CN202942961U - Combined device for separating toxic and harmful substances from household garbage - Google Patents

Combined device for separating toxic and harmful substances from household garbage Download PDF

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CN202942961U
CN202942961U CN 201220635780 CN201220635780U CN202942961U CN 202942961 U CN202942961 U CN 202942961U CN 201220635780 CN201220635780 CN 201220635780 CN 201220635780 U CN201220635780 U CN 201220635780U CN 202942961 U CN202942961 U CN 202942961U
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belt
magnetic separation
magnetic
stage
reversing
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席北斗
贾璇
李鸣晓
祝超伟
夏训峰
张列宇
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Abstract

一种分选生活垃圾中有毒有害物质的组合装置:磁分选装置结构为:顶部的两侧分别为垃圾进料口和废料出口;垃圾进料口处安装有进料皮带,进料皮带的下方开设有金属出料口,该金属出料口的下方安装有金属接料皮带;废料口连接废料皮带,该废料皮带分别连接物料出料口和物料输出皮带;一电磁分离器,安装在分选装置内部的上部;一磁选皮带,环绕在该电磁分离器的外圈上;电磁分离器的下方安装有换向反弹皮带;进料皮带与磁选皮带、换向反弹皮带的运行方向平行;金属出料皮带连接一级换向磁选皮带,一级换向磁选皮带通过磁选线皮带连接二级弹跳分选机和废料线皮带;磁选线皮带的另一端连接一级滚筒筛,一级滚筒筛通过二级滚筒筛连接一级弹跳分选机。

Figure 201220635780

A combination device for sorting toxic and harmful substances in domestic garbage: the structure of the magnetic separation device is as follows: the two sides of the top are respectively the garbage inlet and the waste outlet; the garbage inlet is equipped with a feeding belt, and the feeding belt There is a metal discharge port at the bottom, and a metal material receiving belt is installed under the metal discharge port; the waste material port is connected to the waste belt, and the waste belt is respectively connected to the material discharge port and the material output belt; The upper part inside the selection device; a magnetic separation belt, which surrounds the outer ring of the electromagnetic separator; a reversing rebound belt is installed under the electromagnetic separator; the feeding belt is parallel to the running direction of the magnetic separation belt and the reversing rebound belt The metal discharge belt is connected to the first-stage reversing magnetic separation belt, and the first-stage reversing magnetic separation belt is connected to the second-stage bounce separator and waste line belt through the magnetic separation line belt; the other end of the magnetic separation line belt is connected to the first-stage drum screen , the first-stage drum screen is connected to the first-stage bounce separator through the second-stage drum screen.

