CN202840548U - Electromechanical device applicable to battery charging and discharging equalization and braking energy recuperation - Google Patents
Electromechanical device applicable to battery charging and discharging equalization and braking energy recuperation Download PDFInfo
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- CN202840548U CN202840548U CN 201220284571 CN201220284571U CN202840548U CN 202840548 U CN202840548 U CN 202840548U CN 201220284571 CN201220284571 CN 201220284571 CN 201220284571 U CN201220284571 U CN 201220284571U CN 202840548 U CN202840548 U CN 202840548U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an electromechanical device applicable to battery charging and discharging equalization and braking energy recuperation. The electromechanical device is applicable to overall equalization and segment equalization of charging and discharging voltage in the application field of various types of batteries, is applicable to motor braking energy recuperation, can reduce battery pack overall voltage when the electromechanical device is used for a regeneration energy variable flow energy storage system, is convenient for energy storage of any grade voltage, is applicable to voltage reduction control and current doubler control of a direct current motor and is applicable to circuit connection transition of an active two-terminal element or a passive two-terminal element. The electromechanical device has two switch driving modes of mechanical shaft transmission and electromagnet transmission, these two electrical work principles are same, and both are for connection circuit overall transition of large-scale overall power elements. Compared with a semiconductor element in the prior art, the electromechanical device has advantages of stability, practicality, security and economy performance. The electromechanical device can improve an economy value by 80% in a use field of the electromechanical device.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model is the balanced electromechanical device that reclaims with braking energy of battery charging and discharging.Be applicable to whole group of equilibrium of charging/discharging voltage and segment equalization in the various secondary cell applications, be applicable to the motor braking energy and reclaim, be applicable to the energy storage of honourable energy storage system low-voltage, be applicable to the control of DC motor reduced-voltage starting and times current control.The circuit that is applicable to active two-terminal element or passive two-terminal element connects conversion.
Background technology:
1. the necessity of battery voltage balanced:
Just there are the difference on the capacity, the difference of internal resistance, the difference of assembling, the difference of engineering applied environment etc. between secondary cell monomer and the monomer, on all difference concentrated expression voltage at a time.
Lithium-ion battery monomer 100%DOD cycle-index can break through 2000 times at present, if do 100%DOD every day one time, after 5 years 06 months, battery capacity is 80% of initial capacity.Be that battery cell should be trouble-free during this period of time, when in fact the series connection of 12 cells is used in groups after 600 times about 70% of the not enough initial capacity of battery capacity.In parallel when using in groups after 900 times battery capacity be about 85% of initial capacity.
Battery always will be with monomer series-connected use in all engineerings are used, when battery strings is unified into the group use, no matter be charging or discharge, all be to be as the criterion with the high and extremely low monomer voltage in this Battery pack, monomer voltage is higher than certain threshold value during charging, system stops charging, and the energy storage capacity ∑ E that battery pack is total and the relation of monomer storage power are: ∑ E
Charge=E
Monomer min* monomer number, monomer voltage is lower than certain threshold value during discharge, and system stops the discharge electricity, and the relation of release energy ∑ E and monomer storage power that battery pack is total is: ∑ E
Discharge=E
Monomer min* monomer number.For battery pack can be stored as far as possible and discharging more energy, in order to allow battery better be utilized, we must carry out capacity equilibrium to battery pack.Because all difference embodies a concentrated expression of on the quiescent voltage.So as long as we are just passable to the battery voltage equilibrium.
2. traditional battery balanced analysis:
2.1. the simple battery balanced treatment technology of shunting:
On battery balanced treatment technology, mode is varied, modal a kind of battery voltage balanced is shunting, a semiconductor switch in parallel and a current-limiting resistor network on battery when battery is charged, reach some threshold values when cell voltage raises, the semiconductor switch conducting that is triggered, allowing charging current switch on the low battery of voltage, is the high battery of the low battery of voltage and voltage at last, and voltage is substantially equal.The advantage of this balanced way is, circuit topology is simple, and the charge balancing function easily realizes.One of this balancing technique shortcoming: charge balancing is substantially to have realized, just do not consider but equalization discharge is basic, so be monolateral equilibrium, concerning battery uses in groups, help little, two of this balancing technique shortcoming: the conducting internal resistance minimum of semiconductor switch also is milliohm (m Ω) order of magnitude, each manufacturer of the apolegamy of current-limiting resistance is different, the minimum 3ohm that also selects, and just simple electrical loss also is: Q=I
2R, so the euqalizing current of scheme can not be done greatly, if euqalizing current is larger, electric energy loss is just more serious, and the control system ambient temperature raises, and system works is disorderly.If euqalizing current is less,
Battery is wanted the balanced electric weight that equates, the needed time will be very long.Three of this balancing technique shortcoming: to the increasing situation of physical culture battery cell capacity, this equilibrium is the purpose that can't reach the user, does not more ensure the consistency of battery.Four of this balancing technique shortcoming: semiconductor switch advantage in the process of using is a lot, contactless contact, noise is little, without electric arc etc., but in case lost efficacy, always far away more than the situation of open circuit, battery cell just consists of the self discharge network with the bypass equalizing resistance to the situation of short circuit if in a single day semiconductor switch is short-circuited, battery itself is by kinetoplast, so it will be uncensored the bleeding off of electric weight that stores." self discharge " of Here it is balancer.
