CN203129581U - Slip form system - Google Patents
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- CN203129581U CN203129581U CN 201320063814 CN201320063814U CN203129581U CN 203129581 U CN203129581 U CN 203129581U CN 201320063814 CN201320063814 CN 201320063814 CN 201320063814 U CN201320063814 U CN 201320063814U CN 203129581 U CN203129581 U CN 203129581U
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- hoisting frame
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the construction field, and particularly relates to a slip form system. The slip form system solves the technical problems of being low in efficiency, large in construction risk, multiple in hidden trouble, high in cost, labor-consuming, low in working efficiency and the like when large-tonnage hoisting equipment is chosen to be used for mounting a warehouse top steel truss girder in the prior art. The slip form system comprises a formwork system, a hydraulic lifting system and an operating platform system. The operating platform system comprises a center fixed column, a plurality of hoisting frames, rams, oblique stay bars and draw bars, wherein the hoisting frames use the center fixed column as the center of a circle to be circumferentially distributed, and a cross beam of each hoisting frame is the same as the radius of the each hoisting frame in direction. Two stand columns of the hoisting frames are fixedly provided with the oblique stay bars and the horizontal rams, and the stand columns, the rams and the oblique stay bars form a triangle tie structure. The stand column, close to the center fixed column, of each hoisting frame is connected with one end of the draw bar, and the other end of the draw bar is fixed with the center fixed column. The slip form system has obvious economic benefits and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the realm of building construction, is specifically related to a kind of sliding mode system.
Background technology
At present, along with popularization and the development of steel building, circular Cang Ding is designed to the steel truss beam, and to dress up top, storehouse steel structure framework form comparatively general.The installation of top, storehouse steel truss beam, what select for use usually is that the large-tonnage crane hoisting equipment is finished, this job practices has many weak points:
When 1, possessing the steel structure hoisting condition on the silo top, silo is most to be that colony's engineering and most of construction finish, this moment, the place was narrow and small, builder's road is difficult to walk, hanging device difficulty in place, and in girder steel lifting uphill process, the building of periphery has very big influence to the lifting route, often need the crane gear secondary in place, lifting again, efficient is lower.
2, when top, storehouse steel truss is installed sliding mode system complete removal finish, steel member installation exercise face is the wide barrels of 300 ∽ 600, construction is dangerous big, hidden danger is more.
3, the expense height of steel truss beam lifting.
Because geographical position of living in, job location is difficult to lease to required hanging device near the periphery, all require the place remote allotment, turnover field expense and the rental charge of large-scale hanging device are very high.
In addition, also have the horizontal transportation problem of concrete, most tower cranes that adopt promote, artificial go-cart level transportation; These all exist and take a lot of work, and wait the worker to lead the problem at the end.
Summary of the invention
The utility model provides a kind of sliding mode system, has solved to select for use the large-tonnage crane hoisting equipment that top, storehouse steel truss beam is installed in the prior art to cause that efficient is lower, construction is dangerous big, and hidden danger is more, expense is high, take a lot of work, and waits the worker to lead the technical problem at the end.
Technical solution of the present utility model is:
Sliding mode system comprises template system, hydraulic lifting system, operation platform system, and its special character is: described operation platform system comprises a center fixation post, some hoisting frames, rod, hound and pull bar;
Described hoisting frame is that the center of circle is circle distribution with the center fixation post, and the crossbeam of described hoisting frame is consistent with radial direction;
Two columns of described hoisting frame fixedly have the rod of hound and level respectively, and column, rod and hound form the trivet structure;
Each hoisting frame is connected with described pull bar one end near a column of center fixation post, and the pull bar other end and center fixation post are fixed;
Described template system comprises template and enclosure, and template is between two root posts of hoisting frame, and template is fixed on the hoisting frame by enclosure;
Described hydraulic lifting system comprises hydraulic jack, and hydraulic jack is fixed on the hoisting frame.
Between pull bar and the column by spending blue bolt to be connected.
