CN203590917U - Walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, flexible hammering and kernel taking equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a walnut shear extrusion with high degree of automation, which realizes walnut shell breaking, guarantees the integrity of walnut kernels and the separation of shell kernels, greatly improves the performance index, and is suitable for processing walnuts of different sizes. Shell-breaking flexible hammering kernel extraction equipment. It includes: a feeding hopper; a flat-belt shearing extrusion shell breaking device that receives materials from the feeding hopper; a flexible helical blade hammering system, which receives the primary shell breaking material sent by the flat belt shearing extrusion shell breaking device, And carry out secondary hammering to break the shell; a walnut shell and walnut kernel separation device is installed at the lower part of the flexible helical blade hammering system; One connection; the flexible helical blade hammering system is connected to the power source two; all the above-mentioned equipment are installed on the frame.

Description

Walnut shearing, extrusion, shell breaking, flexible hammering and kernel extraction equipment

technical field

The utility model relates to a mechanical process and equipment, namely a walnut shearing, extruding, cracking shell, flexible hammering equipment for kernel extraction.

Background technique

Our walnut cultivation area is large and the yield is high, but the processing technology is backward and there is no mature walnut shelling machine. Due to the irregular shape of the walnut and the small gap between the shells and kernels, in order to realize the walnut mechanical shelling and kernel extraction, the existing walnut shelling machine adopts the commonly used method of crushing, extrusion, and impact to peel the shells and extract the kernels. The main problem exists The performance index is not high (the shelling rate is about 80%, and the high kernel rate is about 60%), the adaptability to walnuts of different sizes is poor, and the degree of automation is low.

After retrieval, a peeling and kernel device based on the principle of directional knife extrusion and cutting has been developed. Since the cross section of the walnut joint line and the joint surface (diaphragm plane) of the two halves of the kernel intersect at 90 degrees, the direction of the groove on the shell and the direction of the longitudinal diameter unanimous. Therefore, two cutter heads are used to act along the two ends of the longitudinal diameter (extrusion and cutting), and each cutter head is evenly inserted into five blades, and the blades are made into an arc profile to contact the walnut shell as much as possible. The blades of the two extruding and cutting heads are relatively staggered, so that the broken shells are small and the number is large, which is conducive to the complete rupture of the shell and improves the peeling quality. But this device has poor adaptability to walnuts of different sizes. The other is a device that uses the principle of squeezing and rubbing to peel the shells and get the kernels. Squeezing and rubbing principle Shelling takes benevolence and stone roller with a radius of 120mm. The shape curve of the concave plate is connected by a circular arc segment and a straight line segment. Since the stone sulfur rotates at 50r/min and the concave plate is fixed, the walnut itself will rotate. In this way, the walnut is squeezed not at one point but on a line or an area, which is conducive to the complete rupture of the shell. But the stone roller in the device is a hard material, which easily crushes the walnut kernel and has poor adaptability to walnuts of different sizes.

Invention patent - walnut shell and kernel separator (CN200810072908.8) proposes a walnut shell and kernel extraction device driven by a motor and with an adjustable separation gap between shell and kernel. After the gap is adjusted by the device, the tightness of the belt cannot be adjusted, which may cause the belt to be too loose to effectively break the shell, or the belt to be too tight to cause damage to the working belt during the shell breaking process. The cracked walnut shell kernel mixture falls into the hammering system by adjusting the gap. When it falls, it is constantly knocked and collided by the spiral nail teeth rotating around the central axis, and finally the combined shells and kernels are separated. However, the spiral nail teeth are hard materials, and the original intact walnut kernels are easily crushed by hammering. The separation process requires constant knocking and collision of walnut shell kernels, which reduces the integrity rate of walnut kernels and the yield of kernels. Therefore, the performance index of the patent for breaking shells to extract kernels is low, and the effect is not ideal.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is: to provide a walnut with high degree of automation, realize the function of breaking the walnut shell, ensuring the integrity of the walnut kernel and the separation of the shell and kernel, so that the performance index is greatly improved, and the walnut with strong performance for processing walnuts of different sizes Shearing, extrusion, shell breaking, flexible hammering and kernel extraction equipment.

Above-mentioned purpose is realized by following technical scheme:

A walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering equipment for kernel extraction, which includes:

feeding hopper;

Flat-belt shearing extrusion shell breaking device that receives materials from the feeding hopper;

Flexible helical blade hammering system, which receives the primary shell breaking material sent by the flat belt shearing extrusion shell breaking device, and performs secondary hammer breaking;

There is a walnut shell and walnut kernel separation device at the lower part of the flexible spiral blade hammering system;

The flat-belt shearing extrusion shell breaking device and the walnut kernel separation device are connected to the transmission system, and the transmission system is connected to the first power source; the flexible helical blade hammering system is connected to the second power source;

All the above-mentioned devices are installed on the rack.

The flat belt shearing and extruding shell breaking device is composed of an upper working flat belt and a lower working flat belt with differential speeds, both of which are arranged in a wedge shape; the upper working flat belt is respectively connected with the upper working flat belt driving shaft and the upper working flat belt from The driving shaft is connected; the lower working belt is respectively connected with the driving shaft of the lower working flat belt and the driven shaft of the lower working flat belt, and the driving shaft of the upper working flat belt and the driven shaft of the upper working flat belt are respectively provided with corresponding sleeves; The flat belt driving shaft and the lower working flat belt driving shaft are connected with the transmission system.

