CN202925714U - Thick wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a thick wall and belongs to the field of civil engineering. The thick wall comprises grouted reinforced concrete block masonry walls, a bottom plate and cast-in-situ concretes, wherein the grouted reinforced concrete block masonry walls and the cast-in-situ concretes form a whole body under the action of the bonding forces of the concretes; and the grouted reinforced concrete block masonry walls, the cast-in-situ concretes and the bottom plate form a whole body by bonding vertical ribs welded with the bottom plate in a reinforced way. A construction method for the thick wall mainly comprises the following steps: preparing; leveling; setting cushion layers; embedding steel bars; pouring the bottom plate; building the grouted reinforced concrete block masonry walls; lifting steel bar cages; and pouring the concretes. According to the construction method, the template engineering is removed, the difficult engineering problem of concrete cracking caused by hydration heat accumulation is solved, the steel bars are saved at the same time, the construction process is simplified, and the construction progress is accelerated.

Description

a thick wall

technical field

This application belongs to the field of civil engineering.

Background technique

Many projects in civil engineering require the use of large thick walls, such as: nuclear power plants, military bunkers, dams, vaults, gravity retaining walls, etc. The thickness of the walls in these buildings or structures often reaches several meters to hundreds of meters. At present, when we build thick walls, the preferred material is reinforced concrete, so it is inevitable to encounter the engineering problem of mass concrete pouring.

When pouring mass concrete, a large number of templates are used in the process of setting up the formwork, and there are high requirements for the rigidity of the template and the strength of the support. In the process of mass concrete pouring, problems such as mold runout and mold collapse not only make it difficult to guarantee the quality of the project, but also pose a threat to the safety of construction personnel.

Heat of hydration is the most difficult problem to solve in the process of mass concrete pouring. Because cement will release a certain amount of heat when it is hydrated, and the thermal conductivity of concrete is small, so the heat is difficult to dissipate and will accumulate in the concrete, which will reach a maximum value within 2-3 days after pouring, and the temperature difference between the surface and the center of the concrete is as high as 50 Celsius, due to the thermal expansion and contraction of concrete, the outer layer of concrete will expand, and during the cooling process, the inner concrete will shrink and cause cracks in the concrete. Although a series of cooling and cooling methods are used in the existing construction technology, layered and segmented pouring methods are also used, but the construction interval of this method is as long as more than 5 days, and the construction progress is slow, so it has been criticized by the engineering community .

In the design of thick walls, the reinforcement method is often structural reinforcement, rather than calculated reinforcement, and the amount of steel reinforcement used for structural reinforcement is about 2 times that of calculated reinforcement, and the decisive factor for the amount of steel reinforcement used in our structural reinforcement is concrete Expansion and contraction caused by the heat of hydration. Therefore, if the problem of hydration heat accumulation in the process of pouring thick walls can be solved, about 50% of the steel bar consumption can be saved in actual engineering, which will bring great economic benefits to the project and save a lot of resources.

In the prior art, cement with a smaller heat of hydration is used, the amount of cement is reduced, the amount of admixtures such as ash and coal ash is increased, and water reducers are added to reduce the heat of hydration and cracks. But the effect of these measures is still limited, and will seriously affect the durability of engineering structures. Therefore it is necessary to develop a novel thick wall and its construction method.

Contents of the invention

This application provides a new type of thick wall to solve a series of problems caused by heat of hydration, speed up the construction progress, and save steps such as formwork.

The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A thick wall is composed of a core-reinforced concrete block masonry wall, a base plate and cast-in-place concrete parts, and the core-reinforced concrete block masonry wall along the length direction and thickness direction of the thick wall divides the thick wall into a checkerboard shape It is formed into several small rectangular grids, and each small grid is composed of core-filled reinforced concrete block masonry walls, bottom slabs and cast-in-place concrete parts. As a whole, the core-filled reinforced concrete block masonry wall, the cast-in-place concrete and the bottom slab form a whole through the vertical bars arranged with the bottom slab.

The concrete block masonry wall with cored reinforcement for the above thick wall is built by ordinary concrete blocks with through joints or staggered joints to ensure the alignment of holes. Horizontally tie steel bars, each masonry is 1-2 meters high, insert vertical steel bars in the aligned holes, the vertical steel bars are lapped or welded with the steel bars reserved on the bottom plate, and then the core column is poured and vibrated compactly. When the lap joint method is used, the length of the inserted vertical steel bar is twice the length of the lap joint plus the height of the wall. When the welding method is used, the length of the inserted steel bar is the height of the wall. The distance between the concrete block masonry walls is 0.6-1.2 meters, and the distance between the concrete block masonry walls with core filling and reinforcement along the thickness direction of the thick wall is 3-4 meters, which can not only facilitate the construction of workers but also Solve the problem of heat of hydration build-up. The concrete block masonry wall with core filling and reinforcement can be straight or curved with curved blocks, and can be adapted to various buildings and structures.

The bottom slab of the above-mentioned thick wall is reinforced by double-layer two-way reinforcement according to the design requirements. The steel bars in the bottom slab are welded with the steel bars in the foundation cap, so that the bottom slab, the foundation and the foundation form an integral body, and blocks are reserved for positioning on the bottom slab. Slots, the positioning slots are distributed in a checkerboard shape. Along the length direction of the thick wall, positioning slots are reserved every 0.6-1.2 meters, and positioning slots are reserved every 3-4 meters along the thickness direction of the thick wall. The depth of the positioning slots is 0.2- 0.3 meters, the width is determined by the size of the block used, the positioning groove divides the bottom plate into several small grids, and the vertical tie bars are reserved in the middle of the positioning groove and the middle of the small grids. The dimensions of the blocks match.

For the cast-in-place part of the above-mentioned thick wall, the formwork is concrete block masonry wall with core filling and reinforcement, and the steel bars are pre-tied steel cages. The steel cages are hoisted into each small cell by a tower crane or a crane. Or continuous pouring. Concrete adopts a mix ratio with a small heat of hydration. The strength grade of concrete and the strength grade of steel bars are selected according to the design requirements.

The steps of thick wall construction as described above are as follows:

1. Preparatory work, including site leveling, prefabrication of blocks, binding of steel cages, entry of mechanical equipment, etc.;

2. Excavate the foundation pit, pour the cap, reserve the steel frame embedded parts for the cap, and pour plain concrete cushion on the foundation according to the designed concrete strength grade and thickness;

3. Lay out the line on the cushion, and locate the position of the reserved positioning slot according to the following method: along the length direction of the thick wall, reserve positioning slots every 0.6-1.2 meters, and every 3-4 meters along the thickness direction of the thick wall Reserve a positioning slot, the width of which is determined by the size of the blocks used. Then lay double-layer two-way reinforcement mesh, weld or bind the pre-embedded vertical reinforcement and steel frame embedded parts on the reinforcement mesh when pouring the cap. In the middle of the small grid, the side formwork is supported by the positioning groove, and the concrete is poured and compacted by vibrating;

4. Build a masonry wall in the reserved positioning groove. The way of building the wall is to align the joints or overlap the joints to ensure that the holes are aligned. For each 1-3 skin bricks, put a layer of pulley Construct steel bars, each masonry is 1-2 meters high, insert vertical steel bars in the aligned holes, the vertical steel bars are lapped or welded with the reserved steel bars on the bottom plate, and then the core column is poured and vibrated compactly. The length of the vertical reinforcement is twice the length of the overlap plus the height of the wall, and the overlap or welding of the reinforcement should meet the requirements of the specification;

5. Hoisting the steel cage, using a tower crane or a crane to hoist the steel cage in place, and form an effective connection between the steel cages by welding short steel bars;

6. Concrete is poured between the block masonry walls in the order of pouring every other or continuous pouring, each pouring is 1-2 meters high;

7. After curing for 2-3 days, pour the rest of the cast-in-place concrete;

8. Repeat process 4-7, cycle construction.

Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

1. The process of supporting formwork is omitted, and the thin wall built by masonry is both a formwork and a part of a thick wall;

2. Reduce the accumulation of heat of hydration, reduce the temperature difference between the interior and the surface of the concrete, thereby reducing the generation of cracks, and effectively improving the durability and safety of thick walls;

3. Good economic effect, saving steel bars and engineering water.

4. The construction is convenient, the process is simplified, and the construction progress is accelerated.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the base plate structure of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of building a skin block;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram before filling the core;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of hoisting the reinforcement cage after filling the core;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram after pouring concrete.

