CN203630997U - Intelligent substation hybrid simulation training system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种智能变电站混合仿真培训系统,属于培训教学用的系统。本实用新型的系统包括电网数字仿真系统、一次设备模拟装置和智能变电站的二次设备;电网数字仿真系统包括电网实时仿真服务器、教员机和I/O接口;一次设备模拟装置包括电子式互感器模拟装置、低压开关模拟装置、断路器模拟装置和刀闸模拟装置;电网数字仿真系统与一次设备模拟装置相连接,一次设备模拟装置与二次设备之间相连。本实用新型是针对智能电网的专业培训建立的综合培训平台,可以实现变电站运维人员的全范围、全过程、全场景的仿真培训;本实用新型在网络结构和硬件配置上都遵循开放性原则,使得系统的可扩充性和可维护性强;在网络的配置和功能上具有适度超前性,满足进一步开发和培训的需要,为以后的功能升级奠定了良好的基础。
The utility model discloses a hybrid simulation training system for an intelligent substation, which belongs to a system for training and teaching. The system of the utility model includes a power grid digital simulation system, a primary equipment simulation device and secondary equipment of an intelligent substation; the power grid digital simulation system includes a power grid real-time simulation server, a teacher computer and an I/O interface; the primary equipment simulation device includes an electronic transformer The simulation device, the low-voltage switch simulation device, the circuit breaker simulation device and the knife switch simulation device; the power grid digital simulation system is connected with the primary equipment simulation device, and the primary equipment simulation device is connected with the secondary equipment. The utility model is a comprehensive training platform established for the professional training of the smart grid, which can realize the simulation training of the substation operation and maintenance personnel in the whole range, the whole process, and the whole scene; the utility model follows the principle of openness in the network structure and hardware configuration , which makes the system highly expandable and maintainable; it is moderately advanced in network configuration and function, which meets the needs of further development and training, and lays a good foundation for future function upgrades.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及用于培训的装置。 The utility model relates to a device for training.
背景技术 Background technique
随着智能电网技术的快速发展,电子式互感器、智能高压电气、光纤以态网络和IEC61850标准通信等技术在智能变电站中逐步得到了推广应用。现场运行维护人员对于智能电网的新技术、新设备缺乏了解,大多数运维人员没有掌握智能变电站的运行和检修技术,急需对变电站运维人员进行全面的智能变电站实训。现有面向传统变电站的培训系统远远不能满足智能电网发展的要求,有必要研究开发智能变电站仿真培训系统。 With the rapid development of smart grid technology, technologies such as electronic transformers, intelligent high-voltage electrical appliances, optical fiber state-of-the-art networks, and IEC61850 standard communications have been gradually promoted and applied in smart substations. On-site operation and maintenance personnel lack understanding of new technologies and new equipment for smart grids. Most operation and maintenance personnel have not mastered the operation and maintenance technology of smart substations. It is urgent to conduct comprehensive smart substation training for substation operation and maintenance personnel. The existing training system for traditional substations is far from meeting the requirements of smart grid development, so it is necessary to research and develop a simulation training system for smart substations.
通常智能变电站是由一次设备和二次设备组成的,图1所示为现有智能变电站的组成结构图。 Usually, a smart substation is composed of primary equipment and secondary equipment. Figure 1 shows the structure diagram of an existing smart substation.
一次设备包括系统电源、变压器、母线、输电线路、电子式互感器、低压互感器、低压开关、断路器和刀闸等,二次设备包括合并单元、智能终端、保护装置、测控装置、故障录波及网络分析装置、低压测保一体装置、后台监控系统等,其中保护装置、测控装置、故障录波及网络分析装置以及低压测保一体装置之间通过MMS(manufacturing message specification,制造报文规范)网与后台监控系统相连。电子式互感器将电网的一次电流、电压电信号变为二次电流、电压光信号后通过光缆与接入二次设备中的合并单元的输入端,合并单元通过SV(sampled value,采样值)网与保护装置、测控装置、故障录波及网络分析装置相连接;低压互感器将电网的一次电流和电压转换为模拟小信号直接输入到二次设备中的低压测保一体装置,低压测保一体装置通过电缆与一次设备的低压开关相连,低压开关的通过电缆接入电网; Primary equipment includes system power supply, transformer, busbar, transmission line, electronic transformer, low-voltage transformer, low-voltage switch, circuit breaker and knife switch, etc. Secondary equipment includes merging unit, intelligent terminal, protection device, measurement and control device, fault recorder, etc. It involves network analysis devices, low-voltage measurement and protection integrated devices, background monitoring systems, etc., among which protection devices, measurement and control devices, fault recording and network analysis devices, and low-voltage measurement and protection integrated devices are connected through the MMS (manufacturing message specification) network. Connect with background monitoring system. The electronic transformer converts the primary current and voltage electrical signals of the power grid into secondary current and voltage optical signals, and then passes through the optical cable and connects to the input end of the merging unit in the secondary equipment, and the merging unit passes SV (sampled value, sampled value) The network is connected with the protection device, measurement and control device, fault recording and network analysis device; the low-voltage transformer converts the primary current and voltage of the power grid into an analog small signal and directly inputs it to the secondary equipment. The device is connected to the low-voltage switch of the primary equipment through the cable, and the low-voltage switch is connected to the grid through the cable;
保护装置、测控装置、故障录波及网络分析装置通过GOOSE(面向通用对象的变电站事件)网与智能终端相连;智能终端通过电缆与断路器和刀闸相连,断路器和刀闸通过电缆接入电网。 The protection device, measurement and control device, fault recorder and network analysis device are connected to the smart terminal through the GOOSE (General Object-Oriented Substation Event) network; the smart terminal is connected to the circuit breaker and the switch through the cable, and the circuit breaker and the switch are connected to the power grid through the cable . the
现在,并没有一个适用于对智能变电站进行现场培训的仿真系统。对于智能变电站的培训,有一种全数字仿真系统可用,但是该系统虽然可以模拟变电站的正常运行和操作过程,难以仿真系统故障的动态过程;同时由于没有真实设备,不能达到培训维护和检修技能的目的。 At present, there is no simulation system suitable for on-site training of smart substations. For the training of smart substations, there is an all-digital simulation system available, but although this system can simulate the normal operation and operation process of substations, it is difficult to simulate the dynamic process of system faults; at the same time, because there is no real equipment, it cannot achieve the training of maintenance and repair skills. Purpose.