The upper working flat belt is provided with an upper idler roller and a lower idler roller. The shafts are also mounted in their respective housings;

The bearing housings of the upper idler roller, lower idler roller, upper working flat belt driven shaft and lower working flat belt driven shaft are all installed in the through grooves at the corresponding positions of the frame;

The bearing seats at both ends of the upper idler and the lower idler are connected with the height adjustment device of the working flat belt, so that the upper idler and one lower idler can move up and down and the gap and wedge angle between the upper and lower working flat belts can be adjusted ;The bearing housings of the upper working flat belt driven shaft and the lower working flat belt driven shaft are connected with the tension adjusting device, and the tightness of the belt is adjusted by moving back and forth in the horizontal direction;

The upper idler and the lower idler are provided with corresponding sleeves respectively.

The flexible helical blade hammering system includes a blade hammering cylinder, a blade hammering centrifugal main shaft is installed in the blade hammering cylinder, and the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft is connected to the second power source; the lower part of the blade hammering cylinder is equipped with There is an inclined connecting plate, and the inclined connecting plate is equipped with a walnut shell kernel feeding hopper, and the walnut shell kernel feeding hopper cooperates with the walnut kernel separating device.

The pitch between the flexible helical blade I, flexible helical blade II and flexible helical blade III is 400mm, the starting angle is 30°, the direction of rotation is clockwise, the axial distance is 280mm, the outer diameter of the blade is 150mm, and the blade thickness 5mm to 7mm.

Described walnut kernel separation device is a helical blade drum, and its interior is provided with helical blade, and helical blade is installed on the major axis of helical blade drum, and helical blade drum major axis is provided with helical blade drum major axis bevel gear, and helical blade drum major axis The bevel gear meshes with the short shaft bevel gear of the short shaft for transmission, and the short shaft is connected with the transmission system; a blower fan is also arranged on the frame corresponding to the inlet of the spiral blade drum.

The transmission system includes a commutator, which is connected to the power source through a star-shaped elastic coupling, and the output shaft of the commutator is provided with a commutator main shaft sprocket I, a commutator main shaft sprocket II, a commutator Director main shaft sprocket III;

The end of the upper working flat belt driving shaft is provided with an upper working flat belt driving shaft sprocket, and the upper working flat belt driving shaft sprocket is connected with the commutator main shaft sprocket I;

The end of the drive shaft of the lower working flat belt is provided with a large gear, which meshes with the pinion mounted on the intermediate shaft. At the same time, an intermediate shaft sprocket is also provided at the end of the intermediate shaft. Spindle sprocket II connection;

The shaft end of the short shaft is provided with a short shaft sprocket, and the short shaft sprocket is connected with the commutator main shaft sprocket III.

The transmission ratio between the bull gear and the pinion is 2.24.

The linear velocity V ₀ of the upper belt is 3.23～3.95m/s; the linear velocity V ₁ of the lower belt is 1.23～2.12m/s, and the vertical distance between the two belts should be between (16～20)mm .

When working, start the power source one, namely the main motor, and the power source two, namely the auxiliary motor and blower, in sequence. Then start feeding, the walnuts enter the wedge-shaped gap through the conveyor belt. Under the action of the sleeve and the metal bracket, the extrusion force and shearing force of the walnut gradually increase, and the walnut shell gradually breaks. Due to the speed difference between the upper and lower working flat belts and the working belt is flexible, the walnuts are in the two working belts. Roll between the flat belts to break evenly and ensure that the walnut kernels are not crushed. After this process is over, the walnut shells are basically broken, most of the walnut kernels are exposed, and some of the walnut kernels are still embedded in the broken walnut shells.

Afterwards, the mixture of walnut shells and kernels enters the flexible blade hammering centrifugal cylinder (combined with Figures 1 and 6), and the rotation of the hammering centrifugal spindle drives the flexible helical blades to rotate together. After the material falls, it collides with the rotating spiral blade and the wall of the cylinder. During this process, the material is hammered by the blade, and the walnut kernel embedded in the broken shell will be shaken out of the shell, thereby further realizing the separation of walnut shell and walnut kernel. separate.

After that, the material falls into the inclined receiving pan and walnut shell kernel feeding hopper from the outlet, and then slides down into the spiral blade drum. During the rotation of the drum, due to the difference in specific gravity and volume between walnut shells and walnut kernels, the walnut shells fall out from one side of the drum after being adjusted by the blower and fall into the walnut shell receiving tray. The walnut kernels fall out from the other side of the drum under the conveying action of the spiral blade, and fall into the walnut kernel receiving tray to realize the separation of the shell and kernel.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: under the action of the sleeve, the metal bracket and two working belts with speed difference, the force of shearing and extruding is generated on the walnut, so that the walnut shell is broken, and the walnut kernel is exposed. It is flexible, which will reduce the damage to the walnut kernel, and through the flexible blade hammering system, the walnut kernel embedded in the walnut shell can be further separated. Since the blade is a spiral surface made of flexible material, hammering During the process, the damage to the walnut kernels can be reduced and the mixed material can be transported to prevent the material from falling directly and the walnut kernels from breaking. The separation system can realize the automation of shell kernel separation. The height adjustment device is adopted, so that the device can be adapted to handle walnuts of different sizes, so it can be used in mass production operations, shorten labor time and save labor, reduce processing costs, and better solve the difficulty of walnut shelling and kernel extraction, relying on The problem of handwork is solved, and the broken shell rate and high kernel rate have been improved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an axial side view of a walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering kernel removal device;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking and flexible hammering device for kernel extraction;

