The composite set of poisonous and harmful substance in a kind of sorting house refuse
Technical field
The utility model belongs to house refuse mechanical sorting technical field, is specifically related to the composite set of poisonous and harmful substance in a kind of efficient separation house refuse.
Background technology
Fast development along with urbanization; the annual production of China's domestic waste is near 1.5 hundred million tons; China approximately has the city more than 65% to be absorbed in the predicament in house refuse besieged city; the house refuse discarded object not only affects urban look; and have a strong impact on the healthy of people, domestic garbage resource, minimizing, the innoxious important issue that becomes city environmental protection.
The processing method of house refuse comprises burning, landfill, compost etc.High due to China's domestic waste moisture, form complicated, particle size differences is large, often contains thick rubbish and can not the Composting material.These materials can affect the normal operation of refuse treatment plant, reduce the dischargeable capacity of fermentation cabin, and make compost be difficult to reach innoxious requirement, thereby affect the quality of composting production, therefore must carry out sorting to satisfy the subsequent treatment needs.The preprocess methods such as sorting can be removed thick rubbish and reduce can not the Composting content of material, and the homogenising that compost material granularity and moisture content are acquired a certain degree.Granulated garbage diminishes, and the material table area change promotes sweat thereby be convenient to microbial reproduction.
Traditional refuse classification mainly relies on rubbish source classification and manual sorting, and the method depends on the raising of social environment consciousness, and labour intensity is large, and production environment is abominable, and separating effect is undesirable.Along with the progress of mechanization, the house refuse mechanical sorting comes into one's own day by day.At present, rubbish mechanical sorting mode mainly contains cylinder screening, pneumatic separating, waterpower sorting, metal magnetic separation etc., and after mechanical grading, screenings contains the inert substances such as more masonry, the poisonous and harmful substances such as battery, lighter, affect the subsequent treatment effect, easily cause secondary pollution.The mechanical sorting line arranges that dispersion, each functional unit equipment are connected chaotic, and the efficiency of separation is generally on the low side, and floor space is large, factory building is too high, the Ground Operation insufficient space.
The magnetic separating of house refuse is a kind of method that the ferromagnetic material component is separated by the magnetic field that magnetic plant produces.Due to the ferromagnetic material in house refuse and glass, plastics and other organic mixing, and China's house refuse moisture is generally higher, and the mutual adhesion of each component has increased the sorting difficulty of metallics.The magnetic plant that conventional garbage is processed can only sub-elect the metal of the big-and-middle-sized particle of part, granule metal, semimetal, battery, lighter etc. can't be solved and organic effective sorting can be piled, poisonous and hazardous magnetic polluting waste follows material to enter the treatment and finishing sections such as compost or landfill, causes the serious wasting of resources and secondary pollution.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of composite set for separating of the poisonous and harmful substance such as battery, lighter in house refuse, to realize that in house refuse, ferromagnetic material and the effective of harmful substance separate, reduce secondary pollution, improve the defective that exists in known technology.
For achieving the above object, the composite set of poisonous and harmful substance in the sorting house refuse that the utility model provides comprises a magnetic sorting apparatus, two commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, two-stage magnetic pulley sieves, two bouncing sorters and belt conveyor; Wherein:
The magnetic sorting apparatus structure is:
The both sides at top are respectively garbage inlet and waste outlet;
The garbage inlet place is equipped with feed belt, and the below of feed belt offers the metal discharging opening, and the below of this metal discharging opening is equipped with the metal belt that connects material;
The waste material mouth connects the waste material belt, and this waste material belt connects respectively material discharging opening and material output belt;
One electromagnetic separator is arranged on the top of sorting unit inside;
One magnetic separation belt is looped around on the outer ring of this electromagnetic separator;
The below of electromagnetic separator is equipped with commutation bounce-back belt;
Feed belt is parallel with the traffic direction of magnetic separation belt, commutation bounce-back belt;
The metal outfeed belt connects one-level commutation magnetic separation belt, and one-level commutation magnetic separation belt connects secondary bouncing sorter and waste material line belt by magnetic separation line belt;
The other end of magnetic separation line belt connects the one-level rotary screen, and the one-level rotary screen sieves by two stage cylinder and connects the one-level bouncing sorter.
Described composite set, wherein, one-level commutation magnetic separation belt is installed on place, metal outfeed belt top, and secondary commutation magnetic separation belt is arranged on the place, top of secondary bouncing sorter; The roller bearing that it is magnet that the support upper and lower of commutation magnetic separation belt is respectively installed two middle parts, commutation magnetic separation belt is vertical with the metal outfeed belt, and parallel with magnetic separation line belt.
Described composite set, wherein, the speed of commutation magnetic separator band is 1~2m/s.
Described composite set, wherein, on the magnetic separation belt of commutation magnetic separation belt, the compartment of terrain is horizontally installed with the prismatic magnetic rubber strip.
Described composite set, wherein, the magnetic pulley sieve is two-stage, the mesh size of the first order magnetic pulley that is connected with magnetic separation line belt sieve is greater than the mesh size of second level magnetic pulley sieve; The magnetic pulley sieve is installed into horizontal by 1~8 degree.
