A kind of floating installation of industrial vehicle
Technical field
The utility model relates to the industrial vehicle technical field, relates in particular a kind of floating installation for industrial vehicle.
Background technology
existing industrial vehicle, forklift for example, transport trolley etc., generally all comprise drive wheel and support wheel, form traditional supported at three point or 5 supports, drive wheel is used to provide power, make whole vehicle be walked, support wheel plays the effect of supplemental support, make together vehicle to walk smoothly with drive wheel, as everyone knows, support wheel be do not have dynamic, drive wheel is all to captive joint with the car body of vehicle with support wheel, the disclosed a kind of transport trolley of the Chinese utility model patent of patent No. ZL200920197355.9 for example, its drive wheel is all captiveed joint with car body with cardan wheel (support wheel), people in use find, the comfort level of vehicle is poor, damping effect is bad, when especially crossing the convex-concave uneven road surface, the sense of jolting is very strong, such situation not only makes the chaufeur comfort poor, and jolt for a long time and also can reduce the service life of support wheel and drive wheel, so people improve, the patent No. is the floating installation that the Chinese utility model patent of ZL201020263593.8 discloses a kind of electrocar, what it adopted is that drive wheel is by the form of springing and car body floating connection, drive wheel is connected springing to connect with car body, the formation drive wheel floats.As everyone knows, the drive wheel size of positive pressure has over the ground determined the size of propulsive effort, and because the deadweight of transport trolley is generally all low weight, but the goods of carrying is more than the several times (3-5 doubly) of deadweight.During empty wagons, it is excessive that the elasticity predetermincd tension of springing can not be regulated, and crosses the effect that conference does not have damping, and, also can be excessive because of the elasticity predetermincd tension, positive pressure is excessive over the ground to make drive wheel, and ground can produce in the face of the antagonistic force of drive wheel the bad phenomenon that rear vehicle is lifted.If but that the elasticity predetermincd tension is regulated is too small, positive pressure is too small over the ground can to make drive wheel, just might produce the problem that a loaded vehicle skids, and makes the load of vehicle be restricted, and that can not do is larger.
The utility model content
The objective of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of floating installation of industrial vehicle is provided, it can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, namely can make the load of industrial vehicle meet the requirements, the problem that do not have again loaded vehicle to skid, and the bad phenomenon of lateral inclination when having avoided heavy duty to turn to.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of floating installation of industrial vehicle, comprise car body, drive wheel and support wheel, described car body is respectively by the first springing, the second springing and described drive wheel, support wheel floating connection.
The applicant has done a large amount of test and studies, and we adopt support wheel to float and the drive wheel fixed form.This mode drive wheel is captiveed joint with vehicle frame, positive pressure is determined by deadweight and load-carrying fully, support wheel is connected with car body by springing, forms support wheel and floats, and plays a supportive role, but the elastic force that makes support wheel float can not be excessive, that is to say, the elastic force of the springing that is connected with support wheel is conditional, and during the excessive empty wagons of elastic force, meeting jack-up car body reduces the positive pressure of drive wheel, produce skidding, and it is bad to cross the obstacle ability.Can avoid skidding although elastic force is too small, but can produce the bad phenomenon of lateral inclination in the process that turns to of travelling, the phenomenon in the situation that the ground injustice can be jolted, when especially heavy duty is turned, the positive pressure that can make drive wheel be subject to like this is excessive, increase the resistance turn to, make turn to not smooth.
At last, we are connected by the first springing, the second springing drive wheel and support wheel respectively with car body, make drive wheel and support wheel and car body form whole floating connection, because drive wheel and support wheel all float, elastic body has been subject to compression, during empty wagons, drive wheel, support wheel all have certain positive pressure over the ground, guarantee the normal operation of vehicle, during loaded vehicle, due to the effect of load, drive wheel and support wheel one side can increase certain load component, two springing pressurizeds, the first springing and the equal deformation in compression of the second springing.Through test, the discovery drive wheel can be shared more load-carrying, and this will increase larger positive pressure over the ground, has namely guaranteed the load-carrying capacity of vehicle, has avoided again the generation of drive wheel skidding.
