CN202951901U - Blade perforating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a blade punching device, which is arranged on a horizontal three-hole drilling machine. The blade punching device includes a bottom plate and clamping parts on both sides. The bottom plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the worktable of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine. The side clamping parts are positioning block and pressing block from bottom to top. The positioning block is fixedly connected with the bottom plate. The blade is horizontally clamped between the positioning block and the pressing block. The pressing block is connected to the positioning block through fasteners. The outer end surface of the blade crown and the outer end surface of the blade root correspond to the drill bits of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine. The utility model solves the bottleneck caused by traditional vertical punching, changes the backward status of traditional punching with low dimensional accuracy, difficult positioning, very low punching efficiency, and high scrap rate, and can realize refined production of blade punching , The positioning speed is fast and accurate, and the punching and forming dimensional accuracy is high.

Description

A blade punching device

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of turbine machinery manufacturing, in particular to a tool for punching positioning holes for subsequent processing on blade blanks.

Background technique

Blades are extremely important components in turbomachinery (such as steam turbines). Die-forged blades are often used as the most important medium and low pressure moving blades for steam turbines due to their advantages such as good comprehensive mechanical properties, continuous metal streamlines, and small machining allowances. Way. However, the profile line of the blade forging produced by die forging cannot be completely consistent with the theoretical profile, so it is possible that the blade blank that should be able to be processed into a finished product may be scrapped due to inappropriate positioning holes during die forging blade processing. At this time, before subsequent processing, it is necessary to clamp the die forging blade blank on the punching device, make positioning holes in advance, and reasonably distribute the machining allowance of the die forging blade to reduce the scrap rate. Therefore, the blade punching device is an indispensable and important device to ensure the quality of blade detection and subsequent processing.

There are generally three positioning holes in the blade blank, namely: one positioning hole is located at the center of the outer end surface of the blade crown, and two positioning holes are located on the left and right sides of the center of the outer end surface of the blade root. The prior art generally adopts a vertical punching drill, and the operation steps are: vertically transport the die-forged blade blank to the bottom thimble of the vertical punching device, and adjust the blade root and blade crown clamp with the inner back arc template of the blade shape line. The specific positioning bolts need to be adjusted several times until they meet the requirements of the model, and then the drilling power can be started by pressing the blade vertically, and the drilling can be done by manually pressing the blade root (blade top) and pulling the rod to feed in the drilling device. . There are many disadvantages in the punching process:

1) It is not easy to control the positioning before drilling with the vertical drilling method, and it cannot fully meet the requirements of the drilling specification, resulting in poor uniformity of the die forging blade margin after drilling, which may easily lead to the lack of meat in subsequent machining;

2) In the vertical drilling, since the power of the drill bit is integrated with it, the vibration is relatively large during the working process, which seriously affects the drilling quality;

3) The dimensional positioning datum in the Z direction and the inner back arc direction is adjusted by manually screwing the bolts, and the work efficiency is extremely low;

4) Due to the limitation of vertical drilling, the blades are placed in a vertical direction. It is not easy to operate manually when placing them. It requires multiple people to cooperate with multi-tools. The labor cost is high and there are many safety hazards;

5) The entire drilling process is complicated, labor-intensive, and positioning positions are adjusted frequently, making it difficult to form batch production.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a positioning and punching device for die forging blades, which has high drilling precision and good positioning stability.

The technical scheme adopted in the utility model is:

A blade punching device is arranged on a horizontal three-hole drilling machine. The blade punching device includes a bottom plate and clamping parts on both sides. The bottom plate is fixedly installed on the worktable surface of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine. From bottom to top are the positioning block and the pressing block. The positioning block is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. The blade is clamped horizontally between the positioning block and the pressing block. The pressing block is connected to the positioning block through fasteners. The outer end surface of the blade root corresponds to the drill bit of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine.

The fastener between the corresponding pressing block and the positioning block is a pair of double-ended studs, the positioning block is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the connection position of the double-ended stud, and the pressing block is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the connection position and 1 u-shaped slot.

The base plate is connected with the worktable surface of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine through a detachable fastening device.

