CN203296823U - Multiple-towered goose-queue-arranged solar heat collecting and generating system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a multiple-towered goose-queue-arranged solar heat collecting and generating system which comprises heat absorbing devices (1), heliostat fields (2), an evaporating device (3), a fan or a compressor (4), a steam power system (5), a water pump (6), a generator (7) and the like. The heliostat fields (2) and the heat absorbing devices (1) can be multiple according to requirements for different capacity. Compared with a solar heat utilizing system with fused salt as a working medium, the multiple-towered goose-queue-arranged solar heat collecting and generating system is simpler and can integrate heat absorbing and heat storing. Starting and stopping of the system can be fast and convenient to perform. Meanwhile, a large quantity of energy which is required to be consumed when a fused salt system is operated and maintained is saved, wherein the energy includes electric preheating and heat preserving before starting of the fused salt system. The risk of solidification of fused salt is eliminated and therefore, initial investment and operation cost of a solar thermal power generating system can be reduced and the technology of the multiple-towered goose-queue-arranged solar heat collecting and generating system can better facilitate application and popularization of the solar thermal power generating technology.

Description

A multi-tower and geese-arranged solar heat storage power generation system

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization, and in particular relates to a solar heat storage power generation system with multiple towers and geese arrays.

Background technique

Solar high-temperature thermal power generation technology is an important direction for large-scale utilization of solar energy, and it has far-reaching significance for human beings to solve problems such as fossil energy crisis and air pollution. Due to the advantages of high parameters and large capacity of solar tower focused thermal power generation, it has attracted the attention of various countries. There are many kinds of media for solar thermal power generation: water, molten salt, air, liquid metal, organic working fluid, etc. Because molten salt has the characteristics of high heat capacity, wide liquid phase temperature range, good fluidity, and strong heat storage characteristics, it is used Its research as a heat-carrying medium has attracted the attention of scholars from all over the world. However, the molten salt system also has the characteristics of complex pipelines and high freezing point. Therefore, the molten salt system has strict requirements on pipeline preheating, equipment insulation, operation and maintenance, etc., which limits the development of solar molten salt systems to a certain extent. How to improve solar heat absorption and heat storage technology to achieve the goals of reducing costs, enhancing reliability, and improving power generation efficiency has become the common pursuit of energy workers at home and abroad.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is: to provide a multi-tower, solar heat storage power generation system arranged in a geese array, which uses graphite, or metal, or other composite materials as a new type of solar thermal power generation system for heat absorption and heat storage medium, and with This system adapts to the heliostat arrangement method of multi-tower and geese array arrangement; to solve the problem of heat storage in solar energy utilization, and improve the reflection efficiency of the mirror field, so as to reduce the initial investment cost and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a multi-tower solar heat storage power generation system arranged in a geese array, the system includes a heat absorber, a heliostat field, a steam generating device, a fan or a compressor, a steam power system, and a water pump and generators, where,

The heat absorber and the heliostat field form a heat collection unit. The heat absorber receives the sunlight reflected by the heliostat field, is absorbed by the heat-absorbing material and converted into heat energy, and then transferred to the heat-carrying gas medium in the heating pipe. (such as nitrogen, helium, argon, carbon dioxide, etc.), the high-temperature gas generated by different heat-collecting units flows into the steam generating device after being collected, and releases the heat to the working medium to generate high-parameter working medium steam, which is sent to the steam power The system expands to do work, drives the generator, the heat-carrying gas is cooled by the steam generator, and is transported back to the heat absorber by the fan or compressor to complete the cycle of the heat-carrying medium circuit. The high-parameter steam is fully expanded by the steam power system and then cooled into Water is pumped back to the steam generating device to complete a cycle of the working medium;

Since the heat-absorbing material in the heat absorber has good thermal conductivity and heat capacity characteristics, except for a part of the sunlight received by it is absorbed by the heat-carrying medium, the rest is stored in the heat-absorbing material; when there is no solar radiation, it is stored in The heat energy in the heat-absorbing material is gradually released, and steam with required parameters can still be generated to maintain the normal operation of the thermal system.

Preferably, there are multiple heliostat fields and heat sinks according to different capacity requirements.

Preferably, the heat absorbing material is graphite, metal or composite material.

Preferably, the working medium is water and steam.

Preferably, a properly designed system can extend the working time of the system by 4-8 hours.

Preferably, under cloudy conditions, the high-capacity heat storage capacity can also ensure a more stable system operation.