2.2. the battery balanced treatment technology of improved shunting:
2 semiconductor switchs have been added on the basis of this simple equalization technic, one of them semiconductor electronic switch series is associated in the cell circuit, another bypass is on equalizing circuit, and these two semiconductors are finished the equalization discharge function in circuit, and this is the advantage of this scheme.Topmost shortcoming is exactly these 2 semiconductor switchs when work, and electric current is the trunk roads electric current, loss is very large, do not have energy-conservation effect at all, so at present, in little galvanic cell group, substantially use, but for large-capacity battery pack without any practical value, there are simple all shortcomings of loading sharing technology simultaneously in this balancing technique, if and the semiconductor switch of bypass on equalizing circuit lost efficacy, will be to battery cell direct short-circuit, for whole battery management system, since extremely easily breaking out of fire of short circuit, the catastrophic failures such as blast.So this technology has been changed with regard to better.
2.3. Switching Power Supply charge balancing technology
Switching Power Supply charge balancing technology utilizes the low-voltage, high-current Switching Power Supply to battery cell charging and reparation, and operation principle is that the Switching Power Supply of utilizing output and the full charging voltage of battery to equate is charged one to one to cell.The advantage of this balancing technique is: the controllability of Switching Power Supply is high, intelligent degree is high, but the shortcoming main manifestations has 2 points: one, and the flexibility of Switching Power Supply is high, but consistency is just poor, the voltage extreme difference of monomer Switching Power Supply is less than one batch of 10mV, than battery also difficulty accomplish, so the inconsistency of Switching Power Supply, when this man-to-man charging, will directly pass to cell, cell also is to have guaranteed through the consistency of battery after circulating several times; Its two, always there is loss in the low-voltage, high-current Switching Power Supply, if lithium-ion battery monomer charging module efficient is 85%, the module loss of 400W is 60W, if 100 each monomer work 1 hour is arranged, total losses are exactly 60 * 100=6000W so, have lost so energy-conservation effect.(share the inefficient many of a charger than battery pack.Can reach 96% if the efficient of shared charger is that 95%(is actual), for the charger of 40kW, loss is 2000W, energy-conservation than 6000W is 4000W.) so this scheme can not be used for to battery balanced processing.
2.4. battery recombinant technique:
This technology is exactly after the battery in the battery is repaired correction again, the balancing technique that reconfigures, after battery pack work a period of time, the difference of battery cell just shows gradually, increasing for fear of extreme difference, at this moment the monomer that wherein differs greatly is discharged and recharged, all battery furnishings is consistent, and then in groups.The advantage of this technology is: directly restructuring and reparation.One of this technical disadvantages is that quantities is large, and capacity and voltage can't Accurate Determinings during reparation; Two of this technical disadvantages is that the sustainability of repairing is poor, for new battery, can recombinate once after 200 circulations, and for the battery later stage, the number of times of restructuring can be more frequent, so this balancing technique can not really realize the charge and discharge balancing of battery pack.
From above several battery pack balancing schemes, all there is corresponding shortcoming, do not have all really to realize that monomer voltage is balanced in the battery pack, the bottleneck in can't solving battery manufacture and using.
The utility model content:
1. the foundation of the utility model scheme:
1.1 the battery pack after the equilibrium of the utility model device, voltage extreme difference are 0V.
1.2 the utility model must be applicable to the equilibrium of great current cell group
1.3 the utility model must possess the bidirectional equalization of discharging and recharging function
No matter 1.4 the utility model must be in equilibrium or must be ensured that in the course of the work the little loss of conducting resistance is little
1.5 the utility model must can allow three states (operating state, shelve state, equilibrium state) of battery pack mutually change when using.And at any time, battery pack can only remain on a state in above-mentioned three states,
1.6 if in the battery pack, " 0V " battery occurs, the utility model can transfer battery pack to shelving state.
