CN203577623U - 强制紊流烟气脱硫塔 - Google Patents
强制紊流烟气脱硫塔 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN203577623U CN203577623U CN201320664776.4U CN201320664776U CN203577623U CN 203577623 U CN203577623 U CN 203577623U CN 201320664776 U CN201320664776 U CN 201320664776U CN 203577623 U CN203577623 U CN 203577623U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- spraying layer
- slurries
- desulfurizing tower
- pressure
- Prior art date
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000003546 flue gases Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 230000003009 desulfurizing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000006477 desulfuration reactions Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002002 slurries Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011257 shell materials Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001890 sulfur dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphur dioxide Chemical compound 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O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000007921 sprays Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reactions Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquids Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound 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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，属于脱硫领域，其包括：位于所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔底部的浆液池、位于所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔中部的脱硫区、位于所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔上部的除雾区、位于所述脱硫区底部的塔壁上的烟气进口和位于所述除雾区上方的塔壁上的烟气出口；所述脱硫区包括三层浆液喷淋层和用以改变烟气流动规律的变流装置，所述三层浆液喷淋层由上至下依次为第三浆液喷淋层、第二浆液喷淋层和第一浆液喷淋层，所述变流装置位于所述第二浆液喷淋层和所述第三浆液喷淋层之间。通过采用本实用新型的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，能在低液气比的情况下使得烟气与喷淋出的浆液充分接触，最大限度的吸收烟气中的二氧化硫，提高脱硫效率。
Description
强制紊流烟气脱硫塔
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及脱硫领域，特别涉及一种强制紊流烟气脱硫塔。
背景技术
[0002] 随着环境保护在全世界越来越受到高度的重视，对大气主要污染物之一的SO2(二氧化硫)的排放量实行了严格地排放标准。在钢铁冶金行业中，由于部分地区烧结矿的含硫量非常高，烧结出的烟气中的二氧化硫含量能够达到5000mg/Nm3，有时甚至能达到10000mg/Nm3以上，远远超过排放标准。为了使烟气中的二氧化硫含量满足排放标准，通常采用湿法脱硫，比如将烟气输送到喷淋脱硫塔内，使烟气在喷淋脱硫塔内上升的过程中与喷淋脱硫塔内的浆液喷淋层喷淋出的浆液充分混合反应，在一定的条件下实现脱硫，以满足排放标准，减少对环境的污染程度。