全物理的仿真系统需要使用物理设备模拟实际电网一次系统,可以模拟变电站的正常运行故障状态下的电流电压与真实的二次设备有机结合,但接线方式不灵活、故障不能任意设置、一次设备投资大且后期的升级、维护较困难。 The all-physical simulation system needs to use physical equipment to simulate the primary system of the actual power grid. It can simulate the current and voltage in the normal operation of the substation under the fault state and organically combine with the real secondary equipment, but the wiring method is not flexible, the fault cannot be set arbitrarily, and the primary equipment investment Large and later upgrades and maintenance are more difficult.
基于电磁暂态过程的实时计算技术是数字物理混合仿真的核心,也是智能电网研究、分析、测试和培训的重要手段。目前,国内外专家学者已经开始尝试将混合仿真技术应用于智能电网的研究和测试,取得了很好的效果。但由于技术难度大,还仅仅处于研究阶段。而智能变电站混合仿真培训功能更加复杂多样,相比之下难度更大,迄今为止取得突破性进展的机构很少。研究和开发智能变电站混合仿真培训系统,填补该领域的技术空白,具有重大的理论意义和实用价值。 The real-time computing technology based on the electromagnetic transient process is the core of digital-physical hybrid simulation, and it is also an important means of smart grid research, analysis, testing and training. At present, experts and scholars at home and abroad have begun to try to apply hybrid simulation technology to the research and testing of smart grid, and achieved good results. However, due to technical difficulties, it is still only in the research stage. The smart substation hybrid simulation training function is more complex and diverse, and it is more difficult in comparison. So far, few institutions have made breakthroughs. Research and development of intelligent substation hybrid simulation training system to fill the technical gap in this field has great theoretical significance and practical value.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型要解决的技术问题是提供一种智能变电站混合仿真培训系统,该系统将电网数字仿真系统、一次设备模拟装置与真实的智能变电站的二次设备置于同一个仿真系统中,各设备之间有机连接、灵活配置、营造了更为逼真的运行环境,可满足变电站运维人员对智能站运行维护的实训需求。 The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a hybrid simulation training system for intelligent substations. The system puts the power grid digital simulation system, the primary equipment simulation device and the real secondary equipment of the intelligent substation into the same simulation system. Each equipment The organic connection and flexible configuration create a more realistic operating environment, which can meet the practical training needs of substation operation and maintenance personnel for intelligent station operation and maintenance.
为解决上述技术问题,本实用新型采用的技术方案为:一种智能变电站混合仿真培训系统,包括电网数字仿真系统、一次设备模拟装置和智能变电站的二次设备;所述电网数字仿真系统包括电网实时仿真服务器、教员机和I/O接口;一次设备模拟装置包括电子式互感器模拟装置、低压开关模拟装置、断路器模拟装置和刀闸模拟装置; In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a smart substation hybrid simulation training system, including a power grid digital simulation system, a primary equipment simulation device and a secondary equipment of the smart substation; the power grid digital simulation system includes a power grid Real-time simulation server, teacher computer and I/O interface; primary equipment simulation device includes electronic transformer simulation device, low-voltage switch simulation device, circuit breaker simulation device and knife switch simulation device;
所述教员机与电网实时仿真服务器之间相互连接,电网实时仿真服务器通过I/O接口与一次设备模拟装置相连接; The teacher computer is connected to the grid real-time simulation server, and the grid real-time simulation server is connected to the primary equipment simulation device through the I/O interface;
一次设备模拟装置与二次设备之间及二次设备之间按实际智能变电站内的连接方式进行连接; The connection between the primary equipment simulation device and the secondary equipment and between the secondary equipment is carried out according to the connection mode in the actual smart substation;
电网数字仿真系统输出的模拟小信号输入到二次设备中的低压测保一体装置。 The small analog signal output by the power grid digital simulation system is input to the low-voltage measurement and protection integrated device in the secondary equipment. the
所述一次设备模拟装置中的电子式互感器模拟装置包括与电网实时仿真服务器相连接的互感器模拟板卡和与合并单元相连接的光电转换模块;所述互感器模拟板卡包括依次顺序单向连接的桥芯片、信号处理器、隔离单元和第一驱动单元,所述光电转换模块包括依次顺序单向连接的编码单元、第二驱动单元和转换单元;所述互感器模拟板卡中第一驱动单元的输出端与光电转换模块中编码单元的输入端相连接。 The electronic transformer simulation device in the primary equipment simulation device includes a transformer simulation board connected to the grid real-time simulation server and a photoelectric conversion module connected to the merging unit; A bridge chip, a signal processor, an isolation unit and a first drive unit are connected in one direction, and the photoelectric conversion module includes an encoding unit, a second drive unit and a conversion unit connected sequentially in one direction; the second drive unit in the transformer simulation board The output end of a driving unit is connected with the input end of the coding unit in the photoelectric conversion module.
