CN202881901U - 一种梯级潜流式生态护岸结构 - Google Patents
一种梯级潜流式生态护岸结构 Download PDFInfo
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- CN202881901U CN202881901U CN2012206067209U CN201220606720U CN202881901U CN 202881901 U CN202881901 U CN 202881901U CN 2012206067209 U CN2012206067209 U CN 2012206067209U CN 201220606720 U CN201220606720 U CN 201220606720U CN 202881901 U CN202881901 U CN 202881901U
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound 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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
Abstract
本实用新型为了克服现有的生态护岸系统未考虑水力停留时间的缺陷，提供一种水力停留时间长、截污效果好的河流生态护岸结构，一种梯级潜流式生态护岸结构。本实用新型的梯级潜流式生态护岸结构包括边坡、截雨沟、护坡表层和坡底护脚，其特征是：该护岸结构从截雨沟至河底沿边坡坡角方向还设有梯级跌水坎，所述梯级跌水坎设在边坡与护坡表层之间，梯级跌水坎由多个跌水坎依次相连成阶梯形结构，所述梯级跌水坎与边坡之间为素土回填层，所述梯级跌水坎与护坡表层之间为砂石填料层。
Description
一种梯级潜流式生态护岸结构
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型属于河流生态护岸设施，主要涉及河流面源污染净化处理的潜流式生态护岸系统。
背景技术
[0002] 降雨时，地表散布着垃圾、灰尘、动物的粪便、植物的落叶和细菌病毒等，靠降雨径流冲刷进入水体，若未经任何处理直接排入自然承受水体，将会对水体造成非常严重的污染，称之为河流面源污染。河流面源污染是造成河流污染的主要原因之一，特别是城市化进程的加快，城市土地利用性质的变化，不透水区域面积所占比重增加，导致城市雨洪条件变化，雨水径流量明显增大，雨水径流携带污染量增大，雨水引起的河流面源污染威胁不能再被忽视。
[0003] 河流面源污染的防治中，生态护岸的应用具有极其重要的作用。生态护岸改变了过去国内外河岸带保护技术多采用的浆砌或干砌块石、现浇混凝土、预制混凝土块体等结构形式，是在河道边坡上构建一个具有生态功能的护坡系统，使之成为水体、陆地之间各种物质、能量交换的中介系统，既能保证边坡稳定，又不妨碍水体修复。根据生态护岸结构所采用的材料，可将生态护岸归纳为两大类：一是植物保护为主的植被型生态护岸，一是采用植物与人工材料相结合的综合型生态护岸。具体工程应用包括深圳市观澜河以及盐灌船闸三角洲岸段上的石笼挡墙护岸、京杭运河两淮段芦苇+杨树护岸、湖嘉申线湖州段航道透水型预制砼箱+三维土工网植被护岸、京杭运河扬州城区砼连锁块+植被护岸、苏南运河镇江陵口段生态袋护岸等。
发明内容
[0004] 本实用新型为了克服现有的生态护岸系统未考虑水力停留时间的缺陷，提供一种水力停留时间长、截污效果好的河流生态护岸结构。
[0005] 本实用新型的目的是通过以下措施实现的：
[0006] 一种梯级潜流式生态护岸结构，该护岸结构包括边坡、截雨沟、护坡表层和坡底护脚，其特征是：该护岸结构从截雨沟至河底沿边坡坡角方向还设有梯级跌水坎，所述梯级跌水坎设在边坡与护坡表层之间，梯级跌水坎由多个跌水坎依次相连成阶梯形结构，所述梯级跌水坎与边坡之间为素土回填层，所述梯级跌水坎与护坡表层之间为砂石填料层。
[0007] 所述护坡表层采用生态袋设置而成，生态袋通过固定件固定连接形成护坡表层。
[0008] 所述截雨沟通过管路接至砂石填料层。
[0009] 所述砂石填料层上部为粗砂，下部为细砂。
[0010] 所述坡底护脚由砼板和木桩组成。
[0011] 梯级跌水坎与素土回填料层的交界面之间铺设有防水土工模。
[0012] 梯级跌水坎采用混凝土浇注而成。
[0013] 梯级跌水坎采用五级梯级结构。[0014] 本实用新型相比现有技术具有如下优点：
[0015] 河流是城市生态景观的重要组成部分，并兼有环境、水利、社会等多种效益。随着城市及其周边地区的快速发展，水系生态和自然景观受到严重破坏，严重制约了河流生态环境和社会经济功能的发挥。
