CN203660554U - Controller suitable to be used for minitype wind generator - Google Patents
Controller suitable to be used for minitype wind generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN203660554U CN203660554U CN201320413611.XU CN201320413611U CN203660554U CN 203660554 U CN203660554 U CN 203660554U CN 201320413611 U CN201320413611 U CN 201320413611U CN 203660554 U CN203660554 U CN 203660554U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
本实用新型的适用于小型风力发电机的控制器，其特征在于：包括DC/DC变换器、双向DC/DC变换器、采样电路、控制电路和两个驱动电路，所述采样电路的输出端与控制电路的输入端连接，控制电路的输出端与两个驱动电路的输入端连接，驱动电路1的输出端与DC/DC变换器的输入端连接，驱动电路2的输出端与双向DC/DC变换器的输入端连接。该控制器的有益效果是:风力发电机控制器可以在风速变化频繁、负载变化较大的情况之下，跟踪可捕获的最大风能，控制风力发电机发出尽量多的电能，提高了发电效率。同时对于促进超级电容器和蓄电池的联合使用的混合储能模式的发展有着积极的作用。
The controller of the utility model suitable for small wind power generators is characterized in that it includes a DC/DC converter, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a sampling circuit, a control circuit and two drive circuits, and the output terminal of the sampling circuit It is connected with the input terminal of the control circuit, the output terminal of the control circuit is connected with the input terminals of the two driving circuits, the output terminal of the driving circuit 1 is connected with the input terminal of the DC/DC converter, and the output terminal of the driving circuit 2 is connected with the bidirectional DC/DC converter. The input terminal connection of the DC converter. The beneficial effect of the controller is that the wind generator controller can track the maximum wind energy that can be captured under the condition of frequent changes in wind speed and large load changes, and control the wind generator to generate as much electric energy as possible, thereby improving power generation efficiency. At the same time, it plays a positive role in promoting the development of the hybrid energy storage mode of the combined use of supercapacitors and batteries.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the energy, specifically a kind of controller that can carry out the miniature wind power generation system of wind energy maximal power tracing.
Background technology
Along with the worsening shortages of non-renewable energy resources and increasing the weight of of air pollution, wind energy is as a kind of green regenerative energy sources of nature present, the parent that reserves are abundant, be subject to very soon the mankind without exploitation and transportation looks at, and follow day by day advancing by leaps and bounds of science and technology, support technology and the backing material of development wind power generation have had Reliable guarantee, and cost of wind power generation is also declining year by year.Therefore, wind power generation has broad prospects.Small-sized wind power generator is China solves basic electricity problem major way away from outlying remote rural area, pastoral area, island and the special place of electrical network, but small-sized wind power generator control system has its particularity and complexity: be 1. subject to the randomness of wind energy and the variable effect at any time of unsteadiness and load large; 2. energy storage device charge less as easy in storage battery, overcharge, cross put etc., so the design of Small Wind-electric Systems control section is most important.But at present, the controller of wind turbine generator lacks the control to wind driven generator output power, causes wind-driven generator to have certain limitation to the capture ability of wind energy, therefore, wind turbine generator can not farthest be sent electric energy, causes the waste of the energy.
Wind generator system is different from conventional power generation usage system, and because of randomness, the intermittence of wind, the power of wind-driven generator output can produce larger fluctuation, to such an extent as to can not be conventional load normal power supply.In order to suppress this fluctuation, energy storage device need to be installed in wind generator system.In wind generator system, traditional energy storage device is batteries, and storage battery production technology maturation, energy density is large, price is relatively low, and what be applicable to discharges and recharges control, and the power supply reliability that energy-storage system of accumulator is wind generator system provides safeguard.But the power density of storage battery is low, be not suitable for the occasion of high-power power supply, and its cycle life is short, the energy-storage system partial circulating charge and discharge phenomena that wind speed changes and load frequent fluctuation causes can shorten the useful life of storage battery, causes wind generator system integrated operation cost to increase.
Ultracapacitor is a kind of emerging energy storage device, it have extended cycle life, discharge and recharge that speed is fast, power density is large, therefore, ultracapacitor is applicable to the occasion of the occasion of wind generator system power output frequent variations and high power load power supply in short-term.And these characteristics of ultracapacitor just can form and have complementary advantages with storage battery.For the energy storage feature of ultracapacitor and storage battery, the hybrid energy-storing pattern of two kinds of elements being combined to use is risen gradually.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the utility model provides a kind of controller that can carry out the small-sized wind power generator of wind energy maximal power tracing.
The controller that is applicable to small-sized wind power generator of the present utility model, it is characterized in that: comprise DC/DC converter, two-way DC/DC converter, sample circuit, control circuit and two drive circuits, the output of described sample circuit is connected with the input of control circuit, the output of control circuit is connected with the input of two drive circuits, the output of drive circuit 1 is connected with the input of DC/DC converter, and the output of drive circuit 2 is connected with the input of two-way DC/DC converter.