Notes on drawings:

1-Bottom plate 2-Location groove 3-Vertical tie reinforcement 4-Vertical reinforcement 5-Core reinforcement block masonry wall 6-Horizontal reinforcement arranged along the wall 7-Core reinforcement block masonry wall 8 - Reinforcement cage 9 - Cast-in-place concrete.

Detailed ways

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the application is described further:

Example 1:

Preparatory work, including site leveling, prefabrication of blocks, tying of steel cages, entry of mechanical equipment, etc.; excavation of foundation pits, pouring of caps, pre-embedded steel parts for caps, and C10 on the foundation according to the design requirements Concrete pouring plain concrete cushion, the cushion is 300mm thick; then put the line on the cushion, and locate the position of the reserved positioning groove according to the following method: along the length direction of the thick wall, reserve positioning grooves every 0.6 meters, along the thick wall Positioning grooves are reserved every 4 meters in the thickness direction of the wall. The width of the positioning grooves is determined by the size of the blocks used. In this embodiment, 390x240x190mm blocks are selected, so the width of the positioning grooves is 250mm. Then lay double-layer two-way reinforcement mesh, weld or bind the embedded parts of the steel frame in the cap and the vertical reserved steel bars on the reinforcement mesh, and the position of the vertical embedded steel bars is located in the middle of the positioning groove and the small grid divided by the positioning groove In the middle of the center, the distance between every two pre-embedded steel bars in the positioning groove is 195mm, and then the side formwork is supported, concrete is poured, and the concrete is vibrated and compacted; Seam masonry is used to ensure that the holes are aligned. For each brick, a layer of tie reinforcement is placed. Each masonry is 2 meters high. Vertical reinforcement is inserted into the aligned holes. Lap the reinforcement, then cast the core column, and vibrate it compactly. The length of the inserted vertical reinforcement is 2.4m. The overlap or welding of the reinforcement should meet the requirements of the specification; hoist the reinforcement cage by using a tower crane or a crane to hoist the reinforcement cage in place. The effective connection between the steel cages is formed by welding short steel bars; the concrete is poured between the block masonry walls, and the concrete is poured every other time or continuously, and the height of each pour is 2 meters; maintenance 2-3 Days later, pour the remaining part that needs to be poured with cast-in-place concrete; then build masonry walls, and so on.

Example 2:

Preparatory work, including site leveling, prefabrication of blocks, tying of steel cages, entry of mechanical equipment, etc.; excavation of foundation pits, pouring of caps, pre-embedded steel parts for caps, and C15 on the foundation according to the design requirements Concrete pouring plain concrete cushion, the cushion is 100mm thick; then put the line on the cushion, and locate the position of the reserved positioning groove according to the following method: along the length direction of the thick wall, reserve positioning grooves every 1.2 meters, along the thick wall Positioning slots are reserved every 3 meters in the thickness direction of the wall. The width of the positioning slots is determined by the size of the blocks used. In this embodiment, 390x240x190mm blocks are selected, so the width of the positioning slots is 250mm. Then lay double-layer two-way reinforcement mesh, weld or bind the embedded parts of the steel frame in the cap and the vertical reserved steel bars on the reinforcement mesh, and the position of the vertical embedded steel bars is located in the middle of the positioning groove and the small grid divided by the positioning groove In the middle of the center, the distance between every two pre-embedded steel bars in the positioning groove is 195mm, then the side formwork is supported, concrete is poured, and the concrete is vibrated and compacted; Seam lap joint masonry is used to ensure the alignment of the holes. For every 3 skin bricks, a layer of tie reinforcement is placed. Each masonry is 1 meter high, and vertical reinforcement is inserted in the aligned holes. Weld the remaining steel bars, then cast the core column, and vibrate it compactly. The length of the inserted vertical steel bar is 1.2m. The overlapping or welding of the steel bar should meet the requirements of the specification; hoist the steel bar cage by using a tower crane or a crane to hoist the bar cage in place The steel cages are effectively connected by welding short steel bars; the concrete is poured between the block masonry walls, and the concrete is poured every other time or continuously, and the height of each pour is 1 meter; maintenance 2- After 3 days, pour the remaining parts that need to be poured with cast-in-place concrete; then build masonry walls, and so on.