Template comprises inner formword and exterior sheathing, and described inner formword and exterior sheathing removably connect, and inner formword is connected the inner pouring space that forms, back with exterior sheathing;
Described enclosure comprises periphery ring and interior enclosure, and described periphery ring is positioned at the external surface of exterior sheathing and exterior sheathing is inwardly fastening, described in enclosure be positioned at the inner surface of inner formword and outwards support inner formword;
Described template is between two root posts of hoisting frame, and described periphery ring is fixed on one of them column, and described interior enclosure is fixed on another column.
Periphery ring is connected with drag hook with the external surface of exterior sheathing, described in enclosure be connected with drag hook with the inner surface of inner formword, be connected by channel-section steel between the column of described enclosure and hoisting frame.
Between inner formword and exterior sheathing by U-shaped card connection.
The quantity of periphery ring and interior enclosure is two or more.
Hydraulic lifting system comprises support bar, hydraulic jack, hydraulic control panel and oil circuit, and hydraulic jack is connected with hoisting frame, and described hydraulic control panel is connected with hydraulic jack by oil circuit, and the control hydraulic jack moves up and down along support bar.
Each support bar is provided with a plurality of spacing cards, on the same support bar distance of adjacent two spacing cards with a hoisting depth or once control highly be as the criterion, above hydraulic jack, establish the fork-shaped cover, make all hydraulic jack stroke unanimity.
Operation platform system comprises also and hangs scaffold that the described scaffold that hangs is articulated on hound or the rod.
The edge of operating platform is provided with fence.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1, the lifting of steel truss beam does not need large tonnage crane
Treat the sliding formwork platform lay finish after by drawing, rule at two Pin hoisting frame crossbeams, determine the girder steel position, the welded steel beam bracing frame.Select for use two 50t mobile cranes just to lift and to meet the demands.
2, steel truss beam traction material distributing machine satisfies the horizontal movement requirement of concrete again
When sliding mode system sets up the steel truss beam, the material distributing machine traction on the steel truss beam, is slided liter synchronously with sliding formwork, all can satisfy the horizontal movement requirement of concrete.
3, the steel truss beam secondary crane equipment that do not need in place
After treating that storehouse barrel cunning rises to design elevation, concrete has certain intensity, according to the weight of steel truss beam, selects the jack of corresponding lifting capacity, adopts shaped steel to be welded into gallows frame.
4, remarkable economic efficiency: save a large amount of machinery and take and labour cost.
5, remarkable social benefit:
(1) duration is guaranteed: whole slding form operation and steel truss beam are installed fully and are controlled by project management department oneself, and steel truss beam hoisted in position does not rely on large-scale hanging device, so the duration holds good security.
(2) the construction safety coefficient strengthens: in steel truss beam installation in position process, the constructor is construction operation on the sliding mode system operating platform all, and the security protection facility puts in place, and construction safety is guaranteed.
(3) adopt sliding formwork band steel truss beam construction technology, save large-scale loop wheel machine tool fuel cost greatly, good economic benefit is not only arranged, can also receive the economic results in society of energy conservation and environmental protection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Wherein: the 1-template; The 2-enclosure; The 3-crossbeam; The 4-barrel; The 5-column; The 6-support bar; The 7-hydraulic jack; 8-center fixation post; The 9-rod; The 10-hound; The 11-pull bar; The 12-hydraulic control panel; The 13-oil circuit; 14-spends blue bolt.
The specific embodiment
Be equipped with coal measures system garden coal bunker engineering, be made up of seven silo structures, each silo diameter is 21m, highly 45.5m(-1.5m～44m absolute altitude scope), barrel is thick-and 1.5m～17.17m absolute altitude is 500mm, and 17.17m～44m absolute altitude is 350mm.Cang Ding all has 4 Pin steel truss beams, and single Pin weight is 15T to the maximum, about the about 20M of length.Each Cang Ding is by 4 roads or 3 road girders and hot rolled H-shaped secondary beam composition top, storehouse steel structure framework, the profiled sheet of upper berth XXB-75-200-600-1.5 type, the steel concrete surface layer that surface coverage 120mm is thick.Top, storehouse girder steel is installed hoisting height and will be reached more than more than 60 meter, and this project belongs to large span and superelevation steel member.