电网实时仿真服务器与互感器模拟板卡的桥芯片之间单向连接,光电转换模块的转换单元与合并单元之间单向连接。 The real-time simulation server of the power grid is connected to the bridge chip of the transformer simulation board in one direction, and the conversion unit of the photoelectric conversion module is connected to the merging unit in one direction.
所述一次设备组中的电子式互感器模拟装置包括与电网实时仿真服务器相连接的互感器模拟板卡和与合并单元相连接的光电转换模块;所述互感器模拟板卡包括依次顺序连接的桥芯片、信号处理器、隔离单元和第一驱动单元,所述桥芯片的输出端与信号处理器的输入端相连接,所述信号处理器与隔离单元之间双相连接,隔离单元与第一驱动单元之间双向连接;所述光电转换模块包括依次顺序连接的编码单元、第二驱动单元和转换单元,所述编码单元与转换单元、转换单元与第二驱动单元之间均为双向连接;所述互感器模拟板卡的第一驱动单元的与光电转换模块的编码单元之间双向连接。 The electronic transformer simulation device in the primary equipment group includes a transformer simulation board connected to the grid real-time simulation server and a photoelectric conversion module connected to the merging unit; the transformer simulation board includes sequentially connected A bridge chip, a signal processor, an isolation unit, and a first drive unit, the output end of the bridge chip is connected to the input end of the signal processor, the signal processor is connected to the isolation unit in two phases, and the isolation unit is connected to the first drive unit. Two-way connection between one drive unit; the photoelectric conversion module includes an encoding unit, a second drive unit and a conversion unit sequentially connected, and the encoding unit and the conversion unit, and the conversion unit and the second drive unit are all bidirectionally connected ; Bidirectional connection between the first drive unit of the transformer simulation board and the coding unit of the photoelectric conversion module.
电网实时仿真服务器与互感器模拟板卡的桥芯片之间单向连接,光电转换模块的转换单元与合并单元之间双向连接。 The grid real-time simulation server is connected to the bridge chip of the transformer simulation board in one direction, and the conversion unit of the photoelectric conversion module is connected to the merging unit in two directions.
采用上述技术方案取得的技术进步为: The technical progress obtained by adopting the above technical scheme is as follows:
本实用新型是针对智能电网为继电保护、自动化、变电运行等专业培训建立的综合培训平台,实用新型将电网数字仿真系统、一次设备模拟装置与真实的智能变电站的二次设备置于同一个仿真系统中,电网数字仿真系统可产生真实电网中的电流、电压等信号,一次设备模拟装置也可真实的模拟实际一次设备的各种功能,系统中各设备之间有机连接、灵活配置、营造了更为逼真的运行环境,可以实现变电站运维人员的全范围、全过程、全场景的仿真培训;本实用新型在网络结构和硬件配置上都遵循开放性原则,使得系统的可扩充性和可维护性强;在网络的配置和功能上具有适度超前性,可满足进一步开发和培训的需要,为以后的功能升级奠定了良好的基础。 The utility model is a comprehensive training platform for relay protection, automation, substation operation and other professional training for the smart grid. In a simulation system, the power grid digital simulation system can generate signals such as current and voltage in the real power grid, and the primary equipment simulation device can also truly simulate various functions of the actual primary equipment. The organic connection, flexible configuration, and It creates a more realistic operating environment, which can realize the simulation training of substation operation and maintenance personnel in the whole range, the whole process, and the whole scene; the utility model follows the principle of openness in the network structure and hardware configuration, making the system expandable and maintainability; moderately advanced in network configuration and functions, which can meet the needs of further development and training, and lay a good foundation for future function upgrades.
本实用新型中开创性的使用了电子式互感器模拟装置,该装置可与真实的电子式互感器得功效相同,不仅可以模拟真实设备的正常运行,还可模拟其异常运行,既减少了购买真实设备的费用,又满足了培训要求,大大降低了建设成本,应用价值极高。该装置的使用使得本实用新型的系统成本大大减小,使其更加适用于电力部门的培训课程。 In the utility model, the electronic transformer simulation device is pioneered. The device has the same effect as the real electronic transformer. It can not only simulate the normal operation of the real equipment, but also simulate its abnormal operation, which not only reduces the cost of purchasing The cost of real equipment meets the training requirements, greatly reduces the construction cost, and has extremely high application value. The use of the device greatly reduces the cost of the system of the utility model, making it more suitable for training courses in the electric power department.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为现有智能变电站的结构示意图; Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing smart substation;
图2为本实用新型的结构示意图; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model;
图3为本实用新型电子式互感器模拟装置的结构示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic transformer simulation device of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
由图2所示可知,一种智能变电站混合仿真培训系统,包括电网数字仿真系统、一次设备模拟装置和智能变电站的二次设备;所述电网数字仿真系统包括电网实时仿真服务器、教员机和I/O接口;一次设备模拟装置包括电子式互感器模拟装置、低压开关模拟装置、断路器模拟装置和刀闸模拟装置; As can be seen from Figure 2, a smart substation hybrid simulation training system includes a power grid digital simulation system, a primary equipment simulation device and secondary equipment of a smart substation; the power grid digital simulation system includes a grid real-time simulation server, a trainer computer and an I /O interface; primary equipment simulation device includes electronic transformer simulation device, low-voltage switch simulation device, circuit breaker simulation device and knife switch simulation device;
所述教员机与电网实时仿真服务器之间相互连接,电网实时仿真服务器通过I/O接口与一次设备模拟装置相连接。 The trainer computer is connected to the grid real-time simulation server, and the grid real-time simulation server is connected to the primary equipment simulation device through the I/O interface.