1.7 the utility model possesses braking energy recovering function:
1.8 the utility model must be simple to operate, but repetitive operation.
1.9 the utility model can be used for the circuit of other two-terminal elements and connect conversion, changes voltage, electric current, the resistance of circuit.
1.10 the utility model can also can pass through electromagnetic force transmission switch transition by mechanical axis transmission switch transition.
2. the utility model adopts modularization assembling
2.1 the utility model is a kind of electromechanical assembly of realizing battery voltage balanced and braking energy recovery by switch transition, the utility model is divided into mechanical axis transmission and two kinds of switch drive modes of electromagnet transmission.
2.2 scheme one: mechanical axis transmission switch drive mode:
1 housing, 1 axis body are arranged in the unit module of each mechanical axis transmission switch, pair of series bus contact is arranged on the housing of each unit module, a pair of parallel bus contact, 2 groups from recovering fuse, 2 stopping means.Pair of series movable contact spring, a pair of linkage contact are arranged, 2 stopping means on the axis body of each unit module.
In the driven off by shaft unit module of machinery, the housing inner chamber is cylindrical shape, and axis body is cylindrical.And there are the gap in housing inner chamber and axis body, and housing is coaxial concentric with axis body;
The size shape of every pair of contact is identical, and Central Symmetry distributes;
One group is certainly recovered fuse in parallel with 1 bus contact of 1 serial bus contact is coupled together, then cast in the housing, serial bus contact and parallel bus contact are cylinder, and the face nearest apart from axis body is the arc column face, the arc column face protrudes the housing inner chamber, and the arc column face projection in the axial direction of serial bus contact and parallel bus contact is equidistant helix; 1 stopping means is set between housing inner chamber serial bus contact and parallel bus contact.
Two series connection movable contact springs are cylinder, and the face nearest apart from housing is outer surface, and its outer surface is the arc column face, the face of cylinder that the arc column face of series connection movable contact spring protrudes axis body, and this arc column face in the axial direction be projected as equidistant helix; The height of column of series connection movable contact spring is less than the housing height; The short circuit of two series connection movable contact spring elder generations connects, and then is fixed in the axis body.
Two linkage contacts are cylinder, and the face nearest apart from housing is outer surface, and its outer surface is the arc column face, and this arc column face in the axial direction be projected as equidistant helix; The height of column of two linkage contacts equals the axis body height; The direction that parallels to the axis on the face of cylinder of axis body is opened 2 grooves, and then these 2 groove center symmetries are fixed on the linkage contact on the groove of axis body, and the outer surface of linkage contact protrudes the face of cylinder of axis body.
Between 1 series connection movable contact spring and 1 linkage contact 1 stopping means is being set on the axis body face of cylinder, and 2 stopping means Central Symmetries distribute.
Axis body equates with the height of housing; The every pair of contact in the axial direction directrix of the equidistant helix of projection is the isometric helix camber line that limit is identical, direction of rotation is identical, the utmost point directly equates, radian equates.The directrix direction of rotation of series and parallel bus contact is opposite, and the directrix direction of rotation of series and parallel movable contact spring is opposite.The height of every pair of contact is equal, and the directrix of every pair of contact all is into centrosymmetric two sections isometric helix camber lines.
2.3 scheme two: electromagnetic force transmission switch drive mode:
In the unit module of each electromagnetic force transmission switch drive mode 2 electromagnet are arranged, 2 common, 2 normally opened contacts, 1 normally-closed contact, each common links to each other with an end of two-terminal element or cell, is connected one between the normally opened contact of each unit and the parallel bus from recovering fuse.
Above two kinds of on-off modes must be that the unit module more than 3 is used in combination, the controlled two-terminal element of control more than 2.When the unit module of electromagnet transmission on-off mode made up, parallel bus was in parallel with the normal battle on each unit module same position by outer lead; When the unit module of mechanical axis transmission on-off mode made up, the linkage contact in each group on the unit module correspondence position shared a linkage contact, and the height of shared linkage contact is the algebraical sum of all unit module axis body height in the group.
3. the driven off by shaft operation principle of the utility model machinery:
3.1 1 a series connection bus contact is installed in 50 ° ~ 105 ° positions of inner walls, 1 in parallel bus contact is installed 115 ° ~ 130 ° positions, in 65 ° ~ 70 ° of inner walls and 245 ° ~ 250 ° two place a limited location device is installed respectively, in 230 ° ~ 285 ° positions of inner walls another serial bus contacts is installed; Another group parallel bus contact is installed 295 ° ~ 310 ° positions, 2 series connection movable contact springs become Central Symmetry, a series connection contact is installed on the axis body cylinder on 50 ° ~ 130 ° positions, another is installed on the axis body cylinder on 230 ° ~ 310 ° positions, on the axis body cylinder 65 ° ~ 70 ° with 245 ° ~ 250 ° two place a limited location device respectively is installed, 1 contact in parallel is installed in 135 ° ~ 150 ° positions at the axis body cylinder, in 315 ° ~ 330 ° positions of axis body cylinder another contact in parallel is installed.