Utilize sliding mode system realization of the present utility model to the lifting of top, above-mentioned storehouse girder steel, below structure of the present utility model is specifically described.
Sliding mode system comprises template system, hydraulic lifting system, operation platform system.
1.1 template system
Template system is made up of template 1, enclosure 2 and hoisting frame.
1) template: template has versatility, mounting or dismounting are convenient and enough rigidity.Described template comprises inner formword and exterior sheathing, and described inner formword and exterior sheathing removably connect, and inner formword is connected the inner pouring space that forms, back with exterior sheathing, and the pouring back forms barrel 4; This engineering sliding formwork part inner and outer template all adopts new combined steel formwork, high 1200mm, and wide 250mm uses U-shaped card connection between template.
2) enclosure: enclosure is called again encloses purlin.Described enclosure comprises periphery ring and interior enclosure, and described periphery ring is positioned at the external surface of exterior sheathing and exterior sheathing is inwardly fastening, described in enclosure be positioned at the inner surface of inner formword and outwards support inner formword; The quantity of periphery ring and interior enclosure is good with two or more.
Among Fig. 1, in the behind of medial and lateral template, upper and lower twice closed type enclosure altogether is set, periphery ring is connected with drag hook with the external surface of exterior sheathing, and described interior enclosure is connected with drag hook with the inner surface of inner formword.
Be connected by channel-section steel between the column 5 of enclosure and hoisting frame.The 10# channel-section steel is adopted in enclosure.
3) hoisting frame: hoisting frame is called jack stand again.Described hoisting frame comprises two root posts and the crossbeam 3 that is fixed in the column top, and described template is between two root posts, and described periphery ring is fixed on one of them column, and described interior enclosure is fixed on another column.
Hoisting frame is jack to be installed and to be connected into whole main member with enclosure, template.This engineering hoisting frame is " opening " shape, and the hoisting frame crossbeam must exceed more than the operating desk 500mm.Hoisting frame is " opening " shape or " door " shape.
1.2 hydraulic lifting system
Hydraulic lifting system comprises support bar 6, hydraulic jack 7, hydraulic control panel 12 and oil circuit 13 etc.
1) support bar: select for use
Welded steel pipe as the pole-climbing of hydraulic jack.The rigidity of support bar is bigger, and non-deformability is strong, and bearing capacity can be up to 6 tons, good stability, and easy construction can reduce the correction number of times greatly.
2) hydraulic jack: select QYD-60 type hydraulic jack for use.
3) hydraulic control panel: hydraulic control panel adopts two of HY-36 (being equipped with in addition).
4) oil circuit: by hydraulic control panel through one-level oil pipe, separator, secondary oil pipe, separator, three grades of oil pipes, needle-valve to hydraulic jack.Synchronous for guaranteeing oil return, the one-level oil pipe is border UNICOM along silo.
Adopt spacing card to add fork-shaped cover control method, at each support bar spacing card be set, distance with a hoisting depth or once control highly be as the criterion, be generally 30～50mm, above jack, establish the fork-shaped cover, make all hydraulic jack stroke unanimity.
The minimum number of the required hydraulic jack of hydraulic lifting system and support bar is calculated as follows:
n=N/P0 （1）
In the formula (1): the total vertical load of N-(KN), P0-support bar allow bearing capacity (KN) or hydraulic jack to allow bearing capacity (be hydraulic jack nominal load-bearing capacity 1/2nd), n peek value smaller.
