CN202881008U - Emergency treatment system for organic pollutant pollution of drinking water - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an emergency treatment system for drinking water organic pollutant pollution, which comprises a pretreatment unit, a nanomembrane treatment unit and a reverse osmosis treatment unit connected in parallel and located downstream of the pretreatment unit; The osmotic membrane treatment units are connected in parallel to each other and connected to the pretreatment unit through a main water pipe; the nanofiltration membrane treatment unit includes a nanofiltration water inlet regulating valve, a nanofiltration membrane device and a nanofiltration water production solenoid valve connected in sequence; the reverse osmosis membrane treatment The unit includes a reverse osmosis water inlet regulating valve, a reverse osmosis membrane device and a reverse osmosis water production electromagnetic valve connected in sequence; a second regulating valve, a security filter and a water inlet switching valve are sequentially arranged on the main water delivery pipe from the pretreatment unit. After the drinking water polluted by organic pollutants is pretreated, the pretreated drinking water is selectively subjected to nanofiltration treatment or reverse osmosis treatment according to the molecular weight of the organic pollutants.

Description

An emergency treatment system for drinking water organic pollutant pollution

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of advanced treatment of drinking water, in particular to a safe and efficient emergency treatment system when drinking water sources suffer from sudden organic pollution accidents.

Background technique

In recent years, there have been many sudden water pollution incidents in my country, and the frequency of incidents and the harm caused by them are increasing year by year, which has brought hidden dangers to the safety of drinking water for residents. According to statistics, there were 3,988 water pollution accidents in my country from 2001 to 2004. After the Songhua River major pollution accident in 2005, an average of one water pollution accident occurred every two to three days. In 2008, there were 135 environmental emergencies directly dispatched and handled by the Ministry of Environmental Protection, 46 of which threatened the safety of drinking water sources for the public. It can be said that my country is in a period of high incidence of environmental emergencies.

Most water plants in my country adopt the treatment process of "coagulation + filtration + sedimentation + disinfection", which can meet the needs of persistently polluted or slightly polluted water sources under normal conditions, but the existing process measures of water plants have poor impact resistance , It is difficult to deal with sudden, difficult to deal with, high-concentration water pollution in a short period of time. On the other hand, most cities in my country use a single water source. Once sudden water source pollution occurs, the water quality of the water source may not meet the needs of water supply in a short period of time, and the internal water storage capacity of the water plant can only maintain water supply for a few hours.

There are various types of pollutants in sudden water pollution incidents, and corresponding treatment methods should be adopted according to the characteristics of the pollutants. For particulate pollutants, enhanced coagulation and precipitation methods can be used; for organic pollutants, adsorption or oxidation techniques can be used; for biological pollution, methods such as oxidation inactivation and clarification can be used to remove; for heavy metal pollutants and general inorganic Toxic and harmful substances can be removed by adsorption, chemical precipitation, ion exchange and other methods.

For example, the Chinese invention patent application with the application number 200910197861.2 discloses a method for the enhanced treatment of drinking water to remove organic pollutants in water. The specific steps are: add oxidizing chemicals to the water to be treated, and react for 0.5 minutes to 10 minutes , using a modified particle filter bed to filter; wherein: the amount of chemical agent added per liter of water to be treated is 0.2-5 mg. Use the quartz sand, zeolite, cordierite, ceramsite and other filter beds modified by iron, manganese, aluminum and other metal oxides to filter the granular filter material, and add a certain concentration of oxidizing mixture to the water to be filtered before filtering Chemicals, when the water stays in the filter bed for a certain period of time and then flows out of the filter bed, the natural organic matter and trace organic pollutants in the water can be efficiently removed, and the added chemical will not penetrate the filter layer. The method of the invention has a good removal effect on natural organic matter in water, especially refractory trace organic pollutants which are difficult to be quickly oxidized and removed by potassium permanganate, ozone and hydrogen peroxide under normal circumstances.

Facing the increasingly severe water security situation, the emergency response system for sudden water pollution incidents in my country should be improved as soon as possible, including protection of water sources, emergency management agencies, relevant laws and regulations, emergency monitoring equipment, emergency treatment methods, and emergency water supply plans. In the face of deteriorating water quality conditions and sudden water pollution incidents that may occur at any time, water plants should increase necessary emergency measures and formulate corresponding emergency plans.