3.2 shelve state: after axis body rotation drive movable contact spring left the bus contact, at this moment battery pack all was in the state of shelving, and this moment, each battery was an independently monomer, and system can not charge to battery, can not be to battery discharge.
3.3 operating state: refer to that battery pack follows other equipment to carry out the state of energy exchange, axis body rotates and drives the series connection movable contact spring near the serial bus contact, until the stopping means on the axis body or on the housing is when stoping axis body to rotate, the series connection movable contact spring fully contacts with the serial bus contact, battery pack enters operating state, contact connect this moment with all battery series connection in the battery pack, and battery pack enters operating state.
3.4 equilibrium state: refer in the battery pack, energy exchange state between battery and the battery, axis body forwards drive series connection movable contact spring to and leaves the serial bus contact, drive the linkage contact near the parallel bus contact, until the stopping means on the axis body or on the housing is when stoping axis body to rotate, the linkage contact fully contacts with the section in parallel of bus contact, and with all cell parallels in the battery pack, battery pack enters equilibrium state.
3.5 in order to overcome the electric property over-widened gap of two-terminal element in the circuit, connected in parallel branch and certainly recovered fuse, if electric current is excessive when balanced, certainly recovering fuse can self adaptation increase and decrease impedance, ensures circuit and security appliance.
3.6 in the mechanical axis kind of drive, mechanical axis rotates can use stepping motor and BMS(battery management system) cooperate and finish, what the mechanical axis kind of drive was mainly utilized is the revolving property of isometric helix, contact in conjunction with the time, bonding position is near vertical combination, and contact is close to normal pressure, when the contact that mutually combines has frictional force to occur, the contact that mutually combines is fully contact, and stopping means is spacing.When the separation of two contacts, the direction of motion of two contacts also is vertical direction, meets the electrical connection rule from the angle of the combination of contact and disconnection.In the process of the combination of contact and disconnection, seldom overcome friction acting is so frictional dissipation can convert huge battery circuit for reality to like a cork.Because the driven off by shaft switch of tool is the face contact, contact resistance is compressed to minimum, and loss drops to minimum.This mode is applicable to the larger operating mode of electric parameter., scribble graphite or conductive paste on the surface of contact, play lubricated, conduction, the effect such as anticorrosion.
3.7 in individual module, each organizes comprehensive coefficient of friction between the contact less than 0.01, breakdown torque is less than 0.005 N of * rice, if 16 modules are one group, then every group of breakdown torque is less than 0.08 N of * rice.
4. the operation principle of the utility model electromagnet transmission
4.1 shelve state: electromagnet 1 is off-position with electromagnet 2, and common keeps static balance under the effect of self elastic force, the battery in the battery pack is disconnected, and at this moment all batteries in the battery pack are in the state of shelving.
4.2 operating state: electromagnet 1 energising, electromagnet 2 outages attract 3. normally closed point simultaneously with 2 common after electromagnet 1 energising, and normally closed point is 3. with all the battery series connection in the battery pack.At this moment battery pack just enters operating state.
4.3 equilibrium state: electromagnet 1 outage, 6. electromagnet 2 energisings attract 2 common after electromagnet 2 energisings, 7. on two normal battles simultaneously.Normal battle is in parallel with all monomers in the battery pack by outer lead, and this moment, battery pack just entered the electric voltage equalization state.
4.4 the electrical installation principle of the electromagnet kind of drive in the utility model is identical with the driven off by shaft switch of tool, mainly is applicable to the electric loop of electric current below 100A.
The utility model is that present semiconductor element can't be realized from stability, practicality, fail safe, economy.
5. application of the present utility model
5.1 the utility model is applicable to the series connection engineering of any secondary cell, plays therein battery and connects the function of voltage, balancing energy and prolongation battery; When being used for renewable energy resources unsteady flow energy-storage system, can reduce the battery pack global voltage, be convenient to the energy storage of any voltage gradation.
5.2 the utility model can play the reduction battery voltage in storing braking energy, strengthens the function of recovery ability.
5.3 the utility model is mainly by switch change-over in the unit module, thereby the connected mode of two-terminal element in the change circuit.Can be applicable to other the active or passive circuit connection conversions except battery.The electric parameter of whole circuit is changed at double, thereby reach the electric property that needs.
