CN203203650U - Automatic calibrating device for measuring capacity of irregular ship cabin - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic capacity verification device for an irregular ship cabin, which is characterized in that: an automatic capacity verification device for an irregular ship cabin, which is characterized in that it includes a water delivery pipeline, and the water delivery pipeline is sequentially It is equipped with a pressure reducing and stabilizing valve (4), a pressure transmitter (6), a flow meter (8), a solenoid valve (9), and a first temperature transmitter (10); The liquid level gauge (12), the second temperature transmitter (13); the control system is respectively connected with the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve (4), the pressure transmitter (6), the flow meter (8), the solenoid valve ( 9), the first temperature transmitter (10), liquid level gauge (12), and the second temperature transmitter (13) are connected. The utility model reduces the labor intensity of operators, improves the work efficiency by more than two times, and has high application value.

Description

An automatic capacity verification device for irregular ship cabins

technical field

The utility model relates to a capacity verification device, in particular to an automatic capacity verification device for an irregular ship cabin. the

Background technique

Capacity refers to the amount of volume or mass that can hold substances in a container, that is, the volume of space contained in the container, which can also be called volume. Volumetric measurement is the measurement of the volume of various flowable substances with a measuring device, and different heights of containers correspond to different volumes. The capacity measurement range is very wide, the small capacity can be as small as a few thousandths of a milliliter, and the large capacity can reach more than 100,000 cubic meters. For convenience, the capacity is divided into two measurement categories of large capacity and small capacity. Large-capacity measuring devices are generally metal measuring devices, and small-capacity measuring devices are generally glass containers. See Figure 1 for their classification. the

In various fields of national economic construction in daily life, a large number of measuring instruments are involved. In order to unify the national value, it is necessary to ensure the uniformity of the value of the measuring instrument, and the value to be measured must have the capacity to match the national capacity. A characteristic associated with a measurement basis. According to the requirements of the uncertainty of measuring instruments, the capacity measurement methods are also different, usually there are three methods: measurement method, direct comparison method and geometric measurement method. the

The measurement method is a method of calculating the volume of the container by measuring the mass and density of the working medium contained in the container. The direct comparison method is to use a higher-level standard measuring device to directly compare the volume of the measuring device with the help of the working medium. The geometric measurement method is to use various geometric measurement methods to measure some characteristic geometric parameters of the container through the established mathematical model, and then calculate the capacity value through calculation. In the prior art, a standard metal gauge is used to detect the capacity of the irregular ship bin, and the method of direct comparison is adopted. the

Irregular ship cabins mainly refer to fuel oil tanks, ballast water tanks, and auxiliary cabins other than cargo tanks. These cabins are characterized by complex structures, and generally do not have lines that can be described by geometric models. Measurement method for capacity measurement. The current technical method is to use standard metal gauges for value transfer. This method has the following problems:

1. Insufficient measurement accuracy: The verification work requires manual participation in the whole process, the measurement of the liquid level in the cabin is difficult, and the impact of human error is relatively large;

2. Metal measuring instruments are bulky and inconvenient to transport. The standard metal gauge is a fixed value container produced according to certain technical specifications. Its main purpose is to be fixed in the laboratory for verification or calibration. It is large in size and inconvenient for transportation and on-site use; 

3. Low verification efficiency: the measurement speed is slow, often requiring more than 6 hours of manual operation for one working cycle, the labor intensity is high, and the verification process is relatively cumbersome. the

Utility model content

The technical problem that the utility model needs to solve is:

1) The existing capacity verification of irregular ships has low work efficiency. It usually takes 1-2 months to measure the irregular liquid tanks of the entire ship, but the current ship construction cycle in my country is only about 6 months, which will affect the construction speed of ship construction;

2) The labor intensity is high, and it needs to consume a lot of manpower and material costs. In the existing technology, the standard measuring instruments originally used in the laboratory are transported to the ship construction site for use, and trucks must be used to carry them. The on-site work also requires manual calibration of the standard measuring instruments to ensure the accuracy of the value transfer. nature, the whole work is cumbersome and difficult for ordinary staff, and it must be operated by personnel who have been trained in professional measurement knowledge. In the process of work, it is completely dependent on manual operation, which consumes a lot of manpower and material resources. the