Principle of the present utility model is:

A multi-tower and geese-arranged solar heat storage power generation system, including heat absorbers (multiple), heliostat field (multiple), steam generation system, fan or compressor, steam power system, water pump, power generation system machine etc. in:

A multi-tower and geese-arranged solar heat storage power generation system, including multiple heat collection units, each heat collection unit includes a heliostat field, heat absorption tower and other equipment, and there is a heat absorber on the top of the heat absorption tower , the heat-absorbing medium is graphite, metal or other composite materials, etc.; the heat-absorbing medium must have remarkable characteristics such as high temperature resistance, high heat capacity, and good thermal conductivity; In the absence of solar radiation, the stored heat can still maintain the stable operation of the thermal system within a certain period of time. Multiple heat collection units share a set of steam generation system, power system and power generation system; in order to adapt to the aforementioned heat collection technology, the layout of the heliostat field adopts a special arrangement: that is, a unit of heat absorption tower, heat absorption All or part of the solar collector device is embedded in the heliostat field of the previous heat collection unit. At the same time, in order to improve the efficiency of the mirror field and the utilization rate of the land, the arrangement of the mirror field adopts a geese-like arrangement method; this arrangement can effectively reduce the absorption The heat dissipation area of the heat sink can reduce the heat dissipation loss of the heat sink, and at the same time can increase the output power of a single heat collection unit.

A single heat collection unit consists of a heat absorber, a heat absorption tower, a heliostat field and related auxiliary systems. There is a certain amount of heat-absorbing material in the heat absorber, which has basic properties such as high temperature resistance and high thermal conductivity, and also has high heat capacity characteristics. According to the design characteristics of the system, a heat exchange pipeline with a certain area is designed and arranged in the above materials; in this way, part of the energy reflected by the heliostat is absorbed by the heat transfer medium (usually stable gas, such as nitrogen, helium) in the heat exchange pipeline. , argon, carbon dioxide, etc.) absorption, and some are gradually stored in the above materials. The high-temperature gas generated by multiple heat-absorbing units is collected by the pipeline and then sent to the steam generation system to generate high-parameter steam and then sent to the steam power system, which drives the generator after expansion and work. The temperature of the gas coming out of the steam generation system is lowered, and it is re-transported to each heat-absorbing unit by the fan or compressor; the steam after expansion and work is cooled and turned into water, which is re-transported to the steam generation system by the water pump; so far, the heat transfer is completed respectively. Double circulation of medium (stabilized gas) and motive medium (water and steam). Because the material in the heat absorber has good heat capacity characteristics, when there is no solar radiation, the heat stored in it can still generate high-parameter steam for a certain period of time, so that the entire thermal system can operate normally and extend the system utilization time. number, increase operational stability and other purposes.

The heat collection unit integrates heat absorption and heat storage. Compared with molten salt heat storage technology, this system is simpler, and avoids the risk of solidification that may occur in the molten salt system, eliminating the need for each start-up and shutdown of the molten salt system The energy consumption for preheating and heat preservation; because the system has the characteristics of adapting to the periodicity of solar energy, the start and stop of the system are more flexible.

In the utility model, heat absorption and heat storage are combined into one; in order to improve the heat storage capacity of the system, usually only the quality of the heat storage material is increased, but this will be limited by the support structure of the heat absorption tower; at the same time, due to The heat storage process of the heat storage material is realized through the heat conduction process, so the increase of the heat flux density will lead to the expansion of the temperature difference between different layers of the heat storage material, which will affect the heat storage capacity of the material and the design of the internal heat exchange pipeline. Therefore, to increase the output power of the entire system, it is an inevitable choice to adopt a multi-tower approach. On the other hand, for this type of heat-absorbing and heat-storing structure, the light-receiving surface of the heat absorber usually has a very high temperature (1500°C or higher) during normal operation, resulting in the loss of heat dissipation to the environment through heat absorption. High (radiation heat dissipation is proportional to the fourth power of temperature), so a heat sink with excellent performance should have a small light-receiving area, and single-sided light-receiving becomes an inevitable choice.