一次设备模拟装置与二次设备之间及二次设备之间按实际智能变电站内的连接方式进行连接; The connection between the primary equipment simulation device and the secondary equipment and between the secondary equipment is carried out according to the connection mode in the actual smart substation;
电网数字仿真系统输出的模拟小信号输入到二次设备中的低压测保一体装置。 The small analog signal output by the power grid digital simulation system is input to the low-voltage measurement and protection integrated device in the secondary equipment. the
在实际的智能变电站中,电网是由真实一次设备连接构成,在本实用新型中电网一次设备中的断路器、刀闸、电子式互感器采用物理模拟装置;电源、负荷、变压器、线路、母线等一次设备均采用数学模型搭建,采用数字模拟,由电网数字仿真系统模拟其运行。电网数字仿真系统包括电网实时仿真服务器、教员机和I/O接口。电网数字仿真系统采用电磁暂态实时仿真技术完整模拟智能变电站一次系统(由一次设备连接而成)的各种运行工况,通过一次设备模拟装置与真实的二次设备有机结合,为真实的二次系统(由二次设备连接而成)提供精准的电流电压的数据源:变电站正常运行时,电网数字仿真系统为二次系统提供正常负荷;变电站内某处故障时,为二次系统提供所需的故障电流、电压,相应的保护动作、考核保护的配合性能,并能对保护装置的性能进行全面细致的测试,同时将断路器模拟装置跳闸后的实时状态反馈到电网数字仿真系统,仿真系统根据改变的拓扑结构重新计算,为二次系统提供实时的电流电压。 In the actual smart substation, the power grid is composed of real primary equipment connections. In the utility model, the circuit breakers, knife switches, and electronic transformers in the primary equipment of the power grid adopt physical simulation devices; power supplies, loads, transformers, lines, and busbars The primary equipment is built with mathematical models and digitally simulated, and its operation is simulated by the power grid digital simulation system. The grid digital simulation system includes grid real-time simulation server, trainer computer and I/O interface. The power grid digital simulation system uses electromagnetic transient real-time simulation technology to completely simulate various operating conditions of the primary system of the smart substation (connected by primary equipment). The secondary system (connected by secondary equipment) provides accurate current and voltage data sources: when the substation is operating normally, the power grid digital simulation system provides the normal load for the secondary system; The required fault current and voltage, the corresponding protection action, the coordination performance of the assessment protection, and the performance of the protection device can be comprehensively and carefully tested. The system recalculates according to the changed topology, providing real-time current and voltage for the secondary system.
电网实时仿真服务器可以产生电网在正常运行及一次系统发生各种故障时的电流电压量,教员机是用来实时控制此仿真服务器的,因此两者之间需要双向通信。电网实时仿真服务器通过I/O接口与一次设备模拟装置相连接,为一次设备模拟装置中的电子式互感器发送电流电压量,并接收来自低压开关模拟装置、断路器模拟装置和刀闸模拟装置的实际位置。一次设备模拟装置与二次设备之间的连接方式和信号传送方向等与实际智能变电站内中相应的一次设备和二次设备之间的连接方式和信号传送方向完全相同。 The power grid real-time simulation server can generate the current and voltage of the power grid during normal operation and when various faults occur in the primary system. The trainer computer is used to control the simulation server in real time, so two-way communication is required between the two. The power grid real-time simulation server is connected with the primary equipment simulation device through the I/O interface, sends current and voltage quantities to the electronic transformer in the primary equipment simulation device, and receives signals from the low-voltage switch simulation device, circuit breaker simulation device and knife switch simulation device actual location. The connection mode and signal transmission direction between the primary equipment simulation device and the secondary equipment are exactly the same as the connection mode and signal transmission direction between the corresponding primary equipment and secondary equipment in the actual smart substation.
