CN203180559U - Storage battery voltage balancing device - Google Patents
Storage battery voltage balancing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN203180559U CN203180559U CN 201320060414 CN201320060414U CN203180559U CN 203180559 U CN203180559 U CN 203180559U CN 201320060414 CN201320060414 CN 201320060414 CN 201320060414 U CN201320060414 U CN 201320060414U CN 203180559 U CN203180559 U CN 203180559U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a storage battery voltage balancing device belonging to a charge-discharge intelligent control device for a storage battery set used in power system direct-current power source. A storage battery charge control circuit is connected to a single-chip microcomputer; a storage battery management chip is connected with the single-chip microcomputer through an SPI bus. In a storage battery voltage acquisition circuit, a plurality of storage batteries connected in series form a storage battery set. The positive electrode of each storage battery in the storage battery set is connected with the storage battery management chip. In a storage battery discharge control circuit, the positive electrode of each storage battery is connected with a source D of a P-type MOSFET. The negative electrode of the storage battery is connected with a discharge resistor in series, and is connected with a drain S of the P-type MOSFET. A gate G of the P-type MOSFET is connected with the storage battery management chip. During discharging, only the overcharged battery is discharged; and during charging, only the battery with low capacity is charged. The device provided by the utility model has the characteristics of small volume, low noise, high reliability, and real-time control.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of battery charging device, particularly uses lead-acid battery, lithium battery, the voltage detecting of series batteries such as nickel-cadmium cell and electric voltage equalization charge and discharge intelligent apparatus.
Background technology
In systems such as electric power operation power supply, communication power supply, ups power, all used batteries, and it must be online that batteries requires, to be in the floating charge state during normal the operation, but because battery self character and inconsistent, different such as self discharge speed, will cause in this Battery pack during long-term floating charge, the battery capacity that has is many, the battery capacity that has is few, and the capacity of batteries equals the capacity that the minimum of this group is held battery; Battery pack just can not be emitted the capacity of nominal during accident discharge by the time.Because the existence of float charge voltage, all batteries of battery pack all are in charged state always, and ideally, when namely all battery behaviors were the same, charging current just in time equaled the self-discharge of battery electric current, thereby make whole one of Battery pack remain on the full capacity state; But the characteristic of all single batteries is not finished unanimity, and under identical floating current, the little battery of self discharge is in the state of overcharging always, and the battery that self discharge is big is in always owes to fill state.Going down for a long time the battery that overcharges will brine electrolysis, and electrolyte is reduced; The battery of owing to fill will acidifying, and crystalline solid occurs; Nonvolatil damage battery.
Though regularly battery pack is carried out the equalizing charge operation, can alleviate this situation, but the battery that at this moment has has been to be in to have owed charged state, to be full of whole Battery pack, the battery that overcharges will charge into more electric weight, the battery of owing like this to charge just can be full of, and also is prejudicial to the battery that overcharges like this.The battery to overcharging when this will be realistic carries out discharge operation, and the battery of owing to charge is replenished the electricity operation, keeps every battery of battery pack to be in full power state constantly at any time.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of real-time monitoring battery tension, automatically list is only overcharged storage battery and discharges, and list is only owed to fill the battery tension bascule that storage battery replenishes electricity.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that a kind of battery tension bascule, comprises single-chip microcomputer, and the storage battery charge control circuit that is connected with single-chip microcomputer also has,
Battery management chip: be connected with described single-chip microcomputer by spi bus;
The battery tension Acquisition Circuit: a plurality of storage batterys of series connection are formed batteries mutually, and the positive pole of each storage battery in the batteries is connected with the battery management chip respectively;
The battery discharging control circuit: the positive pole of each storage battery is connected with the source electrode D of a P type MOSFET, is connected to the drain electrode S of this P type MOSFET behind discharge resistance of negative pole serial connection of this storage battery, and the grid G of this P type MOSFET is connected with the battery management chip.
Described single-chip microcomputer model is STM32F100, and the model of storage battery is LTC6802; Single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 pin PB12 ~ PB15 is connected respectively to battery management chip LTC6802; Described batteries is composed in series by 12 storage battery B1 ~ B12, and the positive pole of storage battery B1 ~ B12 is connected respectively to pin C12 ~ C1 of battery management chip LTC6802; Pin S1 ~ S12 of battery management chip LTC6802 connects the grid G of corresponding P type MOSFET respectively.