Wherein, described DC/DC converter using comprises the BUCK circuit of a power switch pipe, a filtering capacitor, an inductor and a power diode.In the time of power switch pipe conducting, inductor store electrical energy, capacitor is in charged state.In the time that power switch pipe disconnects, inductor through power diode to filtering capacitor energy storage.
The charging circuit that described two-way DC/DC converter is storage battery.By the closed-loop control of two-way DC/DC circuit accurately being controlled to charging/discharging voltage, the electric current of batteries and super capacitor group.
Controller of the present utility model, that the frequency conversion that wind-driven generator is sent, the alternating current of transformation are sent into DC/DC converter through over commutation, controller detects terminal voltage and the charging current of direct voltage, direct current and storage battery by sample circuit, compare, adjust output pwm pulse ripple, deliver to drive circuit 1 and drive circuit 2, the equiva lent impedance of self and load processed rear drive DC/DC circuit and makes it to adjust by drive circuit 1 to the impulse wave receiving, finally make the current maximum electric power that can export of wind-driven generator output.Drive circuit 2 is processed the charging of time-dependent current stage by stage and the power supply of bank of super capacitors to batteries of the two-way DC/DC convertor controls of rear drive batteries to the impulse wave receiving.
The operation principle of controller of the present utility model is as follows:
A. the sample circuit in controller is sampled to the input signal of controller, sample information is transported to the control circuit in corresponding controller, for control circuit carry out the calculating of maximal power tracing algorithm and storage battery stage by stage time-dependent current mise-a-la-masse method parameter foundation is provided;
B. control circuit is realized maximal power tracing (MPPT).The sample information of carrying according to sample circuit is carried out the calculating of maximal power tracing algorithm, draws the duty ratio of controlling the pwm pulse ripple of power switch pipe in DC/DC converter, forms pwm pulse ripple, and is outputed to the drive circuit in controller;
C. the accumulator voltage that control circuit is carried according to sample circuit and the sampled value of charging current are carried out time-dependent current control stage by stage, draw the duty ratio of the pwm pulse ripple of power switch pipe in two-way DC/DC converter, form pwm pulse ripple, and outputed to the drive circuit in controller;
D. drive circuit receives the pwm pulse ripple from control circuit, after entering isolation, amplification, the pwm pulse ripple of processing is delivered to DC/DC converter and the two-way DC/DC converter in controller;
E.DC/DC converter is under the driving of drive circuit 1, according to particular duty cycle, the direct voltage that is input to controller is carried out to copped wave, and the equivalent resistance that regulates BUCK circuit self and its rear end load to form, in the time that equiva lent impedance is mated with wind-driven generator internal resistance, the current maximum electric power that can export of wind-driven generator output;
F. two-way DC/DC converter is under the driving of drive circuit 2, according to the variation of duty ratio, thereby carries out corresponding adjusting and meets different phase storage battery is taked to different charging methods being input to the direct current of controller;
Wherein, input signal shown in comprises terminal voltage, the end electric current of the direct voltage, direct current and the batteries that are input to controller.
Further, step B therein, the direct voltage obtaining according to sampling, direct current, multiply each other both, obtains the power output P (n-1) of wind-driven generator DC side current time power output P (n) and previous moment; Then within the fixed cycle, constantly by regulating the duty ratio of pwm pulse
change the load characteristic of generator.Now continue the variation that monitoring generator loading changes front and back DC side power output.If than power output increase before, continue in the suitable change generator loading characteristic of same direction in next cycle; Otherwise, if reduced than power output before, will change in the other direction the load characteristic of generator in next cycle.Operation so repeatedly, until detect that DC side output power value is maximum.
Further, step C therein:
If charge in batteries voltage detected
be greater than and set storage battery constant voltage overcharged voltage value, at this moment the charging modes of storage battery just needs by judging charge in batteries electric current
whether be greater than floating charge flow valuve and decide, have two kinds of situations:
If a detects
be greater than floating charge flow valuve, just with the storage battery constant voltage overcharged voltage value of setting, storage battery carried out to constant voltage charge, now without the maximum power of following the tracks of blower fan, only pass through the duty ratio of the feedback voltage by-pass cock pipe of storage battery;
If b detects
be less than floating charge flow valuve, floating charge state now should be set, with storage battery rated voltage, storage battery is carried out to floating charge.
If charge in batteries voltage detected
be less than setting voltage value, adopt constant current charging mode, with constant current charge cut-off current, to its constant current charge, at this moment charging modes also has two kinds of situations:
If a detects the charging current of storage battery
while being greater than constant current charge cut-off current, without following the tracks of the maximum power point of wind-driven generator, the duty ratio that the charging current that can change storage battery is carried out by-pass cock pipe makes
equal constant current charge cut-off current, and with this value, storage battery is carried out to constant current charge.
If b detects
while being less than constant current charge cut-off current, reply wind-driven generator carries out maximal power tracing.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: wind driven generator controller can, under wind speed changes frequent, load variations situation greatly, be followed the tracks of trappable maximal wind-energy, controls wind-driven generator and sends as far as possible many electric energy, has improved generating efficiency.