本实用新型的具体工作过程为:教员在教员机上设置电网常见故障,然后电网实时仿真服务器根据此故障通过电磁暂态计算得出故障时的电网应有的电流电压信号,电网实时仿真服务器将此故障电流电压通过I/O接口输入到电子式互感器模拟装置,该装置将数字信号形式的故障量转换为合并单元需要的光信号形式输入到合并单元,合并单元将此光信号通过SV网上传到保护装置、故障录波及网络分析装置,待相应保护装置感受到故障动作后,再通过GOOSE网将动作信号发送到智能终端; The specific working process of the utility model is: the teacher sets the common faults of the power grid on the teacher's computer, and then the real-time simulation server of the power grid calculates the current and voltage signals of the power grid at the time of the fault according to the fault, and the real-time simulation server of the power grid calculates the current and voltage signals of the power grid. The fault current and voltage are input to the electronic transformer simulation device through the I/O interface. The device converts the fault quantity in the form of a digital signal into the optical signal form required by the merging unit and inputs it to the merging unit. The merging unit uploads the optical signal through the SV network To the protection device, fault recording and network analysis device, after the corresponding protection device senses the fault action, the action signal is sent to the smart terminal through the GOOSE network;
在智能终端控制下,相应的断路器模拟装置、刀闸模拟装置跳闸,再将跳闸后的实时状态通过I/O接口反馈给电网数字仿真系统,仿真系统再根据改变的拓扑结构重新计算,为二次设备组成的二次系统提供实时的电流电压。 Under the control of the intelligent terminal, the corresponding circuit breaker simulation device and knife switch simulation device trip, and then the real-time status after the trip is fed back to the power grid digital simulation system through the I/O interface, and the simulation system recalculates according to the changed topology. The secondary system composed of secondary equipment provides real-time current and voltage.
电网实时仿真服务器输出的模拟小信号输入到低压测保一体装置,该装置动作后将信号处理并发回到低压开关模拟装置,低压开关模拟装置动作后将自身的动作状态实时反馈给电网实时仿真服务器,电网实时仿真服务器根据状态信号调整其内部数据,使其始终与该培训系统的最新状态保持一致; The simulated small signal output by the grid real-time simulation server is input to the low-voltage measurement and protection integrated device. After the device operates, the signal is processed and sent back to the low-voltage switch simulation device. , the grid real-time simulation server adjusts its internal data according to the state signal, so that it is always consistent with the latest state of the training system;
教员机实时与电网实时仿真服务器保持通信,从教员机上可以观察到电网实时仿真服务器的实时状态。 The trainer computer maintains communication with the grid real-time simulation server in real time, and the real-time status of the grid real-time simulation server can be observed from the trainer computer.
上述是教员进行的故障设置操作以及各设备之间的信号传输关系。 The above is the fault setting operation performed by the instructor and the signal transmission relationship between each device.
由于本系统是用于培训学员,因此,教员设置故障之后,学员根据保护装置、智能终端、断路器模拟装置的动作行为、动作报告、监控后台的动作信息、故障录波及网络分析装置电流、电压波形分析,判断故障类型、故障性质、故障地点、保护装置动作行为是否正确等,已达到培训的目的。 Since this system is used to train students, after the instructor sets the fault, the students can analyze the current and voltage of the protection device, intelligent terminal, circuit breaker simulation device, action report, monitoring background action information, fault recording, and network analysis device. Waveform analysis, judging the fault type, fault nature, fault location, whether the protection device action behavior is correct, etc., has achieved the purpose of training.
本实用新型按照典型220kV智能变电站搭建,一次系统主接线包括两台主变、220kV、110kV和10kV三个电压等级,其中220kV、110kV采用双母线接线形式,10kV为单母线分段接线方式。该培训系统具有完整的二次回路、通信网络及二次设备所需的电流电压的数据源。220kV、110kV侧仿真系统输出光信号,10kV侧仿真系统输出模拟小信号。 The utility model is built according to a typical 220kV intelligent substation. The main wiring of the primary system includes two main transformers and three voltage levels of 220kV, 110kV and 10kV, of which 220kV and 110kV adopt the double-bus connection form, and 10kV adopts the single-bus section connection mode. The training system has complete secondary circuit, communication network and data source of current and voltage required by secondary equipment. The 220kV and 110kV side simulation systems output optical signals, and the 10kV side simulation system outputs analog small signals.
在本实用新型中,电网实时仿真服务器与电子式互感器模拟装置、断路器模拟装置、刀闸模拟装置、低压开关模拟装置之间通过PCI总线相连接。 In the utility model, the power grid real-time simulation server is connected with the electronic transformer simulation device, the circuit breaker simulation device, the knife switch simulation device, and the low-voltage switch simulation device through the PCI bus.
电子式互感器模拟装置与合并单元输入之间通过光纤相连接,合并单元保护装置、测控装置、故障录波及网络分析装置通过光纤接入SV网。 The electronic transformer simulation device is connected to the input of the merging unit through optical fiber, and the protection device, measurement and control device, fault recording and network analysis device of the merging unit are connected to the SV network through optical fiber.
保护装置、测控装置、故障录波及网络分析装置通过光纤接入GOOSE网,智能终端通过光纤接入GOOSE网。智能终端与断路器模拟装置、刀闸模拟装置之间通过二次电缆连接。 Protection devices, measurement and control devices, fault recording and network analysis devices are connected to the GOOSE network through optical fibers, and intelligent terminals are connected to the GOOSE network through optical fibers. The intelligent terminal is connected with the circuit breaker simulation device and knife switch simulation device through secondary cables.
保护装置、测控装置、故障录波及网络分析装置、低压测保一体装置通过网线接入MMS网。 Protection devices, measurement and control devices, fault recording and network analysis devices, and low-voltage measurement and protection integrated devices are connected to the MMS network through network cables.
低压测保一体装置与低压开关模拟装置之间通过二次电缆连接。 The low-voltage measurement and protection integrated device is connected with the low-voltage switch simulation device through a secondary cable.