Figure 201220635780

Description

The composite set of poisonous and harmful substance in a kind of sorting house refuse
Technical field
The utility model belongs to house refuse mechanical sorting technical field, is specifically related to the composite set of poisonous and harmful substance in a kind of efficient separation house refuse.
Background technology
Fast development along with urbanization; the annual production of China's domestic waste is near 1.5 hundred million tons; China approximately has the city more than 65% to be absorbed in the predicament in house refuse besieged city; the house refuse discarded object not only affects urban look; and have a strong impact on the healthy of people, domestic garbage resource, minimizing, the innoxious important issue that becomes city environmental protection.
The processing method of house refuse comprises burning, landfill, compost etc.High due to China's domestic waste moisture, form complicated, particle size differences is large, often contains thick rubbish and can not the Composting material.These materials can affect the normal operation of refuse treatment plant, reduce the dischargeable capacity of fermentation cabin, and make compost be difficult to reach innoxious requirement, thereby affect the quality of composting production, therefore must carry out sorting to satisfy the subsequent treatment needs.The preprocess methods such as sorting can be removed thick rubbish and reduce can not the Composting content of material, and the homogenising that compost material granularity and moisture content are acquired a certain degree.Granulated garbage diminishes, and the material table area change promotes sweat thereby be convenient to microbial reproduction.
Traditional refuse classification mainly relies on rubbish source classification and manual sorting, and the method depends on the raising of social environment consciousness, and labour intensity is large, and production environment is abominable, and separating effect is undesirable.Along with the progress of mechanization, the house refuse mechanical sorting comes into one's own day by day.At present, rubbish mechanical sorting mode mainly contains cylinder screening, pneumatic separating, waterpower sorting, metal magnetic separation etc., and after mechanical grading, screenings contains the inert substances such as more masonry, the poisonous and harmful substances such as battery, lighter, affect the subsequent treatment effect, easily cause secondary pollution.The mechanical sorting line arranges that dispersion, each functional unit equipment are connected chaotic, and the efficiency of separation is generally on the low side, and floor space is large, factory building is too high, the Ground Operation insufficient space.
The magnetic separating of house refuse is a kind of method that the ferromagnetic material component is separated by the magnetic field that magnetic plant produces.Due to the ferromagnetic material in house refuse and glass, plastics and other organic mixing, and China's house refuse moisture is generally higher, and the mutual adhesion of each component has increased the sorting difficulty of metallics.The magnetic plant that conventional garbage is processed can only sub-elect the metal of the big-and-middle-sized particle of part, granule metal, semimetal, battery, lighter etc. can't be solved and organic effective sorting can be piled, poisonous and hazardous magnetic polluting waste follows material to enter the treatment and finishing sections such as compost or landfill, causes the serious wasting of resources and secondary pollution.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of composite set for separating of the poisonous and harmful substance such as battery, lighter in house refuse, to realize that in house refuse, ferromagnetic material and the effective of harmful substance separate, reduce secondary pollution, improve the defective that exists in known technology.
For achieving the above object, the composite set of poisonous and harmful substance in the sorting house refuse that the utility model provides comprises a magnetic sorting apparatus, two commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, two-stage magnetic pulley sieves, two bouncing sorters and belt conveyor; Wherein:
The magnetic sorting apparatus structure is:
The both sides at top are respectively garbage inlet and waste outlet;
The garbage inlet place is equipped with feed belt, and the below of feed belt offers the metal discharging opening, and the below of this metal discharging opening is equipped with the metal belt that connects material;
The waste material mouth connects the waste material belt, and this waste material belt connects respectively material discharging opening and material output belt;
One electromagnetic separator is arranged on the top of sorting unit inside;
One magnetic separation belt is looped around on the outer ring of this electromagnetic separator;
The below of electromagnetic separator is equipped with commutation bounce-back belt;
Feed belt is parallel with the traffic direction of magnetic separation belt, commutation bounce-back belt;
The metal outfeed belt connects one-level commutation magnetic separation belt, and one-level commutation magnetic separation belt connects secondary bouncing sorter and waste material line belt by magnetic separation line belt;
The other end of magnetic separation line belt connects the one-level rotary screen, and the one-level rotary screen sieves by two stage cylinder and connects the one-level bouncing sorter.
Described composite set, wherein, one-level commutation magnetic separation belt is installed on place, metal outfeed belt top, and secondary commutation magnetic separation belt is arranged on the place, top of secondary bouncing sorter; The roller bearing that it is magnet that the support upper and lower of commutation magnetic separation belt is respectively installed two middle parts, commutation magnetic separation belt is vertical with the metal outfeed belt, and parallel with magnetic separation line belt.
Described composite set, wherein, the speed of commutation magnetic separator band is 1~2m/s.
Described composite set, wherein, on the magnetic separation belt of commutation magnetic separation belt, the compartment of terrain is horizontally installed with the prismatic magnetic rubber strip.