Utility model content

The utility model provides an emergency treatment system for organic pollutant pollution of drinking water. When organic pollutant pollution occurs in a drinking water source, emergency treatment is carried out for drinking water according to the molecular weight of the organic pollutant, which is safe and efficient.

An emergency treatment system for drinking water organic pollutant pollution, comprising a pretreatment unit, a nanofiltration membrane treatment unit and a reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit connected in parallel and located downstream of the pretreatment unit; the nanofiltration membrane treatment unit and the reverse osmosis treatment unit The osmotic membrane treatment units are connected in parallel with each other and connected to the pretreatment unit through a water delivery main; the nanofiltration membrane treatment unit includes a nanofiltration water inlet regulating valve, a nanofiltration membrane device and a nanofiltration water production solenoid valve connected in sequence; The reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit includes a reverse osmosis water inlet regulating valve, a reverse osmosis membrane device and a reverse osmosis water production electromagnetic valve connected in sequence; the water main pipe is sequentially provided with a second regulating valve, a Security filter and water inlet switching valve.

The system of the utility model is used for emergency treatment after drinking water sources are polluted by organic pollutants. If the molecular weight of organic pollutants in the source water is greater than or equal to 200 Daltons, the effluent of the pretreatment unit is switched to nanofiltration membrane treatment The unit performs advanced treatment to remove organic pollutants in the water, and the produced water is stored in the corresponding storage tank; if the molecular weight of organic pollutants encountered in the source water is less than 200 Daltons, switch the effluent from the pretreatment unit to the reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit Advanced treatment is carried out to remove organic pollutants in the water, and the produced water is stored in the corresponding storage tank.

The purpose of arranging the pretreatment unit is to remove suspended solids, particles, colloids and bacteria in the water. As far as the pretreatment unit itself is concerned, it can be an existing conventional pretreatment process. In the present utility model, preferably, the The pretreatment unit includes a self-cleaning filter, an ultrafiltration device and a water tank connected in sequence, and the water main pipe is connected with the water tank.

The self-cleaning filter uses a microporous membrane with a pore size of 50-150 μm. The self-cleaning filter has the characteristics of compact structure, standard modular design, flexibility and convenience, and small footprint.

The ultrafiltration membrane material used in the ultrafiltration device includes polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polypropylene, polyethylene membrane, the ultrafiltration membrane pore size is 0.01-0.1 μm, and the ultrafiltration membrane In the form of hollow fiber membranes.

In order to reduce water consumption and control treatment costs, the pretreatment unit is provided with a set of self-cleaning system, and the ultrafiltration device is backwashed with clean water after ultrafiltration treatment, namely:

An ultrafiltration backwashing water pipe is provided between the water tank and the ultrafiltration device, and a backwashing water inlet regulating valve and a backwashing water pump are sequentially arranged on the ultrafiltration backwashing water pipe along the water flow direction.

More preferably, the ultrafiltration backwash water pipe is also provided with a cleaning agent dosing device.

The ultrafiltration device adopts full volume filtration, automatic backwashing, and constant flow control mode of operation. During operation, the ultrafiltration membrane is regularly backwashed and chemically enhanced backwashed. According to the water quality entering the ultrafiltration system, the backwashing frequency, Backwashing time and backwashing intensity, the backwashing frequency is generally 1-2 times/hr, the backwashing time is 30-60s/time, and the backwashing intensity is 30-60L/m ² .hr. According to the water quality entering the ultrafiltration system, determine the frequency of chemically enhanced backwashing and the appropriate chemical cleaning agent. The frequency of chemically enhanced backwashing is generally 6-12 times per year. The chemical cleaning agent is generally acid and oxidizing cleaning agent, such as hydrochloric acid. or organic acids, sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide solutions. In the process of chemically enhanced backwashing, the pH value of the chemical cleaning solution is controlled between 2-12, and the temperature does not exceed 45°C. The performance of the filter membrane was restored.

The nanofiltration membrane processing unit and the reverse osmosis membrane processing unit are also provided with automatic backwashing, and the backwashing system can be set independently for each processing unit, or can be shared by two processing units. In the utility model, adopt The latter option, namely:

It also includes a self-cleaning system, the self-cleaning system includes a cleaning water tank connected in sequence, a third regulating valve, a chemical cleaning pump and a cleaning security filter, and the outlet pipe of the cleaning security filter is connected to the nanofiltration membrane device all the way , one way is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane device, a regulating valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the nanofiltration membrane device and the reverse osmosis membrane device, and the concentrated water discharge is provided on the nanofiltration membrane device and the reverse osmosis membrane device The electromagnetic valve.

The nanofiltration membrane used in the described nanofiltration membrane device is a commercially available Dow, GE, Hydranautics, Toray, Big Dipper, Times Wharton's 4-inch or 8-inch roll-type nanofiltration membrane module, and the membrane material is aromatic polyamide or polypiperazinamide.

The nanofiltration membrane module will be polluted after running for a certain period of time, resulting in a decline in membrane performance, so it is necessary to chemically clean the nanofiltration membrane to restore its normal performance. According to the water quality entering the nanofiltration membrane treatment system, determine the frequency of chemical cleaning and the appropriate chemical cleaning agent. The frequency of chemical cleaning is generally 3-6 times per year. The chemical cleaning agent is generally hydrochloric acid or organic acid or sodium hydroxide solution. During the chemical cleaning process, the pH value of the chemical cleaning solution is controlled between 2-12, the temperature does not exceed 45°C, and the chemical cleaning solution is discharged after a short time (5-10min) soaking and circular cleaning, and the nanofiltration membrane performance is restored.

The reverse osmosis membrane used in the reverse osmosis membrane device is a commercially available 4-inch or 8-inch roll-type reverse osmosis membrane module from Dow, GE, Hydranautics, Toray, Big Dipper, and Times Wharton. The membrane material is aromatic polyamide.

The reverse osmosis membrane module will be polluted after running for a certain period of time, resulting in a decline in membrane performance, so it is necessary to chemically clean the reverse osmosis membrane to restore its normal performance. According to the water quality entering the reverse osmosis membrane treatment system, determine the frequency of chemical cleaning and the appropriate chemical cleaning agent. The frequency of chemical cleaning is generally 3-6 times per year. The chemical cleaning agent is generally hydrochloric acid or organic acid or sodium hydroxide solution. During the chemical cleaning process, the pH value of the chemical cleaning solution is controlled between 2-12, the temperature does not exceed 45°C, and the chemical cleaning solution is discharged after a short time (5-10min) of immersion and circulation cleaning, the reverse osmosis membrane performance is restored.

More preferably, an antiscalant dosing device is also provided on the water main pipe. The scale inhibitor added to the scale inhibitor dosing device is commercially available nanofiltration membrane scale inhibitor.

Preferably, a coagulant dosing device is provided before the self-cleaning filter. The coagulant added in the coagulant dosing device includes ferric chloride, aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum to enhance the filtering effect of the self-cleaning filter.

The utility model utilizes the high organic removal characteristics of the nanofiltration membrane or the reverse osmosis membrane, and can obtain safe and qualified drinking water in a timely and efficient manner when drinking water sources suffer from sudden organic pollution accidents.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the technical process of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the utility model.

The reference signs shown in the figure are as follows:

1-Polluted water storage tank 2-The first water inlet regulating valve 3-The first booster pump

4-Self-cleaning filter 5-Drain regulating valve 6-Ultrafiltration water inlet regulating valve

7-Ultrafiltration device 8-Ultrafiltration water production solenoid valve 9-Backwash drain valve

10-Water tank 11-Second water inlet regulating valve 12-Second booster pump

13-Security filter 14-High pressure water pump 15-Inlet switching valve

16-Nanofiltration water inlet regulating valve 17-Nanofiltration membrane device 18-Nanofiltration water production solenoid valve

19-Nanofiltration Concentrated Water Discharge Electromagnetic 20-Reverse Osmosis Inlet Regulating Valve 21-Reverse Osmosis Membrane Device

valve

22-Reverse osmosis water production solenoid valve 23-Reverse osmosis concentrated water discharge electricity 24-Drinking water storage tank

Solenoid valve

25-Coagulant dosing device 26-Backwash water inlet regulating valve 27-Cleaning agent dosing device

28-Backwashing water pump 29-Scale inhibitor dosing device 30-Cleaning water tank

31-The third water inlet regulating valve 32-Chemical cleaning pump 33-Cleaning security filter

34-the fourth water inlet regulating valve 35-the fifth water inlet regulating valve.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 2, an emergency treatment system for drinking water organic matter pollution includes a polluted water storage tank 1, a pretreatment unit, a nanofiltration membrane treatment unit and a reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit located downstream of the pretreatment unit and connected in parallel, a drinking water Water reservoir 24.

The pretreatment unit includes a self-cleaning filter 4 and an ultrafiltration membrane treatment unit, the ultrafiltration membrane treatment unit includes an ultrafiltration device 7, a water tank 10 and backwashing equipment, a polluted water storage tank 1, a self-cleaning filter 4, and an ultrafiltration device 7 and the water tank 10 are sequentially connected by a water delivery pipe, and the first water inlet regulating valve 2, the coagulant dosing device 25 and the The first booster water pump 3 adjusts the amount of water entering the self-cleaning filter 4 through the first water inlet regulating valve 2, and pumps the water in the polluted water storage tank 1 into the self-cleaning filter 4 through the first booster water pump 3, A coagulant is added to this part of the water delivery pipe through a coagulant dosing device 25 .

The self-cleaning filter 4 is equipped with a drainage regulating valve 5, and an ultrafiltration water inlet regulating valve 6 is set on the water delivery pipe between the self-cleaning filter 4 and the ultrafiltration device 7, and the ultrafiltration water inlet regulating valve 6 regulates the water entering the ultrafiltration device The amount of water in 7, on the water delivery pipe between ultrafiltration device 7 and water tank 10, ultrafiltration produced water solenoid valve 8 is set.

An ultrafiltration backwashing water pipe is also arranged between the water tank 10 and the ultrafiltration device 7, and the backwashing water is delivered to the ultrafiltration device 7 through the ultrafiltration backwashing water pipe, and flows along the backwashing water on the ultrafiltration backwashing water pipe The backwash water inlet regulating valve 26, the cleaning agent dosing device 27 and the backwash water pump 28 are set in turn in the direction, the ultrafiltration device 7 has a backwash drain valve 9, and the backwash water inlet regulating valve 26 regulates the flow of backwash water, cleaning The agent dosing device 27 adds cleaning agent to the ultrafiltration backwashing water pipe, and the backwashing water pump 28 pumps the clear water in the water tank 10 into the ultrafiltration device 7 to backwash the ultrafiltration device 7, and the concentrated water after backwashing is Backwash drain valve 9 flows out.

The water tank 10 is connected to the parallel nanofiltration membrane treatment unit and the reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit through a main water delivery pipe, and the second water inlet regulating valve 11 and the antiscalant dosing device 29 are sequentially arranged on the water delivery pipe along the water flow direction , the second booster water pump 12, the security filter 13, the high-pressure water pump 14 and the water inlet switching valve 15, the water inlet switching valve 15 adopts a ball valve, and the nanofiltration membrane processing unit is connected in parallel at the water inlet switching valve 15 through two water delivery branches and the reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit, the two water delivery branch pipes are connected in parallel and connected to the drinking water storage tank 24 together.

The nanofiltration membrane processing unit comprises a nanofiltration membrane device 17, a nanofiltration water inlet regulating valve 16 is arranged on the water delivery branch pipe of the nanofiltration membrane device 17 water inlet measurement, and a nanofiltration water inlet regulating valve 16 is arranged on the water delivery branch pipe of the nanofiltration membrane device 17 water outlet measurement. Nanofiltration produced water electromagnetic valve 18.

The reverse osmosis membrane processing unit includes a reverse osmosis membrane device 21, a reverse osmosis water inlet regulating valve 20 is set on the water delivery branch pipe on the water inlet side of the reverse osmosis membrane device 21, and a reverse osmosis water inlet regulating valve 20 is set on the water delivery branch pipe on the water outlet side of the reverse osmosis membrane device 21. Permeate the electromagnetic valve 22 of product water.

The nanofiltration membrane treatment unit and the reverse osmosis treatment unit share a set of self-cleaning system. The self-cleaning system includes a cleaning water tank 30 connected in sequence by a cleaning water pipe, a third water inlet regulating valve 31, a chemical cleaning pump 32 and a cleaning security filter 33. Clean the two-way cleaning water branch pipes of the water outlet of the security filter 33, connect the nanofiltration membrane device 17 and the reverse osmosis membrane device 21 respectively, and set the fourth water inlet regulating valve 34 on the cleaning water branch pipe connected to the nanofiltration membrane device 17. The fifth water inlet regulating valve 35 is provided on the cleaning water branch pipe connected to the reverse osmosis membrane device 21, the nanofiltration concentrated water discharge solenoid valve 19 is provided on the nanofiltration membrane device 17, and the reverse osmosis concentrated water discharge valve 19 is provided on the reverse osmosis membrane device 21. Solenoid valve 23.

The ultrafiltration device 7, the nanofiltration membrane device 17 and the reverse osmosis membrane device 21 are all provided with an electronic control system. The emergency treatment system of this embodiment can be set to a manual control mode, or can be set to an automatic control mode. The way is realized by installing PLC control system.

The technological process of the present utility model is as follows:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the source water polluted by organic matter is treated by conventional tap water treatment processes, stored in the polluted water storage tank 1, and pumped into the self-cleaning filter 4 and ultrafiltration device by the first booster pump 3 7. The outlet water is stored in the water tank 10.

According to the water quality of the influent, a coagulant is added to the water inlet pipe of the self-cleaning filter 4 to improve the filtering effect of the self-cleaning filter 4 and slow down the pollution of the ultrafiltration membrane. The ultrafiltration water is used, and the ultrafiltration membrane of the ultrafiltration device 7 is periodically backwashed by the backwash water pump 28 . When necessary, the ultrafiltration membrane is chemically cleaned by adding chemical cleaning agent to the ultrafiltration backwash water pipe.

According to the molecular weight of the chemically polluted organic matter in the source water, it is determined whether to use a nanofiltration membrane treatment unit or a reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit for further advanced treatment. When the molecular weight of organic pollutants suffered by the source water is greater than or equal to 200 Daltons, the water will pass through the second water inlet regulating valve 11, the second booster water pump 12, the security filter 13, the high pressure water pump 14, and then through the water inlet switching valve 15. The water stored in the water tank 10 is introduced into the nanofiltration membrane device 17, the nanofiltration produced water flows into the drinking water storage tank 24 through the nanofiltration produced water solenoid valve 18, and the nanofiltration concentrated water flows back to the polluted water through the nanofiltration concentrated water discharge solenoid valve 19 Reservoir 1 or discharge.

When the molecular weight of organic pollutants suffered by the source water is less than 200 Daltons, the water will be stored in the The water in the water tank 10 is introduced into the reverse osmosis membrane device 21, the reverse osmosis produced water flows into the drinking water storage tank 24 through the reverse osmosis produced water solenoid valve 22, and the reverse osmosis concentrated water returns to the polluted water storage tank through the reverse osmosis concentrated water discharge solenoid valve 23 1 or discharge.

Example

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers in the processing of plastic products, and can also be used as raw materials for the production of food packaging, pesticides, cosmetics, children's toys, and pharmaceutical products. Phthalates will inevitably enter the water environment during production and use, especially when production and use enterprises and transportation vehicles suffer accidents, the risk of entering the water environment is greater. Phthalates are a typical class of endocrine disruptors, which have a strong harmful effect on the human body. my country's new national standard for drinking water (GB5749-2006) includes three indicators of diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.

According to the method and system provided by the utility model, a set of safe and efficient drinking water emergency treatment equipment with a treatment capacity of 500m ³ /d based on nanofiltration or reverse osmosis as the core is designed and manufactured, which is used for water source water suffering sudden Safe drinking water treatment in the presence of phthalate contamination.

The self-cleaning filter in the emergency treatment equipment is the JY2-3 disc filter of Beijing Jiemingzhichen New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., with a filtration accuracy of 100 μm. The ultrafiltration membrane in the ultrafiltration membrane treatment unit adopts the SVU-1060-C membrane module produced by Beijing Kanpur Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. The effluent water quality of the ultrafiltration membrane treatment unit: turbidity ≤ 0.5NTU, SDI ≤ 3, suspended solids < 5mg/L. The backwashing frequency of the ultrafiltration membrane during operation is 2 times/hr, the backwashing time is 30 seconds/time, and the backwashing intensity is 45L/m ² .hr. The chemically enhanced backwash frequency of the ultrafiltration membrane during operation is generally 0.5 times per day, and the chemical cleaning agent is 200ppm sodium hypochlorite solution. In the process of chemically enhanced backwashing, the performance of the ultrafiltration membrane can be restored by discharging the chemical cleaning solution after soaking for 1 minute and cyclic cleaning for 1 minute.