According to the characteristics of the above-mentioned technical route, the utility model adopts a multi-tower and wild goose array heliostat field arrangement method, and its notable feature is that all or part of the heat absorbers corresponding to the heliostat field are embedded in the previous group In the mirror field of the heat collecting unit, and according to the shape characteristics of the heat absorber surface, the heliostats are distributed and arranged in the shape of wild goose wings with different angles. For a solar system that receives light from one side, the heat absorber and the mirror field are usually arranged in a north-south direction; corresponding to the solar thermal power generation system in the northern hemisphere, the heat absorption tower is placed in the south, the heliostat field is placed in the north, and the heat absorption surface is arranged facing the heliostat field . Except for the heat absorber corresponding to the front row of heat collecting units, the rest of the heat absorbers are fully or partially embedded in the mirror field of the previous heat absorbing unit, and multiple heat absorbing units in the same column are connected end to end, as if a row of southward flying geese. When the surface of the heat absorber is designed as a plane, in order to ensure that the reflected light of the heliostat has a certain incident angle on the heat absorbing surface, the end of the wingspan of the heliostat field has a certain bending angle backward; if the section of the light receiving surface For the arc shape, the bending angle can be reduced or even equal to zero, so that the heliostat field evolves into a rectangular array. This arrangement reduces the constraints on the large-scale layout of the heliostat field, can increase the power output of a single collector unit, and can reduce the cosine effect of the mirror field, improving the efficiency of the mirror field and the level of land use.

The multi-tower and geese-arranged solar heat storage power generation system of the utility model has the following remarkable features:

(1) The utility model integrates the heat absorption and heat storage of solar energy, uses graphite, metal or other composite materials as the heat-absorbing medium, absorbs the solar energy reflected by the heliostat, produces a high-temperature heat-carrying medium, and uses it for subsequent in the thermal power generation process. At the same time, because the heat-absorbing medium has good heat capacity and thermal conductivity, it can continue to provide heat energy for a certain period of time without solar radiation, so that the entire system can maintain stable operation and extend the working time of the thermal power generation system.

(2) For the heat collection system in which the heat absorption and heat storage are integrated in the present utility model, since the medium in the heat absorber works at a relatively high temperature (1500°C or even higher), it will lead to a relatively high heat dissipation loss . When designing the heat sink, it is hoped that the surface of the heat sink has a small open area, so the design of single-sided light-receiving type has become an inevitable choice. In order to adapt to the design of this single-side light-receiving heat absorber, the utility model adopts a multi-tower, geese array mirror field layout method, which can increase the power of a single heat-absorbing unit and improve the reflection of the mirror field rate and land use rate.

(3) The above-mentioned system of this utility model is simpler than the solar heat utilization system using molten salt as the working medium, heat absorption and heat storage are integrated, and the start and stop of the system is quick and convenient; at the same time, the molten salt is also omitted The large amount of energy that must be consumed during the operation and maintenance of the system (such as electric preheating and heat preservation before the start of the molten salt system) eliminates the risk of molten salt solidification. Therefore, the initial investment and operating costs of the solar thermal power generation system can be reduced. Therefore, this technology is more conducive to the application and promotion of solar thermal power generation technology.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the multi-tower solar heat storage power generation system arranged in a wild goose formation according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

Further illustrate the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model multi-tower, geese-arranged solar heat storage power generation system includes a heat absorber 1, a heliostat field 2, a steam generating device 3, a fan or a compressor 4, a steam power system 5, and a water pump 6. Generator 7, etc. Among them, there will be multiple heliostat field 2 and heat sink 1 according to different capacity requirements.

The normal work flow of the present utility model comprises as follows:

The heat absorber 1 and the heliostat field 2 form a heat collection unit, and the heat absorber 1 receives the sunlight reflected by the heliostat field 2, and is absorbed and transformed by the heat-absorbing materials (such as graphite, metal, composite materials, etc.) The heat energy is converted into heat energy, and then transferred to the heat-carrying gas medium (such as nitrogen, helium, argon, carbon dioxide, etc.) in the heating pipeline. The high-temperature gas generated by different heat-collecting units flows into the steam generator 3 after collection, releases heat to the working medium (water/steam), generates high-parameter steam, and sends it to the steam power system 5 to expand and do work, driving the generator 7 . The high-temperature gas is cooled by the steam generating device 3 and then transported back to the heat absorber 1 by the fan or compressor 4 to complete the cycle of the heat-carrying medium circuit. The high-parameter steam is fully expanded by the steam power system 5 and then cooled into water, which is transported back to the steam generator 3 by the water pump 6 to complete a cycle of the working medium.