3) The degree of automation is low. The prior art needs manual water injection, scale adjustment, water discharge, and measurement of the liquid level in the cabin. The whole process is manually operated, and automation technology is not introduced at all. the

4) The standard metal gauges and other devices used for capacity testing are bulky and poor in portability. Due to the large size of the standard measuring instrument, several people are required to complete the fixed installation, and it also occupies a certain space on the construction site, which is poor in operability. the

5) The accuracy of measurement results is greatly affected by manual operation. Because the measurement process is completely completed by the measurement personnel, the uncertainty of manual operation and subjective errors will cause errors in the measurement results. the

The utility model has adopted the following technical solutions:

An automatic verification method for the capacity of irregular ship cabins. The pressure water source passes through the water delivery pipeline through the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4, after the pressure is reduced and stabilized, the flow is measured by the flow meter 8, and then the first temperature transmitter 10 Carry out temperature measurement, flow into described irregular ship cabin; Utilize pressure transmitter 6 to detect the outlet water pressure of pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4; Utilize liquid level gauge 12 to carry out real-time measurement to the liquid level in irregular ship cabin; Utilize The second temperature transmitter 13 measures the liquid temperature in the irregular cabin in real time; the control system is connected with the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4, the pressure transmitter 6, the flow meter 8, the first and second temperature transmitters 10, 13. Perform real-time communication between the liquid level gauges 12, and control the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4 according to the pressure electrical signal of the pressure transmitter 6 to adjust the water pressure; the control system is based on the flow data measured by the flowmeter 8 and The liquid level height measured by the liquid level gauge 12 is used to obtain the volume corresponding to the liquid level in the ship cabin, and the volume is corrected according to the temperature difference between the first and second temperature transmitters 10 and 13 . the

The filter 3 is used to filter the water flow before the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4 . the

The exhaust valve 3 is arranged before the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4 for exhausting. the

The flow meter 8 and another flow meter 8' form a parallel connection of larger and smaller flow dual water flow channels, and the control system performs flow/close control on the dual water flow channels, and one of the dual water flow channels flows or both closure. the

One of the dual water flow channels can perform intermittent or continuous flow. the

A verification device corresponding to an automatic capacity verification method for an irregular ship cabin, including a water delivery pipeline, on which a pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4, a pressure transmitter 6, a flow meter 8, and a solenoid valve are sequentially arranged 9. The first temperature transmitter 10; also includes a liquid level gauge 12 arranged in the cabin of the ship to be tested, and a second temperature transmitter 13; the control system is connected with the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4 and the pressure transmitter respectively 6. Flowmeter 8, solenoid valve 9, first temperature transmitter 10, liquid level gauge 12, and second temperature transmitter 13 are connected. the

A filter 2 and an exhaust valve 3 are also included, and the filter 2 and the exhaust valve 3 are sequentially connected to the front end of the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4 . the

A verification device corresponding to an automatic capacity verification method for an irregular ship cabin, including a water delivery pipeline, on which a pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4, a pressure transmitter 6, a flow meter 8, and a tee Reversing valve 14, the first temperature transmitter 10; Also comprise the liquid level gauge 12 that is arranged in the cabin of the ship to be tested, the second temperature transmitter 13; Transmitter 6, flowmeter 8, three-way reversing valve 14, first temperature transmitter 10, liquid level gauge 12, and second temperature transmitter 13 are connected; flowmeter 8 is connected in parallel with another flowmeter 8' The larger and smaller flow dual water flow passages are combined and then divided into double water injection passages through the three-way reversing valve 14 and injected into the cabin of the ship to be tested. the

A filter 2 and an exhaust valve 3 are also included, and the filter 2 and the exhaust valve 3 are sequentially connected to the front end of the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4 . the