本实用新型中电网实时仿真服务器是一台装有电磁暂态实时仿真软件的服务器,此仿真服务器还可以是具有电磁暂态实时计算功能的电路装置,只要其能实现电磁暂态计算功能、提供相应的信号即可。断路器模拟装置、刀闸模拟装置、低压开关模拟装置为厂家定做的设备,型号分别为:ISU2000、ISU2002、ISU2003。保护装置、测控装置、故障录波及网络分析装置、低压测保一体装置均采用真实的二次设备,本领域技术人员根据需要选择合适型号即可。 The grid real-time simulation server in the utility model is a server equipped with electromagnetic transient real-time simulation software, and this simulation server can also be a circuit device with electromagnetic transient real-time calculation function, as long as it can realize electromagnetic transient calculation function, provide corresponding signal. The circuit breaker simulation device, knife switch simulation device, and low-voltage switch simulation device are customized by the manufacturer, and the models are: ISU2000, ISU2002, and ISU2003. The protection device, measurement and control device, fault recording and network analysis device, and low-voltage measurement and protection integrated device all use real secondary equipment, and those skilled in the art can choose the appropriate model according to their needs.
本实用新型具有以下几个特点: The utility model has the following characteristics:
1、本实用新型设计全面、完整,建立与真实智能站一致的全过程、高逼真度实训环境; 1. The design of the utility model is comprehensive and complete, and a whole-process and high-fidelity training environment consistent with the real intelligent station is established;
2、能精确再现智能变电站各种运行工况下的电磁暂态过程,实现数字仿真系统与真实物理设备的无缝对接; 2. It can accurately reproduce the electromagnetic transient process under various operating conditions of the smart substation, and realize the seamless connection between the digital simulation system and the real physical equipment;
3、成功开发了与不同厂家合并单元的互连的电子式互感器模拟装置,可满足培训学员对多个厂家合并单元的调试检验、缺陷处理的实训需求; 3. Successfully developed an electronic transformer simulation device interconnected with different manufacturers' combined units, which can meet the training needs of trainees for debugging, inspection and defect handling of multiple manufacturers' combined units;
4、系统能模拟智能变电站线路、变压器、母线各种故障,故障的形式可灵活设置,故障的波形具有高度的真实性; 4. The system can simulate various faults of intelligent substation lines, transformers, and busbars. The form of faults can be flexibly set, and the waveform of faults has a high degree of authenticity;
5、系统能反演智能站的各种事故及常见缺陷,能够很好的满足变电站运维人员对智能变电站的事故分析及二次系统缺陷处理的实训需求; 5. The system can reverse various accidents and common defects of the intelligent substation, and can well meet the practical training needs of the operation and maintenance personnel of the substation for the analysis of the accident of the intelligent substation and the handling of the secondary system defects;
6、设备涵盖多个国内知名厂家的最新技术的产品,种类繁多、型号齐全,可满足培训学员对多个厂家的不同种类设备的培训需求。 6. The equipment covers the latest technology products of many well-known domestic manufacturers, with a wide variety and complete models, which can meet the training needs of trainees for different types of equipment from multiple manufacturers.
本实用新型中的电子式互感器模拟装置是本实用新型的一个创新点,该装置是实用新型人根据多年的实际工作经验,结合实际需要制作的一种模拟装置。该装置具有电子式互感器的基本功能,但是成本却大大低于现有的各类互感器设备,非常适用于培训系统。 The electronic transformer simulation device in the utility model is an innovative point of the utility model. The device is a simulation device made by the utility model based on years of actual work experience and combined with actual needs. The device has the basic functions of an electronic transformer, but the cost is much lower than that of various existing transformer equipment, and is very suitable for training systems.
图3所示为电子式互感器模拟装置的结构示意图,其包括与电网实时仿真服务器相连接的互感器模拟板卡和与合并单元相连接的光电转换模块。 Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic transformer simulation device, which includes a transformer simulation board connected to a grid real-time simulation server and a photoelectric conversion module connected to a merging unit.
本实用新型中电子式互感器可以有两种结构,其中一种结构为:所述互感器模拟板卡包括依次顺序单向连接的桥芯片、信号处理器、隔离单元和第一驱动单元,所述光电转换模块包括依次顺序单向连接的编码单元、第二驱动单元和转换单元;所述互感器模拟板卡中第一驱动单元的输出端与光电转换模块中编码单元的输入端相连接;电网实时仿真服务器与互感器模拟板卡的桥芯片之间单向连接,光电转换模块的转换单元与合并单元之间单向连接。 The electronic transformer in the utility model can have two structures, one of which is: the simulation board of the transformer includes a bridge chip, a signal processor, an isolation unit and a first drive unit connected sequentially in one direction. The photoelectric conversion module includes an encoding unit, a second drive unit and a conversion unit connected sequentially in one direction; the output end of the first drive unit in the transformer simulation board is connected to the input end of the encoding unit in the photoelectric conversion module; The real-time simulation server of the power grid is connected to the bridge chip of the transformer simulation board in one direction, and the conversion unit of the photoelectric conversion module is connected to the merging unit in one direction.
电子式互感器模拟装置的工作原理为:互感器模拟板卡具有多路输入多路输出,通过PCI总线与电网实时仿真服务器进行数据交互。互感器模拟板卡将从主机接收到的数据进行组包、转换,再将组好的数据发送至光电装换模块。 The working principle of the electronic transformer simulation device is: the transformer simulation board has multiple inputs and multiple outputs, and performs data interaction with the grid real-time simulation server through the PCI bus. The transformer simulation board packs and converts the data received from the host, and then sends the assembled data to the photoelectric replacement module.
