator (number of stator slots/number of pole-pairs/winding number of phases/2) is mark, now there are some researches show the motor that motor that the every extremely every phase groove number of stator is mark is integer than every extremely every phase groove number, its stator field has more harmonic content, therefore be more unfavorable for the reduction of reluctance torque pulsation.
Rotor adopts the permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor of multilayer magnet structure handing over owing to can increasing motor, straight axial inductance difference, making motor compare individual layer magnet structure in reluctance torque utilization is greatly improved, make motor realize larger output torque and the efficiency of Geng Gao, but along with reluctance torque is in the improve of whole electromagnetic torque ratio, also can produce some problems, this is mainly because reluctance torque is easily subject to determine, rotor relative position changes and generation pulsation, this can make the pulsation of motor electromagnetic torque also increase, thereby cause motor to occur vibration, the problem that noise strengthens.
The number of plies that increases motor stator slot number and rotor permanent magnet in order to reduce the conventional method of torque pulsation of permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor in the prior art, but this can make the manufacturability of motor become complicated, and the amplitude that torque pulsation is reduced is also limited.As shown in Figure 1, permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor is made up of stator 1 and rotor 4, wherein stator at least comprises stator core 2 and the stator winding 3 be made up of permeability magnetic material, and rotor 4 at least comprises a rotor pole to be had the rotor core 5 of multiple permanent magnet trough 6a, 6b and be placed on permanent magnet 7a, the 7b in permanent magnet trough.
Utility model content
In view of the present situation of prior art, research finds that stator field is always in the front side that is positioned at direction of rotation of rotor field in motor bringing onto load rotary course, as shown in Figure 2, and stator field is to concentrate in certain angular range mostly, rotor magnetic line need to enter stator by being positioned at the adjacent magnetic conduction channel end of the outer section of permanent magnet trough, is connected with the stator magnet line of force.The variation of rotor magnetic conduction passage relative stator tooth position when motor rotation, can make the magnetic resistance of magnetic line of force track route change, the pulsation of torque will be produced, in the time that rotor permanent magnet groove end blocks magnetic line of force track route, the instantaneous torque of motor is less than average electromagnetic torque, and the time of blocking is longer, the minimum peak torque of generation is less, and the torque pulsation of motor is larger.
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of magneto, and the torque pulsation of motor is compared existing structure and significantly declined.For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of magneto, comprise stator and rotor, described stator comprises stator core and winding, described rotor comprises rotor core and permanent magnet, at described rotor in the radial direction, on each magnetic pole of described rotor core, be provided with multilayer arc-shaped permanent magnet groove, form a q axle magnetic circuit between adjacent two-layer described permanent magnet trough, described permanent magnet is arranged in permanent magnet trough;
Two adjacent magnetic poles of described rotor are respectively the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, described the first magnetic pole is contrary with the second pole polarity, the outer end of a described permanent magnet in described the first magnetic pole is the first outer end in the one end away from q axle, the outer end of a described permanent magnet in described the second magnetic pole is the second outer end in the one end away from q axle, described the first outer end is less than 80 degree electric angles with the included angle A in the second relative described rotor center of circle, outer end, wherein number of stator slots is N, rotor pole logarithm is P, the winding number of phases is m, it is integer that every extremely every groove is counted N/2P/m.
More preferably, at described rotor in the radial direction, on each magnetic pole of described rotor core, all establish two-layer arc-shaped permanent magnet groove, the outer end of the described permanent magnet of skin in described the first magnetic pole is the first outer end in the one end away from q axle, and the outer end of the described permanent magnet of skin in described the second magnetic pole is the second outer end in the one end away from q axle.
Further, described in internal layer in described the first magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the 3rd outer end in the one end away from q axle, described in internal layer in described the second magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the end all round in the one end away from q axle, described the 3rd outer end with all round the included angle B in the relative described rotor in the end center of circle be less than the interior angle C in the relatively described rotor of the two stator teeths center of circle of the stator tooth in interval.
More preferably, at described rotor in the radial direction, on each magnetic pole of described rotor core, be provided with three layers of arc-shaped permanent magnet groove, described in intermediate layer in described the first magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the first outer end in the one end away from q axle, and the outer end of permanent magnet is the second outer end in the one end away from q axle described in the intermediate layer in described the second magnetic pole.
Further, described in innermost layer in described the first magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the 5th outer end in the one end away from q axle, described in innermost layer in described the second magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the 6th outer end in the one end away from q axle, and described the 5th outer end and the included angle B in the 6th relative described rotor center of circle, outer end are less than the interior angle C in the relatively described rotor of the two stator teeths center of circle of the stator tooth in interval.
