CN202730117U - Kitchen waste integration two-phase anaerobic fermentation device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种厨余垃圾一体化两相厌氧发酵装置,属于环境工程技术领域。本实用新型包括原料收集池、酸解塔、厌氧发酵罐;原料收集池、厌氧发酵罐通过管道分别与酸解塔连接。本实用新型能实现酸解液和沼液自动循环补加,酸解塔具备酸解和储液双重功能,厌氧发酵罐无需单独设置水压间,能耗低、成本低、效率高、环境友好。
The utility model relates to an integrated two-phase anaerobic fermentation device for kitchen waste, which belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering. The utility model comprises a raw material collection pool, an acidolysis tower and an anaerobic fermentation tank; the raw material collection pool and the anaerobic fermentation tank are respectively connected with the acidolysis tower through pipelines. The utility model can realize the automatic cycle replenishment of acidolysis solution and biogas slurry, the acidolysis tower has dual functions of acidolysis and solution storage, and the anaerobic fermentation tank does not need to be separately provided with a water pressure room, with low energy consumption, low cost, high efficiency and environmental protection friendly.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及厌氧发酵装置,特别是一种厨余垃圾一体化两相厌氧发酵装置,属于环境工程技术领域。 The utility model relates to an anaerobic fermentation device, in particular to an integrated two-phase anaerobic fermentation device for kitchen waste, which belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering.
背景技术 Background technique
厨余垃圾(泔脚)指饭店、宾馆等餐饮业以及企事业单位、学校等公共食堂的食物下料和食物残余。厨余的主要组成有果蔬、果皮、果核、肉食、骨头等,还有一定量的废餐具、牙签及餐纸。随着社会经济的发展,人民生活水平的提高,厨余的发生量越来越大。传统的处置手段已不能满足环境保护和人体健康卫生的需要。为了完全消除或使厨余垃圾对人体健康、市容环境的影响降至最低限度,必须积极开发各种厨余处理技术。由于厨余垃圾(泔脚)有机物含量高,目前最主要的资源化技术是生物转化法。生物处理又可分为好氧生物处理和厌氧生物处理两类。采用厌氧生物处理厨余垃圾时,由于厨余垃圾中的可生物降解有机物含量高,采用单相厌氧发酵工艺处理,容易出现酸化现象,产甲烷菌受到抑制。因此,通常采用两相厌氧发酵工艺,但该工艺所需的设备多,设备投资大,操作复杂,运行成本高。鉴于现有的两相厌氧处理厨余垃圾时,在工程应用上存在的种种不足,设计一种集酸解和厌氧发酵产沼气为一体的厨余垃圾处理装置,对实现厨余垃圾的无害化处理和资源化利用提供技术保障。 Kitchen waste (swill) refers to food cuttings and food residues from restaurants, hotels and other catering industries, as well as public canteens such as enterprises, institutions and schools. The main components of kitchen waste are fruits and vegetables, peels, cores, meat, bones, etc., as well as a certain amount of waste tableware, toothpicks and table paper. With the development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the amount of kitchen waste is increasing. Traditional disposal means can no longer meet the needs of environmental protection and human health and hygiene. In order to completely eliminate or minimize the impact of kitchen waste on human health and city environment, various kitchen waste treatment technologies must be actively developed. Due to the high content of organic matter in kitchen waste (swill), the most important recycling technology is biological transformation. Biological treatment can be divided into two types: aerobic biological treatment and anaerobic biological treatment. When anaerobic biological treatment of kitchen waste is used, due to the high content of biodegradable organic matter in kitchen waste, single-phase anaerobic fermentation process is used for treatment, which is prone to acidification and inhibits methanogenic bacteria. Therefore, a two-phase anaerobic fermentation process is usually used, but the process requires a lot of equipment, large investment in equipment, complicated operation, and high operating costs. In view of the deficiencies in the engineering application of the existing two-phase anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste, a kitchen waste treatment device integrating acidolysis and anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas is designed, which will help realize the recovery of kitchen waste Harmless treatment and resource utilization provide technical support.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的是提供一种厨余垃圾一体化两相厌氧发酵装置,实现酸解液和沼液自动循环加补。 The purpose of the utility model is to provide an integrated two-phase anaerobic fermentation device for kitchen waste, which realizes the automatic circulation and replenishment of acidolysis liquid and biogas liquid.