Support bar (Φ 48 * 3.5) allows bearing capacity to be calculated as follows:
In the formula (2):
The permission bearing capacity (KN) of steel pipe support bar;
F-support bar steel strength design load is got 20KN/cm2;
α-service factor gets 0.7;
The section area of An-support bar is got 4.89cm
2
The coefficient of stability of-axis compression member,
Computational methods be: calculate earlier the slenderness ratio λ value of support bar according to formula (3), look into existing " Code for design of steel structures " subordinate list and obtain
In the formula (3):
-length factor, for
The steel pipe support bar,
The r-radius of gyration, right
The steel pipe support bar, r=1.58cm;
L1-support bar calculated length (cm), support bar be in structure the time, gets that dop is 100cm to the distance of concreting upper surface under the hydraulic jack;
Calculating can get: λ=(0.75 * 100)/1.58=47.468, table look-up
Hydraulic jack allows bearing capacity calculation:
It is the hydraulic jack of 6t that nominal load-bearing capacity is selected in design for use, then the permission of hydraulic jack carrying 3t, i.e. 30KN
So, in the formula that calculates required minimum number hydraulic jack or support bar, P0 modus ponens (1) and formula (2) smaller value among both, i.e. P0=30KN
Total vertical load calculates (according to single storehouse 48 6t hydraulic jack being set calculates)
A, template system
1) door type hoisting frame: 70KN;
2) enclosure and reinforcing: 60KN;
3) template: 35KN;
4) operating platform and security protection: 75KN;
5) hang scaffold and security protection: 10KN.
Amount to: 250KN
B, operating platform working load:
1) constructor: 50KN;
2) instrument such as hydraulic test and welding: 40KN;
3) platform allows to stack material: 70KN such as concrete, reinforcing bar;
4) construction live load: 30KN;
Amount to: 190KN
C, steel form and concrete frictional resistance:
160m
2×3000N/m
2=480KN
D, 4 girder steel weight: 15 * 1+11 * 1+2 * 10=460KN
Therefore, total vertical load: N total=250+190+480+460=1380KN
So, the minimum number of the required hydraulic jack of hydraulic lifting system and support bar
N=N/P0=1380/30=46 platform＜48 hydraulic jack
So: it is 6t that this silo sliding form apparatus adopts support bar, the hydraulic jack nominal load-bearing capacity of ￠ 48 * 3.5, altogether 48 groups of hoisting frames are set can satisfy construction requirement along even distribution of silo.Hoisting frame adopt 12#, 10# channel-section steel to connect by bolt and soldering group to forming.
1.3 operation platform system
Operation platform system comprises operating platform and hangs scaffold;
1) operating platform: operating platform comprises a center fixation post 8, some hoisting frames, rod 9, hound 10 and pull bar 11;
Hoisting frame is that the center of circle is circle distribution with the center fixation post, and the crossbeam of hoisting frame is consistent with radial direction;
Two columns of hoisting frame fixedly have the rod of hound and level respectively, and column, rod and hound form the trivet structure; Hound, rod are made by the 8# channel-section steel;
Pull bar one end is connected with the column of hoisting frame near the center fixation post, and the other end and center fixation post are fixed; Rounded or the rectangle in the cross section of center fixation post;
For preventing inwardly toppling near the trivet in the center of circle, set up a plurality of on the operating platform
Pull bar, pull bar one end and center fixation post are fixed, the pull bar other end and hoisting frame are fixed, and form the radial pattern horizontal support, connect into each hoisting frame as a whole.
Template system comprises template 1 and enclosure 2, and enclosure 2 is fastening and be fixed on the hoisting frame with template 1, so the other end of pull bar generally is connected with enclosure 2, and enclosure 2 adopts the 14# channel-section steels to be made into the annulus that diameter is 1000mm.
Preferable, by spending blue bolt to be connected, rise in the process sliding between pull bar and the column 5, by regulating the blue bolt 14 of spending on each pull bar, can also adjust the ovalizing deflection of template.
The edge of operating platform is provided with fence.
Interim arrester is installed at the peak place of operating platform, links to each other with ground connector, and ground resistance must not be greater than 10 Ω.
Operating platform is provided with fire extinguisher.
2) hang scaffold: hang scaffold and claim assistance platform or suspension bracket down again, hang scaffold and comprise interior hung scaffold and hang scaffold outward; Interior hung scaffold is articulated on the hound or rod away from the center of circle, hangs scaffold outward and is articulated near on the hound or rod in the center of circle.The width that hangs the scaffold bed board is 700mm, and the diameter that hangs the steel suspension rod of scaffold is
The outside of hanging scaffold must arrange safe protective railing, and completely hangs safety net.