More preferably, motor stator slot number is N, and rotor pole logarithm is P, and the every extremely every phase groove of motor is counted N/2P/m and equaled 2, described included angle A be less than the described stator in interval stator tooth two described in the interior angle D in the relatively described rotor of the stator teeth center of circle.
More preferably, the filling proportion of described permanent magnet in described permanent magnet trough is greater than 85%.
More preferably, between adjacent two-layer described permanent magnet trough, form magnetic conduction passage, a tooth portion rectifying described stator of described magnetic conduction passage, another of described magnetic conduction passage rectified the notch to described stator slot.
More preferably, the interpolar width S of described rotor is less than the width of rebate G of stator slot.
More preferably, described rotor unequal every magnetic bridge thickness, reduces gradually from pole center alignment q direction of principal axis.
More preferably, described permanent magnet trough end is towards q axle offset.
More preferably, the inner arc end of described permanent magnet trough arranges chamfering.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
Magneto of the present utility model, can suppress the torque pulsation that rotor adopts the permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor of multilayer magnet structure, reduce the fluctuation that motor cross, straight axle inductance difference changes with rotor relative stator tooth slot position, make the torque pulsation of motor compare existing structure and significantly decline.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the magneto schematic diagram of prior art;
Magnetic line of force distribution map when Fig. 2 is the running of magneto bringing onto load shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is that magneto of the present utility model is the structural representation of two-layer permanent magnet;
Fig. 4 is the inductance difference fluctuation comparison diagram of the magneto of magneto shown in Fig. 3 and prior art;
Fig. 5 is the torque pulsation comparison diagram of the magneto of magneto shown in Fig. 3 and prior art;
Fig. 6 is that magneto of the present utility model is the structural representation of three layers of permanent magnet;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation that shown in Fig. 3, magneto is 6-pole motor;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of magneto shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 9 is permanent magnet of permanent magnet motor filling rate schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Figure 10 is permanent magnet machine rotor permanent magnet trough outer surface cutting schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Figure 11 is magneto magnetic conduction passage relative stator tooth slot position schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Figure 12 is permanent magnet of permanent magnet motor groove end offset schematic diagram of the present utility model;
Figure 13 is that permanent magnet of permanent magnet motor of the present utility model is every not uniform thickness view of magnetic bridge.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, magneto of the present utility model is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only for explaining the utility model, and be not used in restriction the utility model.
With reference to Fig. 3 to Figure 13, magneto one embodiment of the present utility model comprises stator 1 and rotor 4, stator 1 comprises stator core 2 and winding 3, rotor 4 comprises rotor core 5 and permanent magnet 7a, 7b, at rotor 4 in the radial direction, on each magnetic pole of rotor core 5, be provided with multilayer arc-shaped permanent magnet groove 6a, 6b, form a q axle magnetic circuit between adjacent two-layer permanent magnet trough 6a, 6b, permanent magnet 7a, 7b are arranged in permanent magnet trough 6a, 6b.
Two adjacent magnetic poles of rotor 4 are respectively the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole is contrary with the second pole polarity, the outer end of a permanent magnet 7a in the first magnetic pole is the first outer end in the one end away from q axle, the outer end of a permanent magnet 7b in the second magnetic pole is the second outer end in the one end away from q axle, the first outer end is less than 80 degree electric angles with the included angle A (outer angle) in second relative rotor 4 centers of circle, outer end, wherein the quantity of stator slot 9 (groove number) is N, rotor pole logarithm is P, the winding number of phases is m, and it is integer that every extremely every groove is counted N/2P/m.Preferably, the filling proportion of permanent magnet in permanent magnet trough is greater than 85%, and in order to reduce the accounting of reluctance torque in overall electromagnetic torque, the filling proportion by permanent magnet in permanent magnet trough is greater than 85%, realizes the decline of overall electromagnetic torque pulsation.Included angle A outside a pair of rotor outer permanent magnet end in is extremely arranged to be less than 80 degree electric angles, can reduce the time that rotor permanent magnet groove end blocks magnetic line of force track route, the minimum value of cross, straight axle inductance difference in wave process is improved, as shown in Figure 4.Thereby effectively increase in electromagnetic torque pull up torque, as can be seen from Figure 5, by improve after motor torque ripple minimum value had large increase than prior art.More preferably, as shown in Figure 3, motor stator slot number is N, and rotor pole logarithm is P, and the every extremely every phase groove of motor is counted N/2P/m and equaled 2, and included angle A is less than the interior angle D in the relative rotor of two stator teeths 4 centers of circle of the stator tooth 11 of the stator 1 in interval.Can reach the effect of better lifting pull up torque.