Be used in combination 5.4 the utility model must be the unit module more than 3, the controlled two-terminal element of control more than 2 says on its stability, practicality, fail safe, the economy that present semiconductor element can't realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the explanation of electromagnet transmission switch inner member:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. normally opened contact b of normally opened contact a of common b of common a of normally-closed contact of electromagnet b of electromagnet a
Fig. 2. the explanation of mechanical axis transmission switch inner member:
8. 9. 10. serial bus contact a of axis body of housing
Serial bus contact b
From recovering fuse a
From recovering fuse b
Parallel bus contact a
Parallel bus contact b
Terminals a installing hole
Terminals b installing hole
Stopping means a in the housing
Housing rotary stopping means b
Series connection movable contact spring a
Series connection movable contact spring b
Linkage contact a
Linkage contact b
Rotary limit device a on the axis body
Rotary limit device b on the axis body
Unit module integrated positioning installing hole
Fig. 3. three kinds of status circuit principles of electromagnet transmission switch:
(a) operating state (b) equilibrium state (c) is shelved state
Fig. 4. three kinds of state cross sections of electromagnet transmission switch
(a) operating state (b) equilibrium state (c) is shelved state
Fig. 5. three kinds of status circuit principles of mechanical axis transmission switch
(a) operating state (b) equilibrium state (c) is shelved state
Fig. 6. three kinds of state cross sections of mechanical axis transmission switch
(a) operating state (b) equilibrium state (c) is shelved state
Fig. 7. series and parallel movable contact spring directrix schematic diagram on the mechanical axis transmission switch axis body
(a) series connection movable contact spring directrix schematic diagram (b) linkage contact directrix schematic diagram
Fig. 8. series and parallel bus contact directrix schematic diagram in the mechanical axis transmission switch case
(a) serial bus contact directrix schematic diagram (b) parallel bus contact directrix schematic diagram
Fig. 9. mechanical axis transmission switch axis body positive sectional view and housing positive sectional view
A) axis body positive sectional view (b) housing positive sectional view
Figure 10. mechanical axis transmission switch series interlock contact normal section and stereogram
(a) series connection movable contact spring positive sectional view (b) series connection movable contact stereogram
Figure 11. mechanical axis transmission switch in parallel movable contact spring normal section and stereogram
(a) linkage contact positive sectional view (b) linkage contact stereogram
Figure 12. mechanical axis transmission switch serial bus contact normal section and stereogram: (a) serial bus contact positive sectional view (b) serial bus contact stereogram
Figure 13. mechanical axis transmission switch in parallel bus contact normal section and stereogram: (a) parallel bus contact positive sectional view (b) parallel bus contact stereogram
Figure 14. mechanical axis transmission switch axis body assembling solid and housing assembling stereogram: (a) axis body assembling stereogram (b) housing assembling stereogram
Figure 15. mechanical axis drive switching element module stereogram
Figure 16. the cell voltage charge and discharge balancing equipment that mechanical axis transmission switch consists of
Figure 17. mechanical axis transmission switch shares linkage contact length variations schematic diagram in groups the time
Figure 18. electromagnet transmission on-off mode is the operating state application principle in groups
Figure 19. electromagnet transmission on-off mode is the equilibrium state application principle in groups
Figure 20. electromagnet transmission on-off mode is shelved the state application principle in groups
Figure 21. mechanical axis transmission on-off mode is the operating state application principle in groups
Figure 22. mechanical axis transmission on-off mode is the equilibrium state application principle in groups
Figure 23. mechanical axis transmission on-off mode is shelved the state application principle in groups
Figure 24. electromagnet transmission on-off mode the 1st stage energy reclaims the switch closure situation
Figure 25. electromagnet transmission on-off mode the 2nd stage energy reclaims the switch closure situation
Figure 26. electromagnet transmission on-off mode the 3rd stage energy reclaims the switch closure situation
Figure 27. electromagnet transmission on-off mode the 4th stage energy reclaims the switch closure situation
Figure 28. mechanical axis transmission on-off mode the 1st stage energy reclaims the switch rotary situation
Figure 29. mechanical axis transmission on-off mode the 2nd stage energy reclaims the switch rotary situation
Figure 30. mechanical axis transmission on-off mode the 3rd stage energy reclaims the switch rotary situation
Figure 31. mechanical axis transmission on-off mode the 4th stage energy reclaims the switch rotary situation
Embodiment:
The utility model is done experiment with mechanical axis kind of drive device.