And drive wheel, support wheel be by the springing floating connection in car body, have good damping effect, especially on broken terrain, the phenomenon of jolting significantly reduces, and has strengthened the pilot control comfort.Simultaneously, because support wheel and car body are floating connections, when there are manufacturing errors in car body or support wheel, do not need to adjust by the mode of traditional increase and decrease pad, but also can satisfy very soon matching requirements by adjusting relocation mechanism, fast succinct, reduced the difficulty of making precision and assembling, also reduced cost.
As preferably, described the first springing comprise slide, the balladeur train of captiveing joint with described drive wheel of captiveing joint with described car body and be arranged on described slide and described balladeur train between the first elastic body.
As preferably, described balladeur train comprises the Connection Block fixing with described drive wheel, the support of captiveing joint with described Connection Block; Described slide comprises upper plate, the side plate frame that is connected with described upper plate, and described the first elastic body upper end is connected with described upper plate, and the lower end is connected with described support, and described side plate frame is connected with described support by line slideway.
As preferably, described the second springing comprises support wheel base, the terminal pad of captiveing joint with described car body of captiveing joint with described support wheel and is arranged on the second elastic body between described support wheel base and terminal pad.
As preferably, described support wheel base comprises the pedestal of captiveing joint with described support wheel, is fixed on the joint pin on described pedestal; The bottom surface of described terminal pad is provided with seam, in described seam, bearing is installed, described bearing carrier ring is contained on described joint pin, described the second elastic body is positioned at below described bearing, and be sleeved on described joint pin, described joint pin top is provided with the outer double-screw bolt that stretches out described bearing, is fixed with positive stop on described outer double-screw bolt.
As preferably, described the first elastic body, line slideway are two, and described two the first elastic bodys are between described two line slideways.
As preferably, described Connection Block comprises and connects pedestal, is fixed on lower flange on described connection pedestal, is fixed on the mount pad on described connection pedestal top, the edge of described mount pad upper surface is provided with three stay bearing plates, the top of described stay bearing plate is provided with two screws, and the upper surface of described mount pad upwards extends internally simultaneously to form and connects round platform.
As preferably, described support comprises and described lower flange the be spirally connected fixing upper flange plate with central through hole, the brace panel of captiveing joint with described upper flange plate, two reinforced ribs.
As preferably, be fixed with the spring perch, the limiting stopper that match with described the first elastic body on described upper flange plate, described side plate frame comprises side plate, is fixed on the upper cross plate on described side plate, described upper cross plate is provided with to be convenient to the through hole that described the first elastic body passes and to be positioned at center screw directly over described limiting stopper, described upper plate is connected with described upper cross plate by two screwings, be bolted with a stop screw on described center screw, described stop screw lower end is stretched out described center screw and is connected with the 3rd elastic body.The 3rd springing does not act on when zero load, and can provide a higher positive pressure under the vehicle case of heavy load outside the first elastic body.The 3rd springing amount of compression is less, and elasticity modulus is larger.
As preferably, the amount of compression of described the second springing is generally got 4-10mm, and when the amount of compression of the second springing surpassed predetermined value, support wheel was equivalent to be connected with car body with fixed form.
As preferably, the floating space that the first springing makes progress can be regulated, and upwards final
Amount of floating is less than the amount of compression of the second springing.
As preferably, described support wheel is two.When support wheel is two, form the bikini float support with drive wheel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Floating installation of the present invention, adopt drive wheel and support wheel all with the mode of car body floating connection, the bad phenomenon that when having avoided heavy haul and rapid to turn to, car load tilts to the inboard that turns to, and make the load-carrying capacity meet requirements of whole vehicle, the problem that does not have again loaded vehicle to skid.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
The schematic diagram of Fig. 1 one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the invention drive wheel and the first springing connection diagram;
Fig. 3 is the exploded drawings of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is one embodiment of the invention support wheel and the second springing connection diagram;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the stressed schematic diagram of industrial vehicle when support wheel is two.
In figure:
The 1-car body;
The 2-drive wheel;
The 3-support wheel;
4-the first springing, the 401-slide, the 401a-upper plate, 401b-side plate frame, the 401b1-side plate, the 401b2-upper cross plate, the 401b21-through hole, the 401b22-tapped bore, the 401b23-center screw, the 401c-line slideway, the outer vee-block of 401c1-, vee-block in 401c2-, the 401c3-guide roller, the 401d-stop screw, 401e-the 3rd elastic body, the 402-balladeur train, the 402a-Connection Block, 402a1-connects pedestal, the 402a2-lower flange, the 402a3-mount pad, the 402a31-stay bearing plate, 402a32-connects round platform, the 402b-support, the 402b1-upper flange plate, the 402b11-central through hole, the 402b12-spring perch, the 402b2-brace panel, the 402b21-limiting stopper, the 402b3-reinforced rib, 403-the first elastic body, the 404-screwing,
5-the second springing, 501-support wheel base, 501a-pedestal, 501b-joint pin, the outer double-screw bolt of 501b1-, 502-terminal pad, 502a – seam, 503-the second elastic body, 504-bearing, 505-jam nut.