Described composite set, wherein, the feed belt of sorting unit is horizontal by 5~20 degree, and outfeed belt is 5~20 degree, and material output belt is 10~30 degree.
Described composite set, wherein, the top of sorting unit is provided with the foul smell delivery outlet, and is connected with blower fan.
The utility model has the advantage of:
(1) the utility model organically combines electromagnetism separation, material commutation bounce-back, gravity separation, spring sorting, material sieving technology, and the metal of three concentration equipments goes out stockline and is connected with magnetic-separation belt conveyor, roller screen, spring machine successively; The waste material line connects magnetic-separation belt conveyor and spring machine successively, when the ferromagnetic material degree of depth is separated, poisonous and harmful waste component of different nature is carried out efficient separation by this combination, has realized the meticulous sorting of house refuse;
(2) this device is desirable to the separating effect of the poisonous and harmful substances such as the battery of different-grain diameter, lighter.The separating effect of battery, lighter can reach 100%, and the separating effect of pop can, bottle cap can effectively reduce the secondary pollution of subsequent processes more than 95%, has realized resource recycling;
(3) this device is provided with the foul smell gathering system, reduces the secondary pollution dischargings such as foul gas;
(4) this composite set adopts secondary degree of depth to separate sorting technology, and compact conformation rationally, simple structure, floor space be little, is easy to apply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is general flow chart of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is three concentration equipment schematic diagrames of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the utility model one-level rotary screen schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the utility model commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor schematic diagram.
Description of reference numerals:
1 magnetic sorting apparatus; 2 metal outfeed belts; 3 commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyors; 4 magnetic separation line belts; 5 one-level rotary screens; 6 two stage cylinder sieves; 7 one-level bouncing sorters; 8 secondary commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyors; 9 secondary bouncing sorters; 10 waste material line belts; 11 garbage inlets; 12 feed belts; 13 odour collection conduit; 14 electromagnetic separators; 15 magnetic separation belts; 16 commutation bounce-back belt feeders; 17 metal discharging openings; 18 waste outlets; 19 material outlets; 20 material output belts; 21 roller bearings; 22 permanent magnets; 23 magnetic separation belts; 24 rotary screen baffle plates.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is comprised of a cover magnetic separation screening device, two commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyors, two-stage magnetic pulley sieve, two bouncing sorters and belt conveyor etc.
House refuse is separated sorting through three concentration equipments, the ferromagnetic material that the metal discharging opening sub-elects carries out the secondary magnetic separation under the effect of commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, the ferromagnetic materials that sorting obtains sieves through the two-stage rotary screen, obtain respectively the ferromagnetic material of different size, screenings reclaims different densities poisonous and harmful substances such as lighter, batteries through bouncing sorter.Waste material line belt top is equipped with another commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, the waste material that the secondary magnetic separation is produced carries out sorting again, further reclaim ferromagnetic material, after sorting, material is collected poisonous and harmful substance through the bouncing sorter effect, and the inert substances such as residue masonry, glass enter landfill yard through waste material line belt.
Further, described three concentration equipments are the up and down double-layer structure, apart from device top 1/5~1/3 At The Height, electromagnetic separator are installed, and are connected with magnetic-separation belt conveyor; Apart from device top 2/5~2/3 At The Height, material commutation bounce-back belt is installed.When material after the feed belt machine is brought three concentration equipments into, enter commutator and change its direction of motion, deliver to the oblique angle conveyer belt from certain altitude, be separated with the material of conveyer belt generation elastic collision, as masonry, footwear, rubber etc., deliver to waste material line landfill by the output belt feeder and dispose.The higher rubbish of the residue content of organic matter is exported belt feeder by material and is delivered to follow-up composting device.Ferromagnetic material enters the magnetic separation line through the metal belt feeder that connects material under the acting in conjunction of electromagnetic separator and magnetic separation belt.
Further, described three concentration equipment charging apertures are positioned at the device top, and the metal discharging opening is positioned under charging aperture; The waste material delivery outlet of opposite side is positioned in the middle part of device, and the material delivery outlet is positioned under the waste material delivery outlet.Wherein, feed belt is horizontal by 5~20 degree, and outfeed belt is 5~20 degree, and material output belt is 10~30 degree.
Further, described three concentration equipment tops are provided with the foul smell delivery outlet, and are connected with blower fan, are used for the real-time collecting of assorting room foul gas, reduce the secondary pollution discharging.
Further, described commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor is comprised of magnet, conveyer belt, roller bearing, motor, support etc.Wherein, magnetic-separation belt conveyor is installed on 30~60cm place, three concentration equipment metal outfeed belt tops, and the support upper and lower is respectively installed 2 roller bearings, and up and down roller bearing diameter proportion is 1: 2~1: 10; The roller bearing middle part is large-scale magnet (permanent magnet or electromagnet), and the magnetic separation belt is vertical with outfeed belt, and is parallel with magnetic separation line belt.Belt for magnetic separator speed is 1~2m/s.