As a kind of embodiment, at rotor 4 in the radial direction, on each magnetic pole of rotor core 5, all establish two-layer arc-shaped permanent magnet groove, the outer end of outer permanent magnet 7a in the first magnetic pole is the first outer end in the one end away from q axle, and the outer end of the outer permanent magnet 7a in the second magnetic pole is the second outer end in the one end away from q axle.The first outer end is less than 80 degree electric angles with the included angle A (outer angle) in second relative rotor 4 centers of circle, outer end.
Further, the outer end of internal layer permanent magnet 7b in the first magnetic pole is the 3rd outer end in the one end away from q axle, the outer end of internal layer permanent magnet 7b in the second magnetic pole is the end all round in the one end away from q axle, the 3rd outer end with all round the included angle B in the relative rotor in the end center of circle be less than the interior angle C in the relative rotor of the two stator teeths center of circle of the stator tooth in interval.Included angle B outside rotor inner layer permanent magnet end is set to be less than to angle C in two stator teeths of the stator tooth in interval, can avoids the angle between motor stator magnetic field and rotor inner layer magnetic field of permanent magnet to occur the torque pulsation that fluctuation causes.
As a kind of embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, at rotor 4 in the radial direction, on each magnetic pole of rotor core 5, be provided with three layers of arc-shaped permanent magnet groove 6a, 6b, 6c, the outer end of the intermediate layer permanent magnet (in permanent magnet trough 6b) in the first magnetic pole is the first outer end in the one end away from q axle, and the outer end of permanent magnet is the second outer end in the one end away from q axle described in the intermediate layer in the second magnetic pole.The first outer end is less than 80 degree electric angles with the included angle A (outer angle) in second relative rotor 4 centers of circle, outer end.
Further, the outer end of the innermost layer permanent magnet (in permanent magnet trough 6c) in the first magnetic pole is the 5th outer end in the one end away from q axle, the outer end of the innermost layer permanent magnet (in permanent magnet trough 6c) in the second magnetic pole is the 6th outer end in the one end away from q axle, and the 5th outer end and the included angle B in the 6th relative rotor 4 centers of circle, outer end are less than the interior angle C in the relative rotor of two stator teeths 4 centers of circle of the stator tooth 11 in interval.In the rotor permanent magnet number of plies is the structure of 3 layers, because the walking path of the q axle magnetic line of force mainly concentrates on outermost layer permanent magnet near the magnetic conduction passage between each layer of permanent magnet of inner side, included angle A outside permanent magnet end, intermediate layer is less than to 80 degree electric angles, also can promotes the pull up torque in torque pulsation.
As a kind of embodiment, as shown in Figure 8, the interpolar width S of described rotor is less than the width of rebate G of stator slot.Width S between rotor pole is less than to stator rabbet width G, can reduce the magnetic line of force and directly enter the magnetic conduction part between rotor pole from stator, make the magnetic line of force be introduced into the magnetic conduction passage between the permanent magnet of direction of rotation rear side in position between rotor pole, after entering permanent magnet, enter again the magnetic conduction part between rotor pole, so the magnetic resistance of whole magnetic line of force walking becomes large, so the ratio of the magnetic resistance of the magnetic resistance change rate that rotor causes with respect to stator teeth groove change in location in whole magnetic linkage track route diminishes, the fluctuation of inductance diminishes, and has reduced the pulsation of reluctance torque.
As a kind of embodiment, as shown in figure 11, between adjacent two-layer described permanent magnet trough, form magnetic conduction path 10, a tooth portion 11 rectifying described stator of described magnetic conduction path 10, another of described magnetic conduction path 10 rectified the notch 9 to described stator slot.Magnetic conduction path 10 one in the middle of permanent magnet trough is rectified stator tooth, and another is rectified stator slot, can make the pulsation of motor quadrature axis inductance in the time that rotor relative stator tooth slot position changes, and makes the reluctance torque of motor more level and smooth.
In order to realize reducing of included angle A inside rotor permanent magnet groove or B, can be by the cutting of rotor permanent magnet groove inner arc end, as shown in figure 10, the inner arc end of permanent magnet trough arranges chamfering 8.
In order to realize reducing of included angle A inside rotor permanent magnet groove or B, rotor permanent magnet groove end is offset towards q axle magnetic pole line of demarcation.As shown in figure 12, permanent magnet trough end is towards q axle offset, and offset direction is as shown in the direction of arrow in figure.