This operation platform system is flexibility platform, is applicable to the super large diameter circular silo, has saved construction material, has guaranteed construction safety, reliability height, has reduced operating expenses, has improved business efficiency.The setting of pull bar prevents that hoisting frame from toppling, and can adjust the ovalizing deflection of template by spending blue bolt.
Main construction method:
2.1 at sliding mode system girder steel is installed
(1) after the sliding mode system assembling finished acceptance(check), carrying out next process was the installation of steel truss beam;
(2) before the steel truss beam is installed, to reinforce the hoisting frame of both sides, steel truss beam installation site, between the hoisting frame column of inside and outside both sides, add vertical bracing, bridging adopts the 8# channel-section steel to make, form rigid unitary with two hoisting frames that guarantee the supporting steel truss beam, preventing that two hoisting frames from causing owing to stroke is different sliding rises girder steel run-off the straight in the process, also is convenient to correction, correction simultaneously.
(3) before the steel truss beam is installed, hoisting frame support bar and the welding of bulkhead reinforcing bar of both sides, steel truss beam installation site is fixing, guarantee support bar stability, guarantee the installation quality of girder steel.
(4) steel truss beam bracing frame is installed, establishing twice with steel truss beam installed position laterally is the 2[18 channel-section steel, takes to rest place, adjacent two cabinet frame two ends and weld fixing.
(5) before the steel truss beam is installed, at steel truss beam bracing frame crossbeam sign tapping girder truss installation site line and corresponding control line, adopt a 50t mobile crane that the lifting of steel truss beam is placed on the steel truss boom support then, and between each girder truss, vertical bracing is set, bridging adopts pin hand steel pipe to set up, 4 Pin bridgings are installed between every adjacent steel girder truss, it is in aggregates that each girder truss is connected, with the stability of guaranteeing to rise steel truss beam in the process sliding, also strengthened globality and the stability of sliding mode system simultaneously.
2.2 just slide the stage
2～3 layerings of continuous placing, high 600～700mm when concrete strength reaches initial set between the final set, when namely the bottom concrete strength reaches 0.3 ∽ 0.35MPa, can try the sliding work that rises.First cunning rises the concreting work in stage and should finish in 3 hours.Examination is slided when rising and earlier template is risen 50mm, that is: jack promotes 1～2 stroke, does not collapse after the concrete depanning, (do not press...withed one's finger to press and as seen refer to trace by the Form board tape time-out again, mortar is tack-free finger again), can carry out sliding liter the just, the just sliding stage that rises once can promote 200～300mm.In the just sliding stage, strengthen the monitoring to the working condition of support bar, hoisting frame, girder steel bracing frame and steel truss beam, strengthen the detection of hoisting frame stroke synchronism, determine normally can enter normal sliding the liter stage.
2.3 sliding the liter stage
Whenever build a layer concrete, LIFT of climbing shuttering, continuous placing promotes continuously successively.Adopt the system that intermittently promotes, hoisting velocity is greater than 100mm/h.Under the normal temperature, the time of each climbing shuttering, should control about 1 hour, when because of certain reason concreting lap time when longer, should start hydraulic control panel in 30 minutes every 20 ∽, promote 1～2 stroke.Rise to notice at any time in the process whether steel truss beam bracing frame, sliding formwork door frame, support bar etc. change sliding, and note the resistance to overturning of steel truss beam.
2.4 finish sliding the liter stage
Slide when rising to design elevation, last layer concrete answers one-time-concreting to finish, and concrete must guarantee on a horizontal plane.
2.5 top, storehouse steel truss beam is installed
(1) at pre-buried 350 * 350 * 12 embedded parts of each 500mm place difference of steel truss beam notch both sides, top, storehouse bulkhead, dowel is 6 Φ 16, long 500mm.
(2) remove sliding formwork platform radial pattern horizontal support, notch place inner platform and inner side template, enclose purlin.The weldable steel girder truss is laid bracing frame on the pre-embedded steel slab of top, storehouse.
(3) every Pin steel truss beam employing two cover 10t Chain blocks lift the steel truss beam and mention, and temporary fixed.