Described storage battery charge control circuit is: the pin PB8 of single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 is connected with the base stage of triode 2N4403, the emitter of triode 2N4403 is connected to rectifier AC/DC's+the 5V output, pin PA9 ~ P12 of single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 is connected with coding chip CD4028 input respectively, 12 outputs of coding chip CD4028 are connected in series the collector electrode that all is connected to triode 2N4403 behind the coil of a relay respectively, respectively with relay K 1 ~ K12 one to one among storage battery B1 ~ B12, a last utmost point storage battery B1 just, negative pole is connected to a pair of normally opened contact of relay K 1 respectively, the 2.35V that two common ports of relay K 1 are connected to rectifier AC/DC respectively just, negative output terminal, a pair of normally-closed contact of relay K 1 are connected to two common ports of the relay K 2 of next stage storage battery B2 correspondence respectively.
Also have main frame and LCD, this LCD is connected with main frame; Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with this main frame through PORT COM.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1, this device can discharge in real time, charge every storage battery, and during to discharging current row restriction, can disconnect discharge loop during system exception, avoid because operation or install when unusual battery over-discharge; Charging voltage, electric current are limited, and the highest float charge voltage or the safe charging voltage that is no more than single battery of voltage installs when unusual and can reliably disconnect charge circuit, avoids because operation or install when unusual battery overcharge.
2, by the voltage of monitoring storage battery, temperature is carried out equilibrium to batteries in real time, makes the battery of battery pack be in fully charged state constantly, can effectively prolong the time that battery regularly all fills, and improves the life-span of battery pack to greatest extent.
During battery charging, carry out the discharge prevention battery to overcharging battery, during the batteries discharge, only the low battery of capacity is charged, not to the too much battery discharge of capacity, the whole group storage battery capacity of emitting is improved.
3, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of automatics of battery pack single battery voltage monitoring, owing to adopted professional voltage of serially-connected cells acquisition chip, avoided traditional big problem of employing electric resistance partial pressure method Acquisition Error, and traditional relay switches, and the method picking rate is slow, reliability is low, problems such as volume is big, noise is big are set.Thereby guaranteed the precision of voltage acquisition, the reliability of long-term work, this device has that volume is little, and noise is little, gathers rapidly the control characteristics of real time.
This device provides a kind of control loop to every battery list discharge, and this discharge loop is controlled by integrated chip, is swift in motion, control is reliable, installs can reliably disconnect when unusual, and this control can independently be controlled by integrated IC, also can be by microprocessor controls, or both are in conjunction with control.Integrated control IC and little device processed stop discharge automatically when logical unusual, thereby have guaranteed the reliability of discharge.
This device provides a kind of voltage stabilizing current limliting power supply, and voltage is stabilized in float charge voltage or the safe charging voltage of battery, and electric current limits within the specific limits, can not cause battery to overcharge, and big electric current can not occur battery is impacted.And can be by the switch of microprocessor controls power supply.This power supply and main power source and other system isolated from power processed can not cause crosstalking of other circuit, can not introduce common mode disturbances to measuring the loop.
This device provides a kind of charging switching circuit, this switching circuit has been realized electric blocking, can only switch a loop at every turn, can not cause the short circuit phenomenon of two batteries, the control of switching circuit is by the hardware encoded control, namely can only control one the tunnel has output at every turn, and this switching circuit driving power can be by microprocessor controls, when charge circuit switches, stabilized voltage power supply is in closed condition, namely realize the no current switching, just can not produce spark during the actuating of relay like this, improved the life-span of relay.
This device provides a kind of battery balanced mode, namely simultaneously to the tank discharge that overcharges, behindhand battery is replenished electricity, makes whole Battery pack reach poised state fast.
This device provides a kind of Combination application mode, when joint that a Battery pack joint number can be monitored more than a balanced monitoring modular, or this device had when more requiring, can cooperate a plurality of device co-operation by main frame, to realize more excellent control, all controls this moment can be finished by main frame, the equalization operation of unified planning battery, such as: during batteries charging, to the tank discharge that overcharges, during battery power discharge behindhand battery is replenished.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that this installs electric theory diagram.