来自于电网实时仿真服务器的数据进入互感器模拟板卡后,首先进入通过PCI总线进入桥芯片,此桥芯片为专用于PCI总线的接口芯片,桥芯片将PCI总线上的数据发送至信号处理器,信号处理器将数据进行格式转换及组包处理后发送至隔离单元,隔离单元主要负责对信号处理器输出信号进行隔离,防止外部干扰对内部信号处理器的干扰和损坏,处理之后隔离单元将信号发送至第一驱动单元,第一驱动单元对隔离后的信号进行驱动,以使此信号更良好更完整地传送到光电转换模块。至此,互感器模拟板卡的数据处理任务就完成了。 After the data from the power grid real-time simulation server enters the transformer simulation board, it first enters the bridge chip through the PCI bus. This bridge chip is an interface chip dedicated to the PCI bus. The bridge chip sends the data on the PCI bus to the signal processor. , the signal processor performs format conversion and packet processing on the data and then sends it to the isolation unit. The isolation unit is mainly responsible for isolating the output signal of the signal processor to prevent external interference from interfering with and damaging the internal signal processor. After processing, the isolation unit will The signal is sent to the first driving unit, and the first driving unit drives the isolated signal so that the signal can be better and more completely transmitted to the photoelectric conversion module. So far, the data processing task of the transformer simulation board is completed.
光电转换模块的主要功能是将来自互感器模拟板卡上所有通道的电信号转换成合并单元需要的光信号,以适应与合并单元光纤接口的连接,同时还实现曼彻斯特编码、通道切换等功能。 The main function of the photoelectric conversion module is to convert the electrical signals from all channels on the transformer analog board into the optical signals required by the merging unit, so as to adapt to the connection with the optical fiber interface of the merging unit, and also realize Manchester encoding, channel switching and other functions.
光电转换模块也具有多路输入多路输出,并通过集成电缆与互感器模拟板卡相连。 The photoelectric conversion module also has multiple inputs and multiple outputs, and is connected with the transformer analog board through an integrated cable.
来自互感器模拟板卡的电信号通过第一驱动单元后进行入光电转换模块,其首先进入编码单元,编码单元将此电信号进行曼彻斯特编码,然后将编码信号再发送至第二驱动单元,第二驱动单元将信号驱动后发送至转换单元,转换单元将电信号转换成光信号,最后发送至合并单元。 The electrical signal from the transformer analog board passes through the first drive unit and then enters the photoelectric conversion module. It first enters the encoding unit, and the encoding unit performs Manchester encoding on the electrical signal, and then sends the encoded signal to the second drive unit. The second driving unit drives the signal and sends it to the conversion unit, and the conversion unit converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, and finally sends it to the merging unit.
通过上述实现的电子式互感器模拟装置的工作方式为异步式:电子互感器模拟装置采用的是根据采样频率自主定时发送的方式,互感器模拟板卡按照自己的晶振来获得发送的时间间隔,发送时间点到了之后再进行组包和发送。这样电子式互感器模拟装置与合并单元之间并不同步,因此称为异步式。 The working mode of the electronic transformer simulation device realized through the above is asynchronous: the electronic transformer simulation device adopts the automatic timing transmission method according to the sampling frequency, and the transformer simulation board obtains the transmission time interval according to its own crystal oscillator. Packet and send after the sending time is up. In this way, the electronic transformer simulation device and the merging unit are not synchronized, so it is called asynchronous.
还有一种同步式结构,同步式电子式互感器模拟装置组成部分与异步式的相同,仅仅是连接关系上存在区别:互感器模拟板卡中的信号处理器与隔离单元之间双相连接,隔离单元与第一驱动单元之间双向连接;光电转换模块中的编码单元与转换单元、转换单元与第二驱动单元之间均为双向连接,互感器模拟板卡的第一驱动单元的与光电转换模块的编码单元之间双向连接;光电转换模块的第二驱动单元与合并单元之间双向连接。 There is also a synchronous structure. The components of the synchronous electronic transformer simulation device are the same as those of the asynchronous one, but there are differences in the connection relationship: the signal processor in the transformer simulation board and the isolation unit are connected in two phases, Two-way connection between the isolation unit and the first drive unit; two-way connection between the coding unit and the conversion unit in the photoelectric conversion module, and between the conversion unit and the second drive unit, and the connection between the first drive unit of the transformer analog board and the photoelectric The encoding units of the conversion module are bidirectionally connected; the second driving unit of the photoelectric conversion module is bidirectionally connected to the merging unit.
同步式电子式互感器模拟装置的工作方式为:合并单元将同步脉冲信号发送到光电转换模块的第二驱动单元,第二驱动单元的信号依次经过转换单元、编码单元、互感器模拟板卡的第一驱动单元、隔离单元,最后送至信号处理器,信号处理器接收到此同步脉冲信号后,再对来自电网实时仿真服务器的信号进行组包和发送,这样,整个模拟装置发送信号的时间间隔即采样频率就与合并单元同步了,因此称为同步式工作方式。 The working mode of the synchronous electronic transformer simulation device is: the merging unit sends the synchronous pulse signal to the second drive unit of the photoelectric conversion module, and the signal of the second drive unit passes through the conversion unit, the encoding unit, and the transformer simulation board in turn. The first drive unit and the isolation unit are finally sent to the signal processor. After the signal processor receives the synchronous pulse signal, it will package and send the signal from the real-time simulation server of the power grid. In this way, the time for the entire simulation device to send the signal The interval, that is, the sampling frequency, is synchronized with the merging unit, so it is called a synchronous working mode.