5.5 mechanical axis kind of drive device, the bus contact is fixed on the inner walls, and the bus contact is comprised of clockwise isometric helix contact and counter-clockwise isometric helix contact two parts; Respectively as series connection movable contact spring, linkage contact, clockwise between isometric helix contact and the counter-clockwise isometric helix contact, a stopping means is arranged, axis body rotates and drives the series connection movable contact spring near the serial bus contact, until the stopping means on the axis body or on the housing is when stoping axis body to rotate, the series connection movable contact spring fully contacts with the bus contact, and battery pack enters operating state, and the contact of connecting this moment is connected battery pack.When forwarding drive series connection movable contact spring to, axis body leaves the serial bus contact, drive the linkage contact near the parallel bus contact, until the stopping means on the axis body or the stopping means on the housing are when stoping axis body to rotate, the linkage contact fully contacts with the parallel bus contact, with all cell parallels in the battery pack, battery pack enters equilibrium state.The utility model cooperate BMS and dc stepper motor jointly finish rotating shaft rotation process.
The charge balancing test:
The battery pack gross rated capacity is 51.2V100Ah(100Ah ferrous phosphate lithium battery 16 strings, totally 16 monomers), be in test objective, battery is through behind the forming and capacity dividing, the battery of 2.5V voltage appears to this Battery pack in 1 multiplying power discharged in series, then 1 multiplying power charges to the battery that occurs 3.65V voltage in this Battery pack, records voltage and the capacity of each monomer.
When the charging of battery pack monomer voltage reaches 3.65V, charger stops immediately to batteries charging, if use the utility model to carry out charge balancing, as long as the cell voltage extreme difference is greater than 20mV in the group, just start once equilibrium, until battery voltage equates just to begin to start charging.The actual charging capacity of result is:
| Sequence number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Capacity (Ah) | 113 | 110 | 116 | 115 | 118 | 114 | 117 | 111 | 111 |
| |
10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | Electric weight adds up to | |
| Capacity (Ah) | 114 | 110 | 112 | 117 | 115 | 111 | 118 | 1822 |
Equalization discharge test: use for the first time battery pack of test, finish the post-equalization discharge test in the battery pack balancing charging, (battery of 2.5V voltage appears to this Battery pack in discharged in series, in charging, use the utility model balanced to the charging voltage of battery, 1 multiplying power charges to that cell voltage is till the 3.65V in this group) in discharge process, utilize balanced 1 multiplying power discharging of the utility model, until the voltage of all batteries is 2.5V in all battery pack.
The utility model ageing test: to the utility model device, drive rotating shaft with stepping motor, in charging process, (charging 8s, balanced 3s in every 12s, shelve 1s) cycle rotation 1 time, in discharge process, (discharge 8s, balanced 3s shelve 1s) circulation is 1 time in every 12s, 1 rate charge-discharge electric current, through battery set charge/discharge 1000 cycles of test, device of the present utility model circulates 1,000,000 times altogether, and the utility model device and battery pack test data are seen the following form:
Discharge and recharge the application in the segment equalization: battery pack is totally 105 lithium-ion battery monomer series connection, is divided into now 5 sections, and 21 every section monomer series-connected, utilizes the utility model at first to every section equilibrium, (the 1C charging and discharging currents is 100A)
Application during braking energy reclaims: when owing to motor braking occuring, rotating speed is more and more lower, and the brake voltage of motor generation is more and more lower, and this rule of braking energy changes, and we can be its sufficient recovery and application.As long as the total voltage of battery pack is lower than the voltage that braking motor produces, battery pack just can obtain the charging of braking energy.Utilize the utility model can battery pack according to:
NU
01/2, NU
01/2
2, NU
01/2
3, NU
01/2
4, NU
01/2
5, NU
01/2
6... NU
01/2
nSuch voltage gradient changes (N: the sum of battery in battery pack, n: natural number, U
0: the voltage of cell), use the braking energy recovery test that the utility model is made battery-operated motor cycle.