[0016] 现有技术中，河流面源污染防治采用的生态护岸系统均未考虑水力停留时间这一重要参数，而水力停留时间是影响面源污染物处理效果的重要因素，通常情况下，水力停留时间越长，污染的去除效果越好，所以通过改变常规生态护岸系统的内部结构，有效增加污染水体在生态护坡系统内的停留时间，以便增强污染物净化的效果，具有十分重要的意义。
[0017] I)本实用新型的梯级潜流式生态护岸结 构内部的砂石填料层、跌水装置以及护坡表层的植物根系表层，易形成生物膜，该生物膜可以有效的截留河流的面源污染物质，特别是氮、磷等造成河流富营养化的物质，从而减轻河流水体的污染程度。
[0018] 2)通过对现状的硬质驳岸的改造，本实用新型护岸结构可打造河道绿色廊道，以丰富的驳岸景观环境烘托整体景观氛围，实现河流水清岸绿的生态环境，若能配合建设沿河滨水步行系统，可以使人的游憩活动接近到水边，重新感受河道的魅力，以满足市民景观游憩的需求。
[0019] 3)本实用新型护岸结构的跌水坎设置，能有效的增加了污染物质在系统中的停留时间，去污效果相对于无跌水装置生态护岸系统会有显著增强。
[0020] 4)本实用新型护岸结构工程成本低，施工方便，为今后中小河流生态治理提供了重要的参考。
附图说明
[0021] 图1为本实用新型梯级潜流式生态护岸截面的结构图。
[0022] 图中：1-截雨沟；2-边坡；3_护坡表层；4_梯级跌水坎；5_ίΐ全板；6-木桩；7-砂石填料层；8_素土回填层；9_地面；10-河底。
具体实施方式
[0023] 如图1所示，本实用新型的梯级潜流式生态护岸结构包括边坡2、截雨沟1、护坡表层3和坡底护脚，该护岸结构从截雨沟I至河底10沿边坡坡角方向设有梯级跌水坎4，该梯级跌水坎4设在边坡2与护坡表层3之间，梯级跌水坎4由多个跌水坎依次相连成阶梯形结构，由此形成逐级的跌水结构。梯级跌水坎4与边坡2之间为素土回填层8，梯级跌水坎4与护坡表层3之间为砂石填料层7。
[0024] 护坡表层3采用生态袋设置而成，各生态袋通过固定件固定连接形成护坡表层。截雨沟I通过管路接至砂石填料层7。砂石填料层7上部为粗砂，下部为细砂。坡底护脚由砼板5和木桩6组成。梯级跌水坎4采用混凝土浇注而成。
[0025] 本实用新型的截污工艺如图1所示：降雨时，含有面源污染物质的雨水通过截雨沟I收集，然后经过截雨沟I底部的PVC管流入生态护坡内部的砂石填料层7，砂石填料层7上层粗下层细的配置。由于受到各级跌水坎的阻碍作用，形成内部的跌水效应，从而增加了污水在其内部的停留时间，显著提高生态护岸的去污效果。
[0026] 本实用新型具体设计实例：[0027] I)截雨沟宽度50cm，深度50cm，沟底埋设2m间隔的7. 5cm直径PVC管。
[0028] 2)设置五级15cm高的混凝土跌水坎，厚度为2cm，跌水坎之间的距离80cm。跌水坎与素土回填层的交界面之间用防水土工模铺设。
[0029] 3)护岸表层采用生态袋，并用固定件将其固定在护坡表层。
[0030] 4)砂石填料层上层用粗砂，下层用细砂。
[0031] 5)坡底护脚采用30cm厚度的C20砼板加15cm直径的木桩，木桩长度6m。
Claims (8)
1. 一种梯级潜流式生态护岸结构，该护岸结构包括边坡、截雨沟、护坡表层和坡底护脚，其特征是：该护岸结构从截雨沟至河底沿边坡坡角方向还设有梯级跌水坎，所述梯级跌水坎设在边坡与护坡表层之间，梯级跌水坎由多个跌水坎依次相连成阶梯形结构，所述梯级跌水坎与边坡之间为素土回填层，所述梯级跌水坎与护坡表层之间为砂石填料层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的梯级潜流式生态护岸结构，其特征是：所述护坡表层采用生态袋设置而成，生态袋通过固定件固定连接形成护坡表层。
3.根据权利要求1所述的梯级潜流式生态护岸结构，其特征是：所述截雨沟通过管路接至砂石填料层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的梯级潜流式生态护岸结构，其特征是：所述砂石填料层上部为粗砂，下部为细砂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的梯级潜流式生态护岸结构，其特征是：所述坡底护脚由砼板和木桩组成。
6.根据权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的梯级潜流式生态护岸结构，其特征是：梯级跌水坎与素土回填料层的交界面之间铺设有防水土工模。
7.根据权利要求6所述的梯级潜流式生态护岸结构，其特征是：所述梯级跌水坎采用混凝土浇注而成。
8.根据权利要求7所述的梯级潜流式生态护岸结构，其特征是：所述梯级跌水坎采用五级梯级结构。
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