[0003] 在实现本实用新型的过程中，实用新型人发现现有技术存在以下问题:
[0004] 随着烟气中含硫量的增加，需要提高烟气反应的液气比，随着液气比的增加，循环泵的流量大大增加，喷淋层数也会增加到5层甚至6层(含硫量5000mg/Nm3以上)，能耗也将大大增加，不符合节能的理念。由于通过浆液喷淋层喷淋出的浆液与直接从烟气进口进入的烟气进行反应，使得烟气在喷淋脱硫塔内的反应不充分，脱硫效率低，成本高，尤其当烟气中的二氧化硫含量为5000mg/Nm3，甚至更高时，脱离效率很低，对环境造成很大污染。
发明内容
[0005]为了解决现有技术的问题，本实用新型实施例提供了一种强制紊流烟气脱硫塔。所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔包括:位于所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔底部的浆液池、位于所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔中部的脱硫区、位于所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔上部的除雾区、位于所述脱硫区底部的塔壁上的烟气进口和位于所述除雾区上方的塔壁上的烟气出口 ；所述脱硫区包括三层浆液喷淋层和用以改变烟气流动规律的变流装置，所述三层浆液喷淋层由上至下依次为第三浆液喷淋层、第二浆液喷淋层和第一浆液喷淋层，所述变流装置位于所述第二浆液喷淋层和所述第三浆液喷淋层之间。
[0006] 优选地，所述三层浆液喷淋层中任一浆液喷淋层包括:浆液管道和多个喷嘴，所述喷嘴用于喷出所述浆液管道里的浆液。
[0007] 优选地，所述喷嘴朝向为向下。
[0008] 优选地，所述除雾区包括一级或多级除雾器。
[0009] 优选地，所述变流装置包括:多个变流单元，所述变流单元包括筒体和位于所述筒体内的漩涡片，所述漩涡片用于改变烟气流动方向。
[0010] 优选地，所述漩涡片与所述筒体轴向的夹角为5〜85度。
[0011] 优选地，所述筒体直径为25〜2000毫米，所述漩涡片的片数为2〜12片。
[0012] 优选地，所述脱硫区还包括导流板，所述导流板在所述浆液池的上方和在所述第一衆液喷淋层的下方，用于将烟气均勻稳定上升。[0013] 优选地，所述导流板为多个，以阶梯形式均匀分布在所述第一浆液喷淋层的下方，而且以一定的倾斜角度与所述烟气进口相对。
[0014] 优选地,所述倾斜角度为所述导流板与水平方向的夹角，该夹角为30〜60°。
[0015] 本实用新型提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是:
[0016] 在强制紊流烟气脱硫塔的烟气入口处增加了导流板，使得烟气进入强制紊流烟气脱硫塔后能够均匀稳定变向，避免了烟气偏向一方上升，使气液接触更均匀；第一浆液喷淋层和第二浆液喷淋层在与烟气接触过程中，对烟气进行降温以达到最佳的降温(最佳的反应温度)效果，同时还能使烟气达到最佳的蒸汽饱和度效果；增加了变流装置，改变了烟气的流动规律，强制使烟气产生强烈的紊流(即湍流)，从而在低液比的情况下使得烟气在进入第三浆液喷淋层时，能与喷淋出的浆液充分接触，最大限度的吸收烟气中的二氧化硫，提高脱硫效率。
附图说明
[0017]图1是本实用新型实施例提供的一种强制紊流烟气脱硫塔的结构示意图；
[0018] 图2是本实用新型实施例提供的一种变流单元的结构示意图；
[0019] 图3是本实用新型实施例提供的一种浆液喷淋层的结构示意图；
[0020] 其中，图中符号说明:I烟气进口、2浆液池、3脱硫区、4除雾区、5烟气出口、6第三浆液喷淋层、7第二浆液喷淋层、8第一浆液喷淋层、9变流装置、10第一级除雾器、11第二级除雾器、12浆液管道、13喷嘴、14筒体、15漩涡片、16导流板。
具体实施方式
[0021] 为使本实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本实用新型实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
[0022] 参见图1-3，本实用新型提供的一种强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，包括:烟气进口 1、浆液池2、脱硫区3、除雾区4和烟气出口 5 ;浆液池2用于储存浆液喷淋层喷淋下来的浆液，脱硫区3通过气液反应去除烟气中的二氧化硫，除雾区4用于除去烟气中的液滴，以减少脱硫后的烟气对烟道的腐蚀。烟气进口 I位于脱硫区3底部的塔壁上，浆液池2位于强制紊流烟气脱硫塔的下部，脱硫区3位于强制紊流烟气脱硫塔的中部，除雾区4位于强制紊流烟气脱硫塔的上部，烟气出口 5位于除雾区4的上方的塔壁上；脱硫区3包括三层浆液喷淋层和用以改变烟气流动规律的变流装置9，三层浆液喷淋层由上至下依次为第三浆液喷淋层6、第二浆液喷淋层7和第一浆液喷淋层8，变流装置9设置于第二浆液喷淋层7和第三浆液喷淋层6之间；除雾区4包括一或多级除雾器。