Fig. 2 is storage battery charge control circuit figure shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is battery tension sample circuit figure shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is battery discharging control circuit figure shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of battery tension bascule, comprises that storage battery charge control circuit is connected with single-chip microcomputer; The battery management chip is connected with described single-chip microcomputer by spi bus;
The battery tension Acquisition Circuit: a plurality of storage batterys of series connection are formed batteries mutually, and the positive pole of each storage battery in the batteries is connected with the battery management chip respectively;
The battery discharging control circuit: the positive pole of each storage battery is connected with the source electrode D of a P type MOSFET, be connected to the drain electrode S of this P type MOSFET behind discharge resistance of negative pole serial connection of this storage battery, the grid G of this P type MOSFET is connected (referring to Fig. 3 Fig. 4) with the battery management chip.Among Fig. 3, storage battery B12 negative pole is connected to the pin GND of LTC6802.The single-chip microcomputer model is STM32F100, and the model of storage battery is LTC6802; Single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 pin PB12 ~ PB15 is connected respectively to battery management chip LTC6802; Described batteries is composed in series by 12 storage battery B1 ~ B12, and the positive pole of storage battery B1 ~ B12 is connected respectively to pin C12 ~ C1 of battery management chip LTC6802; Pin S1 ~ S12 of battery management chip LTC6802 connects the grid G (referring to Fig. 3) of corresponding P type MOSFET respectively.Referring to Fig. 2, storage battery charge control circuit is: the pin PB8 of single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 is connected with the base stage of triode 2N4403, the emitter of triode 2N4403 is connected to rectifier AC/DC's+the 5V output, pin PA9 ~ P12 of single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 is connected with coding chip CD4028 input respectively, 12 outputs of coding chip CD4028 are connected in series the collector electrode that all is connected to triode 2N4403 behind the coil of a relay respectively, respectively with relay K 1 ~ K12 one to one among storage battery B1 ~ B12, a last utmost point storage battery B1 just, negative pole is connected to a pair of normally opened contact of relay K 1 respectively, the 2.35V that two common ports of relay K 1 are connected to rectifier AC/DC respectively just, negative output terminal, a pair of normally-closed contact of relay K 1 are connected to two common ports of the relay K 2 of next stage storage battery B2 correspondence respectively.During relay electric-loss, two common ports are connected with a pair of normally-closed contact respectively, and relay gets when electric, and two common ports are connected with a pair of normally opened contact respectively.Among Fig. 2, the relay K 1 corresponding with B1 has three pairs of contacts, and the left side a pair of (upper and lower each 1, down together) is normally-closed contact, and the centre is a pair of to be public point, and the right is a pair of to be normally opened contact.
Fig. 2 explanation: AC/DC arranges and can directly be powered by DC.Charging voltage 2.35V provides the current limliting power supply, and charging voltage 2.35V positive and negative electrode is connected respectively to two common ports of relay K 1.The a pair of normally-closed contact of relay K 1 is connected respectively to two common ports of K2, connects successively with this.(a pair of) normally opened contact of K1 ~ K12 is connected respectively between storage battery B1 ~ B12 positive and negative electrode.
The coil power supply of relay is through the N utmost point＜2N4403〉the triode power supply.Directly controlled by single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 single-chip microcomputer pin PB8.Single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 pin PA9 ~ PA12 controls output through coding chip CD4028 gating.
Fig. 3 explanation: battery management chip LTC6802 is connected with the STM32F100 single-chip microcomputer by spi bus.Built-in 12 ADC of LTC6802 can independently carry out voltage acquisition, and controlled making pin is also arranged, and are exclusively used in battery discharge.Charging is specialized designs partly.Directly charged by the STM32F100 Single-chip Controlling.
Fig. 4 explanation: single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 pin PB12 ~ PB15 is connected to battery management chip LTC6802(battery B1 ~ B12 series connection: B1 bears and is just meeting B2, and B2 is negative just to meet B3 ...).Battery B1 ~ B12 positive pole is connected respectively to pin C12 ~ C1 of battery management chip LTC6802.
Fig. 4 explanation: single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 pin PB12 ~ PB15 is connected to battery management chip LTC6802.Pin S1 ~ S12 of battery management chip LTC6802 connects the grid G of P type MOSFET respectively.Source electrode D connects the positive pole of battery B1, links the negative pole (being the B2 positive pole) of storage battery B1 behind the drain electrode S connection discharge resistance.
Also have main frame and LCD, this LCD is connected with main frame; Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with this main frame through PORT COM.
Storage battery equalizing system workflow:
1, the accumulator checking balance module is gathered voltage, uploads to the balanced main frame of storage battery.
2, the whole group of storage battery electric current and voltage module is gathered electric current and voltage, uploads to the balanced main frame of storage battery.
3, the whole group electric current of the balanced main frame of storage battery by collecting judged current battery-operated state discharge or charged state.Calculate single battery ceiling voltage, minimum voltage, average voltage by single battery voltage.Broadcasting issues whole group storage battery operating state, single battery ceiling voltage, minimum voltage, average voltage, the balanced enable bit of control to the accumulator checking balance module then.
4, electric power storage is patrolled and examined after balance module obtains main frame and issue balance parameters, calculates the battery that needs charge or discharge and charges or put.
5, repeat above step.
Battery management chip/LTC6802.12 ADC analog converters of journey in the LTC6802 generate 0 ~ 5V automatically.Certainty of measurement is 1.25mV.Have 12 the tunnel can drive JFET pipe GPIO pin, pin control discharge.LTC6802 can manage 12 batteries automatic equalization voltages.When LTC6802 did not communicate by letter with cpu controller, all CPIO pins reset to the IC init state.So that the protection battery is over-discharge can not.
Accumulator checking balance module voltage acquisition: battery terminal is directly linked battery management core LTC6802 through behind the fuse, and microcontroller CPU goes out LTC6802 by the SPI direct-reading and gathers conversion battery voltage.Collection is finished by hardware.The sampling precision height, temperature effect is little.Simplified the complicated hardware circuit.LTC6802 automatic switchover passage is gathered battery tension, does not need external microcontroller to advance extra operation.Once communication can all be read 12 the tunnel and be gathered voltage.
The charging of accumulator checking balance module: the charging output voltage of independent isolating, output voltage are 2.350V, and maximum output charging current is 1000mA.
Charging control multiple protective, charging mutual exclusion control between the power supply control of relay, the front-end control of charging output voltage and battery.
Charging control process:
1, obtains whole group storage battery charging and discharging state, monomer ceiling voltage, minimum voltage, average voltage and control enable bit from balanced main frame.
2, advance to such an extent that calculate the battery that needs charge according to the voltage of gathering in real time, carry out the operation of charging flow order then.
3, charging flow operation: need charging if calculate this first segment storage battery of patrolling and examining balance module,
1〉control AC/DC enables to export 2.35V voltage;
2〉making Poer is that low level is effective, makes the conducting of Q1 triode.Power to relay;
3〉making A, B, C, the D pin of CD4028 coding chip all is 0, selects 0 passage of U1 low, drives the K1 relay;
4〉other storage batterys are operated equally;
4, charging reaches after the storage battery average voltage, stops this battery charge.
Annotate: can not do the protection of mutual exclusion on the hardware setting simultaneously to two joints or the above charge in batteries of two joints.The anode of charging voltage 2.35V electricity is connected to the common port 6 of K1, and negative terminal is connected to common port 3.The normally-closed contact 2,7 of K1 is linked the common port 6,3 of K2 respectively.Go down with this connection.When switching to normally opened contact, gives K1 the 1st joint charge in batteries.Disconnect simultaneously and give next charging voltage, this reaches protective effect.
So in the communication not of accumulator checking balance module, reach the charging operations that 4 timesharing stop.
Accumulator checking balance module discharge: enable discharge by battery management chip LTC6802.This has two layers of protection, so reach the discharge operation that 4 timesharing stop in the communication not of accumulator checking balance module.When LTC6802 and micro-controller communications is not gone up or LTC6802 detect stop when temperature is too high in the accumulator checking balance module discharge.
LTC herewith can arrange the voltage that stops to discharge, and stops discharge when being put into the voltage of setting automatically.