Simultaneously, to the mixed energy storage system with bank of super capacitors and batteries combination, carrying out batteries charges stage by stage, the advantage that performance storage battery energy density is large and ultracapacitor power density is large, charging rate is fast, the quality that has greatly improved wind generator system output electric energy, prevents accumulator super-charge, overdischarge, reduces the generation of even avoiding accumulator cell charging and discharging partial circulating phenomenon, extend to greatest extent the useful life of storage battery, reduced wind generator system integrated operation cost.
The utility model, in the charge and discharge process of mixed energy storage system, is also followed the principle that ultracapacitor preferentially discharges and recharges, and can extend like this useful life of storage battery, and the high-power damage that storage battery is caused that discharges and recharges can also prevent from pulsing.
Therefore the utility model has positive effect for the development of the hybrid energy-storing pattern of combining use that promotes ultracapacitor and storage battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the utility model controller;
Fig. 2 is that the utility model controller is to batteries charging flow figure stage by stage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model wind driven generator controller is mainly made up of five parts, respectively: DC/DC converter, two-way DC/DC converter, drive circuit, control circuit, sample circuit.The output of described sample circuit is connected with the input of control circuit, the output of control circuit is connected with the input of two drive circuits, the output of drive circuit 1 is connected with the input of DC/DC converter, and the output of drive circuit 2 is connected with the input of two-way DC/DC converter.
Described DC/DC converter using comprises the BUCK circuit of a power switch pipe, a filtering capacitor, an inductor and a power diode.
Referring to Fig. 2.The detailed process that the utility model controller charges stage by stage to batteries is:
The accumulator voltage that control circuit is carried according to sample circuit and the sampled value of charging current are carried out time-dependent current control stage by stage, draw the duty ratio of the pwm pulse ripple of power switch pipe in two-way DC/DC converter, form pwm pulse ripple, and outputed to the drive circuit 2 in controller, two-way DC/DC converter is under the driving of drive circuit 2, according to the variation of duty ratio, the direct current that is input to controller is carried out to corresponding adjusting, thereby in different phase, storage battery is taked to different charging methods;
When judging that battery condition arrives detection time, detects accumulator voltage
and electric current
,
If charge in batteries voltage detected
be greater than and set storage battery constant voltage overcharged voltage value (14.5V), at this moment the charging modes of storage battery just needs by judging charge in batteries electric current
whether be greater than floating charge flow valuve (1.6A) and decide, have two kinds of situations:
If a detects
be greater than 1.6A, just with the storage battery constant voltage overcharged voltage value of setting, storage battery carried out to constant voltage charge, now without the maximum power of following the tracks of blower fan, only pass through the duty ratio of the feedback voltage by-pass cock pipe of storage battery;
If b detects
be less than 1.6A, floating charge state now should be set, with storage battery rated voltage, storage battery is carried out to floating charge.
If charge in batteries voltage detected
be less than 14.5V, adopt constant current charging mode, with constant current charge cut-off current, to its constant current charge, at this moment charging modes also has two kinds of situations:
If a detects the charging current of storage battery
while being greater than constant current charge cut-off current (6A), without following the tracks of the maximum power point of wind-driven generator, the duty ratio that the charging current that can change storage battery is carried out by-pass cock pipe makes
equal 6A, and with this value, storage battery is carried out to constant current charge.
If b detects
be less than 6A, reply wind-driven generator carries out maximal power tracing, gives MPPT current-limiting charge to storage battery.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is applicable to the controller of small-sized wind power generator, it is characterized in that: comprise DC/DC converter, two-way DC/DC converter, sample circuit, control circuit and two drive circuits, the output of described sample circuit is connected with the input of control circuit, the output of control circuit is connected with the input of two drive circuits, the output of drive circuit 1 is connected with the input of DC/DC converter, and the output of drive circuit 2 is connected with the input of two-way DC/DC converter.
2. controller according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described DC/DC converter using comprises the BUCK circuit of a power switch pipe, a filtering capacitor, an inductor and a power diode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320413611.XU CN203660554U (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2013-07-12 | Controller suitable to be used for minitype wind generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320413611.XU CN203660554U (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2013-07-12 | Controller suitable to be used for minitype wind generator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203660554U true CN203660554U (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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| CN201320413611.XU Expired - Fee Related CN203660554U (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2013-07-12 | Controller suitable to be used for minitype wind generator |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104393648A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-04 | 上海吉亿电机有限公司 | Control system and control method for charge and discharge of storage module |
| CN108482066A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-09-04 | 华北科技学院 | A kind of monitoring of intelligent vehicle indoor environment and cooling system |
-
2013
- 2013-07-12 CN CN201320413611.XU patent/CN203660554U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104393648A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-04 | 上海吉亿电机有限公司 | Control system and control method for charge and discharge of storage module |
| CN108482066A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-09-04 | 华北科技学院 | A kind of monitoring of intelligent vehicle indoor environment and cooling system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140618 Termination date: 20140712 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |