CN202926204U - Rock cracking drilling machine and rotary cutting impact drilling system thereof - Google Patents
Rock cracking drilling machine and rotary cutting impact drilling system thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202926204U CN202926204U CN 201220643367 CN201220643367U CN202926204U CN 202926204 U CN202926204 U CN 202926204U CN 201220643367 CN201220643367 CN 201220643367 CN 201220643367 U CN201220643367 U CN 201220643367U CN 202926204 U CN202926204 U CN 202926204U
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- drilling rod
- sleeve
- drilling
- energy
- rotary
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000002965 rope Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003116 impacting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model relates to a rock cracking drilling machine and a rotary cutting impact drilling system thereof. The rotary cutting impact drilling system comprises an inner pipe and a drill stem coaxially sleeved on the periphery of the inner pipe, and also comprises an impactor used for inputting a vibration impaction force to a drill bit, wherein the impactor comprises an impact sleeve which is coaxially arranged in an annular space between the inner pipe and the drill stem and is capable of moving and impacting the drill bit up and down, a spring support is arranged on the inner wall of the drill stem and is positioned above the impaction sleeve, an energy storage spring supports against between the spring support and the impaction sleeve, a lifting steel rope axially extending along the drill stem is connected to the impaction sleeve, the impactor also comprises a lifting mechanism which drives the impaction sleeve to upwards move by pulling the lifting steel rope and ensures that the impaction sleeve compresses the energy storage spring to store energy, and the lifting mechanism releases the lifting steel rope to ensure that the impaction sleeve impacts the drill bit under the common function of self gravity and the energy release of the energy storage spring after the energy storage spring stores the energy. The rotary cutting impact drilling system is simple in structure and lower in manufacture cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to piling machinery equipment, relates in particular to a kind of rock entering drilling machine and rotary-cut percussion drilling system thereof.
Background technology
For the drill bit that can make rig pierces in rock smoothly, often need to enter smoothly rock to what the impact energy that drill bit applies certain frequency could realize drill bit, this rig that digs rock that can bore is called rock entering drilling machine.rotary-cut percussion drilling system plays vital effect to the drilling effect of a rock entering drilling machine, the rotary-cut percussion drilling system as disclosed in Chinese patent CN202227979U " the stake work unit head of a kind of hydraulic vibration impactor and formation thereof " of existing rock entering drilling machine, stake work unit head comprises for direct or indirect concrete perfusion, the water that reverse circulation creeps into or the inner tube of mud, the periphery coaxial sleeve of inner tube is equipped with protection cylinder (being drilling rod), the lower end spline of protection cylinder is connected with drill bit, stake work unit head also comprises to the actuating unit of described protection cylinder and drill bit output driving torque, be provided with on inner pipe the hydraulic vibration impactor that applies impact energy to drill bit.During work, inner tube is not rotated, and protection cylinder and drill bit rotate under the driving of actuating unit, and the hydraulic vibration impactor applies the vibratory impulse energy of certain frequency to unit head, while like this drill bit can rotate, vibrate carry out drilling construction.Although existing this stake work unit head has been realized the course of work of vibro-drilling, but adopt the hydraulic vibration impactor to apply the vibratory impulse energy to drill bit, the complex structure of hydraulic vibration impactor, and the manufacture difficulty of each hydraulic packing element is large, cause the cost of hydraulic vibration impactor very high, finally cause a manufacturing cost of work unit head very high, be unfavorable for the popularization of equipment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of simple in structure, rotary-cut percussion drilling system that manufacturing cost is lower; The purpose of this utility model also is to provide a kind of rock entering drilling machine that uses this rotary-cut percussion drilling system.
In order to address the above problem, in the utility model, the technical scheme of rotary-cut percussion drilling system is:
a kind of rotary-cut percussion drilling system of rock entering drilling machine, comprise inner tube and peripheral coaxial sheathed drilling rod thereof, the lower end of drilling rod is used for being in transmission connection with drill bit, described rotary-cut percussion drilling system also comprises for the impactor to drill bit output vibratory impulse power, described impactor comprises in the coaxial annular space that is arranged between described inner tube and drilling rod, and can move up and down the impact sleeve of drill hammer, top in impact sleeve on the inwall of described drilling rod is provided with spring fastening, be top-loaded with energy-stored spring between described spring fastening and described impact sleeve, be connected with on described impact sleeve along the axially extended boom hoist cable of drilling rod, described impactor also comprises by pulling boom hoist cable to drive on described impact sleeve and moving, and make impact sleeve compress the hoisting mechanism of described energy-stored spring energy storage, described hoisting mechanism unclamps described boom hoist cable and makes described impact sleeve drill hammer under the acting in conjunction of deadweight and energy-stored spring release energy after the energy-stored spring energy storage finishes.
Described hoisting mechanism is that mechanical type hoisting mechanism, air lift type hoisting mechanism or liquid are lifted the formula hoisting mechanism.
The driving mechanism of described rotary-cut percussion drilling system comprises rotary power output block and the coaxial drilling rod adapter sleeve that is fixed on described drilling rod upper end that is arranged at described drilling rod upper end, described rotary power output block and described drilling rod adapter sleeve are in transmission connection by spline fitted, and the relatively described rotary power output block of described drilling rod adapter sleeve can move axially.
The upper and lower side of described drilling rod adapter sleeve turns up respectively upper block convex edge and lower flange, described lower flange is bolted structure and coaxial being connected in described drilling rod upper end, described upper block convex edge is used for coordinating and stoping described drilling rod adapter sleeve to move down with described rotary power output block block, the axial transmission fit dimension of described rotary power output block and described drilling rod adapter sleeve is less than the spacing between described upper block convex edge and described lower flange, and described spacing forms impacts the free gap.
The upper end of described inner tube is installed with the hopper of expecting that the chamber communicates with the endoporus of described inner tube, be provided with endoporus and the vertical wire rope poling that is communicated with of the endoporus of described drilling rod in described hopper, described boom hoist cable is connected on described hoisting mechanism after passing in described wire rope poling.
the technical scheme of rotary-cut percussion drilling system is: comprise inner tube and peripheral coaxial sheathed drilling rod thereof, the lower end of drilling rod is used for being in transmission connection with drill bit, described rotary-cut percussion drilling system also comprises for the impactor to drill bit output vibratory impulse power, described impactor comprises in the coaxial annular space that is arranged between described inner tube and drilling rod, and can move up and down the impact sleeve of drill hammer, top in impact sleeve on the inwall of described drilling rod is provided with spring fastening, be top-loaded with energy-stored spring between described spring fastening and described impact sleeve, be connected with on described impact sleeve along the axially extended boom hoist cable of drilling rod, described impactor also comprises by pulling boom hoist cable to drive on described impact sleeve and moving, and make impact sleeve compress the hoisting mechanism of described energy-stored spring energy storage, described hoisting mechanism unclamps described boom hoist cable and makes described impact sleeve drill hammer under the acting in conjunction of deadweight and energy-stored spring release energy after the energy-stored spring energy storage finishes.
Described hoisting mechanism is that mechanical type hoisting mechanism, air lift type hoisting mechanism or liquid are lifted the formula hoisting mechanism.
The driving mechanism of described rotary-cut percussion drilling system comprises rotary power output block and the coaxial drilling rod adapter sleeve that is fixed on described drilling rod upper end that is arranged at described drilling rod upper end, described rotary power output block and described drilling rod adapter sleeve are in transmission connection by spline fitted, and the relatively described rotary power output block of described drilling rod adapter sleeve can move axially.
The upper and lower side of described drilling rod adapter sleeve turns up respectively upper block convex edge and lower flange, described lower flange is bolted structure and coaxial being connected in described drilling rod upper end, described upper block convex edge is used for coordinating and stoping described drilling rod adapter sleeve to move down with described rotary power output block block, the axial transmission fit dimension of described rotary power output block and described drilling rod adapter sleeve is less than the spacing between described upper block convex edge and described lower flange, and described spacing forms impacts the free gap.
The upper end of described inner tube is installed with the hopper of expecting that the chamber communicates with the endoporus of described inner tube, be provided with endoporus and the vertical wire rope poling that is communicated with of the endoporus of described drilling rod in described hopper, described boom hoist cable is connected on described hoisting mechanism after passing in described wire rope poling.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: when carrying out drilling construction, hoisting mechanism pulls on impact sleeve by wire rope and moves, in the process of moving on impact sleeve, and the energy storage of impact sleeve compressing energy-stored spring; After the energy-stored spring energy storage finished, hoisting mechanism unclamped boom hoist cable, and impact sleeve impacts drill bit under the acting in conjunction of dead weight and energy-stored spring release energy.Drill bit can be while rotating, vibrating, thereby realize that entering accordingly rock creeps into, the use of energy-stored spring, increased on the one hand the impact force of impact sleeve to drill bit, shortened the shift motion of impact sleeve, by increasing the downward impact velocity of impact sleeve, increased in the unit interval frequency of impact of impact sleeve to drill bit simultaneously.Impactor in the utility model is simple in structure, there is no the complicated large hydraulic packing element of manufacture difficulty, greatly reduces manufacturing cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of rotary-cut percussion drilling system in the utility model rock entering drilling machine embodiment, is also simultaneously the structural representation of an embodiment of rotary-cut percussion drilling system in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of the A part in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the enlarged diagram of the B part in Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
A kind of embodiment of rock entering drilling machine is as shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3: comprise walking mechanism and the rotary-cut percussion drilling system that is arranged on walking mechanism, rotary-cut percussion drilling system comprises inner tube 6 and the coaxial sheathed drilling rod 7 of periphery thereof, inner tube 6 has the water that creeps into for directly or indirectly concrete perfusion, reverse circulation or the endoporus of mud, the lower end of drilling rod 7 is fixedly installed drill bit 1, and drill bit 1 coordinates with inner tube 6 rotary seals.rotary-cut percussion drilling system also comprises to the impactor of drill bit output vibratory impulse power, impactor comprises the impact sleeve 11 in the gap that is arranged between inner tube 6 and drilling rod 7, impact sleeve 11 is being set on inner tube 6 of guiding movement along the vertical direction, be provided with spring fastening 8 in the top of impact sleeve 11 on the inwall of drilling rod 7, be top-loaded with energy-stored spring 9 between the upper end of spring fastening 8 and impact sleeve 11, energy-stored spring 9 is located on the periphery of inner tube 6, the lower end of impact sleeve 11 and drill bit 1 are in transmission connection, the upper end of impact sleeve 11 is connected with boom hoist cable 10, impactor also comprises by pulling boom hoist cable 10 to drive on impact sleeves 11 and moving, and make the hoisting mechanism of impact sleeve 11 compressed energy-storage spring 9 energy storage, hoisting mechanism unclamps boom hoist cable 10 and makes impact sleeve 11 drill hammer 1 under the acting in conjunction of deadweight and energy-stored spring 9 release energy after energy-stored spring 9 energy storage finish.The upper end of inner tube 6 is installed with the hopper supporting seat; be installed with the hopper 12 of expecting that the chamber communicates with the endoporus of inner tube on the hopper supporting seat; hopper 12 is used for to inner tube concrete perfusion 14; be provided with the wire rope poling 13 that endoporus communicates with the endoporus of drilling rod 7 in hopper 12; wire rope poling 13 is protected wire rope for isolating wire rope and concrete, and boom hoist cable 10 is connected on hoisting mechanism after passing in wire rope poling 13.Hoisting mechanism is the air lift type hoisting mechanism, comprise the pneumatic type load lifting cylinder, load lifting cylinder comprises the piston rod of pilot seal slidable fit in cylinder body and cylinder body, (load lifting cylinder is prior art to be provided with air inlet port and exhaust opening on cylinder body, its concrete structure no longer describes in detail herein), boom hoist cable is connected in the upper end of piston rod can be by the piston rod lifting, piston rod is in lifting process, the air inlet port air inlet, the gas outlet is closed by respective valve, piston rod moves up to drive on boom hoist cable and moves, the energy storage of impact sleeve compressing energy-stored spring; After energy-stored spring finished, air inlet port stopped air inlet, and the valve on the gas outlet is opened, thereby piston rod falls to unclamping rapidly boom hoist cable, and piston rod just can drill hammer under the acting in conjunction of impact sleeve deadweight and energy-stored spring release energy.The driving mechanism of rotary-cut percussion drilling system comprises rotary power output block 3 and the coaxial drilling rod adapter sleeve 4 that is fixed on drilling rod 7 upper ends that is arranged at the drilling rod upper end, the rotary power output block is made of symmetrically arranged two drive motors, rotary power output block and drilling rod adapter sleeve 4 are in transmission connection by spline fitted, and the relative rotary power output block of drilling rod adapter sleeve 4 can move axially.The upper and lower side of drilling rod adapter sleeve 4 turns up respectively upper block convex edge 2 and lower flange 5, lower flange 5 is bolted structure and coaxial being connected in drilling rod 7 upper ends, upper block convex edge 2 is used for coordinating and stoping the drilling rod adapter sleeve to move down with rotary power output block block, the axial transmission fit dimension of rotary power output block 3 and drilling rod adapter sleeve 4 is realized moving axially of the relative rotary power output block of drilling rod adapter sleeve less than the spacing between upper block convex edge 2 and described lower flange 5 by this spacing.The periphery of drilling rod is installed with the helical blade 15 that deslagging is used, and the spiral junction with helical blade on drill bit offers ash pit.