Since the heat-absorbing material in the heat absorber 1 has good thermal conductivity and heat capacity characteristics, part of the sunlight received by it is absorbed by the heat-carrying medium, and the rest is stored in the heat-absorbing material. When there is no solar radiation, the heat energy stored in the heat-absorbing material is gradually released, and steam with required parameters can still be generated to maintain the normal operation of the thermal system; a properly designed system can extend the working time of the system by 4-8 hours. Similarly, under cloudy conditions, the high-capacity heat storage capacity can also ensure that the system works more stably.

Aiming at the characteristics of the above-mentioned thermal system, the utility model adopts a multi-tower and mirror field arranged in a geese array. Its notable feature is: in each heat collecting unit, the heat absorber (including heat absorbing tower, etc.) are all or partially embedded in the mirror field of the previous group of heat collecting units, and according to the shape characteristics of the heat absorber surface, the distribution of the heliostat mirror field is arranged in a goose-wing shape with different angles. In the above system, the heat absorber and the mirror field are usually arranged in a north-south direction, corresponding to the solar thermal power generation system in the northern hemisphere, the heat absorbing tower is placed in the south, the heliostat field is placed in the north, and the heat absorbing surface is arranged facing the heliostat field, which can Reduce the influence of the cosine effect of the heliostat, so that the efficiency of the mirror field can be improved. In this example system, the heat absorber adopts a planar type. In order to ensure that the incident angle of the reflected light irradiating the surface of the heat absorber is within a reasonable range, the heliostat field of the airfoil arrangement has a certain angle of bending at the outer end. ; An appropriate amount of space is left between the mirror fields of different units for the arrangement of heat-carrying medium pipelines, etc. This layout method can improve the efficiency of the heliostat field and improve the utilization rate of the land.

The multi-tower and geese-arranged solar heat storage power generation system uses graphite, metal, or composite materials as the heat-absorbing medium, and combines heat absorption and heat storage into one, which can greatly simplify the solar heat storage system. Make the start and stop of the system faster, and effectively extend the working time of the system; at the same time, the multi-tower and geese array mirror field arrangement method can reduce the cosine effect of the mirror field, improve the reflection efficiency of the heliostat, and increase the output power of a single tower . Compared with the solar molten salt heat absorption system, this system also has significant advantages such as relatively low technical difficulty, low risk, and low investment. It is believed that with the support of the national new energy industry policy, this technology has a bright future.

The parts not elaborated in this utility model belong to the known technology in the art.

Although the specific embodiment of the utility model has been described above, so that those skilled in the art can understand the utility model, it should be clear that the utility model is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiment, and those of ordinary skill in the art Speaking, as long as the various changes are within the spirit and scope of the utility model defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concepts of the utility model are included in the protection list.

Claims (4)

1. A multi-tower and geese-arranged solar heat storage power generation system, characterized in that the system includes a heat absorber (1), a heliostat field (2), a steam generating device (3), a fan or a compressor (4), steam power system (5), water pump (6) and generator (7), wherein, The heat absorber (1) and the heliostat field (2) constitute a heat collecting unit, the heat absorber (1) receives the sunlight reflected by the heliostat field (2), and is absorbed by the heat absorbing material in it and converted into heat energy , and then transferred to the heat-carrying gas medium in the heating pipeline. The heat-carrying gas medium is nitrogen, helium, argon or carbon dioxide. Released to the working medium to generate high-parameter working medium steam, which is sent to the steam power system (5) to expand and do work, driving the generator (7), and the high-temperature gas medium is cooled by the steam generating device (3), and is cooled by the fan or compressor ( 4) Send it back to the heat absorber (1) to complete the cycle of the heat-carrying medium circuit. The high-parameter steam is fully expanded by the steam power system (5) and then cooled into water, which is sent back to the steam generator (3) by the water pump (6). , to complete a cycle of the working medium; Since the heat-absorbing material in the heat absorber (1) has good thermal conductivity and heat capacity characteristics, except for a part of the sunlight received by it is absorbed by the heat-carrying medium, the rest is stored in the heat-absorbing material; when there is no solar radiation , the heat energy stored in the heat-absorbing material is gradually released, and steam with required parameters can still be generated to maintain the normal operation of the thermal system. the 2. The multi-tower and geese-arranged solar heat storage power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the heliostat field (2) and the heat absorber (1) will contain multiple indivual. the 3. The multi-tower and geese-arranged solar heat storage power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-absorbing material is graphite, metal or composite material. the 4. The multi-tower and geese array solar heat storage power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the working medium is water and steam. the

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