Described composite set, wherein, the magnetic pulley sieve is two-stage, the mesh size of the first order magnetic pulley that is connected with magnetic separation line belt sieve is greater than the mesh size of second level magnetic pulley sieve; The magnetic pulley sieve is installed into horizontal by 1~8 degree.
Described composite set, wherein, the feed belt of sorting unit is horizontal by 5~20 degree, and outfeed belt is 5~20 degree, and material output belt is 10~30 degree.
Described composite set, wherein, the top of sorting unit is provided with the foul smell delivery outlet, and is connected with blower fan.
The utility model has the advantage of:
(1) the utility model organically combines electromagnetism separation, material commutation bounce-back, gravity separation, spring sorting, material sieving technology, and the metal of three concentration equipments goes out stockline and is connected with magnetic-separation belt conveyor, roller screen, spring machine successively; The waste material line connects magnetic-separation belt conveyor and spring machine successively, when the ferromagnetic material degree of depth is separated, poisonous and harmful waste component of different nature is carried out efficient separation by this combination, has realized the meticulous sorting of house refuse;
(2) this device is desirable to the separating effect of the poisonous and harmful substances such as the battery of different-grain diameter, lighter.The separating effect of battery, lighter can reach 100%, and the separating effect of pop can, bottle cap can effectively reduce the secondary pollution of subsequent processes more than 95%, has realized resource recycling;
(3) this device is provided with the foul smell gathering system, reduces the secondary pollution dischargings such as foul gas;
(4) this composite set adopts secondary degree of depth to separate sorting technology, and compact conformation rationally, simple structure, floor space be little, is easy to apply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is general flow chart of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is three concentration equipment schematic diagrames of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the utility model one-level rotary screen schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the utility model commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor schematic diagram.
Description of reference numerals:
1 magnetic sorting apparatus; 2 metal outfeed belts; 3 commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyors; 4 magnetic separation line belts; 5 one-level rotary screens; 6 two stage cylinder sieves; 7 one-level bouncing sorters; 8 secondary commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyors; 9 secondary bouncing sorters; 10 waste material line belts; 11 garbage inlets; 12 feed belts; 13 odour collection conduit; 14 electromagnetic separators; 15 magnetic separation belts; 16 commutation bounce-back belt feeders; 17 metal discharging openings; 18 waste outlets; 19 material outlets; 20 material output belts; 21 roller bearings; 22 permanent magnets; 23 magnetic separation belts; 24 rotary screen baffle plates.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is comprised of a cover magnetic separation screening device, two commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyors, two-stage magnetic pulley sieve, two bouncing sorters and belt conveyor etc.
House refuse is separated sorting through three concentration equipments, the ferromagnetic material that the metal discharging opening sub-elects carries out the secondary magnetic separation under the effect of commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, the ferromagnetic materials that sorting obtains sieves through the two-stage rotary screen, obtain respectively the ferromagnetic material of different size, screenings reclaims different densities poisonous and harmful substances such as lighter, batteries through bouncing sorter.Waste material line belt top is equipped with another commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, the waste material that the secondary magnetic separation is produced carries out sorting again, further reclaim ferromagnetic material, after sorting, material is collected poisonous and harmful substance through the bouncing sorter effect, and the inert substances such as residue masonry, glass enter landfill yard through waste material line belt.
Further, described three concentration equipments are the up and down double-layer structure, apart from device top 1/5~1/3 At The Height, electromagnetic separator are installed, and are connected with magnetic-separation belt conveyor; Apart from device top 2/5~2/3 At The Height, material commutation bounce-back belt is installed.When material after the feed belt machine is brought three concentration equipments into, enter commutator and change its direction of motion, deliver to the oblique angle conveyer belt from certain altitude, be separated with the material of conveyer belt generation elastic collision, as masonry, footwear, rubber etc., deliver to waste material line landfill by the output belt feeder and dispose.The higher rubbish of the residue content of organic matter is exported belt feeder by material and is delivered to follow-up composting device.Ferromagnetic material enters the magnetic separation line through the metal belt feeder that connects material under the acting in conjunction of electromagnetic separator and magnetic separation belt.
Further, described three concentration equipment charging apertures are positioned at the device top, and the metal discharging opening is positioned under charging aperture; The waste material delivery outlet of opposite side is positioned in the middle part of device, and the material delivery outlet is positioned under the waste material delivery outlet.Wherein, feed belt is horizontal by 5~20 degree, and outfeed belt is 5~20 degree, and material output belt is 10~30 degree.
Further, described three concentration equipment tops are provided with the foul smell delivery outlet, and are connected with blower fan, are used for the real-time collecting of assorting room foul gas, reduce the secondary pollution discharging.
Further, described commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor is comprised of magnet, conveyer belt, roller bearing, motor, support etc.Wherein, magnetic-separation belt conveyor is installed on 30~60cm place, three concentration equipment metal outfeed belt tops, and the support upper and lower is respectively installed 2 roller bearings, and up and down roller bearing diameter proportion is 1: 2~1: 10; The roller bearing middle part is large-scale magnet (permanent magnet or electromagnet), and the magnetic separation belt is vertical with outfeed belt, and is parallel with magnetic separation line belt.Belt for magnetic separator speed is 1~2m/s.
Further, on the magnetic separation belt of described commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, interval 5~30cm is horizontally installed with six prismatic magnetic rubber strips, and the magnetic stripe design more is conducive to the absorption of small particle diameter magnetic material and captures, and effectively improves efficiency of magnetic separation.
Further, the spring belt of described bouncing sorter is spent the angle horizontal by 1~5.
Further, described rotary screen is comprised of shell, belt pulley, bar shaped screen cloth, support, baffle plate, engine.Through the ferromagnetic material that selects of the mixing of elementary magnetic separation, bring rotary screen into through magnetic separation line belt, with the rotation of 0.2~1.5m/s speed, collect after screening by varigrained material under belt pulley drives for rotary screen.
Further, described two-stage rotary screen is bar shaped screen hole, and the aperture is respectively 5~10cm and 2~5cm, and rotary screen is horizontal by 1~8 degree.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is done and illustrated in greater detail.
The ferromagnetism composting of house refuse after three concentration equipment 1 sortings acts on further magnetic separation through one-level commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 under the conveying of metal outfeed belt 2, isolated ferromagnetic material enters respectively one-level rotary screen 5 under magnetic separation line belt 4 is carried and two stage cylinder sieve 6 sieves, sub-elect the ferromagnetic material of different size, wherein oversize through one-level bouncing sorter 7 with poisonous and harmful substance separated and collected such as battery, lighter.Waste material after magnetic separation carries out degree of depth sorting under the effect of secondary commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 8, isolated ferromagnetic material is again through secondary bouncing sorter 9, poisonous and harmful substance residual in rubbish is reclaimed, the residue inert material carries out landfill disposal through waste material line belt 10, thereby realizes the separation of poisonous and harmful substance.
A specific embodiment is as follows:
The destructor plant for the treatment of capacity 1,000 ten thousand ton per days, house refuse enters magnetic sorting apparatus 1 under the conveying of feed belt 12 through charging aperture 11, the high 6m of this magnetic sorting apparatus, the top is provided with foul gas collection conduit 13, electromagnetic separator 14 and magnetic separation belt 15 are positioned at 5.5 meters eminences of device, and vertical lower 1 meter is commutation bounce-back belt feeder 16.Garbage inlet 11 is horizontal by 8 degree angles, and feed belt 12 is wide be 160cm, and metal discharging opening 17 is positioned under charging aperture 11, and the metal wide 80cm of belt 2 that connects material, direction and feed belt are 90 and spend.Rubbish is after magnetic separation and commutation bounce-back sorting, and the hard-degraded substances such as masonry, glass, footwear, rubber are delivered to the waste material line through waste outlet 18, and waste outlet 18 is horizontal by 8 degree.Wherein masonry is used as construction material or landfill, glass, the recycling of rubber-like material, and waste material line belt 10 is wide is 80cm.The material that after sorting, the residue content of organic matter is higher is delivered to follow-up fermentation warehouse through material outlet 19 through material output belt 20, and the metallics that sub-elects is transported to commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 through metal discharging opening 17 and carries out degree of depth sorting.Ferromagnetic material on metal outfeed belt 2 is adsorbed on the belt 23 of the permanent magnet 22 bottom magnetic sections between commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 roller bearings 21, and moves to an end with belt.When magnetic separation belt 23 left magnetic area, ferromagnetic material will split away off under Action of Gravity Field, enters the magnetic separation line.The magnetic separation belt is wide is 80cm, and the material feed belt speed that magnetic separator passes through is no more than 1m/s, and magnet should be less than 50cm apart from the height of sorted material.
House refuse through magnetic sorting apparatus 1 and one-level commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 separate sorting after, the ferromagnetic material that contains higher metal successively enters one-level rotary screen 5 (bar shaped screen holes under magnetic separation line belt conveyor 4 drives, spacing 8cm), be mainly used in larger the metallics such as sorting pop can and two stage cylinder sieve 6 (bar shaped screen holes, spacing 3cm), be mainly used in the smallclothes metallicses such as sorting bottle cap, rotary screen and horizontal plane all are 1.5 and spend the angle, discharge end is provided with baffle plate 24, is convenient to material collection.Under the effect of screenings at bouncing sorter after screening, the poisonous and harmful substances such as lighter, battery are reclaimed respectively.
House refuse through magnetic sorting apparatus 1 and one-level commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 separate sorting after, leftover materials enter the waste material line, secondary commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 8 and secondary bouncing sorter 9 are installed, to the further separated and collected of poisonous and harmful substance remaining in waste material above the waste material line.
House refuse is after composite set sorting of the present utility model, and the old metal class magnetisable material efficiency of separation is 98%, and the poisonous and harmful substance efficiencies of separation such as battery, lighter are 100%.Simultaneously, the hard-degraded substances such as masonry, footwear, glass are also effectively separated, and have significantly reduced poisonous and harmful substance content in rubbish, are conducive to the raising of garbage compost product quality.

