CN203048673U - Artificial wetland system for treating lead-contained wastewater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an artificial wetland system for treating waste water containing lead, which belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The system is composed of a high-level water tank, a pool body and a sump pool; the inside of the pool body is filled with matrix; the bottom of the high-level water tank is provided with a water inlet pipe, which is opened above the matrix, and the water inlet pipe is equipped with a rotameter to adjust the water intake; the distance from the bottom of the pool body is 8-12cm Drainage pipes are set at the place; the water collection pool accepts the water from the drainage pipes; the front end of the drainage pipes is equipped with a microporous filter; the substrate is planted with emergent plants that can enrich heavy metals. The lead-containing wastewater flows into each constructed wetland unit from the high-level water tank, and the pollutants are intercepted through the absorption of plants, the adsorption, precipitation, filtration, and degradation of the matrix, and the adsorption and transformation of microorganisms. The artificial wetland has a good and stable treatment effect on lead-containing wastewater, the removal rate is about 99%, and no other power is needed, the structure is simple, the operation and management are convenient, the occupied area is small, the treatment efficiency is high, the cost is low, and the environment is beautiful.

Description

A Constructed Wetland System for Treating Lead-Containing Wastewater

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an artificial wetland system for treating waste water containing lead.

Background technique

Heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental pollution problem common at home and abroad at present. Because of its large amount of water, complex composition and difficult treatment, it has attracted the attention of many researchers. Lead-containing wastewater mainly comes from various battery workshops, mineral processing plants, petrochemical plants, etc. The lead content in the wastewater has exceeded the national standard by a hundred times, posing a great threat to groundwater sources. At the same time, many industrial discharges of lead-containing substances into the environment have already Exceeding the environmental capacity has brought great harm to human health and the environment. Many scholars at home and abroad have studied the treatment of lead-containing wastewater. At present, the treatment processes for lead-containing wastewater mainly include chemical precipitation, adsorption, ion exchange, membrane treatment, and biological treatment. However, these methods have problems such as high operating costs, easy to produce secondary pollution, and difficult regeneration during use. As a new technology of sewage ecological treatment engineering, constructed wetland has the advantages of stable effluent quality, low infrastructure and operation costs, convenient maintenance and management, and strong impact load resistance. However, constructed wetlands also face the problem of matrix clogging during operation. Therefore, the operation mode of wastewater pretreatment + constructed wetlands can be considered in the actual operation process, which can avoid the high operating cost and easy The problem of secondary pollution is also avoided, and the matrix is blocked, which prolongs the service life of the constructed wetland.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland for treating lead-containing wastewater in order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art. The problem to be solved by the utility model is to construct an artificial wetland that can effectively treat lead-containing wastewater, while saving costs and operating expenses, it can also ensure that the effluent is discharged or recycled, and at the same time it can prolong the service life of the artificial wetland ,beautify environment.

The artificial wetland system for treating lead-containing wastewater described in the utility model is composed of a high-level water tank, a pool body and a sump; the inside of the pool body is filled with a matrix; The rotameter adjusts the water intake; the drainage pipe is set at a distance of 8-12cm from the bottom of the pool body; the sump pool accepts the water from the drainage pipe; the front end of the drainage pipe is equipped with a microporous filter to prevent the substrate from blocking the drainage pipe; planting on the substrate can enrich heavy metals emergent plants.

The high-level water tank, the pool body and the sump are made of hard PVC boards.

The matrix is divided into supporting layer, purification layer and primary adsorption layer from bottom to top.

The supporting layer is gravel, the purification layer is zeolite, and the primary adsorption layer is gravel and/or ceramsite.

The filling height of the support layer is 3-6cm, the purification layer is 20-25cm, and the primary adsorption layer is 5-10cm.

The particle size of the gravel is 10-20mm; the particle size of the zeolite is 1-2mm, 2-4mm, and 4-8mm respectively, and it is filled and placed in the way of reverse grading; the particle size of the ceramsite is 2-4mm.

The diameter of the drain pipe is 15-20mm, and it is a PVC drain pipe.

The emergent plants capable of enriching heavy metals are cattails, calamus or windmill grass.

The utility model provides a stable and efficient artificial wetland lead-containing wastewater treatment system, which has the following advantages:

1. The constructed wetland system has a good removal effect on Pb ²⁺ , with a removal rate of over 99%. After the system has been in operation for three months, the removal rate of Pb ²⁺ can still be maintained at about 99%, which is relatively stable.

2. The waste water enters the artificial wetland through the high-level water tank, and flows into the sump from the drain pipe. This design not only saves the area and cost, but also avoids secondary pollution caused by surface flow such as breeding mosquitoes and flies, and ensures that the effluent meets the standard. While discharging, it can also prolong the service life of the constructed wetland.

3. The matrix filling method in the pool has a good effect on the treatment of Pb ²⁺ , and can prevent the matrix from clogging and prolong the operation time of the wetland.

4. The substrate used in the constructed wetland system has a large adsorption capacity for Pb ²⁺ , strong adsorption capacity, stable treatment effect on Pb ²⁺ , and long-term operation will not cause wetland blockage; the substrate has a large surface area, which is beneficial to plants and The growth and reproduction of microorganisms can improve the treatment effect of the system on wastewater.