This battery-operated motor cycle deadweight m1=100kg, battery pack total capacity 96V30Ah(30Ah LiFePO 4 32 strings, totally 32 monomers), battery quality m2=28kg, loading capacity m3=100kg, motor rated power 1kW, peak power 2kW, motor rated speed 2400r/min, it is v that maximum speed 4000r/min works as speed
0=10m/s motor speed 1800r/min constantly, when the electric braking end speed was vn=1m/s, friction brake was braked vn=0m/s, and the geography of current automobile highly is 0m, and the gross area that facings the wind of battery-operated motor cycle is 0.4m
2, current electric motorcycle tramcar motor is 52V at the voltage of this transport condition, and electric current is 15.7A, and energy conversion efficiency is 90%, average each energy feedback time 6s, maximum electric braking acceleration a=0.5m/s
2, total braking acceleration a=0.6m/s
2
The speed of a motor vehicle, motor speed and each module output voltage, curent change situation that time period is corresponding; Record case sees the following form: on show symbol description:
T: from brake 0 constantly, every interval 7s is a time period, totally 4 sections
N/s: the mean speed of certain time period motor in the braking procedure, the r/s of unit
U
0n: the average brake voltage of certain time period motor in the braking procedure, the V of unit
I
0n: the average stalling current of certain time period motor in the braking procedure, the A of unit
K
N: energy recycle device starting state, (1,0)
Recuperated energy is about 10000J from current test, if per 2 minutes such braking occur once, per 1.5 hours recyclable 600000J energy.Normal power is 300W if motorcycle travels on horizontal road, the speed v but the energy driving 20km(that then reclaims normally travels
0=10m/s).
In the electronic traffic, can use equally this device to energy to reclaim during the vehicle descending.
Connecting conversion in other circuit uses.
The utility model can be used for the connection in series-parallel conversion of other circuit.Any two end electronic components can use the utility model to carry out the connection in series-parallel conversion.
Test data analyzer:
From analysis of experimental data, the utility model has 5 functions
The first, the utility model has increased the total capacity of battery after in groups.Reduced the requirement to battery consistency.The utility model can be in the battery charging and discharging equilibrium starts during extreme difference arbitrarily balancedly, uses after the utility model, and the energy storage of battery pack is not according to ∑ E
Charge=E
Monomer min* monomer number is calculated.Using after the utility model, is the algebraical sum that cell releases energy separately.Battery pack is total release energy neither: ∑ E
Discharge=E
Monomer min* monomer number.But the algebraical sum that cell releases energy separately.Even battery cell voltage has certain difference, but each equilibrium can both be unified in the voltage of all monomers an in the same manner magnitude of voltage, can allow each cell can reach best energy storage value, also can discharge maximum energy simultaneously.From test 1 with test 2, find out, such Battery pack stores with the energy that discharges can reach 1.1 times of rated value.
The second, reduced loss in the battery charging and discharging equilibrium.In the battery charging and discharging equilibrium, the utility model has adopted complementary balanced, allows whole Battery pack be in state in parallel at time for balance, and without any the electric energy of resistance loss battery cell, the energy of the monomer that energy of position is high is directly transferred to the low monomer of energy of position.It all is the face way of contact that point in the utility model connects, and the conduction impedance is the micro-ohm order of magnitude, and loss is reduced to minimum.
Three, increase cycle-index, reduced the conforming requirement of stack battery, prolonged the useful life of stack battery.After battery is used in groups, just can only not see the electrical performance indexes of monomer, whole electrical performance indexes is the key that determines whole Battery pack, if the voltage of any monomer or capacity polarization, even if whole Battery pack operating state is unusual.And the utility model can allow at any time the voltage of all monomers is consistent in the battery pack, has stopped the generation of monomer voltage in the battery pack or capacity polarization at all.Prolong more than 1.5 times the useful life that can also guarantee battery pack.
The 4th, improved energy recovery efficiency, reduced the cost recovery of traditional braking energy, the conversion of mode electric energy and two kinds of voltage transformations that braking energy reclaims, voltage transformation has the brake voltage mode and reduction battery voltage mode of rising motor, the utility model is exactly the braking electric energy that reclaims motor by the mode that reduces step by step battery voltage, the energy equivalence that the brake voltage mode of braking energy that the utility model reclaims and rising motor of found through experiments reclaims, and it is low to have a cost, circuit is simple, the characteristics such as easy to operate are fit to generally use.The braking energy that reclaims is equivalent to 20% of battery pack rated capacity.
Five, improved the flexibility that circuit connects.Can the in parallel or series connection any plural two-terminal element, reach boost, step-down, doubly stream, shunting texts.Be applicable to simultaneously the control of motor reduced-voltage starting and times current control etc.
Sum up: the utility model can improve 80% economic worth in the field of its use.