The specific embodiment
The following stated is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not that scope of the present invention is limited.
Embodiment, see accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4,5,6, the present invention relates to a kind of floating installation of industrial vehicle, comprise car body 1, drive wheel 2 and support wheel 3, support wheel 3 is two, form supported at three point with drive wheel 2, car body 1 is respectively by the first springing 4, the second springing 5 and described drive wheel 2, support wheel 3 floating connections.
the first springing 4 comprise slide 401, the balladeur train 402 of captiveing joint with drive wheel 2 of captiveing joint with car body 1 and be arranged on slide 401 and balladeur train 402 between the first elastic body 403, the first elastic body 403 can adopt spring or elastic caoutchouc, in present embodiment, what adopt is spring, in the spring inner sleeve, spring bearing is arranged, balladeur train 402 comprises Connection Block 402a, the support 402b of with Connection Block 402a captiveing joint fixing with drive wheel 2, slide 401 comprises upper plate 401a, the side plate frame 401b that is connected with upper plate 401a, the first elastic body 403 upper ends are connected with upper plate 401a, upper plate 401a is provided with two mounting holes, the first elastic body 403 upper ends are arranged in mounting hole, the lower end is connected with support 402b, side plate frame 401b is connected with support 402b by two line slideway 401c, line slideway 401c can adopt gauge member, outsourcing, also can adopt the structure of present embodiment, in the present embodiment, line slideway 401c comprises outer vee-block 401c1, interior vee-block 401c2 and be arranged on outer vee-block 401c1 and interior vee-block 401c2 between guiding rod 401c3.
The second springing 5 comprises support wheel base 501, the terminal pad 502 of captiveing joint with described car body 1 of captiveing joint with described support wheel 3 and is arranged on the second elastic body 503 between described support wheel base 501 and terminal pad 502, the second elastic body can adopt spring or elastic caoutchouc, what present embodiment adopted is the dish spring, the amount of compression of described the second springing is 4-10mm, when the amount of compression of the second springing surpassed predetermined value, support wheel was equivalent to be connected with car body with fixed form.
support wheel base 501 comprises the pedestal 501a of captiveing joint with support wheel 3, is fixed on the joint pin 501b on described pedestal 501a, the bottom surface of terminal pad 502 is provided with seam 502a, in described seam 502a, bearing 504 is installed, described bearing 504 is sleeved on joint pin 501b, can slide up and down along joint pin 501b, the second elastic body 503 is positioned at described bearing 504 belows, and be sleeved on described joint pin 501b, simultaneously, also be set with the slip cap that is positioned at described the second elastic body 503 tops on joint pin 501b, described joint pin 501b top is provided with the outer double-screw bolt 501b1 that stretches out described bearing 504, be fixed with jam nut 505 on outer double-screw bolt 501b1, jam nut 505 can prevent that joint pin 501b breaks away from seam.
in present embodiment, the first elastic body 403, line slideway 401c is two, described two the first elastic bodys 403 are between described two line slideway 401c, general, the first elastic body, line slideway is all symmetrically arranged, stressing conditions is good like this, Connection Block 402a comprises connection pedestal 402a1, be fixed on the lower flange 402a2 that connects on pedestal 402a1, be fixed on the mount pad 402a3 that connects pedestal 402a1 top, the edge of mount pad 402a3 upper surface is provided with three stay bearing plate 402a31, three uniform settings of stay bearing plate, become each other 120 ° of angles, be provided with two screws on the top of stay bearing plate 402a31, the upper surface of mount pad 402a3 upwards extends internally simultaneously to form and connects round platform 402a32, support 402b comprises the be spirally connected fixing upper flange plate 402b1 with central through hole 402b11, the brace panel 402b2 of captiveing joint with upper flange plate 402b1, two reinforced rib 402b3 with lower flange 402a2, and two reinforced rib 402b3 are connected with upper flange plate with brace panel 402b2 simultaneously.