5. The cattail, calamus and windmill grass have good absorption effect on Pb ²⁺ and grow well in the constructed wetland system, which can improve the removal efficiency of pollutants in sewage.

6. The system does not need other power, long operation period, good water quality, simple structure, convenient operation and management, small footprint, high processing efficiency, low cost, beautifying the environment and so on.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model; 1-high water tank, 2-rotameter, 3-inlet pipe, 4-emergent plants, 5-ceramsite, 6,10-gravel, 7,8,9-zeolite , 11-drainage pipe, 12-collection tank, 13-pool body;

Fig. 2 is a matrix filling diagram of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The utility model is further illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, the constructed wetland system for processing lead-containing wastewater consists of a high-level water tank 1, a pool body 13, and a sump 12; The water inlet pipe 3, the water inlet pipe 3 is opened above the substrate, and the water inlet pipe 3 is equipped with a rotameter 2 to adjust the water intake; a drain pipe 11 is arranged at a distance of 10 cm from the bottom of the pool body 13; There is a microporous filter to prevent the substrate from clogging the drainage pipe 11; the emergent plants 4 that can enrich heavy metals are planted on the substrate.

Described elevated water tank 1, pool body 13 and sump 12 are made of hard PVC board.

The matrix is divided into supporting layer, purification layer and primary adsorption layer from bottom to top.

The support layer is gravel 10, the purification layer is zeolite 7, zeolite 8 and zeolite 9, and the primary adsorption layer is gravel 6 and ceramsite 5.

The filling height of the supporting layer is 5 cm, the filling height of the purification layer is 20 cm, the filling height of the gravel 6 is 4 cm, and the filling height of the ceramsite 5 is 4 cm.

The particle diameter of described gravel 10 and gravel 6 is 10-20mm; The particle diameter of zeolite 9 is 1-2mm, the particle diameter of zeolite 8 is 2-4mm, the particle diameter of zeolite 7 is 4-8mm, and is reverse grade The formula is filled and placed; the particle size of ceramsite 5 is 2-4mm.

The diameter of described drainpipe 11 is 20mm, and is PVC drainpipe.

The emergent plants 4 capable of enriching heavy metals are cattail, calamus and windmill grass.

The constructed wetland system described above was used to treat lead-containing wastewater:

a. Constructed wetland influent is artificially simulated lead-containing wastewater, the concentration of which is 5mg·L ^-1 , 10mg·L ^-1 , 25mg·L ^-1 , 50mg·L ^-1 ;

b. The lead-containing waste water is pumped into the high-level water tank by the water pump, and the waste water flows into the artificial wetland from the high-level water tank, and the inflow flow is controlled by a rotameter;

c. After the lead-containing wastewater stays in the constructed wetland for 6-10 hours, it is discharged into the sump through the drain pipe;

d. The water in the sump can be recycled or supplied to the production water of the factory to form a water cycle.

The utility model adopts the operation mode of continuous water inlet and continuous water outlet vertical flow, and runs for 8 hours a day. The lead-containing waste water flows into each constructed wetland unit from the high-level water tank, and the flow meter is used to control the water inlet flow. After being absorbed by the plants in the constructed wetland, Substrate adsorption, precipitation, filtration, degradation, microbial adsorption, transformation, etc., intercept pollutants, collect effluent water samples every 7 days for monitoring and analysis; measure plant height and tiller number every half month, observe The growth of the plants, and the effective porosity of the matrix are measured, the change of the porosity of the matrix is analyzed, and whether it will cause the matrix to be blocked.

Claims (7)

1. A constructed wetland system for treating lead-containing wastewater, characterized in that it consists of a high-level water tank, a pool body and a sump; the inside of the pool body is filled with a substrate; the bottom of the high-level water tank is provided with an inlet pipe, and the inlet pipe is opened above the substrate , the water inlet pipe is equipped with a rotameter to adjust the water intake; a drain pipe is set at a distance of 8-12cm from the bottom of the pool; the sump accepts the water from the drain pipe; the front end of the drain pipe is equipped with a microporous filter to prevent the substrate from clogging the drain pipe; planting on the substrate Emergent plants that can accumulate heavy metals. the 2. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that, said elevated water tank, pool body and sump are made of hard PVC boards. the 3. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein the matrix is divided into a support layer, a purification layer, and a primary adsorption layer from bottom to top. the 4. The constructed wetland system according to claim 3, wherein the supporting layer is gravel, the purification layer is zeolite, and the primary adsorption layer is gravel or ceramsite. the 5. The constructed wetland system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the filling height of the support layer is 3-6 cm, the purification layer is 20-25 cm, and the primary adsorption layer is 5-10 cm. the 6. The constructed wetland system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the particle diameter of the gravel is 10-20mm; the particle diameter of the zeolite is respectively 1-2mm, 2-4mm, 4-8mm, and it is The gradation method is filled; the particle size of ceramsite is 2-4mm. the 7. The constructed wetland system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the diameter of the drain pipe is 15-20 mm, and it is a PVC drain pipe. the

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