In use, driving mechanism is to drilling rod 7 and drill bit 1 output driving torque, and impactor is to drill bit 1 output impact force, while drill bit rotates, impacts corresponding rock stratum, can realize that rotary cutting enters rock fast to creep into.Impactor adopts the rope hoisting formula to impact, and is simple in structure, also do not need the hydraulic packing device that manufacture difficulty is large, cost of manufacture is high simultaneously, greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of product.Simultaneously, the waste residue that drills through can be discharged by helical blade, need not to adopt the mud deslagging, does not pollute the environment and has also saved the mud emission cost; Impact sleeve is to carry out the up and down percussion action in the endoporus of drilling rod, drilling rod is that impact sleeve has formed a space that not affected by outside mud or water resistance, be very beneficial for improving the frequency of impact of impact sleeve, the impact energy of impact sleeve is directly passed to bores the tooth fragmented rock body, has increased substantially and has crept into effect.After pore-forming, can annotate concrete in inner tube by the hopper that is arranged at the inner tube upper end, concrete injection process safety, reliable.
In other embodiment of this rock entering drilling machine: hoisting mechanism can also be that liquid is lifted the formula hoisting mechanism, and the operating principle that liquid is lifted formula hoisting mechanism and air lift type hoisting mechanism is similar, and the power source that just adopts is hydraulic-driven; Certainly hoisting mechanism can also be the mechanical type hoisting mechanism, such as by the eccentric wheel boom hoist cable with unclamp wire rope, the mechanical type hoisting mechanism belongs to prior art, and its concrete structure no longer describes in detail; The rotary power output block can also be made of corresponding hydraulic motor, also can axially not relatively move between rotary power output block and drilling rod adapter sleeve, at this moment, needs between drill bit and drilling rod and can axially relatively move.
The embodiment of rotary-cut percussion drilling system is as shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3: the concrete structure of rotary-cut percussion drilling system is identical with the rotary-cut percussion drilling system described in above-mentioned each rock entering drilling machine embodiment, is not described in detail in this.
Claims (10)
1. the rotary-cut percussion drilling system of a rock entering drilling machine, comprise inner tube and peripheral coaxial sheathed drilling rod thereof, the lower end of drilling rod is used for being in transmission connection with drill bit, described rotary-cut percussion drilling system also comprises for the impactor to drill bit output vibratory impulse power, it is characterized in that: described impactor comprises in the coaxial annular space that is arranged between described inner tube and drilling rod, and can move up and down the impact sleeve of drill hammer, top in impact sleeve on the inwall of described drilling rod is provided with spring fastening, be top-loaded with energy-stored spring between described spring fastening and described impact sleeve, be connected with on described impact sleeve along the axially extended boom hoist cable of drilling rod, described impactor also comprises by pulling boom hoist cable to drive on described impact sleeve and moving, and make impact sleeve compress the hoisting mechanism of described energy-stored spring energy storage, described hoisting mechanism unclamps described boom hoist cable and makes described impact sleeve drill hammer under the acting in conjunction of deadweight and energy-stored spring release energy after the energy-stored spring energy storage finishes.
2. rotary-cut percussion drilling according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described hoisting mechanism is that mechanical type hoisting mechanism, air lift type hoisting mechanism or liquid are lifted the formula hoisting mechanism.
3. rotary-cut percussion drilling according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the driving mechanism of described rotary-cut percussion drilling system comprises rotary power output block and the coaxial drilling rod adapter sleeve that is fixed on described drilling rod upper end that is arranged at described drilling rod upper end, described rotary power output block and described drilling rod adapter sleeve are in transmission connection by spline fitted, and the relatively described rotary power output block of described drilling rod adapter sleeve can move axially.