Claims (2)
1. the balanced electromechanical assembly that reclaims with braking energy of battery charging and discharging is characterized in that, adopts mechanical axis transmission switch drive mode:
1 housing, 1 axis body are arranged in the unit module of each mechanical axis transmission switch, pair of series bus contact is arranged on the housing of each unit module, a pair of parallel bus contact, 2 groups from recovering fuse, 2 stopping means; Pair of series movable contact spring, a pair of linkage contact are arranged, 2 stopping means on the axis body of each unit module;
In the driven off by shaft unit module of machinery, the housing inner chamber is cylindrical shape, and axis body is cylindrical; And there are the gap in housing inner chamber and axis body, and housing is coaxial concentric with axis body;
The size shape of every pair of contact is identical, and Central Symmetry distributes;
One group is certainly recovered fuse in parallel with 1 bus contact of 1 serial bus contact is coupled together, then cast in the housing, serial bus contact and parallel bus contact are cylinder, and the face nearest apart from axis body is the arc column face, the arc column face protrudes the housing inner chamber, and the arc column face projection in the axial direction of serial bus contact and parallel bus contact is equidistant helix; 1 stopping means is set between housing inner chamber serial bus contact and parallel bus contact;
Two series connection movable contact springs are cylinder, and the face nearest apart from housing is outer surface, and its outer surface is the arc column face, the face of cylinder that the arc column face of series connection movable contact spring protrudes axis body, and this arc column face in the axial direction be projected as equidistant helix; The height of column of series connection movable contact spring is less than the housing height; The short circuit of two series connection movable contact spring elder generations connects, and then is fixed in the axis body;
Two linkage contacts are cylinder, and the face nearest apart from housing is outer surface, and its outer surface is the arc column face, and this arc column face in the axial direction be projected as equidistant helix; The height of column of two linkage contacts equals the axis body height; The direction that parallels to the axis on the face of cylinder of axis body is opened 2 grooves, and then these 2 groove center symmetries are fixed on the linkage contact on the groove of axis body, and the outer surface of linkage contact protrudes the face of cylinder of axis body;
Between 1 series connection movable contact spring and 1 linkage contact 1 stopping means is being set on the axis body face of cylinder, and 2 stopping means Central Symmetries distribute;
Axis body equates with the height of housing; The every pair of contact in the axial direction directrix of the equidistant helix of projection is the isometric helix camber line that limit is identical, direction of rotation is identical, the utmost point directly equates, radian equates; The directrix direction of rotation of series and parallel bus contact is opposite, and the directrix direction of rotation of series and parallel movable contact spring is opposite; The height of every pair of contact is equal, and the directrix of every pair of contact all is into centrosymmetric two sections isometric helix camber lines;
2. the balanced electromechanical assembly that reclaims with braking energy of battery charging and discharging is characterized in that, adopts two kinds of switch drive modes of electromagnet transmission;
In the unit module of each electromagnetic force transmission switch drive mode 2 electromagnet are arranged, 2 common, 2 normally opened contacts, 1 normally-closed contact, each common links to each other with an end of two-terminal element or cell, is connected one between the normally opened contact of each unit and the parallel bus from recovering fuse;
Above two kinds of on-off modes must be that the unit module more than 3 is used in combination, the controlled two-terminal element of control more than 2; When the unit module of electromagnet transmission on-off mode made up, parallel bus was in parallel with the normal battle on each unit module same position by outer lead; When the unit module of mechanical axis transmission on-off mode made up, the linkage contact in each group on the unit module correspondence position shared a linkage contact, and the height of shared linkage contact is the algebraical sum of all unit module axis body height in the group.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220284571 CN202840548U (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2012-06-14 | Electromechanical device applicable to battery charging and discharging equalization and braking energy recuperation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220284571 CN202840548U (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2012-06-14 | Electromechanical device applicable to battery charging and discharging equalization and braking energy recuperation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202840548U true CN202840548U (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220284571 Expired - Fee Related CN202840548U (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2012-06-14 | Electromechanical device applicable to battery charging and discharging equalization and braking energy recuperation |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN202840548U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102780243A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2012-11-14 | 范承 | Electromechanical device for battery charging and discharging balancing and braking energy recovery |
| CN106655329A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-05-10 | 黄银山 | Multi-storage battery serial-parallel circuit conversion assembly |
| CN109638210A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-16 | 黄银山 | Battery group serial parallel converter |
| CN109638210B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2024-04-16 | 黄银山 | Series-parallel converter for storage battery pack |
-
2012
- 2012-06-14 CN CN 201220284571 patent/CN202840548U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102780243A (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2012-11-14 | 范承 | Electromechanical device for battery charging and discharging balancing and braking energy recovery |
| CN102780243B (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2014-12-10 | 范承 | Electromechanical device for battery charging and discharging balancing and braking energy recovery |
| CN106655329A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-05-10 | 黄银山 | Multi-storage battery serial-parallel circuit conversion assembly |
| CN109638210A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-16 | 黄银山 | Battery group serial parallel converter |
| CN109638210B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2024-04-16 | 黄银山 | Series-parallel converter for storage battery pack |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20130327 Termination date: 20130614 |