The three drill bits on the horizontal three-hole drilling machine are set corresponding to both ends of the blade, wherein: one drill bit corresponds to the center of the outer end face of the blade crown, and the drill bit corresponds to the left and right sides of the center of the outer end face of the blade root.

The beneficial effects produced by the utility model are:

In order to improve the shortcomings of the blade punching in the past, the inventor conceived the blade punching scheme, and designed the utility model's three thimbles according to the structural type of the three-thimble punching device to position the punching blades and the structural parameters of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine. The punching device can meet the accurate positioning and punching of the blade blank. In order to ensure the rationality and operability of the design device, the utility model meets the following requirements:

(1) The structure of the device is simple and the manufacturing difficulty is low, but the feasibility of positioning and drilling must be guaranteed;

(2) Reasonably control the size of the installation position of the bottom plate to ensure the accuracy of the positioning size of the device;

(3) The design device is simple to operate, easy to use, and more convenient to control;

(4) At the same time, the device must be safe to use, focusing on the design of fast and accurate positioning and punching.

The design and use of the three-thimble blade punching device of the utility model solves the bottleneck caused by the traditional vertical punching, and changes the traditional punching problems of low dimensional accuracy, difficult positioning control, very low punching efficiency, and high scrap rate. Backed by the current situation, it can realize fine production of blade punching, fast and accurate positioning, and high precision of punching and forming dimensions. Adopting the three thimble blade punching device of the present utility model to punch holes has the following advantages:

1) The new three-thimble punching device is based on the design concept of fast positioning and precise drilling, which can ensure the accurate positioning of the blade on the device and ensure the uniformity of the margin distribution after the die forging blade is punched, thus greatly improving the punching efficiency. hole quality;

2) The drilling device is used in conjunction with the horizontal drilling machine, which improves the operability and greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers;

3) The utilization device has the advantage of batch production and one-time positioning, and the work efficiency is greatly improved;

4) The structure design of the device is reasonable, the manufacturing and processing cost is low, and the operation is convenient;

5) The drilling process is safe and reliable;

6) The device is easy to operate, and only one person can complete the drilling process, which reduces labor costs;

7) It is easy to form batch production, and the production efficiency is high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the die forging blade positioning and punching device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the positioning structure of the die forging blade positioning and punching device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning block of the present invention.

The symbols in the figure indicate: 1—bottom plate, 2—positioning hole, 3—blade root positioning block, 4—blade root pressing block, 5—nut, 6—stud stud, 7—blade, 8—screw, 9— Blade crown positioning block, 10—blade crown pressing block, 11—positioning bar.

Detailed ways

In order to improve the shortcomings of previous blade punching, the utility model conceives the blade punching scheme, and designs a three-thimble punching device according to the structural type of the three-thimble punching device to position the punching blade and the structural parameters of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine Satisfy the accurate positioning and punching work of steam turbine blades. The blade positioning and punching device of the utility model is a special device designed for precisely positioning and punching three pinholes on the die forging blade blank. The blade positioning and punching device is generally used on a horizontal three-hole drilling machine. Position it on it and punch holes. The punched die forging blade is placed on the comprehensive measuring tool, and after passing the sample inspection, it is submitted to the next process for processing. After using the blade punching device, the die forging blade is transferred to the next process for processing, which can improve the production efficiency of the subsequent process and reduce the scrap rate.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the blade punching device of the present utility model includes a bottom plate 1 and clamping parts on both sides. The bottom plate 1 is fixedly installed on the surface of the worktable of a horizontal three-hole drilling machine, and the clamping parts on both sides are 2 groups. , from bottom to top are blade root positioning block 3 and blade root pressing block 4, blade shroud positioning block 9 and blade shroud pressing block 10. The blade root positioning block 3 and the blade crown positioning block 9 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate 1, the blade 7 is clamped laterally, the blade root part is arranged between the blade root positioning block 3 and the blade root pressing block 4, and the blade crown part is arranged on the blade crown Between the positioning block 9 and the shroud pressing block 10. The blade root positioning block 3 and the blade root pressing block 4, the blade shroud positioning block 9 and the blade shroud pressing block 10 are connected by fasteners, and the blade crown outer end surface and the blade root outer end surface of the blade 7 correspond to the horizontal type. Drill bit for three-hole drilling machine. The bottom plate 1 is connected to the table surface of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine through detachable fastening devices, such as screws, keyways and other connectors. 8 Tighten the connection. The three drill bits on the horizontal three-hole drilling machine are set corresponding to the two ends of the blade 7, wherein: one drill bit corresponds to the center of the outer end face of the blade crown, and the drill bit corresponds to the left and right sides of the center of the outer end face of the blade root.