Fig. 3 is the left view of the walnut shearing, extrusion, shell breaking and flexible hammering kernel extraction device (without chain);

Figure 4 is a top view of the walnut shearing, extrusion, shell breaking and flexible hammering device for kernel extraction (without chain);

Fig. 5 is an axonometric view of the frame of the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering device for extracting kernels;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the flexible blade hammering system in the walnut shearing extrusion shell breaking flexible hammering device;

Fig. 7 is an axonometric view of the flexible hammering blade in the walnut shearing extrusion shell breaking flexible hammering kernel removal device;

Fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connection between the auxiliary motor shaft and the screw blade rod in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering kernel removal device;

Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the lower working flat belt drive shaft with gearwheel and sleeve in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking and flexible hammering device for getting kernels;

Fig. 10 is the sectional view of the lower working flat belt driven shaft with sleeve in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering device;

Fig. 11 is the sectional view of the upper working flat belt drive shaft with sprocket and sleeve in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking and flexible hammering device for getting kernels;

Fig. 12 is the cross-sectional view of the upper working flat belt driven shaft with sleeve installed in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering device;

Fig. 13 is the sectional view of the intermediate shaft with pinion and sprocket wheel in the device for walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering;

Fig. 14 is the sectional view of the minor axis of the bevel gear and the sprocket wheel in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking and flexible hammering device for getting kernels;

Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the upper idler in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering kernel removal device;

Figure 16 is an axonometric view of the main motor (connected to the commutator through a coupling, and three sprockets are installed on the main shaft of the commutator) in the device for walnut shearing, extrusion, shell breaking, and flexible hammering;

Fig. 17 is an axonometric view of the helical blade drum in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering device;

Fig. 18 is a left view of the helical blade drum in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking and flexible hammering device for kernel extraction;

Fig. 19 is an axonometric view of the conveyor belt structure in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering device;

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of adjusting the height of the adjustable bearing seat and the frame with a screw nut mechanism and adjusting the tightness of the conveyor belt in the device for walnut shearing, extrusion, shell breaking, and flexible hammering;

Fig. 21 is an axonometric view of the inclined connecting plate and feeding hopper in the walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering device;