4. rotary-cut percussion drilling according to claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: the upper and lower side of described drilling rod adapter sleeve turns up respectively upper block convex edge and lower flange, described lower flange is bolted structure and coaxial being connected in described drilling rod upper end, described upper block convex edge is used for coordinating and stoping described drilling rod adapter sleeve to move down with described rotary power output block block, the axial transmission fit dimension of described rotary power output block and described drilling rod adapter sleeve is less than the spacing between described upper block convex edge and described lower flange, described spacing forms impacts the free gap.
5. according to claim 1 ~ 4 described rotary-cut percussion drilling of any one systems, it is characterized in that: the upper end of described inner tube is installed with the hopper of expecting that the chamber communicates with the endoporus of described inner tube, be provided with endoporus and the vertical wire rope poling that is communicated with of the endoporus of described drilling rod in described hopper, described boom hoist cable is connected on described hoisting mechanism after passing in described wire rope poling.
6. rock entering drilling machine, comprise drill bit and rotary-cut percussion drilling system, rotary-cut percussion drilling system comprises inner tube and peripheral coaxial sheathed drilling rod thereof, the lower end of drilling rod is used for being in transmission connection with drill bit, described rotary-cut percussion drilling system also comprises for the impactor to drill bit output vibratory impulse power, it is characterized in that: described impactor comprises in the coaxial annular space that is arranged between described inner tube and drilling rod, and can move up and down the impact sleeve of drill hammer, top in impact sleeve on the inwall of described drilling rod is provided with spring fastening, be top-loaded with energy-stored spring between described spring fastening and described impact sleeve, be connected with on described impact sleeve along the axially extended boom hoist cable of drilling rod, described impactor also comprises by pulling boom hoist cable to drive on described impact sleeve and moving, and make impact sleeve compress the hoisting mechanism of described energy-stored spring energy storage, described hoisting mechanism unclamps described boom hoist cable and makes described impact sleeve drill hammer under the acting in conjunction of deadweight and energy-stored spring release energy after the energy-stored spring energy storage finishes.
7. rock entering drilling machine according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described hoisting mechanism is that mechanical type hoisting mechanism, air lift type hoisting mechanism or liquid are lifted the formula hoisting mechanism.
8. rock entering drilling machine according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the driving mechanism of described rotary-cut percussion drilling system comprises rotary power output block and the coaxial drilling rod adapter sleeve that is fixed on described drilling rod upper end that is arranged at described drilling rod upper end, described rotary power output block and described drilling rod adapter sleeve are in transmission connection by spline fitted, and the relatively described rotary power output block of described drilling rod adapter sleeve can move axially.
9. rock entering drilling machine according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the upper and lower side of described drilling rod adapter sleeve turns up respectively upper block convex edge and lower flange, described lower flange is bolted structure and coaxial being connected in described drilling rod upper end, described upper block convex edge is used for coordinating and stoping described drilling rod adapter sleeve to move down with described rotary power output block block, the axial transmission fit dimension of described rotary power output block and described drilling rod adapter sleeve is less than the spacing between described upper block convex edge and described lower flange, and described spacing forms impacts the free gap.
10. according to claim 6 ~ 9 described rock entering drilling machines of any one, it is characterized in that: the upper end of described inner tube is installed with the hopper of expecting that the chamber communicates with the endoporus of described inner tube, be provided with endoporus and the vertical wire rope poling that is communicated with of the endoporus of described drilling rod in described hopper, described boom hoist cable is connected on described hoisting mechanism after passing in described wire rope poling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220643367 CN202926204U (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | Rock cracking drilling machine and rotary cutting impact drilling system thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220643367 CN202926204U (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | Rock cracking drilling machine and rotary cutting impact drilling system thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202926204U true CN202926204U (en) | 2013-05-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220643367 Expired - Lifetime CN202926204U (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | Rock cracking drilling machine and rotary cutting impact drilling system thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202926204U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110524885A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-12-03 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing inner hole of workpiece goes support device |
| CN111579287A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-08-25 | 河南理工大学 | Bauxite sampling device capable of layered sampling |
-
2012
- 2012-11-29 CN CN 201220643367 patent/CN202926204U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110524885A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-12-03 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing inner hole of workpiece goes support device |
| CN110524885B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2021-10-12 | 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 | Support device is removed to vibration material disk work piece hole |
| CN111579287A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-08-25 | 河南理工大学 | Bauxite sampling device capable of layered sampling |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20130508 |