本实用新型按以下技术方案实现:一种厨余垃圾一体化两相厌氧发酵装置,包括原料收集池2、酸解塔5、厌氧发酵罐10;原料收集池2、厌氧发酵罐10通过管道分别与酸解塔5连接。
The utility model is realized according to the following technical scheme: an integrated two-phase anaerobic fermentation device for kitchen waste, comprising a raw material collection pool 2, an
所述原料收集池2为敞口式、底部呈圆锥状的圆柱体结构,内部设有搅拌器1,底部设有原料排放口、其通过管道与酸解塔5顶部连接,管道上设有二通阀Ⅰ3。所述酸解塔5为圆柱体结构,顶部设有原料进口和二通阀Ⅱ4,底部设有由二通阀控制的物料排放口13,内部设有一个或多个固定床6,固定床6用于放置酸解物料和菌种,其数量及大小根据实际需求确定,右下侧设有酸解液排放口、并通过管道与厌氧发酵罐10连接,管道上设有单向止回阀8,防止料液返回酸解塔5中,右上部设有沼液循环入口,厌氧发酵罐10循环利用的沼液从此口进入。所述厌氧发酵罐10为底部呈椭圆形的圆柱体结构、其顶部设有沼气排放口16,由二通阀Ⅲ9控制沼气的排放,底部设有残留物排放口14,由二通阀Ⅳ12控制残留物的排放,左下部设有酸解液入口,进行沼气发酵的酸解液从此口进入,右中部设有沼液循环出口15,通过管道与酸解塔5的沼液循环入口连接。所述原料收集池2通过管道与酸解塔5的左上方连接,厌氧发酵罐10通过管道与酸解塔5的右下侧连接。
The raw material collection pool 2 is an open-mouthed, conical cylindrical structure with a bottom, an agitator 1 is provided inside, and a raw material discharge port is provided at the bottom, which is connected to the top of the
工作原理:将收集的厨余垃圾中不易分解的牙签、餐具及骨头等去除,放入原料收集池2中,启动搅拌器1将物料打碎,同时加入占物料总体积30%的酸解菌种,混合均匀后,打开二通阀Ⅰ3将物料放入酸解塔5中的第一层固定床6中,第一层固定床6充满物料后,通过溢流口7自动流向第二层,一直至物料充满酸解塔5中的所有固定床6,加料结束;随着酸解塔5中厨余垃圾的酸解进行,得到的酸解液从酸解塔5右下部的管道进入预先启动且已正常产沼气的厌氧发酵罐10中,由于酸解液的产生量远远低于厌氧发酵料液11的总体积,因此,进入至厌氧发酵罐10中的酸解液不会引起料液酸化,可以正常产沼气;当酸解塔5中厨余垃圾的酸解反应和厌氧发酵罐10中的厌氧发酵产沼气都正常时,发酵产生的沼气储在厌氧发酵罐10中使得发酵罐中的压力大于酸解塔5中的压力,会将厌氧发酵罐10中的厌氧发酵料液11压出发酵罐,经右中部的沼液循环出口15返回至酸解塔5右上部的第一层固定床6中,随着沼气产量的增加,返回的沼液也增加,并从第一层固定床6的溢流口7逐层往下流动,最终到达酸解塔5的底部,并储存于酸解塔5中,在此过程中,由于单向止回阀8的作用,沼液不会从酸解塔5右下部的酸解液排放口返回。当使用沼气时,厌氧发酵罐10中压力会逐渐下降并小于酸解塔5中的压力,此时酸解塔5中的酸解液又通过管道从酸解液排放口排出。
Working principle: Remove toothpicks, tableware and bones from the collected kitchen waste that are not easy to decompose, put them into the raw material collection pool 2, start the mixer 1 to crush the materials, and add acidolytic bacteria accounting for 30% of the total volume of the materials at the same time After mixing evenly, open the two-way valve I3 to put the material into the first fixed
本实用新型具有以下有益效果: The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1、能实现酸解液和沼液自动循环补加; 1. It can realize the automatic circulation of acid hydrolysis solution and biogas slurry;
2、酸解塔具备酸解和储液双重功能,厌氧发酵罐无需单独设置水压间; 2. The acidolysis tower has dual functions of acidolysis and liquid storage, and the anaerobic fermentation tank does not need to be equipped with a separate water pressure room;
3、能耗低、成本低、效率高、环境友好。 3. Low energy consumption, low cost, high efficiency and environmental friendliness.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.
图中各标号为:1:搅拌器、2:原料收集池、3:二通阀Ⅰ、4:二通阀Ⅱ、5:酸解塔、6:固定床、7:溢流口、8:单向止回阀、9:二通阀Ⅲ、10:厌氧发酵罐、11:厌氧发酵料液、12:二通阀Ⅳ、13:物料排放口、14:残留物排放口、15:沼液循环出口、16:沼气排放口。 The labels in the figure are: 1: agitator, 2: raw material collection tank, 3: two-way valve Ⅰ, 4: two-way valve Ⅱ, 5: acidolysis tower, 6: fixed bed, 7: overflow port, 8: One-way check valve, 9: two-way valve III, 10: anaerobic fermentation tank, 11: anaerobic fermentation feed liquid, 12: two-way valve IV, 13: material discharge port, 14: residue discharge port, 15: Biogas slurry circulation outlet, 16: biogas discharge port.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例,对本实用新型作进一步说明,但本实用新型的内容并不限于所述范围。 Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the utility model will be further described, but the content of the utility model is not limited to said range.