1. Frame, 2. Intermediate shaft, 3. Lower working flat belt driving shaft, 4. Blade hammering centrifugal main shaft, 5. Auxiliary motor, 6. Upper working flat belt driving shaft, 7. Lower roller, 8. Upper Working flat belt, 9. Upper roller, 10. Lower working flat belt, 11. Upper working flat belt driven shaft, 12. Feeding hopper, 13. Lower working flat belt driven shaft, 14. Metal pallet, 15. Upper work flat belt drive shaft drive chain, 16. Main motor, 17. Star elastic coupling, 18. Main motor supporting plate, 19. Commutator, 20. Commutator supporting plate, 21. Baffle plate, 22 .intermediate shaft transmission chain, 23. short shaft transmission chain, 24. walnut shell connection disc, 25. spiral blade roller, 26. walnut kernel connection disc, 27. short shaft, 28. blower, 29. short shaft bevel gear, 30. spiral Long axis of blade roller, 31. Long axis bevel gear of helical blade roller, 32. Inclined connecting plate, 33. Blade hammering cylinder, 34. Rubber layer, 35. Walnut shell kernel feeding hopper, 36. Blower fixed beam, 37. Long Axle front bearing fixed beam, 38. blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing fixed beam, 39. intermediate shaft front bearing fixed beam, 40. intermediate shaft rear bearing fixed beam, 41. auxiliary motor fixed front beam, 42. auxiliary motor fixed rear beam , 43. The vertical beam fixed by the rear bearing of the driving shaft of the upper working flat belt, 44. The vertical beam fixed by the rear bearing of the lower roller sleeve, 45. The vertical beam fixed by the front bearing of the driving shaft of the upper working flat belt, 46. The front bearing of the lower roller sleeve Bearing fixed vertical beam, 47. Upper idler sleeve rear bearing fixed vertical beam, 48. Upper idler sleeve front bearing fixed vertical beam, 49. Upper working flat belt driven shaft rear bearing fixed beam, 50. Upper working flat Fixed crossbeam with driven shaft front bearing, 51. Lower working flat belt driven shaft rear bearing fixed crossbeam, 52. Lower working flat belt driven shaft front bearing fixed crossbeam, 53. Blade hammered cylinder and fixed crossbeam, 54. Blade hammering cylinder front fixed beam, 55. short shaft front bearing fixed beam, 56. short shaft rear bearing fixed beam, 57. long shaft rear bearing fixed beam, 58. large gear, 59. lower working flat belt driving bushing Cylinder, 60. Lower working flat belt driving shaft rear bearing seat, 61. Lower working flat belt driving shaft rear bearing, 62. Lower working flat belt driving shaft front bearing oil retaining ring, 63. Lower working flat belt driving shaft front bearing seat , 64. The front bearing of the lower working flat belt driving shaft, 65. The elastic retaining ring of the lower working flat belt driving shaft, 66. The lower working flat belt driven shaft sleeve, 67. The rear bearing seat of the lower working flat belt driven shaft, 68 .The rear bearing of the driven shaft of the lower working flat belt, 69. The oil deflector of the driven shaft of the lower working flat belt, 70. The front bearing seat of the driven shaft of the lower working flat belt, 71. The front bearing of the driven shaft of the lower working flat belt, 72 .The lower working flat belt driven shaft elastic ring, 73. the upper working flat belt driving shaft front bearing seat, 74. the upper working flat belt driving shaft front bearing, 75. the upper working flat belt driving shaft elastic ring, 76. the upper Working flat belt driving shaft sleeve, 77. upper working flat belt driving shaft rear bearing seat, 78. upper working flat belt driving shaft rear bearing, 79. upper working flat belt driving shaft oil deflector, 80. upper working Flat belt driven shaft front bearing seat, 81. Upper working flat belt driven shaft front axle, 82. Upper working flat belt driven shaft elastic ring, 83. Upper working flat belt driven shaft sleeve, 84. Upper working Flat belt driven shaft rear bearing, 85. Upper working flat belt driven shaft rear bearing housing, 86. Intermediate shaft rear bearing housing, 87. Intermediate shaft rear bearing, 88. Intermediate shaft oil baffle plate, 89. Intermediate shaft front bearing Block, 90. Intermediate shaft front bearing, 91. Pinion, 92. Intermediate shaft sprocket, 93. Short shaft sprocket, 94. Short shaft front bearing seat, 95. Short shaft front bearing, 96. Short shaft rear bearing seat , 97. Short shaft rear bearing, 98. Short shaft oil baffle plate, 99. Commutator main shaft sprocket Ⅰ, 100. Commutator main shaft sprocket Ⅱ, 101. Commutator main shaft sprocket Ⅲ, 102. Spiral blade , 103. Working belt cover rubber, 104. Working belt core rubber, 105. Working belt steel wire rope, 106. Working belt lower cover rubber, 107. Bearing support plate, 108. Lead screw, 109. Lead screw nut, 110. Pass Slot, 111. Bolt, 112. Nut, 113. Secondary motor shaft, 114. Fixing bolt, 115. Blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing, 116. Blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing fixing nut, 117. Blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing fixing Bolt, 118. Blade hammering centrifugal main shaft elastic baffle, 119. Blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing seat, 120. Blade hammering centrifugal main shaft oil deflector, 121. Upper idler rear bearing seat, 122. Upper idler rear bearing , 123. Upper idler oil baffle plate, 124. Upper idler front bearing seat, 125. Upper idler front bearing, 126. Flexible spiral blade Ⅰ, 127. Flexible spiral blade Ⅱ, 128. Flexible spiral blade Ⅲ.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described further.

Fig. 1 is an axonometric view of the whole equipment, including frame 1, transmission system, flat belt shearing extrusion shell breaking device, working flat belt height and tightness adjustment device, flexible helical blade hammering system and separation device.

Said frame 1 is a structure for fixedly connecting and assembling the parts of the machine, and is fixedly connected and assembled with main motor 16, auxiliary motor 5, commutator 19, parts such as rotating shafts of each working belt, metal pallet 14, feeding The hopper 12 is welded with a blade hammering cylinder 33 , an inclined connecting plate 32 , a main motor supporting plate 18 , and a commutator supporting plate 20 .

Said transmission system is that the main motor 16 is connected with the commutator 19 through a star-shaped elastic coupling 17, and the main motor 16 rotates at a speed of 720 r/mm. Commutator main shaft sprocket Ⅰ99, commutator main shaft sprocket Ⅱ100, commutator main shaft sprocket Ⅲ101 and upper working flat belt driving shaft sprocket 72, intermediate shaft sprocket 92 and short shaft sprocket 93 pass through the upper working flat belt respectively. Belt driving shaft drive chain 15, intermediate shaft drive chain 22, short shaft drive chain 23 are connected, and each sprocket diameter is 100mm. Mesh between bull gear 58 and pinion 91, its transmission ratio is 2.24. The minor axis bevel gear 29 meshes with the major axis bevel gear 31 of the spiral blade drum. Wherein the screw holes corresponding to the base of the motor and the commutator are long-diameter through holes, which can realize the fine adjustment of the positions of the main motor 16 and the commutator 19 .