In order to determine the punching position, the utility model designs a special assembly of the positioning bar 11. The positioning bar 11 is composed of an x-axis cross arm, a y-axis column and a z-axis cross arm connected end to end. The positioning bar 11 is assembled on the blade 7. At the outer end surface of the blade shroud or the outer end surface of the blade root, it is used to determine the position of the drill bit. Taking the positioning bar 11 at the outer end surface of the blade root of the blade 7 as an example, the x-axis transverse arm is set to fit the outer end surface of the blade root of the blade 7, and its length is equal to the positioning hole 2 on the right side of the outer end surface of the blade root of the blade 7 to the blade root. The distance on the right side of block 3, the y-axis vertical column is fitted to the right side of the blade root positioning block 3, the distance from the right positioning hole 2 on the outer end surface of the blade root of the blade 7 to the top surface of the bottom plate 1, and the z-axis horizontal arm is fitted to the bottom plate 1 The top surface setting mainly plays the role of stable positioning. The end of the x-axis transverse arm corresponds to the positioning hole 2 on the right side of the blade root outer end surface of the blade 7. There is a positioning device for the drill bit, so as to achieve the effect of positioning the drill bit. Similarly, a positioning bar 11 is also provided at the outer end surface of the blade crown of the blade 7, the principle of which is similar and will not be repeated here.

In this specific embodiment, the blade punching device of the utility model consists of a base plate 1, a blade root positioning block 3, a blade root pressing block 4, a blade crown positioning block 9, a blade crown pressing block 10, a blade crown positioning bar 11, etc. Long double-ended studs 6, nuts 5, screws 8 and other fasteners. The function of the bottom plate 1 is to place the blade root positioning block 3 and the blade crown positioning block 9, and to be fixedly connected with the three-hole drilling workbench, the blade root positioning block 3 and the blade crown positioning block 9 simultaneously. The function of the blade root positioning block 3 and the blade crown positioning block 9 is to place the die forging blade 7, and utilize the blade root of the die forging blade 7 and the positioning surface of the blade crown to position it. The role of the blade root compression block 4 and the blade shroud compression block 10 is to compress the blade shroud and the blade root part of the die-forged blade 7 placed on the blade root positioning block 3 and the blade crown positioning block 9 to prevent its displacement. The function of the shroud positioning bar 11 is to determine the relative position between the drill bit and the positioning hole 2 . Fasteners such as equal-length double-ended studs 6, nuts 5, and screws 8 play a role in fastening and connecting.

Through the structural characteristics of the die forging blade 7 and the working table of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine, determine the reasonable size of the three-thimble bottom plate 1, and place the positioning strips 11 on the outer end surfaces of the blade root and the blade crown on the working table of the three-hole drilling machine , the size of the base plate 1 is selected depending on the positioning method of the side of the base plate 1 or the working table of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine. The positioning strips 11 on the outer end surfaces of the blade root and the blade crown are placed on the bottom plate 1, and are positioned by the sides of the blade root positioning block 3 and the blade crown positioning block 9 respectively.