The utility model is characterized in that: the utility model has developed an automatic verification device for the capacity of irregular ship cabins aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art. The device is an automatic capacity verification device based on the flow measurement method. The technical principle of obtaining the capacity of the verified container is obtained by measuring the cumulative value of the amount of fluid flowing through a certain cross-section. Through the combination of various measuring instruments and the self-developed software system, the automatic control and acquisition of multiple signals such as flow, liquid level, temperature, and pressure are realized, and the original data can be calculated in real time, and finally the volume and liquid level can be obtained automatically. A corresponding chart. Among them, there are two temperature signals, which are the water temperature passing through the flowmeter and the water temperature in the cabin of the ship to be measured. Since the water temperature has an impact on the water flow volume, the water flow volume is automatically corrected according to these two water temperatures, so as to obtain a more accurate signal. for the exact volume. the

The high accuracy of capacity verification greatly simplifies the working steps of the operator, reduces labor intensity, improves the measurement speed, shortens the verification time, and overcomes the problems in the past. In addition, each valve, connecting pipeline, filter element, and detection element of the hardware part of the utility model realize a detachable assembly structure, realize the working mode of disassembly, packing, transportation, and on-site assembly, and solve the problem of the original standard metal measuring device. The problem of inconvenient transportation of devices. Field tests have proved that the utility model can meet the capacity measurement requirements of irregular ship cabins, and has high detection accuracy, convenient debugging, and high degree of automation. It is a new type of verification device that is convenient to use, and greatly reduces The labor intensity of tank capacity detection. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the classification of container types. the

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the connecting parts when the automatic capacity verification device for the irregular ship cabin of the utility model uses a single water flow channel. the

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the connecting parts when the capacity automatic verification device of the irregular ship cabin of the utility model uses double water flow channels. the

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the dual water flow channels using a three-way reversing valve. the

Fig. 5 is a connection schematic diagram when a solenoid valve is provided in each of the dual water flow channels. the

Fig. 6 is a structural block diagram of the capacity automatic verification device of the irregular ship cabin of the utility model. the

(a) and (b) in Fig. 7 are schematic diagrams of the two working modes of continuous flow for water injection and intermittent flow for water injection, respectively. the

Among them, 1. Variable diameter flange, 2. Filter, 3. Exhaust valve, 4. Pressure reducing and stabilizing valve, 5. Rectifier plate, 6. Pressure transmitter, 7. Manual valve, 8. Flow meter, 8', another flow meter, 9, solenoid valve, 9', another solenoid valve, 10, the first temperature transmitter, 11, irregular ship cabin to be detected, 12, liquid level gauge, 13, the second Temperature transmitter, 14. Three-way reversing valve. the

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the utility model is further described. the

Embodiment (1):

Referring to Figure 2, the whole device consists of two parts, the pipeline part and the control system. The measuring pipeline can be combined and installed according to the specific requirements of the on-site measuring environment, and used in sections and modules; the control system is composed of a control box and a software system, connected to multiple measuring instruments through a cable, and then connected to the computer by a data cable with an RJ45 interface , run the software system to operate and monitor the entire measurement process. After the data collection is completed, the data can be processed, analyzed and calculated directly until the verification report is output. the

According to the development process, the device can be divided into two parts: hardware development and software development. The technical route of hardware development mainly includes device design, custom processing, installation and debugging, test verification and improvement; the technical route of software development mainly includes software function design, overall architecture design, module design, program writing, program joint debugging and overall testing. the