Said flat-belt shearing and extruding shell breaking device is composed of lower working flat-belt drive shaft 3, lower working flat-belt driving shaft sleeve 59, lower working flat-belt driven shaft 13, lower working flat-belt driven shaft sleeve 66, upper working flat belt driving shaft 6, upper working flat belt driving shaft sleeve 76, upper working flat belt driven shaft 11, upper working flat belt driven shaft sleeve 83, upper idler 9, lower idler 7, Last work flat belt 8, lower work flat belt 10, metal supporting plate 14 constitutes. The lower working flat belt 10 is tightly sleeved on the lower working flat belt driving shaft 3 and the lower working flat belt driven shaft 13; the upper working flat belt 8 is tightly sleeved on the upper working flat belt driving shaft 6, the upper working flat belt driven shaft 11, Go up idler roller 9, lower idler roller 7. Wherein, the diameter of lower work flat belt drive shaft sleeve 59, lower work flat belt driven shaft sleeve 66, upper work flat belt drive shaft sleeve 76, and upper work flat belt driven shaft sleeve 83 is 100mm. The horizontal wheelbase of the lower work flat belt drive shaft 3 and the lower work flat belt driven shaft 13 is 1000mm. The axes of the upper working flat belt driving shaft 3 and the lower idler roller 7 are horizontally parallel, and the spacing is 300mm. The horizontal distance between the two rollers is 270mm, the vertical distance is an adjustable value N, the linear velocity V ₀ of the upper working flat belt 8 =3.23～3.95m/s; the linear velocity V ₁ of the lower working flat belt 10 =1.23 ~2.12m/s. The vertical distance between the two flat belts should be between (16～20) mm, and their structures are the same, as shown in Figure 14, all including a plurality of working belt steel wire ropes 105, the working belt steel wire ropes 105 and the working belt core Glue 104 is connected, and then there are work belt upper cover glue 103 and work belt lower cover glue 106 on the upper and lower sides of work belt core glue 104. A wedge-shaped gap is formed between the upper working flat belt 8 and the lower working flat belt 10. The walnuts are sent to the lower working flat belt 10 by the feeding hopper 12 and transported forward. The extrusion of the lower working flat belt 10 along the moving direction is also squeezed by the corresponding sleeve and the metal supporting plate 14. As the extrusion force and shearing force gradually increase, the walnut shells gradually break. The speed is poor and the working belt is a flexible belt. The walnuts are rolled between the two belts to break evenly and can ensure that the walnut kernels are not crushed.

The said flexible helical blade hammering system consists of blade hammering centrifugal main shaft 4, flexible helical blade I126, flexible helical blade II127, flexible helical blade III128, rubber layer 34, blade hammering cylinder 33, blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing Crossbeam 38, secondary motor 5 constitute. The blade hammering cylinder 33 has a height of 400mm, an inner diameter of 330mm, and a wall thickness of 3mm. It is welded and connected to the fixed beam 38 of the blade hammering centrifugal spindle bearing. A rubber layer 34 is adhered to the inner wall of the blade hammering cylinder 33 to play a certain buffering role. , The rubber layer 34 has a thickness of 4 mm to 6 mm. The bottom end of the inner wall of the blade hammering cylinder 33 is welded with a fixed beam 54 before the blade hammering cylinder. The blade hammering centrifugal main shaft 4 has a diameter of 20mm, is concentric with the blade hammering cylinder 33, and its lower end is positioned on the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing 115 at the bottom of the blade hammering cylinder 33 through self-aligning ball bearings. The blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing 115 is fixed on the fixed crossbeam 54 before the blade hammers the cylinder by blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing fixing bolts 117 and blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing fixing nuts 116. The material of flexible spiral blade I126, flexible spiral blade II127, and flexible spiral blade III128 is Bakelite, the pitch is 400mm, the starting angle is 30°, the direction of rotation is clockwise, the axial distance is 280mm, and the outer diameter of the spiral blade is 150mm , blade thickness is 5mm ~ 7mm. Because the flexible spiral blade I126, the flexible spiral blade II127, and the flexible spiral blade III128 are made of flexible materials, they will play a certain buffering effect on the walnut kernel in the hammering process, and the flexible spiral blade I126, flexible spiral blade II127, The flexible helical blade III128 is a helical curved surface, and the falling materials will slide down on the helical curved surface, reducing the damage to the walnut kernels. The rotation speed of the auxiliary motor 5 is 1440r/min, and the rotating shaft 113 of the auxiliary motor is inserted into the cylindrical groove at the top of the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft 4 and fixed by a fixing bolt 114 .

Said work flat belt height and tightness adjusting device are made up of bearing 68, bearing support plate 107, leading screw 108, leading screw nut 109 and the through groove 110 that is positioned on the corresponding beam. Bearing 68 and bearing support plate 107 are fixed on through groove 10 place with bolt 111, nut 112, and through groove 10 lengths are 120mm. The leading screw 108 is welded on the bearing support plate 107, and the length of the leading screw 108 is 60mm. The leading screw 108 passes through the threaded hole on the corresponding beam, and the height adjustment in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction adjustment is carried out in the mode connected with the leading screw nut 109, thereby through the upper working flat belt driven shaft sleeve 83 and the lower working flat belt from The horizontal position of the moving shaft sleeve 66 and the height adjustment of the two supporting rollers make the gap between the two flat belts adjustable, so as to adjust the belt spacing and wedge angle when processing walnuts of different sizes; The horizontal movement of the driven shaft sleeve 66 or the upper working flat belt driven shaft sleeve 83 is used to adjust the tightness of the two flat belts.