(4) original steel truss beam bracing frame is removed.
(5) with Chain block the steel truss beam is dropped in the notch, and in place fixing.
Claims (10)
1. sliding mode system comprises template system, hydraulic lifting system, operation platform system, it is characterized in that: described operation platform system comprises a center fixation post, some hoisting frames, rod, hound and pull bar;
Described hoisting frame is that the center of circle is circle distribution with the center fixation post, and the crossbeam of described hoisting frame is consistent with radial direction;
Two columns of described hoisting frame fixedly have the rod of hound and level respectively, and column, rod and hound form the trivet structure;
Each hoisting frame is connected with described pull bar one end near a column of center fixation post, and the pull bar other end and center fixation post are fixed;
Described template system comprises template and enclosure, and template is between two root posts of hoisting frame, and template is fixed on the hoisting frame by enclosure;
Described hydraulic lifting system comprises hydraulic jack, and hydraulic jack is fixed on the hoisting frame.
2. sliding mode system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: between pull bar and the column by spending blue bolt to be connected.
3. sliding mode system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described template comprises inner formword and exterior sheathing, and described inner formword and exterior sheathing removably connect, and inner formword is connected the inner pouring space that forms, back with exterior sheathing;
Described enclosure comprises periphery ring and interior enclosure, and described periphery ring is positioned at the external surface of exterior sheathing and exterior sheathing is inwardly fastening, described in enclosure be positioned at the inner surface of inner formword and outwards support inner formword;
Described template is between two root posts of hoisting frame, and described periphery ring is fixed on one of them column, and described interior enclosure is fixed on another column.
4. sliding mode system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described periphery ring is connected with drag hook with the external surface of exterior sheathing, enclosure is connected with drag hook with the inner surface of inner formword in described, is connected by channel-section steel between the column of described enclosure and hoisting frame.
5. sliding mode system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: between inner formword and exterior sheathing by U-shaped card connection.
6. sliding mode system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the quantity of periphery ring and interior enclosure is two or more.
7. sliding mode system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: hydraulic lifting system comprises support bar, hydraulic jack, hydraulic control panel and oil circuit, hydraulic jack is connected with hoisting frame, described hydraulic control panel is connected with hydraulic jack by oil circuit, and the control hydraulic jack moves up and down along support bar.
8. sliding mode system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: each support bar is provided with a plurality of spacing cards, on the same support bar distance of adjacent two spacing cards with a hoisting depth or once control highly be as the criterion, above hydraulic jack, establish the fork-shaped cover, make all hydraulic jack stroke unanimity.
9. sliding mode system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described operation platform system comprises also and hangs scaffold that the described scaffold that hangs is articulated on hound or the rod.
10. sliding mode system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: the edge of described operating platform is provided with fence.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320063814 CN203129581U (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2013-02-04 | Slip form system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201320063814 CN203129581U (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2013-02-04 | Slip form system |
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| CN203129581U true CN203129581U (en) | 2013-08-14 |
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| CN 201320063814 Expired - Fee Related CN203129581U (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2013-02-04 | Slip form system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106032699A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-10-19 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | An improved sliding form system inner and outer formwork supporting and fastening structure |
| CN108842638A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-11-20 | 江苏省建筑工程集团有限公司 | Steel pipe truss beam orbit formula moulding bed limit assembly, cluster lifting jack unloading engineering method |
| CN113431318A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-09-24 | 中建三局第二建设工程有限责任公司 | Sliding form construction control method for special-shaped structure in high-temperature environment |
-
2013
- 2013-02-04 CN CN 201320063814 patent/CN203129581U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106032699A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-10-19 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | An improved sliding form system inner and outer formwork supporting and fastening structure |
| CN108842638A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-11-20 | 江苏省建筑工程集团有限公司 | Steel pipe truss beam orbit formula moulding bed limit assembly, cluster lifting jack unloading engineering method |
| CN113431318A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-09-24 | 中建三局第二建设工程有限责任公司 | Sliding form construction control method for special-shaped structure in high-temperature environment |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130814 Termination date: 20160204 |