be fixed with the spring perch 402b12 that matches with the first elastic body 403 on upper flange plate 402b1, limiting stopper 402b21, side plate frame 401b comprises side plate 401b1, be fixed on the upper cross plate 401b2 on side plate 401b1, outer vee-block 401c1 is fixed on side plate 401b1, interior vee-block 401c2 is fixed on brace panel 402b2 both sides, spring perch can play to the first elastic body the effect of support, the first elastic body can be plugged in the endoporus of spring perch, upper cross plate 401b2 is provided with to be convenient to the through hole 401b21 that the first elastic body 403 passes and to be positioned at center screw 401b23 directly over limiting stopper 402b21, through hole 401b21 is provided with opening, the width of opening is less than the first elastomeric diameter.
Upper plate 401a is connected with upper cross plate 401b2 by two screwings 404, screwing 404 passes through hole on upper plate 401a and is spirally connected on the tapped bore 401b22 that is fixed on upper cross plate 401b2, be bolted with a stop screw 401d on center screw 401b23, stop screw 401d stretches out the lower end center screw 401b23 and is connected with the 3rd elastic body 401e.The 3rd elastic body can adopt spring, cushion etc., this the 3rd elastic body does not act on when zero load, and a higher positive pressure can be provided outside the first elastic body under the vehicle case of heavy load, so with respect to the first elastic body and the second elastic body, the 3rd springing amount of compression is less, and the needed power of its elastic deformation is larger.The floating space that the first springing makes progress can be regulated, and the amount of floating that finally makes progress is less than the amount of compression of the second springing.
See accompanying drawing 6, electric transport vehicle comprises two front-wheels and two support wheels, comes comparative analysis with concrete test figures: wherein, drive wheel bears a heavy burden and represents with FO, and the near front wheel bears a heavy burden, off front wheel bears a heavy burden, the left support wheel bears a heavy burden and the right support wheel bears a heavy burden represents with F1, F2, F3, F4 respectively;
When experimental model employing drive wheel and car body floating connection, and the left and right support wheel is connected with rigidity of vehicle body, and when unloaded, gross weight 787 Kg find through test, at this moment:
F1=100?Kg,?F2=90Kg?,?F3=72?Kg?,?F4=75Kg?,F0=450?Kg;
When its load-carrying 2400kg, be heavy duty at this moment, gross weight is 3200 Kg approximately;
F1=1090Kg?,?F2=1060Kg,?F3=280?Kg?,F4=320Kg?,F0=453?Kg;
This shows: when load-carrying was 2400kg, the power on drive wheel only increased: 453Kg-450Kg=3kg; Do not considering the other influences factor, be that friction force equals friction coefficient and multiply by positive pressure according to known coulomb (Coublomb) law of friction classical formulas of technical personnel F=μ * N(), the propulsive effort that drive wheel can provide becomes the forward proportionate relationship with the positive pressure over the ground of drive wheel, therefore drive wheel floats, when support wheel is fixed on load-carrying, very likely make drive wheel produce skidding.
When experimental model adopt drive wheel and support wheel all with car body floating connection all, and adjust the drive wheel caging bolt, when its load-carrying 2400kg:
F1=1100?Kg,?F2=1060Kg,?F3=235?Kg,?F4=242Kg,F0=555Kg;
Do not consider the other influences factor, be that friction force equals friction coefficient and multiply by positive pressure according to we known coulomb (Coublomb) law of friction classical formulas F=μ * N(), the propulsive effort that drive wheel can provide becomes the forward proportionate relationship with the positive pressure over the ground of drive wheel.In this sense, we find that drive wheel positive pressure over the ground differs 105Kg under sky, case of heavy load.Because positive pressure and load-carrying over the ground have 6-8 proportionate relationship doubly, after implementing to improve, under identical body construction, can increase the load-carrying of 630-840Kg and non-slip, in other words, the car that originally may skid, after adopting structure of the present invention, can normally move and no longer skid.
Above explanation is only explanation of the invention, make the complete enforcement this programme of those of ordinary skills' energy, but be not limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make to the present embodiment the modification that there is no creative contribution as required after reading this specification sheets, these are all not creative modifications.But as long as all be subject to the protection of patent law in claim scope of the present invention.