Said separating device is made of helical blade drum 25, helical blade 102, helical blade drum major axis 30, air blower 28, baffle plate 21, walnut shell connecting disc 24, walnut kernel connecting disc 26. The walnuts that have been shelled twice by the flexible helical blade hammering system are sent out through the inclined receiving tray 32 and the walnut shell kernel feeding hopper 35, and slide down into the helical blade drum 25. During the spiral blade cylinder 25 rotation process, because of the specific gravity and the volume difference of walnut shell and walnut kernel, the walnut shell falls out from the spiral blade cylinder 25 side after being subjected to the wind force after the blower 8 adjusts, and falls in the walnut shell connecting plate 24. The walnut kernels fall out from the other side of the helical blade drum 25 under the conveying action of the helical blades 102, and fall into the walnut kernel receiving tray 26 to realize the separation of the shells and kernels.

The specific structure of each component is as follows.

In Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the main motor 16 and the commutator 19 are connected through a star-shaped elastic coupling 17 and fixed on the main motor supporting plate 18 and the commutator supporting plate 20 of the frame 1 respectively.

Combining Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 16, it can be seen that commutator main shaft sprocket I99, commutator main shaft sprocket II100 and commutator main shaft sprocket III101 are coaxially connected with commutator 19, commutator main shaft sprocket I99 It is connected with the short shaft sprocket 93 through the short shaft transmission chain 23, the commutator main shaft sprocket II100 is connected with the intermediate shaft sprocket 92 through the intermediate shaft transmission chain 22, the commutator main shaft sprocket III101 is connected with the upper working flat belt driving shaft chain Wheel 72 is connected by last working flat belt driving shaft transmission chain 15.

Combining Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, it can be seen that the blade hammering cylinder 33 in the flexible blade hammering system is connected with the fixed crossbeam 39 of the front bearing of the intermediate shaft, the fixed crossbeam 40 of the rear bearing of the intermediate shaft, and the fixed crossbeam 53 after the blade hammers the cylinder , The front fixed beam 54 of the blade hammering cylinder is welded, the fixed beam 38 of the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing is welded with the inner wall of the blade hammering cylinder 33, the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing 115 is fixedly connected with the fixed beam 38 of the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing . The rubber layer 34 is bonded to the inner wall of the cylinder 33 . The end of the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft 4 is installed on the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing 115, and the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft elastic baffle 118 and the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft are arranged between the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing 115 and the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft 4 The elastic baffle 120 and the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing 115 are installed in the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing seat 119 . The blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing seat 119 is installed on the bottom of the blade hammering cylinder 33 through the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing fixing bolts 117 and the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft bearing fixing nuts 116 .

1, 2, 5, 6, 7, and 8, it can be seen that the auxiliary motor 5 is fixedly connected with the auxiliary motor fixed front beam 41 and the auxiliary motor fixed rear beam 42, and the auxiliary motor shaft 113 of the auxiliary motor 5 is inserted into the The blades are hammered in the top cylindrical groove of the centrifugal main shaft 4 and fixed by fixing bolts 114. The flexible helical blade I126, the flexible helical blade II127 and the flexible helical blade III128 are welded on the blade hammered centrifugal main shaft 4.

As shown in Fig. 9, the large gear 58 is fixedly connected with the lower working flat belt driving shaft 3, and the lower working flat belt driving shaft sleeve 59 is positioned by the shoulder of the lower working flat belt driving shaft 3 and the elastic retaining ring of the lower working flat belt driving shaft 65 is fixed on the lower working flat belt driving shaft 3, and the two ends of the lower working flat belt driving shaft 3 are sequentially provided with respective corresponding lower working flat belt driving shaft front bearing oil retaining rings 62, the lower working flat belt driving shaft front bearing 64. The lower working flat belt driving shaft rear bearing 61, wherein the lower working flat belt driving shaft front bearing housing 63, the lower working flat belt driving shaft rear bearing housing 60 are respectively fixed on the lower working flat belt driven shaft front bearing fixed beam 52, the lower On the fixed crossbeam 51 of the work flat belt driven shaft rear bearing.

As shown in Figure 10, the lower working flat belt driven shaft sleeve 66 is fixed on the lower working flat belt driven shaft 13 through the shoulder of the lower working flat belt driven shaft 13 and the elastic retaining ring 72 of the lower working flat belt driving shaft. The working flat belt driven shaft 13 is sequentially provided with respective corresponding lower working flat belt driven shaft oil deflectors 69, the lower working flat belt driven shaft front bearing 71, and the lower working flat belt driven shaft rear bearing 68 from the inside to the outside. Among them, the front bearing seat 70 of the lower working flat belt driven shaft and the rear bearing seat 67 of the lower working flat belt driven shaft are respectively fixed on the front bearing fixed crossbeam 52 of the lower working flat belt driven shaft, and the rear bearing fixed crossbeam of the lower working flat belt driven shaft 51 on.