Same, rotor is unequal every magnetic bridge thickness, reduce gradually from pole center alignment magnetic pole line of demarcation direction, can realize with rotor permanent magnet groove inside included angle A or B reduce equal effect.As shown in figure 13, described rotor unequal every magnetic bridge 12 thickness, reduces to q direction of principal axis gradually from pole center line (d axle).
The magneto of above embodiment, can suppress the torque pulsation that rotor adopts the permanent magnetism assist in synchronization reluctance motor of multilayer magnet structure, reduce the fluctuation that motor cross, straight axle inductance difference changes with rotor relative stator tooth slot position, make the torque pulsation of motor compare existing structure and significantly decline.
The above embodiment has only expressed several execution mode of the present utility model, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to the utility model the scope of the claims.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection range of the present utility model.Therefore, the protection range of the utility model patent should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (12)
1. a magneto, comprises stator and rotor, and described stator comprises stator core and winding, it is characterized in that:
Described rotor comprises rotor core and permanent magnet, at described rotor in the radial direction, on each magnetic pole of described rotor core, be provided with multilayer arc-shaped permanent magnet groove, form a q axle magnetic circuit between adjacent two-layer described permanent magnet trough, described permanent magnet is arranged in permanent magnet trough;
Two adjacent magnetic poles of described rotor are respectively the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole, described the first magnetic pole is contrary with the second pole polarity, the outer end of a described permanent magnet in described the first magnetic pole is the first outer end in the one end away from q axle, the outer end of a described permanent magnet in described the second magnetic pole is the second outer end in the one end away from q axle, described the first outer end is less than 80 degree electric angles with the included angle A in the second relative described rotor center of circle, outer end, wherein number of stator slots is N, rotor pole logarithm is P, the winding number of phases is m, it is integer that every extremely every groove is counted N/2P/m.
2. magneto according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
At described rotor in the radial direction, on each magnetic pole of described rotor core, all establish two-layer arc-shaped permanent magnet groove, the outer end of the described permanent magnet of skin in described the first magnetic pole is the first outer end in the one end away from q axle, and the outer end of the described permanent magnet of skin in described the second magnetic pole is the second outer end in the one end away from q axle.
3. magneto according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
Described in internal layer in described the first magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the 3rd outer end in the one end away from q axle, described in internal layer in described the second magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the end all round in the one end away from q axle, described the 3rd outer end with all round the included angle B in the relative described rotor in the end center of circle be less than the interior angle C in the relatively described rotor of the two stator teeths center of circle of the stator tooth in interval.
4. magneto according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
At described rotor in the radial direction, on each magnetic pole of described rotor core, be provided with three layers of arc-shaped permanent magnet groove, described in intermediate layer in described the first magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the first outer end in the one end away from q axle, and the outer end of permanent magnet is the second outer end in the one end away from q axle described in the intermediate layer in described the second magnetic pole.
5. magneto according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
Described in innermost layer in described the first magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the 5th outer end in the one end away from q axle, described in innermost layer in described the second magnetic pole, the outer end of permanent magnet is the 6th outer end in the one end away from q axle, and described the 5th outer end and the included angle B in the 6th relative described rotor center of circle, outer end are less than the interior angle C in the relatively described rotor of the two stator teeths center of circle of the stator tooth in interval.
6. according to the magneto described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that:
Motor stator slot number is N, and rotor pole logarithm is P, and the every extremely every phase groove of motor is counted N/2P/m and equaled 2, described included angle A be less than the described stator in interval stator tooth two described in the interior angle D in the relatively described rotor of the stator teeth center of circle.
7. according to the magneto described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that:
The filling proportion of described permanent magnet in described permanent magnet trough is greater than 85%.
8. according to the magneto described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that:
Between adjacent two-layer described permanent magnet trough, form magnetic conduction passage, a tooth portion rectifying described stator of described magnetic conduction passage, another of described magnetic conduction passage rectified the notch to described stator slot.
9. according to the magneto described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that:
The interpolar width S of described rotor is less than the width of rebate G of stator slot.
10. according to the magneto described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that:
Described rotor unequal every magnetic bridge thickness, reduces gradually from pole center alignment q direction of principal axis.
11. according to the magneto described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that:
Described permanent magnet trough end is towards q axle offset.
12. according to the magneto described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that:
The inner arc end of described permanent magnet trough arranges chamfering.
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CN201320877641.6U CN203674941U (en) | 2013-12-25 | 2013-12-25 | Permanent magnet motor |
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CN201320877641.6U CN203674941U (en) | 2013-12-25 | 2013-12-25 | Permanent magnet motor |
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