Claims (7)

1.一种分选生活垃圾中有毒有害物质的组合装置,其特征在于,包括一台磁分选装置、两台换向磁选皮带机、两级磁性滚筒筛、两台弹跳分选机和输送皮带;其中:1. A combination device for sorting toxic and harmful substances in domestic waste, characterized in that it includes a magnetic separation device, two reversing magnetic separation belt conveyors, two-stage magnetic drum screens, two bounce separators and Conveyor belts; of which: 磁分选装置结构为:The structure of the magnetic separation device is: 顶部的两侧分别为垃圾进料口和废料出口;The two sides of the top are the garbage inlet and the waste outlet respectively; 垃圾进料口处安装有进料皮带,进料皮带的下方开设有金属出料口,该金属出料口的下方安装有金属接料皮带;A feeding belt is installed at the garbage inlet, and a metal outlet is provided under the feeding belt, and a metal receiving belt is installed under the metal outlet; 废料口连接废料皮带,该废料皮带分别连接物料出料口和物料输出皮带;The waste material port is connected to the waste material belt, and the waste material belt is respectively connected to the material discharge port and the material output belt; 一电磁分离器,安装在分选装置内部的上部;An electromagnetic separator installed on the upper part inside the sorting device; 一磁选皮带,环绕在该电磁分离器的外圈上;A magnetic separation belt looped around the outer ring of the electromagnetic separator; 电磁分离器的下方安装有换向反弹皮带;A reversing rebound belt is installed under the electromagnetic separator; 进料皮带与磁选皮带、换向反弹皮带的运行方向平行;The feeding belt is parallel to the running direction of the magnetic separation belt and the reversing rebound belt; 金属出料皮带连接一级换向磁选皮带,一级换向磁选皮带通过磁选线皮带连接二级弹跳分选机和废料线皮带;The metal discharge belt is connected to the first-stage reversing magnetic separation belt, and the first-stage reversing magnetic separation belt is connected to the second-stage bounce separator and waste line belt through the magnetic separation line belt; 磁选线皮带的另一端连接一级滚筒筛,一级滚筒筛通过二级滚筒筛连接一级弹跳分选机。The other end of the magnetic separation line belt is connected to the first-stage trommel, and the first-stage trommel is connected to the first-stage bounce separator through the second-stage trommel. 2.根据权利要求1所述的组合装置,其特征在于,一级换向磁选皮带安装于金属出料皮带上方处,二级换向磁选皮带安装在二级弹跳分选机的上方处;换向磁选皮带的支架上下方各安装两个中部为磁铁的滚轴,换向磁选皮带与金属出料皮带垂直,且与磁选线皮带平行。2. The combination device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first-level reversing magnetic separation belt is installed above the metal discharge belt, and the second-level reversing magnetic separation belt is installed above the second-level bounce separator Two rollers with magnets in the middle are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the support of the reversing magnetic separation belt, and the reversing magnetic separation belt is perpendicular to the metal discharge belt and parallel to the magnetic separation line belt. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的组合装置,其特征在于,换向磁选机带的速度为1~2m/s。3. The combined device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the speed of reversing the magnetic separator belt is 1-2 m/s. 4.根据权利要求3所述的组合装置,其特征在于,换向磁选皮带的磁选皮带上间隔地横向安装有棱柱型磁性胶条。4. The combined device according to claim 3, characterized in that prismatic magnetic adhesive strips are installed laterally at intervals on the magnetic separation belt of the reversing magnetic separation belt. 5.根据权利要求1所述的组合装置,其特征在于,磁性滚筒筛为两级,与磁选线皮带连接的第一级磁性滚筒筛的筛网孔径大于第二级磁性滚筒筛的筛网孔径;磁性滚筒筛安装进与水平面呈1~8度。5. The combined device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic drum screen has two stages, and the screen aperture of the first-stage magnetic drum screen connected with the magnetic separation belt is larger than the screen cloth of the second-stage magnetic drum screen Aperture: The installation of the magnetic drum sieve is 1 to 8 degrees from the horizontal plane. 6.根据权利要求1所述的组合装置,其特征在于,分选装置的进料皮带与水平面呈5~20度,出料皮带呈5~20度,物料输出皮带呈10~30度。6. The combined device according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the feed belt and the horizontal plane of the sorting device is 5-20 degrees, the discharge belt is 5-20 degrees, and the material output belt is 10-30 degrees. 7.根据权利要求1所述的组合装置,其特征在于,分选装置的顶端设有臭气输出口,并与风机相连。7. The combined device according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the sorting device is provided with an odor output port, which is connected with a fan.
CN 201220635780 2012-11-27 2012-11-27 Combined device for separating toxic and harmful substances from household garbage Expired - Fee Related CN202942961U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102921548A (en) * 2012-11-27 2013-02-13 中国环境科学研究院 Combined device and method for sorting toxic and harmful substances in household garbage

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102921548A (en) * 2012-11-27 2013-02-13 中国环境科学研究院 Combined device and method for sorting toxic and harmful substances in household garbage

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