The above-mentioned drawings and embodiments are only used to illustrate the preferred one of the present application, and do not constitute any limitation to the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art carry out common changes and replacements within the scope of the utility model solution and all should be included in the scope of the present invention. Within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A kind of thick wall is made up of core-filling reinforced concrete block masonry wall, base plate and cast-in-place concrete part, is characterized in that: along the length direction and thickness direction of thick wall, the filling-core-reinforced concrete block masonry wall Divide the thick wall into a number of small rectangular grids in a checkerboard shape. Each small grid is composed of a core-filled concrete block masonry wall, a bottom plate and cast-in-place concrete. The concrete block masonry wall and cast-in-place concrete The concrete bonding force forms a whole between them, and the core-filled concrete block masonry wall and the cast-in-place concrete form a whole with the bottom slab through the vertical bars configured with the bottom slab. 2. A kind of thick wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: its bottom plate adopts double-layer two-way reinforcement mode to carry out reinforcement according to the design requirement, and the reinforcing bar in the bottom plate is welded with the reinforcing bar in the foundation cap, so that the bottom plate and the foundation cap are welded together. The foundation and foundation form a whole. 3. A thick wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: block positioning grooves are reserved for the bottom plate, the positioning grooves are distributed in a checkerboard shape, and the bottom plate is divided into several small grids, along the length direction of the thick wall , reserve positioning slots every 0.6-1.2 meters, and reserve positioning slots every 3-4 meters along the thickness direction of the thick wall. The depth of the positioning slots is 0.2-0.3 meters, and the width is determined by the size of the blocks used. 4. A thick wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: block positioning grooves are reserved for the bottom plate, the positioning grooves are distributed in a checkerboard shape, and the bottom plate is divided into several small grids, and the middle part of the positioning groove and the small grid Vertical tie bars are reserved in the middle of the grid, and the spacing of the tie bars matches the size of the blocks to be used. 5. A kind of thick wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the concrete block masonry wall with core filling and reinforcement is built by common concrete blocks with through joints or staggered joints, so as to ensure the alignment of the holes, For every 1-3 leather blocks, lay the horizontal tie bars arranged along the wall. For each masonry 1-2 meters high, insert vertical bars into the aligned holes, and the vertical bars overlap with the reserved bars on the bottom plate. Connect or weld, then cast the core column, and vibrate it for compaction. 6. A kind of thick wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the spacing between the concrete block masonry walls of pouring core reinforcement along the length direction of the thick wall is 0.6-1.2 meters, and the distance along the thickness direction of the thick wall is 0.6-1.2 meters. The distance between the core-filling reinforced concrete block masonry walls is 3-4 meters. 7. A kind of thick wall as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the formwork of its cast-in-place part is concrete block masonry wall with pouring core and reinforcement, and the reinforcing bar is a pre-tied steel cage, which is lifted by a tower crane or a crane. Reinforcement cages are hoisted into each cell, and poured every other time or continuously. Concrete adopts a mix ratio with a small heat of hydration. The strength grade of concrete and the strength grade of steel bars are selected according to the design requirements. After pouring, it is vibrated and compacted. , and carry out maintenance, and adopt some conventional cooling measures if necessary.

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