The blade root positioning block 3 and the blade crown positioning block 9 are used to place the die forging blade 7, and utilize the positioning surfaces of the blade root and the blade crown to position it. Based on the principle of determining a plane by three points, use a horizontal three-hole drilling machine to simultaneously drill a positioning hole 2 on the center of the outer end face of the blade crown, and drill a positioning hole 2 on the left and right sides of the outer end face center of the blade root. In order to ensure that the positioning hole 2 corresponds to the drill bit, the center of the die forging blade 7 is fixed on the worktable by using the blade root positioning block 3 and the blade crown positioning block 9, and the blade root of the die forging blade 7, the blade crown inlet/outlet side and the Inner/back arc two-plane positioning. After the die forging blade 7 is trimmed, there will be a certain amount of excess metal on the parting line, so an anti-interference groove is provided on the blade root positioning block 3 and the blade crown positioning block 9 where they are in contact with the forging parting line to avoid Excess metal on the parting line of a forging. In order to prevent the die forging blade 7 from shifting during the process of drilling the positioning hole 2, a compression block 4 or 10 is installed on the upper plane of the blade root and blade crown, and fastened by bolts and nuts 5 .

The compression block 4 or 10 is mainly used for the compaction of the die forging blade 7, so when considering the tightness of the punching position 2, the efficiency of loading and unloading the punching die forging blade 7 should also be considered. The fastener between the corresponding pressing block 4 or 10 and the positioning block 3 or 9 is a pair of equal-length studs 6, and the equal-length studs 6 are provided with threaded holes corresponding to the connection positions of the studs 6 , The blade root pressing block 4 or the blade shroud pressing block 10 is provided with a threaded hole and a U-shaped groove corresponding to the connecting position. That is, the design of the blade root compression block 4 and the blade crown compression block 10 is as follows: a round hole is punched on the left side to facilitate bolt fixing; a U-shaped groove is opened on the right side, and the equal-length stud 6 and the nut 5 can be tightened during compression. When it is necessary to load and unload the die forging blade 7, only the nut 5 needs to be loosened to unscrew the blade root compression block 4 or the blade crown compression block 10 for loading and unloading.

In order to ensure that the positioning hole 2 on the outer end surface of the blade root and blade crown of the blade 7 meets the design requirements, the center of the positioning hole 2 coincides with the center of the three-hole drill. In the design, the positioning bar 11 is used for positioning, that is, the design determines the center of the three pinholes Tool positioned opposite the center of the drill bit. According to the diameter size of the drill bit of the three-hole drill and the structural size of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine, it is only necessary to design the center of the drill bit to be directly aligned with the center of the three pinholes.

The using method of the blade punching device of the present utility model is as follows:

Before drilling positioning hole 2, correctly install the blade drilling device on the working platform of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine according to the assembly drawing. Correctly place the die forging blade 7 on the blade punching device, and make the blade root and blade crown plane of the die forging blade 7 close to the corresponding blade root positioning block 3 and blade crown positioning block 9 planes. Adjust the Z-direction positioning position of the die forging blade 7, so that the length of the punched part at the outer end of the blade root and the blade crown meets the requirements for positioning and punching. Then close the blade root compression block 4 and the blade crown compression block 10 and tighten the bolts, determine the punching position with the punching positioning bar 11, and start the three-hole drill to punch holes.

Claims (4)

1. A blade punching device, which is arranged on a horizontal three-hole drilling machine, is characterized in that: the blade punching device includes a base plate and both side clamps, and the base plate is fixedly installed on the workbench surface of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine, The clamping parts on both sides are positioning block and pressing block from bottom to top. The positioning block is fixedly connected with the bottom plate. The blade is horizontally clamped between the positioning block and the pressing block. The outer end surface of the blade crown and the outer end surface of the blade root correspond to the drill bits of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine. 2. The blade punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fastener between the corresponding pressing block and the positioning block is a pair of double-ended studs, and the positioning block is connected to the corresponding double-ended studs The position is provided with a threaded hole, and the pressing block is provided with a threaded hole and a U-shaped groove corresponding to the connecting position. 3. The blade punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom plate is connected to the surface of the worktable of the horizontal three-hole drilling machine through a detachable fastening device. 4. The blade punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: three drill bits on the horizontal three-hole drilling machine are set corresponding to both ends of the blade, wherein: one drill bit corresponds to the center of the outer end surface of the blade crown, and the drill bit Corresponding to the left and right sides of the center of the outer end surface of the blade root.

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