Referring to Fig. 2, "water source" is a pressurized water source with a certain water pressure, and a fire hydrant is used. The fire hydrant is connected to the detachable water delivery pipeline, and the water delivery pipeline is sequentially connected with variable diameter flange 1, filter 2, exhaust valve 3, pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 4, pressure transmitter 6, manual valve 7, flow A meter 8, a solenoid valve 9, a first temperature transmitter 10, and the water flow in the water delivery pipeline are injected into the cabin 11 of an irregular ship to be detected. Among them, the filter 2 is used to filter the impurities in the water to prevent the impurities from causing damage to the pressure reducing and stabilizing valves and flow meters on the water flow channel, and the exhaust valve 3 is used to discharge the air in the water flow so that the flow meter 8 can detect the result. More accurately, the pressure transmitter 6 feeds back the water pressure at the water outlet of the decompression regulator 4 to the control system, and the control system automatically adjusts the water outlet pressure of the decompression and pressure regulator valve 4 according to the water pressure, so as to provide detection components such as the subsequent flowmeter 8. Stable water pressure is provided, and the rectifying plate 5 is used to further filter impurities in the water flow. Solenoid valve 9 and manual valve 7 are used for closing water flow. The irregular ship cabin 11 to be detected is provided with a liquid level gauge 12 and a second temperature sensor 13, which are used for real-time monitoring of liquid level height and water temperature in the irregular ship cabin 11 to be detected. the

Considering that the water temperature flowing through the flowmeter 8 and the water temperature in the irregular ship cabin 11 to be detected may have a temperature difference, and the temperature difference will change the volume of the water body, thereby causing inaccurate measurement, so by setting the first, The second temperature transmitters 10 and 13 respectively measure the water temperature at the above two places, correct the measured capacity by software, and finally output the corrected capacity-liquid level chart. The calculation formula for correcting the influence of the temperature difference on the water volume is the prior art, and will not be repeated in this embodiment. the

Referring to Figure 7, the first thing to consider in software design is the working mode of the verification device. According to different calibration time and precision requirements, two working modes are designed. One is the continuous working mode, as shown in Figure 7-a. In this mode, water is continuously injected into the irregular ship cabin 11 to be detected during the working process, and the control system records the cumulative flow and the corresponding liquid level in real time. Value, calculate and draw capacity tables. This working mode requires short calibration time and high efficiency, and is suitable for occasions requiring fast calibration. Another working mode is the stepping working mode, as shown in Figure 7-b, in this mode, it is necessary to pre-set a set of estimated component volumes or liquid level intervals, and inject a predetermined amount of medium each time during the working process Finally, the system automatically closes the valve and waits for a time delay to stabilize the liquid level, and then reads the corresponding liquid level height. After the end of one measurement, enter the injection, delay and measurement of the next predetermined component of the same group, and repeat this process until the entire calibration work is completed. In this working mode, the liquid level stability obtained by the system is higher, and higher liquid level measurement accuracy can be obtained. the

In terms of use and installation, it adopts a modular hardware structure, which is divided into five sub-components: flow measurement module, pressure measurement module, temperature measurement module, automatic valve module and stable platform. At the measurement site, it can be installed and used in combination according to the specific conditions of the external environment, and there is no special requirement for the installation site. During the transportation, they are separated and packed for transportation, which solves the problem of inconvenient transportation. In terms of software operation, the user only needs to set the initial instrument parameters, and then click the start button to perform automatic measurement. When the preset relevant parameters are reached, the device will stop working and wait for the next command before choosing whether to continue. The user experience is very good . the

In terms of selecting the material of the device, the R&D personnel also conducted an analysis and comparison. First of all, according to the design requirements of conventional electromechanical equipment, metal materials with good structural strength and low cost are used. However, due to the portability of the device, if all conventional materials are used, the weight of the whole device may reach more than 200kg, which will cause great difficulty in handling. Therefore, after a comprehensive comparison, the R&D personnel decided to adopt ultra-thin contract stainless steel material. The use of this material can not only ensure the stable operation of the device during the measurement process, but also control the total weight of the device within 100kg, and the weight of a single room is less than 20kg. In this way, the problem of processing materials is solved. the

According to the working mode, design the corresponding software module. Including flow meter control, selection of different working modes, valve control and feedback, process control and other functions, data acquisition of temperature sensor and pressure sensor, calibration and data acquisition of liquid level meter, data preprocessing, gross error elimination, Fitting of two-dimensional data curve, interpolation processing of fitting data, data calculation from line to point, automatic generation of verification report and other functions. the