As shown in FIG. 11 , the upper working flat belt driving shaft sleeve 76 is positioned on the upper working flat belt driving shaft 6 through the shoulder of the upper working flat belt driving shaft 6 and the upper working flat belt driving shaft circlip 75 . The upper work flat belt drive shaft 6 is provided with respective corresponding upper work flat belt drive shaft oil baffle plate 79, the upper work flat belt drive shaft front bearing 74, the upper work flat belt drive shaft rear bearing 78 from the inside to the outside, wherein the upper work Flat belt driving shaft front bearing block 73, last work flat belt driving shaft rear bearing block 77 are respectively fixed on the upper work flat belt driving shaft front bearing fixed vertical beam 45, the upper work flat belt driving shaft rear bearing fixed vertical beam 43. Last work flat belt drive shaft 6 axle ends are also connected with last work flat belt drive shaft sprocket wheel 72. As can be seen in conjunction with FIG. 20 , the bearing support plate 107 has a threaded hole, and the bolt 111 passes through the through groove 110 of the front bearing fixing vertical beam 45 of the upper working flat belt driving shaft and is tightened by a nut 112 . The front bearing fixed beam 50 of the upper work flat belt driven shaft has a threaded hole, and the leading screw 108 passes through the threaded hole, and the leading screw nut 109 is installed on the leading screw 108 . When it is necessary to adjust the height of the bearing seat, the nut 112 is loosened, and when the screw nut 109 is turned, the height of the bearing seat can be adjusted, and then the nut 112 is tightened to tighten the bearing seat. The height of other adjustable bearing seats and the adjustment mode of belt tightness are the same, so no more details are given.

As shown in Figure 12, the upper working flat belt driven shaft sleeve 83 is positioned on the upper working flat belt driven shaft 11 through the shoulder of the upper working flat belt driven shaft 11 and the upper working flat belt driven shaft elastic ring 82 . The upper working flat belt driven shaft 11 is sequentially provided with respective corresponding upper working flat belt driven shaft oil baffle plate, upper working flat belt driven shaft front shaft 81, upper working flat belt driven shaft rear bearing 84 from inside to outside, Among them, the front bearing seat 80 of the upper working flat belt driven shaft and the rear bearing housing 85 of the upper working flat belt driven shaft are respectively fixed on the front bearing fixed beam 50 of the upper working flat belt driven shaft, and the rear bearing of the upper working flat belt driven shaft is fixed On the beam 49.

Figure 13 is a sectional view of the intermediate shaft 2 equipped with the intermediate shaft sprocket 92 and the pinion 91. It can be seen that the intermediate shaft sprocket 92 and the pinion 91 are fixedly connected with the intermediate shaft 2 respectively, wherein the pinion 91 is connected to the large gear 58 The meshing realizes the transmission between the intermediate shaft 2 and the lower working flat belt driving shaft 3. The intermediate shaft 2 is provided with corresponding intermediate shaft oil baffle plates 88, intermediate shaft front bearings 90, and intermediate shaft rear bearings 87 sequentially from the inside to the outside, wherein the intermediate shaft front bearing housing 89 and the intermediate shaft rear bearing housing 86 are respectively fixed on the intermediate shaft The front bearing is fixed on the crossbeam 39, and the rear bearing of the intermediate shaft is fixed on the crossbeam 40.

Figure 14 is a sectional view of the minor shaft 27 equipped with the minor shaft bevel gear 29 and the minor shaft sprocket 93, it can be seen that the minor shaft bevel gear 29 and the minor shaft sprocket 93 are fixedly connected with the minor shaft 27 respectively. The short shaft 27 is provided with corresponding short shaft oil baffle plate 98, short shaft front bearing 95, and short shaft rear bearing 97 sequentially from the inside to the outside, wherein the front bearing seat 94 of the short shaft and the rear bearing seat 96 of the short shaft are fixed on the short shaft respectively. The front bearing is fixed on the crossbeam 55, and the short axle rear bearing is fixed on the crossbeam 56.

Figure 15 is a sectional view of the upper idler 9, it can be seen that the upper idler 9 is provided with corresponding upper idler oil baffles 123, upper idler front bearings 125, and upper idler rear bearings 122 in turn. Wherein the front bearing block 124 of the upper idler roller and the rear bearing block 121 of the upper idler roller are respectively fixed on the front bearing fixed vertical beam 48 of the upper idler roller sleeve, and on the fixed vertical beam 47 of the upper idler roller sleeve rear bearing. Since the lower idler 7 is respectively connected to the rear bearing fixed vertical beam 44 of the lower idler sleeve and the front bearing fixed vertical beam 46 of the lower idler sleeve, and the entire structure is exactly the same in structure and size as the upper idler 9, only the position Different, so only the upper idler roller 9 is introduced here, and no more details are given here.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 21, it can be seen that the blower 28 is fixed on the blower fixed beam 36, the inclined connecting plate 32 is welded to the walnut shell kernel feeding hopper 35, and the inclined connecting plate 32 is welded on the blade hammering The cylinder rear fixed crossbeam 53, the blade hammers on the front fixed crossbeam 54 of the cylinder.

1, FIG. 5, FIG. 17, and FIG. 18, it can be seen that the long shaft 30 of the spiral blade drum is fixed on the long shaft front bearing fixed beam 37 and the long shaft rear bearing fixed beam 57 through bearings, and the spiral blade 102 is welded on the spiral blade drum 25 Internally, the long-axis bevel gear 31 of the spiral blade drum is fixedly connected with the long shaft 30 of the spiral blade drum, and at the same time, the long-axis bevel gear 31 of the spiral blade drum is meshed with the short-axis bevel gear 29 to realize the connection between the long shaft 30 and the short shaft 27 of the spiral blade drum. transmission.

