CN203498342U - 一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置 - Google Patents

一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置 Download PDF

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CN203498342U
CN203498342U CN201320609147.1U CN201320609147U CN203498342U CN 203498342 U CN203498342 U CN 203498342U CN 201320609147 U CN201320609147 U CN 201320609147U CN 203498342 U CN203498342 U CN 203498342U
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heat exchanger
outlet
shale gas
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穆云飞
龚晓科
赵小红
李虎生
李志�
刘云辉
唐刚
石祖祥
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Ningxia Kai Tian Gas Development Co ltd
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YINCHUAN TIANJIA ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
    • F25J1/025—Details related to the refrigerant production or treatment, e.g. make-up supply from feed gas itself
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air

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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置。其特点是：包括氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统，该氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统包括膨胀机（9）和压缩机（5），而其中膨胀机（9）的出口通过管路依次与二级换热器（2）、一级换热器（1）以及该压缩机（5）的入口连通，在一级换热器（1）上分别设有页岩气进口和页岩气出口，而在二级换热器（2）上分别设有液化天然气进口和液化天然气出口，其中页岩气出口通过节流阀（3）与气液分离罐（4）连通，该气液分离罐（4）的液体出口与液化天然气进口连通。本实用新型公开了一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置，能将页岩气生产为液化天然气（LNG），便于页岩气的运输和利用。

Description

一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置。
背景技术
页岩气作为一种非常规油气资源，随着勘探开发技术的进步将成为绿色能源开发新领域，为常规油气资源的不足提供重要的补充。由于页岩气井多处于偏远地区，不具备管道输送条件，而页岩气中含大量甲烷，甲烷被冷却为液体后体积缩小为气体体积的1/600，密度增大600倍，可采用汽车运输。因此就地利用页岩气生产成液化天然气（LNG）可解决偏远地区页岩气输送问题。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是提供一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置，能够将页岩气变为液化天然气从而方便储存和运输。
一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置，其特别之处在于：包括氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统，该氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统包括膨胀机和压缩机，而其中膨胀机的出口通过管路依次与二级换热器、一级换热器以及该压缩机的入口连通，在一级换热器上分别设有页岩气进口和页岩气出口，而在二级换热器上分别设有液化天然气进口和液化天然气出口，其中页岩气出口通过节流阀与气液分离罐连通，该气液分离罐的液体出口与液化天然气进口连通，而其气体出口通过管路与一级换热器的闪蒸汽入口连通，该一级换热器的闪蒸汽出口直接与大气连通或通过阀门与前述压缩机的入口连通。
其中氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统还包括增压端、一级冷却器和二级冷却器，其中一级冷却器的入口与压缩机的出口连通，而该一级冷却器的出口通过管路依次与增压端、二级冷却器、一级换热器连通后再与膨胀机的进口连通。
本实用新型公开了一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置，通过氮甲烷膨胀制冷原理对净化后的页岩气进行冷却处理，能将页岩气生产为液化天然气（LNG），便于页岩气的运输和利用，同时利用页岩气生产LNG过程中分离得到的气体补充制冷剂，不用专门配备制冷剂，使本装置具有较强的环境适应性，解决了偏远地区页岩气无法利用的缺陷。
附图说明
附图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本实用新型是一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置，包括氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统，该氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统包括膨胀机9和压缩机5，而其中膨胀机9的出口通过管路依次与二级换热器2、一级换热器1以及该压缩机5的入口连通，在一级换热器1上分别设有页岩气进口和页岩气出口，而在二级换热器2上分别设有液化天然气进口和液化天然气出口，其中页岩气出口通过节流阀3与气液分离罐4（的进口）连通，该气液分离罐4的液体出口与液化天然气进口连通，而该气液分离罐4的气体出口通过管路与一级换热器1的闪蒸汽入口连通，该一级换热器1的闪蒸汽出口直接与大气连通，或者通过阀门10（制冷剂补充阀）与前述压缩机5的入口连通。
其中氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统还包括增压端7、一级冷却器6和二级冷却器8，其中一级冷却器6的入口与压缩机5的出口连通，而该一级冷却器6的出口通过管路依次与增压端7、二级冷却器8、一级换热器1连通后再与膨胀机9的进口连通。
本实用新型的工作原理是：
如图1所示，甲烷含量大于90%的页岩气进入一级换热器1后被冷却到-144℃以下，然后利用节流阀3将页岩气节流到绝压400KPa以下，节流后的页岩气在气液分离罐4中进行气液分离，分离出的气体经过一级换热器1复温后（通过闪蒸汽出口）可放空，也可通过阀门10进入制冷循环，作为制冷系统氮-甲烷的补充气，气液分离罐4分离出的液体通过二级换热器2冷却到-155℃以下后成为LNG流出本装置。
本装置中液化页岩气的冷量由氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统提供，氮-甲烷制冷剂在烷压缩机5中被增压后进入一级冷却器6被冷却到常温，然后进入增压端7进一步被增压后进入二级冷却器8被冷却到常温，然后进入一级换热器1被冷却后进入膨胀机9膨胀为低温低压状态，并依次进入二级换热器2和一级换热器1冷却页岩气和热氮-甲烷制冷剂（此处的“热”是指相对本装置的其它地方氮-甲烷制冷剂温度稍高）后重新进入压缩机5被增压。

Claims (2)

1.一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置，其特征在于：包括氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统，该氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统包括膨胀机（9）和压缩机（5），而其中膨胀机（9）的出口通过管路依次与二级换热器（2）、一级换热器（1）以及该压缩机（5）的入口连通，在一级换热器（1）上分别设有页岩气进口和页岩气出口，而在二级换热器（2）上分别设有液化天然气进口和液化天然气出口，其中页岩气出口通过节流阀（3）与气液分离罐（4）连通，该气液分离罐（4）的液体出口与液化天然气进口连通，而其气体出口通过管路与一级换热器（1）的闪蒸汽入口连通，该一级换热器（1）的闪蒸汽出口直接与大气连通或通过阀门（10）与前述压缩机（5）的入口连通。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置，其特征在于：其中氮甲烷膨胀制冷系统还包括增压端（7）、一级冷却器（6）和二级冷却器（8），其中一级冷却器（6）的入口与压缩机（5）的出口连通，而该一级冷却器（6）的出口通过管路依次与增压端（7）、二级冷却器（8）、一级换热器（1）连通后再与膨胀机（9）的进口连通。
CN201320609147.1U 2013-09-29 2013-09-29 一种利用页岩气生产液化天然气的装置 Expired - Lifetime CN203498342U (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106839484A (zh) * 2016-11-16 2017-06-13 深圳市燃气集团股份有限公司 一种基于co2冷媒的天然气压力能利用装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106839484A (zh) * 2016-11-16 2017-06-13 深圳市燃气集团股份有限公司 一种基于co2冷媒的天然气压力能利用装置
CN106839484B (zh) * 2016-11-16 2019-11-15 深圳市燃气集团股份有限公司 一种基于co2冷媒的天然气压力能利用装置

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