CN202747320U - 空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉 - Google Patents
空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN202747320U CN202747320U CN2012203568997U CN201220356899U CN202747320U CN 202747320 U CN202747320 U CN 202747320U CN 2012203568997 U CN2012203568997 U CN 2012203568997U CN 201220356899 U CN201220356899 U CN 201220356899U CN 202747320 U CN202747320 U CN 202747320U
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
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 [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种锅炉，尤其是一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉。它包括锅壳（2）、省煤器（7）和冷凝器（8），所述锅壳（2）外侧的前端设置有燃烧器（1）和前烟箱（6），锅壳（2）内的下部设置有炉胆（3），所述炉胆（3）的后端设置有回燃室（4），锅壳（2）内的上部设置有对流管束（5），对流管束（5）的管程与回燃室（4）和前烟箱（6）相连通，前烟箱（6）、省煤器（7）和冷凝器（8）通过烟道连通，所述冷凝器（8）采用空冷式冷凝器，所述燃烧器（1）采用分体式结构，出冷凝器（8）的预热空气经空气通道接入燃烧器。本实用新型冷凝器采用空冷式冷凝器，可以实现高效冷凝的效果，同时对一些回水或给水温度较高的锅炉也能适用，冷凝器适用范围更广。
Description
空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉技术领域[0001] 本实用新型涉及一种锅炉，尤其是一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉。属于制热设备技术领域。背景技术[0002] 为了适应国民经济的可持续发展和环境保护的要求，煤炭型燃料已逐步改变为油、气型燃料。近年来，由于燃油燃气锅炉体型小、自动化程度高、安装方便，并在各种热媒下都可以得到十分方便而灵活的应用，燃油燃气锅炉得到了广泛的发展和应用。[0003] 传统燃油燃气锅炉中，由于烟气阻力、低温腐蚀等原因，锅炉排烟温度设计均高于 150°C，未带尾部受热面的锅炉甚至高于250°C，烟气中水蒸汽处于过热蒸汽状态，不可能凝结成液态水而放出汽化潜热。[0004] 在传统燃油燃气锅炉的烟气排烟通路中，设置冷凝余热回收节能装置，烟气在通路内通过传热面，温度降至露点温度以下，含在排烟中的水蒸汽凝结潜热将冷水或温水或冷空气加热，回收烟气中的水蒸汽的汽化潜热，从而提高锅炉热效率的锅炉称为冷凝式锅炉。[0005] 在常规冷凝式锅炉中主要通过低温软化水或低温给水与烟气进行换热来降低锅炉尾部烟气的温度，通常烟气温度与低温介质的温度需要存在一定的温度差（即温压)，一般温压要大于30°C以上，温压越大传热效果越好。但是，工业生产中受储多因素影响，如热水锅炉的回水温度在70°C或90°C甚至更高，蒸汽锅炉的给水循环使用，给水温度过高，这样常规以水为介质的冷凝器是无法达到冷凝效果的，因此常规冷凝式锅炉的适用范围比较窄。如果常规冷凝式锅炉的冷凝器没有经过防低温腐蚀处理，冷凝器在使用一段时间后，会被低温酸腐蚀掉的，因此使用寿命缩短。发明内容[0006] 本实用新型的目的在于克服上述不足，提供了一种高效、适用范围更广的空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉。[0007] 本实用新型的目的是这样实现的：[0008] 一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉，包括锅壳、省煤器和冷凝器，所述锅壳外侧的前端分别设置有燃烧器和前烟箱，燃烧器位于前烟箱的下方，锅壳内的下部设置有炉胆，所述炉胆的后端设置有回燃室，回燃室与炉胆的内腔相连通，锅壳内的上部设置有对流管束，对流管束的管程与回燃室和前烟箱相连通，前烟箱、省煤器和冷凝器通过烟道连通， 其特点是：所述冷凝器采用空冷式冷凝器，所述燃烧器采用分体式结构，出冷凝器的预热空气经空气通道接入燃烧器。空气在冷凝器中与烟气换热，预热后经空气通道进入燃烧器助燃，烟气则被冷却至露点温度以下，烟气中的水蒸汽凝结释放出冷凝热(也即水蒸汽的汽化潜热），回收烟气的余热，提高锅炉的热效率。[0009] 本实用新型一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉，其冷凝器的换热管采用ND钢材料。[0010] 本实用新型一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉，其省煤器采用螺旋翅片管省煤器。[0011] 与现有技术相比，本实用新型的有益效果是：[0012] 本实用新型一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉与现有技术相比，具有如下优占-^ \\\ ·[0013] ①由于冷凝器采用空冷式冷凝器，空冷式冷凝器通过空气作为介质与锅炉尾部的烟气换热，由于一般环境空气的温度在2(T30°C之间，使烟气中的水蒸汽凝结成液态水而放出汽化潜热，相比常规冷凝式锅炉用水作为介质的冷凝器，空冷式冷凝器中温压较大，可将烟气温度降到更低的温度，实现高效冷凝的效果，同时空冷式冷凝器对于回水或给水温度较高的锅炉也能适用，因此适用范围更广。[0014] ②由于冷凝器采用空气预热结构，燃烧器采用分体式结构，空气在冷凝器中与烟气换热，预热后经空气通道进入分体式燃烧器，因此燃烧器内的燃料能更充分的燃烧，燃烧后的烟气温度更高，炉胆内的辐射传热效果更好。[0015] ③由于冷凝器采用ND钢材料和烟道防腐处理，因此能防止低温腐蚀，大大提高了使用寿命。[0016] ④由于省煤器采用螺旋翅片省煤器，其换热面积大，因此达到同等换热效果省煤器所占体积较小。[0017] ⑤排烟温度低于露点温度时，烟气中的水蒸汽会凝结成液态水，而烟气中的有害气体（C02、CO、NOx)随着水蒸汽的冷凝溶于液态水中，从而降低了排烟尾气中的有害气体 (CO2, CO, NOx)的含量，符合国家环保政策。附图说明[0018] 图I为本实用新型空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉的总体结构示意图。[0019] 图2为本实用新型的空冷式冷凝器的结构示意图。[0020] 图3为图2的俯视图。[0021] 图4为本实用新型的省煤器用螺旋翅片管的结构示意图。