Claims (10)

1. A walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering equipment for kernel extraction, characterized in that it includes: feeding hopper; Flat-belt shearing extrusion shell breaking device that receives materials from the feeding hopper; Flexible helical blade hammering system, which receives the primary shell breaking material sent by the flat belt shearing extrusion shell breaking device, and performs secondary hammer breaking; There is a walnut shell and walnut kernel separation device at the lower part of the flexible spiral blade hammering system; The flat-belt shearing extrusion shell breaking device and the walnut kernel separation device are connected to the transmission system, and the transmission system is connected to the first power source; the flexible helical blade hammering system is connected to the second power source; All the above-mentioned devices are installed on the rack. 2. The walnut shearing and extruding cracking device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the flat belt shearing and squeezing device is composed of an upper working flat belt and a lower working flat belt of differential speed. The two are arranged in a wedge shape; the upper working flat belt is respectively connected with the driving shaft of the upper working flat belt and the driven shaft of the upper working flat belt; the lower working belt is respectively connected with the driving shaft of the lower working flat belt and the driven shaft of the lower working flat belt Shaft connection, the upper working flat belt driving shaft and the upper working flat belt driven shaft are respectively provided with corresponding sleeves; the upper working flat belt driving shaft and the lower working flat belt driving shaft are connected with the transmission system. 3. The walnut shearing and extruding broken shell flexible thumping equipment for getting kernels as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said upper working flat belt is also provided with an upper idler and a lower idler, and the upper idler and The two ends of the lower idler roller are respectively installed in their respective bearing housings, and the upper working flat belt driven shaft and the lower working flat belt driven shaft are also installed in their respective bearing housings; The bearing housings of the upper idler roller, lower idler roller, upper working flat belt driven shaft and lower working flat belt driven shaft are all installed in the through grooves at the corresponding positions of the frame; The bearing seats at both ends of the upper idler and the lower idler are connected with the height adjustment device of the working flat belt, so that the upper idler and one lower idler can move up and down and the gap and wedge angle between the upper and lower working flat belts can be adjusted ; The bearing seat of the driven shaft of the upper working flat belt and the driven shaft of the lower working flat belt is connected with the tightness adjusting device, and moves back and forth in the horizontal direction to adjust the tightness of the belt. 4. The walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering equipment for harvesting kernels according to claim 1, wherein the working flat belt height adjustment device and the elastic tension adjustment device have the same structure, and both include a screw and a bearing support plate , The bearing seat is installed on the bearing support plate, and the screw pushes the bearing support plate to drive the bearing seat to move in the through groove, and adjust the horizontal position or height position respectively. 5. The walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering equipment for kernel extraction according to claim 1, wherein the flexible spiral blade hammering system includes a blade hammering cylinder, and the blade hammering cylinder The blade hammering centrifugal main shaft is installed inside, and the blade hammering centrifugal main shaft is connected with the second power source; the lower part of the blade hammering cylinder is provided with an inclined connecting plate, and the inclined connecting plate is equipped with a walnut shell kernel feeding hopper, and the walnut shell kernel feeding hopper is connected with the walnut kernel Separator fits. 6. The walnut shearing and extruding shell-breaking flexible thumping equipment for getting kernels as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the pitch between the flexible helical blade I, the flexible helical blade II and the flexible helical blade III is 400 mm. The starting angle is 30°, the direction of rotation is clockwise, the axial distance is 280 mm, the outer diameter of the blade is 150 mm, and the blade thickness is 5 mm to 7 mm. 7. The walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering equipment for kernel extraction according to claim 1 is characterized in that the walnut kernel separation device is a helical blade drum, and the helical blade is arranged inside it, and the helical blade is installed on On the long axis of the spiral blade drum, the long axis of the spiral blade drum is provided with a long shaft bevel gear of the spiral blade drum, the long shaft bevel gear of the spiral blade drum is meshed with the short shaft bevel gear of the short shaft, and the short shaft is connected with the transmission system; The frame corresponding to the entrance of the spiral blade drum is also provided with a blower, and a baffle plate is arranged on the outlet side of the spiral blade drum. 8. The walnut shearing and extruding shell-breaking flexible hammering equipment for picking kernels according to claim 1 or 2 or 7 is characterized in that, the transmission system includes a commutator, which is connected to the Once the power source is connected, there are commutator main shaft sprocket I, commutator main shaft sprocket II, and commutator main shaft sprocket III on the output shaft of the commutator; The end of the upper working flat belt driving shaft is provided with an upper working flat belt driving shaft sprocket, and the upper working flat belt driving shaft sprocket is connected with the commutator main shaft sprocket I; The end of the drive shaft of the lower working flat belt is provided with a large gear, which meshes with the pinion mounted on the intermediate shaft. At the same time, an intermediate shaft sprocket is also provided at the end of the intermediate shaft. Spindle sprocket II connection; The shaft end of the short shaft is provided with a short shaft sprocket, and the short shaft sprocket is connected with the commutator main shaft sprocket III. 9. The walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking, and flexible hammering equipment for harvesting kernels according to claim 8, wherein the transmission ratio between the large gear and the pinion is 2.24. 10. The equipment for walnut shearing, extruding, shell breaking and flexible hammering for harvesting kernels according to claim 2, characterized in that, the linear velocity V ₀ of the upper belt is 3.23-3.95m/s; the linear velocity V of the lower belt is ₁ =1.23～2.12m/s, the vertical distance between the two belts should be between 16～20mm.

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