Discharge is different with charging, and discharge can be discharged to multiple batteries simultaneously.And each accumulator checking balance module that charges can only fill a storage battery simultaneously.
The discharge control procedure:
1, obtains whole group storage battery charging and discharging state, monomer ceiling voltage, minimum voltage, average voltage and control enable bit from balanced main frame.
2, advance to such an extent that calculate the battery that needs discharge according to the voltage of gathering in real time, carry out the operation of discharge stream program then.
3, discharge flow path operation: need charging if calculate this first segment storage battery of patrolling and examining balance module,
1〉the discharge parameter value is set as stopping discharge voltage to LTC6802;
2〉the S1 pin of control LTC6802 is for effectively low, and conducting discharge triode discharges;
3〉other storage batterys are operated equally;
4, discharge reaches after the storage battery average voltage, stops this being held tank discharge.
Above-mentioned battery refers to storage battery.This device is equally applicable to other rechargeable battery set.
Claims (4)
1. a battery tension bascule comprises, single-chip microcomputer, and the storage battery charge control circuit that is connected with single-chip microcomputer is characterized in that, also has,
Battery management chip: be connected with described single-chip microcomputer by spi bus;
The battery tension Acquisition Circuit: a plurality of storage batterys of series connection are formed batteries mutually, and the positive pole of each storage battery in the batteries is connected with the battery management chip respectively;
The battery discharging control circuit: the positive pole of each storage battery is connected with the source electrode D of a P type MOSFET, is connected to the drain electrode S of this P type MOSFET behind discharge resistance of negative pole serial connection of this storage battery, and the grid G of this P type MOSFET is connected with the battery management chip.
2. a kind of battery tension bascule according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described single-chip microcomputer model is STM32F100, and the model of storage battery is LTC6802; Single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 pin PB12 ~ PB15 is connected respectively to battery management chip LTC6802; Described batteries is composed in series by 12 storage battery B1 ~ B12, and the positive pole of storage battery B1 ~ B12 is connected respectively to pin C12 ~ C1 of battery management chip LTC6802; Pin S1 ~ S12 of battery management chip LTC6802 connects the grid G of corresponding P type MOSFET respectively.
3. a kind of battery tension bascule according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described storage battery charge control circuit is: the pin PB8 of single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 is connected with the base stage of triode 2N4403, the emitter of triode 2N4403 is connected to rectifier AC/DC's+the 5V output, pin PA9 ~ P12 of single-chip microcomputer STM32F100 is connected with coding chip CD4028 input respectively, 12 outputs of coding chip CD4028 are connected in series the collector electrode that all is connected to triode 2N4403 behind the coil of a relay respectively, respectively with relay K 1 ~ K12 one to one among storage battery B1 ~ B12, a last utmost point storage battery B1 just, negative pole is connected to a pair of normally opened contact of relay K 1 respectively, the 2.35V that two common ports of relay K 1 are connected to rectifier AC/DC respectively just, negative output terminal, a pair of normally-closed contact of relay K 1 are connected to two common ports of the relay K 2 of next stage storage battery B2 correspondence respectively.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of battery tension bascules, it is characterized in that also having main frame and LCD, this LCD is connected with main frame; Described single-chip microcomputer is connected with this main frame through PORT COM.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320060414 CN203180559U (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-02-01 | Storage battery voltage balancing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320060414 CN203180559U (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-02-01 | Storage battery voltage balancing device |
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| CN203180559U true CN203180559U (en) | 2013-09-04 |
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| CN 201320060414 Expired - Lifetime CN203180559U (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-02-01 | Storage battery voltage balancing device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103117576A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-22 | 四川电力科学研究院 | Storage battery voltage balancing device |
| CN108110828A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-01 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | A kind of high current BMS protection board circuits |
-
2013
- 2013-02-01 CN CN 201320060414 patent/CN203180559U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103117576A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-22 | 四川电力科学研究院 | Storage battery voltage balancing device |
| CN103117576B (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2015-01-21 | 四川电力科学研究院 | Storage battery voltage balancing device |
| CN108110828A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-06-01 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | A kind of high current BMS protection board circuits |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20130904 |