Embodiment (two):

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment (1) lies in the use of dual water flow channels, each equipped with a flow meter for water injection, see Fig. 3-Fig. 5 . Based on a large number of on-site work experience and technical requirements, the R&D personnel believe that it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of on-site measurement, but also to be easy to carry, and to reduce manual intervention as much as possible in the operation process. According to these ideas, a dual-channel measuring pipeline is designed. This design idea is to take into account the change of the structure shape of the object to be verified with the change of the liquid level height, the bottom space is small, and the liquid level changes greatly, so the small diameter measuring pipeline is used, and the Coriolis mass flow rate is used at the same time. meter to reduce the measurement error caused by the flow rate. When the liquid level rises to the middle height, the change of the liquid level also tends to be stable. At this time, switch to the large-diameter measurement channel. This channel uses a turbine flowmeter, which has a faster measurement speed and can effectively improve work efficiency. When the liquid level is close to the highest point, switch to the small diameter measurement channel, reduce the flow rate, and make the liquid level rise to the highest point slowly. This measurement method can not only ensure the accuracy of the measurement results, but also greatly reduce the measurement time. the

In conjunction with above-mentioned two embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail as follows:

1) This utility model proposes a set of rapid measurement method of dynamic capacity based on the flow-liquid level method, which realizes the measurement of the volume of the ship's irregular liquid tank. Although the measurement accuracy of the traditional volumetric comparison method is very high, the cost of manpower and material resources is relatively high, which limits the scope of application of the volumetric method. The rapid measurement technology of dynamic capacity based on the flow-level method developed in this project solves the shortcomings of the capacity comparison method well. Use a flow meter to measure the cumulative flow, and cooperate with the liquid level meter to measure the liquid level in the ship's cabin. The entire measurement process and subsequent data processing are automatically completed by the computer. The measurement work can be completed with very little manual intervention, and it can achieve what cannot be done manually. The measurement problems of small cabins and irregular ship cabins have made up for the gaps in this field. the

2) This utility model designs a high-precision photoelectric reflective liquid level gauge suitable for liquid tanks at different heights, which can not only cover the liquid level measurement within the range of 0-30m, and the measurement accuracy is less than ±1.5mm, but also can effectively eliminate liquid Error effects caused by surface fluctuations. The measurement of ship tank capacity is not only the measurement of volume, but also the measurement of the corresponding liquid level. According to the different characteristics of the reference height of each ship cabin, the R&D personnel used a high-precision photoelectric reflective liquid level gauge suitable for different reference heights. The liquid level gauge is based on the principle of photoelectric reflection and can be easily installed with On the top of the metering port, and according to the site conditions, a three-point support adjustment mechanism is designed to ensure the vertical angle of laser directivity. In addition, Modbus digital signal output can facilitate the realization of digital real-time monitoring and automatic measurement. Combined with the experimental environment, an explosion-proof casing is also processed to cope with the on-site measurement environment. After experimental verification, the liquid level gauge can cover the measurement range of 0-30m. the

3) This utility model has developed a set of portable and quickly assembled volume metering devices, which can realize rapid assembly in complex on-site environments, improve on-site work efficiency, and break through the application range of flow metering; in order to realize portable on-site metering work methods , the R&D personnel designed a portable and assembled pipeline structure in the early stage of developing the device. The whole test pipeline is divided into fixed bench, filter pipeline, standard flowmeter pipeline, electric control valve pipeline, exhaust pipeline and temperature and pressure measurement pipeline and other parts. The various parts are connected by quick interfaces, and rubber gaskets are installed in the middle, which is convenient for installation and reliable and durable. Use the fixed platform of the tripod structure to erect each part of the pipeline, and then quickly connect to form a verification device; there are standard flanges at both ends of the filter pipeline, which can be connected to the water inlet and flowmeter; in the standard flowmeter tube The road section adopts a dual-channel pipeline design according to the flow range and pipe diameter, and uses a variable-diameter pipeline to connect the flowmeter, and a 1.5m long straight pipe section is left in the front section where the flowmeter is installed to ensure accurate measurement of the flowmeter The electric regulating valve pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are installed at the front end of the flowmeter measurement pipeline, which can realize the effect of controlling the liquid flow rate and eliminating the influence of the gas; the temperature and pressure measurement pipeline is connected to the rear end of the flowmeter side face pipeline , in order to measure the temperature and pressure changes at the flowmeter in real time. Through the split-type design and the realization of the connection method of rapid on-site assembly, the device can realize capacity measurement in a complex and changeable field environment, breaking through the limitation that flow measurement calibration can only be carried out in the laboratory in the past, and expanding The working range of flow metering. the