本实用新型中桥芯片采用的是CYPRESS公司的 CY7C系列产品,信号处理器采用的是TI公司的TMS320F系列DSP处理器,隔离单元的主要芯片采用的是IL711,驱动单元采用的主要芯片为TI公司的74AHC245。 The middle bridge chip of the utility model adopts the CY7C series products of CYPRESS Company, the signal processor adopts the TMS320F series DSP processor of TI Company, the main chip of the isolation unit adopts IL711, and the main chip of the drive unit adopts TI Company The 74AHC245.
在本实用新型中编码单元采用的芯片为3D7521,第二驱动单元采用的芯片为75452,转换单元采用的是光电耦合器,其型号为HFBR1414。 In the utility model, the chip adopted by the encoding unit is 3D7521, the chip adopted by the second drive unit is 75452, and the conversion unit adopts a photoelectric coupler whose model is HFBR1414.
下面给出一组优选的互感器模拟板卡和光电转换模块的性能参数。 The performance parameters of a group of preferred transformer simulation boards and photoelectric conversion modules are given below.
互感器模拟板卡的具体参数如下: The specific parameters of the transformer simulation board are as follows:
l 通道数:16路输出,16路输入 l Number of channels: 16 outputs, 16 inputs
l 总线类型:PCI总线v2.2 l Bus type: PCI bus v2.2
l 接口类型:37针D型插头(插孔) l Interface type: 37-pin D-type plug (jack)
l 支持同步或异步方式 l Support synchronous or asynchronous mode
l 支持多种采样率 l Support multiple sampling rates
l 支持多种波特率 l Support multiple baud rates
l 隔离电压:2500Vrms(1min) l Isolation voltage: 2500Vrms (1min)
l 工作温度范围:0~70℃ l Working temperature range: 0~70℃
l 存储温度范围:-65~150℃ l Storage temperature range: -65~150℃
l 接口类型:37针D型插头(插孔) l Interface type: 37-pin D-type plug (jack)
l 采用高速DSP芯片作为处理器,其主频可达150MHz l Adopt high-speed DSP chip as processor, its main frequency can reach 150MHz
光电转换模块的具体参数为:配置成32路发送通道或16路发送16路接收通道;通过37针电缆与互感器模拟板卡相连;转换单元采用高性能的安捷伦光电耦合器,最高通信速度可达10MBd,装置带有指示灯指示所有通道目前的状态。 The specific parameters of the photoelectric conversion module are: configured as 32 transmission channels or 16 transmission channels and 16 reception channels; connected to the transformer analog board through a 37-pin cable; the conversion unit uses a high-performance Agilent photocoupler, and the maximum communication speed can be Up to 10MBd, the unit has indicator lights to indicate the current status of all channels.
电子式互感器模拟装置可以模拟智能变电站所有间隔电子式互感器的基本功能,可与真实的电子式互感器得功效相同,不仅可以模拟真实设备的正常运行,还可模拟其异常运行。除此之外可以模拟基于罗科夫斯基线圈的互感器(简称罗氏互感器)和基于法拉第磁旋光效应的电子式电流互感器、基于电阻或电容分压原理(电子式)和基于Pockets效应(光学)的电子式电压互感器,功能非常齐全。目前一台110 kV以上的电子式互感器的价格一般在15-20万元,而一台本实用新型结构的电子式互感器模拟装置成本约5万元,用电子式互感器模拟装置代替实际设备,一台电子式互感器节约成本10-15万元,减少了购买真实设备的费用,又满足了培训要求,大大降低了建设成本,应用价值极高。 The electronic transformer simulation device can simulate the basic functions of electronic transformers in all compartments of smart substations. It can have the same effect as real electronic transformers. It can not only simulate the normal operation of real equipment, but also simulate its abnormal operation. In addition, it is possible to simulate transformers based on Rogowski coils (referred to as Rogowski transformers) and electronic current transformers based on the Faraday magnetic rotation optical effect, based on the principle of resistor or capacitor voltage division (electronic) and based on the Pockets effect (Optical) electronic voltage transformer with complete functions. At present, the price of an electronic transformer above 110 kV is generally 150,000-200,000 yuan, and the cost of an electronic transformer simulation device with the structure of the utility model is about 50,000 yuan, and the electronic transformer simulation device is used to replace the actual equipment. , an electronic transformer saves the cost of 100,000-150,000 yuan, reduces the cost of purchasing real equipment, meets the training requirements, greatly reduces the construction cost, and has extremely high application value. the
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CN103680238A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-03-26 | 国家电网公司 | Intelligent transformer station mixing simulation training system |
CN103680238B (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2016-06-08 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of intelligent substation Hybrid Simulation Training System for Industry |
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CN106781910A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of intelligent substation virtual reality emulation training system based on hardware in loop |
CN106789274A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-31 | 上海科梁信息工程股份有限公司 | Intelligent substation security test system and method |
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