Further, on the magnetic separation belt of described commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, interval 5~30cm is horizontally installed with six prismatic magnetic rubber strips, and the magnetic stripe design more is conducive to the absorption of small particle diameter magnetic material and captures, and effectively improves efficiency of magnetic separation.
Further, the spring belt of described bouncing sorter is spent the angle horizontal by 1~5.
Further, described rotary screen is comprised of shell, belt pulley, bar shaped screen cloth, support, baffle plate, engine.Through the ferromagnetic material that selects of the mixing of elementary magnetic separation, bring rotary screen into through magnetic separation line belt, with the rotation of 0.2~1.5m/s speed, collect after screening by varigrained material under belt pulley drives for rotary screen.
Further, described two-stage rotary screen is bar shaped screen hole, and the aperture is respectively 5~10cm and 2~5cm, and rotary screen is horizontal by 1~8 degree.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is done and illustrated in greater detail.
The ferromagnetism composting of house refuse after three concentration equipment 1 sortings acts on further magnetic separation through one-level commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 under the conveying of metal outfeed belt 2, isolated ferromagnetic material enters respectively one-level rotary screen 5 under magnetic separation line belt 4 is carried and two stage cylinder sieve 6 sieves, sub-elect the ferromagnetic material of different size, wherein oversize through one-level bouncing sorter 7 with poisonous and harmful substance separated and collected such as battery, lighter.Waste material after magnetic separation carries out degree of depth sorting under the effect of secondary commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 8, isolated ferromagnetic material is again through secondary bouncing sorter 9, poisonous and harmful substance residual in rubbish is reclaimed, the residue inert material carries out landfill disposal through waste material line belt 10, thereby realizes the separation of poisonous and harmful substance.
A specific embodiment is as follows:
The destructor plant for the treatment of capacity 1,000 ten thousand ton per days, house refuse enters magnetic sorting apparatus 1 under the conveying of feed belt 12 through charging aperture 11, the high 6m of this magnetic sorting apparatus, the top is provided with foul gas collection conduit 13, electromagnetic separator 14 and magnetic separation belt 15 are positioned at 5.5 meters eminences of device, and vertical lower 1 meter is commutation bounce-back belt feeder 16.Garbage inlet 11 is horizontal by 8 degree angles, and feed belt 12 is wide be 160cm, and metal discharging opening 17 is positioned under charging aperture 11, and the metal wide 80cm of belt 2 that connects material, direction and feed belt are 90 and spend.Rubbish is after magnetic separation and commutation bounce-back sorting, and the hard-degraded substances such as masonry, glass, footwear, rubber are delivered to the waste material line through waste outlet 18, and waste outlet 18 is horizontal by 8 degree.Wherein masonry is used as construction material or landfill, glass, the recycling of rubber-like material, and waste material line belt 10 is wide is 80cm.The material that after sorting, the residue content of organic matter is higher is delivered to follow-up fermentation warehouse through material outlet 19 through material output belt 20, and the metallics that sub-elects is transported to commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 through metal discharging opening 17 and carries out degree of depth sorting.Ferromagnetic material on metal outfeed belt 2 is adsorbed on the belt 23 of the permanent magnet 22 bottom magnetic sections between commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 roller bearings 21, and moves to an end with belt.When magnetic separation belt 23 left magnetic area, ferromagnetic material will split away off under Action of Gravity Field, enters the magnetic separation line.The magnetic separation belt is wide is 80cm, and the material feed belt speed that magnetic separator passes through is no more than 1m/s, and magnet should be less than 50cm apart from the height of sorted material.
House refuse through magnetic sorting apparatus 1 and one-level commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 separate sorting after, the ferromagnetic material that contains higher metal successively enters one-level rotary screen 5 (bar shaped screen holes under magnetic separation line belt conveyor 4 drives, spacing 8cm), be mainly used in larger the metallics such as sorting pop can and two stage cylinder sieve 6 (bar shaped screen holes, spacing 3cm), be mainly used in the smallclothes metallicses such as sorting bottle cap, rotary screen and horizontal plane all are 1.5 and spend the angle, discharge end is provided with baffle plate 24, is convenient to material collection.Under the effect of screenings at bouncing sorter after screening, the poisonous and harmful substances such as lighter, battery are reclaimed respectively.
House refuse through magnetic sorting apparatus 1 and one-level commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 3 separate sorting after, leftover materials enter the waste material line, secondary commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor 8 and secondary bouncing sorter 9 are installed, to the further separated and collected of poisonous and harmful substance remaining in waste material above the waste material line.
House refuse is after composite set sorting of the present utility model, and the old metal class magnetisable material efficiency of separation is 98%, and the poisonous and harmful substance efficiencies of separation such as battery, lighter are 100%.Simultaneously, the hard-degraded substances such as masonry, footwear, glass are also effectively separated, and have significantly reduced poisonous and harmful substance content in rubbish, are conducive to the raising of garbage compost product quality.