4) A liquid level-capacity measurement method with variable sampling frequency is proposed. According to the change of the liquid flow rate through the flowmeter, the sampling cycle is corrected in real time to achieve the purpose of synchronous measurement of the corrected flow rate and liquid level. In order to solve the problem of asynchronous flow measurement and liquid level measurement, the researchers proposed a measurement method with variable sampling frequency. Position delay measurement time, constantly adjust the sampling data cycle of the software, in order to achieve the purpose of synchronous measurement of flow and liquid level. The advantage of this method is that the sampling frequency can be corrected in real time. During the measurement process, the data of flow velocity, flow rate and cumulative flow are often obtained first, then the data of temperature and pressure are obtained, and finally the data of liquid level are obtained. The temperature and pressure data only participate in the calculation of the correction amount, and the flow data is prior to the liquid level data. Therefore, the project team calculates the delay time corresponding to each cumulative flow sampling point in real time through the software. When the entire measurement process is completed, Then adjust the sampling frequency to achieve the data matching of liquid level-capacity. This method can solve the problem of data out of sync. the

Compared with the existing technology, the utility model realizes the automation of the measurement process on the one hand, greatly reduces the labor intensity of the measurement personnel; on the other hand, effectively shortens the measurement time and improves the work efficiency by more than two times. the

Claims (4)

1. A capacity automatic verification device for an irregular ship cabin, characterized in that: Including a water delivery pipeline, the water delivery pipeline is provided with a pressure reducing and stabilizing valve (4), a pressure transmitter (6), a flow meter (8), a solenoid valve (9), a first temperature transmitter ( 10); It also includes a liquid level gauge (12) and a second temperature transmitter (13) arranged in the cabin of the ship to be tested; The control system is respectively connected with the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve (4), the pressure transmitter (6), the flow meter (8), the solenoid valve (9), the first temperature transmitter (10), the liquid level gauge (12 ), the second temperature transmitter (13) is connected. the 2. The capacity automatic verification device for irregular ship cabins according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a filter (2), an exhaust valve (3), the filter (2), an exhaust valve (3) sequentially connected to the front end of the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve (4). the 3. A capacity automatic verification device for irregular ship cabins, characterized in that: Including a water delivery pipeline, the water delivery pipeline is sequentially provided with a pressure reducing and stabilizing valve (4), a pressure transmitter (6), a flow meter (8), a three-way reversing valve (14), a first temperature changer Transmitter (10); It also includes a liquid level gauge (12) and a second temperature transmitter (13) arranged in the cabin of the ship to be tested; The control system is respectively connected with the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve (4), the pressure transmitter (6), the flow meter (8), the three-way reversing valve (14), the first temperature transmitter (10), the liquid level Meter (12), connected to the second temperature transmitter (13); The flow meter (8) and another flow meter (8') form a parallel flow channel with a larger flow rate and a smaller flow rate. After the flow is combined, the flow is divided into a double water injection channel through the three-way reversing valve (14) to inject the water to be tested. In the cabin of the ship. the 4. The capacity automatic verification device for irregular ship cabins according to claim 3, characterized in that: it also includes a filter (2), an exhaust valve (3), the filter (2), an exhaust valve (3) sequentially connected to the front end of the pressure reducing and stabilizing valve (4). the

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