[0023] 优选地，三层浆液喷淋层中任一浆液喷淋层包括:浆液管道12和多个喷嘴13，喷嘴13用于喷出浆液管道12里的浆液。喷嘴的朝向可以朝上，还可以同时朝上朝下，为了得到较佳的喷淋效果，在本实施例中喷嘴的朝向向下。
[0024] 优选地，为了得到较佳的除雾效果，同时降低成本，除雾区4包括两级除雾器，两级除雾器由上至下依次为第一级除雾器10和第二级除雾器11。
[0025] 优选地，变流装置9包括多个变流单元，变流单元包括筒体14和设置于筒体14内部的漩涡片15，漩涡片15用于改变烟气流动规律。更优选地，漩涡片15与筒体14轴向的夹角为5〜85°。
[0026] 当筒体14直径为25〜2000毫米，漩涡片15的片数为2〜12片时，变流效果更好。
[0027] 由于烟气进入强制紊流烟气脱硫塔时改变了气体流动方向，造成气流不稳，为了得到均匀稳定的气流，优选地，脱硫区3还包括设置于第一浆液喷淋层8的下方的导流板16，用于将烟气均匀稳定上升。更优选地，导流板16为多个，以阶梯形式均匀分布在第一浆液喷淋层8的下方，而且以一定的倾斜角度与烟气进口 I相对。参见图1，当导流板16的倾斜角度(即与水平方向的夹角Θ)为30〜60°时效果佳，为了得到最佳效果，优选的倾斜角度为45°。导流板16为耐高温材质的板状物。
[0028] 另外，作为阶梯状的排列方式可以是越靠近烟气进口 I的导流板16越位于高处(即图1所示)，也可以是越远离烟气进口 I的导流板16越位于高处，本实用新型不对此进行限定。
[0029] 在实际应用中，烟气从烟气进口 I进入到强制紊流烟气脱硫塔内，在导流板16的作用下，改变了烟气的流动方向，使得烟气能够均匀稳定地变向为上升，避免了烟气偏向一方上升，因此，导流板16的放置位置可以称为烟气入口变向段。经过导流板16变向后的烟气在上升过程中，能与第一浆液喷淋层8喷出的浆液均匀地接触，第一浆液喷淋层8喷出的浆液使烟气得到冷却并吸收小部分烟气中的二氧化硫，因此，第一浆液喷淋层8可以称为脱硫区的下层冷却段。由于烟气来自于烧结工序，温度很高，进入强制紊流烟气脱硫塔内的烟气是高温烟气，该高温烟气在与第一浆液喷淋层8喷淋出的浆液接触时带走了浆液中的水蒸气，使得第一浆液喷淋层8喷淋出的浆液组成成分发生变化，因此吸收烟气中的二氧化硫效果较差，只能吸收小部分烟气中的二氧化硫。
[0030] 然后，烟气继续上升，与第二浆液喷淋层7喷出的浆液接触，第二浆液喷淋层7喷出的浆液进一步对烟气进行冷却，第二浆液喷淋层7喷出的浆液在与烟气接触时，浆液为新鲜的脱硫剂浆液，相对第一浆液喷淋层8而言，第二浆液喷淋层7更能有效地吸收烟气中的部分二氧化硫，因此第二浆液喷淋层可以称为脱硫区的中层吸收段。
[0031] 经过第一浆液喷淋层8和第二浆液喷淋层7后，烟气能够到达最佳的反应温度(65-75 °C )和蒸汽饱和度，为烟气与浆液充分混合反应提供了条件。
[0032] 然后，烟气继续上升，在变流装置9中漩涡片15的作用下，改变烟气的流动规律，强制使烟气产生强烈的紊流，从而使烟气与浆液更充分地接触。流动规律为紊流的烟气在与第三浆液喷淋层6喷出的浆液接触时，能最大限度的吸收掉烟气中的二氧化硫，提高了脱硫效率。
[0033] 在实际中，可以将变流装置9和第三浆液喷淋层6称为脱硫区的上层主要吸收反应段。
[0034] 经过第三浆液喷淋层6后的烟气继续上升，在除雾区4经过第二级除雾器11和第一级除雾器10以去除烟气中的液滴，然后烟气从烟气出口 5排出，排出的烟气二氧化硫很低，满足排放标准，减少了对大气的污染。
[0035] 下面列举一个采用上述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔进行烟气脱硫的效果例，待脱硫烟气的二氧化硫含量为8000mg/Nm3，经上述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔脱硫后，烟气出口 5处的烟气中二氧化硫的含量小于200mg/Nm3，达到了排放标准，在实际中可以根据具体需求，二氧化硫的含量可达到50mg/Nm3以下。而且烟气刚进入脱硫塔内时的温度是110_120°C，经过第一喷淋层和第二喷淋层喷淋后的得到的烟气最佳反应温度是65-75°C。
[0036] 综上所述，本实用新型通过在强制紊流烟气脱硫塔的烟气入口处增加导流板，使得烟气进入强制紊流烟气脱硫塔后能够均匀稳定变向，避免了烟气偏向一方上升，使气液接触更均匀；第一浆液喷淋层和第二浆液喷淋层在与烟气接触过程中，对烟气进行降温以达到最佳的降温(最佳的反应温度)效果，同时还能使烟气达到最佳的蒸汽饱和度效果；增加了变流装置，改变了烟气的流动规律，强制使烟气产生强烈的紊流，从而使得在低液气比的情况下烟气在进入第三浆液喷淋层时，能与喷淋出的浆液充分接触，最大限度的吸收烟气中的二氧化硫，提闻脱硫效率。