When the source water is polluted by diethyl phthalate and the concentration of diethyl phthalate in the water is 1mg.L ^-1 , since the molecular weight of dibutyl phthalate is 222.2 daltons, it is greater than 200 daltons Therefore, a nanofiltration membrane treatment system is used for advanced treatment. The nanofiltration membrane uses DK4040 membrane module of GE Company, adopts one-stage two-stage method, the operating pressure of the first stage is 1.8MPa, the recovery rate of water is ≥70%, and the removal rate of diethyl phthalate is ≥75.0%.

The concentration of diethyl phthalate in the drinking water treated by the emergency treatment equipment manufactured with DK8040 nanofiltration membrane as the core is less than 0.25mg.L ^-1 , which is lower than the sanitary standard for drinking water in China (GB5749-2006). Set index value of diethyl phthalate. The comparison results of drinking water-related water quality parameters after nanofiltration treatment and GB5749-2006 standard are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

When the source water is polluted by dimethyl phthalate, and the concentration of dimethyl phthalate in the water is 1 mg.L ^-1 , since the molecular weight of dimethyl phthalate is 194.2, which is less than 200 Daltons, therefore The reverse osmosis membrane treatment system is used for advanced treatment. The reverse osmosis membrane adopts BDX8040B-375 membrane module produced by Hangzhou Beidouxing Membrane Products Co., Ltd., adopts one-stage two-stage method, the operating pressure of the first stage is 1.8MPa, the water recovery rate is ≥ 70%, and the removal of dimethyl phthalate Rate ≥ 95.0%. The concentration of dimethyl phthalate in the treated drinking water is less than 0.05 mg.L ^-1 . Table 2 shows the comparison results of drinking water-related water quality parameters after reverse osmosis treatment and the GB5749-2006 standard.

Table 2

From the results of Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that the emergency treatment system and process of the present invention treat drinking water polluted by organic pollutants, which is convenient and quick, and the treated drinking water meets the standard of GB5749-2006.

Claims (7)

1. an emergency treatment system of drinking water organic pollutant pollution, it is characterized in that, comprise pretreatment unit, be connected in parallel with each other and be positioned at the nanofiltration membrane treatment unit and the reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit of described pretreatment unit downstream; The nanofiltration membrane treatment unit and the reverse osmosis membrane treatment unit are connected in parallel with each other and connected to the pretreatment unit through a water main pipe; The nanofiltration membrane processing unit includes a nanofiltration water inlet regulating valve, a nanofiltration membrane device and a nanofiltration water production electromagnetic valve connected in sequence; The reverse osmosis membrane processing unit includes a reverse osmosis water inlet regulating valve, a reverse osmosis membrane device and a reverse osmosis water production electromagnetic valve connected in sequence; The main water delivery pipe is sequentially provided with a second regulating valve, a security filter and a water inlet switching valve from the pretreatment unit. the 2. The emergency treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment unit comprises a self-cleaning filter, an ultrafiltration device and a water tank connected in sequence, and the water main pipe is connected to the water tank. the 3. The emergency treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, an ultrafiltration backwash water pipe is provided between the water tank and the ultrafiltration device, and a backwash inlet is sequentially provided on the ultrafiltration backwash water pipe along the water flow direction. Water regulating valve and backwash water pump. the 4. The emergency treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the ultrafiltration backwash water pipe is also provided with a cleaning agent dosing device. the 5. The emergency treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a self-cleaning system, said self-cleaning system comprising a cleaning water tank connected in sequence, a third regulating valve, a chemical cleaning pump and cleaning Security filter, the outlet pipe of the cleaning security filter is connected to the nanofiltration membrane device all the way, connected to the reverse osmosis membrane device all the way, and is provided on the pipeline connecting the nanofiltration membrane device and the reverse osmosis membrane device A regulating valve, the nanofiltration membrane device and the reverse osmosis membrane device are provided with concentrated water discharge solenoid valves. the 6. The emergency treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that, the water main pipe is also provided with a scale inhibitor dosing device. the 7. The emergency treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that a coagulant dosing device is provided in front of the self-cleaning filter. the

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