[0022] 图5为图4的I放大图。[0023] 图中：[0024] 燃烧器I[0025]锅壳 2[0026]炉胆 3[0027] 回燃室4[0028] 对流管束5[0029] 前烟箱6[0030] 省煤器7[0031] 冷凝器8[0032]烟气进口 8. I[0033]烟气出口 8. 23/3页[0034]空气进口 8.3[0035]空气出口 8. 4[0036] 传热管8. 5[0037]保温层 8. 6。具体实施方式[0038] 参见图f图5，本实用新型涉及一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉，它包括锅壳2、省煤器7和冷凝器8，所述锅壳2外侧的前端分别设置有燃烧器I和前烟箱6，燃烧器I位于前烟箱6的下方，所述燃烧器I采用分体式结构，锅壳2内的下部设置有炉胆3， 所述炉胆3的后端设置有回燃室4，回燃室4与炉胆3的内腔相连通，锅壳2内的上部设置有对流管束5，对流管束5的管程与回燃室4和前烟箱6相连通，前烟箱6、省煤器7和冷凝器8通过烟道连通，所述冷凝器8采用空冷式冷凝器，所述燃烧器I采用分体式结构，出冷凝器8的预热空气经空气通道接入燃烧器。所述冷凝器8的换热管采用ND钢材料，所述省煤器7采用螺旋翅片省煤器。[0039] 工作原理：本实用新型空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉，其燃烧器产生的烟气依次经过锅壳2内的炉胆3、回燃室4、对流管束5、前烟箱6和省煤器7，烟气温度降到160°C 左右进入冷凝器8，在冷凝器8内温度进一步降低到烟气中水蒸气露点温度(50V ^60V ) 以下后排入大气，冷凝器8采用空气预热器结构，空气在冷凝器8中与烟气换热，预热后经空气通道进入分体式燃烧器助燃，烟气则被冷却至露点温度以下，烟气中的水蒸汽凝结释放出冷凝热(也即水蒸汽的汽化潜热），回收烟气的余热，提高锅炉的热效率。
Claims (3)
1. 一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉，包括锅壳（2)、省煤器（7)和冷凝器（8)，所述锅壳（2 )外侧的前端分别设置有燃烧器（I)和前烟箱（6 )，燃烧器（I)位于前烟箱（6 )的下方，锅壳（2)内的下部设置有炉胆（3)，所述炉胆（3)的后端设置有回燃室（4)，回燃室（4) 与炉胆（3)的内腔相连通，锅壳（2)内的上部设置有对流管束（5)，对流管束（5)的管程与回燃室（4)和前烟箱（6)相连通，前烟箱（6)、省煤器（7)和冷凝器（8)通过烟道连通，其特征在于：所述冷凝器（8)采用空冷式冷凝器，所述燃烧器（I)采用分体式结构，出冷凝器（8) 的预热空气经空气通道接入燃烧器。
2.根据权利要求I所述的一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉，其特征在于：所述冷凝器（8)的换热管采用ND钢材料。
3.根据权利要求I或2所述的一种空冷型高效燃油或燃气冷凝式锅炉，其特征在于： 所述省煤器（7)采用螺旋翅片管省煤器。
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103398368A (zh) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | 前置膜式壁炉膛火管对流受热面大型卧式蒸汽锅炉 |
| CN104110670A (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-22 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | 尾部带气-水热管换热管的卧式火管锅炉 |
| CN104110669A (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-22 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | 大型卧式火管双炉胆单回燃室锅炉 |
| CN104121569A (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-29 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | 尾部带气-气热管换热管的卧式火管锅炉 |
| CN105318327A (zh) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-02-10 | 北京华通兴远供热节能技术有限公司 | 燃气锅炉 |
| CN106500318A (zh) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种冷凝器内置的水火管燃气蒸汽锅炉 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103398368A (zh) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | 前置膜式壁炉膛火管对流受热面大型卧式蒸汽锅炉 |
| CN105318327A (zh) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-02-10 | 北京华通兴远供热节能技术有限公司 | 燃气锅炉 |
| CN104110670A (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-22 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | 尾部带气-水热管换热管的卧式火管锅炉 |
| CN104110669A (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-22 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | 大型卧式火管双炉胆单回燃室锅炉 |
| CN104121569A (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-29 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | 尾部带气-气热管换热管的卧式火管锅炉 |
| CN104110669B (zh) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-03-30 | 江苏双良锅炉有限公司 | 大型卧式火管双炉胆单回燃室锅炉 |
| CN106500318A (zh) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种冷凝器内置的水火管燃气蒸汽锅炉 |
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