[0037] 以上所述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本实用新型，凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，包括:位于所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔底部的浆液池、位于所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔中部的脱硫区、位于所述强制紊流烟气脱硫塔上部的除雾区、位于所述脱硫区底部的塔壁上的烟气进口和位于所述除雾区上方的塔壁上的烟气出口 ；该强制紊流烟气脱硫塔的特征在于， 所述脱硫区包括三层浆液喷淋层和用以改变烟气流动规律的变流装置，所述三层浆液喷淋层由上至下依次为第三浆液喷淋层、第二浆液喷淋层和第一浆液喷淋层，所述变流装置位于所述第二浆液喷淋层和所述第三浆液喷淋层之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，其特征在于， 所述三层浆液喷淋层中任一浆液喷淋层包括:浆液管道和多个喷嘴，所述喷嘴用于喷出所述浆液管道里的浆液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，其特征在于， 所述喷嘴朝向为向下。
4.根据权利要求1所述的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，其特征在于， 所述除雾区包括一级或多级除雾器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，其特征在于， 所述变流装置包括:多个变流单元，所述变流单元包括筒体和位于所述筒体内的漩涡片，所述漩涡片用于改变烟气流动规律。
6.根据权利要求5所述的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，其特征在于， 所述漩涡片与所述筒体轴向的夹角为5〜85°。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，其特征在于，所述筒体直径为25〜2000毫米，所述漩涡片的片数为2〜12片。
8.根据权利要求1所述的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，其特征在于， 所述脱硫区还包括导流板，所述导流板设置于所述第一浆液喷淋层的下方，用于使烟气均匀稳定上升。
9.根据权利要求8所述的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，其特征在于， 所述导流板为多个，以阶梯形式均匀分布在所述第一浆液喷淋层的下方，而且以一定的倾斜角度与所述烟气进口相对。
10.根据权利要求9所述的强制紊流烟气脱硫塔，其特征在于， 所述倾斜角度为所述导流板与水平方向的夹角，该夹角为30〜60°。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103521066A (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-22 | 北京中航泰达科技有限公司 | 强制紊流烟气脱硫塔 |
| CN104307352A (zh) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 上海龙净环保科技工程有限公司 | 一种高效脱硫净化的提效环及塔内提效结构 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103521066A (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-22 | 北京中航泰达科技有限公司 | 强制紊流烟气脱硫塔 |
| CN103521066B (zh) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-12-30 | 北京中航泰达环保科技股份有限公司 | 强制紊流烟气脱硫塔 |
| CN104307352A (zh) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-01-28 | 上海龙净环保科技工程有限公司 | 一种高效脱硫净化的提效环及塔内提效结构 |
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