实施例1:如图1所示,一种厨余垃圾一体化两相厌氧发酵装置,包括原料收集池2、酸解塔5、厌氧发酵罐10;原料收集池2、厌氧发酵罐10通过管道分别与酸解塔5连接。
Example 1: As shown in Figure 1, an integrated two-phase anaerobic fermentation device for kitchen waste, including a raw material collection pool 2, an
原料收集池2为敞口式、底部呈圆锥状的圆柱体结构,内部设有搅拌器1,底部设有物料排放口、其通过管道与酸解塔5顶部连接,管道上设有二通阀Ⅰ3。酸解塔5为圆柱体结构,顶部设有原料进口和二通阀Ⅱ4,底部设有物料排放口13,内部设有1个固定床6,右下侧设有酸解液排放口、并通过管道与厌氧发酵罐10连接,管道上设有单向止回阀8,右上部设有沼液循环入口。厌氧发酵罐10为底部呈椭圆形的圆柱体结构、其顶部设有沼气排放口16,底部设有残留物排放口14,左下部设有酸解液入口,右中部设有沼液循环出口15,通过管道与酸解塔5的沼液循环入口连接。原料收集池2通过管道与酸解塔5的左上方连接,厌氧发酵罐10通过管道与酸解塔5的右下侧连接。
The raw material collection pool 2 is an open-ended cylindrical structure with a conical bottom, with an agitator 1 inside and a material discharge port at the bottom, which is connected to the top of the
实施例2:如图1所示,一种厨余垃圾一体化两相厌氧发酵装置,包括原料收集池2、酸解塔5、厌氧发酵罐10;原料收集池2、厌氧发酵罐10通过管道分别与酸解塔5连接。
Example 2: As shown in Figure 1, an integrated two-phase anaerobic fermentation device for kitchen waste, including a raw material collection pool 2, an
原料收集池2为敞口式、底部呈圆锥状的圆柱体结构,内部设有搅拌器1,底部设有物料排放口、其通过管道与酸解塔5顶部连接,管道上设有二通阀Ⅰ3。酸解塔5为圆柱体结构,顶部设有原料进口和二通阀Ⅱ4,底部设有物料排放口13,内部设有5个固定床6,右下侧设有酸解液排放口、并通过管道与厌氧发酵罐10连接,管道上设有单向止回阀8,右上部设有沼液循环入口。厌氧发酵罐10为底部呈椭圆形的圆柱体结构、其顶部设有沼气排放口16,底部设有残留物排放口14,左下部设有酸解液入口,右中部设有沼液循环出口15,通过管道与酸解塔5的沼液循环入口连接。原料收集池2通过管道与酸解塔5的左上方连接,厌氧发酵罐10通过管道与酸解塔5的右下侧连接。
The raw material collection pool 2 is an open-ended cylindrical structure with a conical bottom, with an agitator 1 inside and a material discharge port at the bottom, which is connected to the top of the
实施例3:如图1所示,一种厨余垃圾一体化两相厌氧发酵装置,包括原料收集池2、酸解塔5、厌氧发酵罐10;原料收集池2、厌氧发酵罐10通过管道分别与酸解塔5连接。
Embodiment 3: As shown in Figure 1, an integrated two-phase anaerobic fermentation device for kitchen waste, including raw material collection pool 2,
原料收集池2为敞口式、底部呈圆锥状的圆柱体结构,内部设有搅拌器1,底部设有物料排放口、其通过管道与酸解塔5顶部连接,管道上设有二通阀Ⅰ3。酸解塔5为圆柱体结构,顶部设有原料进口和二通阀Ⅱ4,底部设有物料排放口13,内部设有8个固定床6,右下侧设有酸解液排放口、并通过管道与厌氧发酵罐10连接,管道上设有单向止回阀8,右上部设有沼液循环入口。厌氧发酵罐10为底部呈椭圆形的圆柱体结构、其顶部设有沼气排放口16,底部设有残留物排放口14,左下部设有酸解液入口,右中部设有沼液循环出口15,通过管道与酸解塔5的沼液循环入口连接。原料收集池2通过管道与酸解塔5的左上方连接,厌氧发酵罐10通过管道与酸解塔5的右下侧连接。
The raw material collection pool 2 is an open-ended cylindrical structure with a conical bottom, with an agitator 1 inside and a material discharge port at the bottom, which is connected to the top of the
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103589633A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Two-section anaerobic fermentation device and method for producing methane by performing anaerobic fermentation by device |
| CN104130942A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学宜兴环保研究院 | Agricultural organic waste anaerobic fermentation recovery biogas reaction apparatus and recovery method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103589633A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Two-section anaerobic fermentation device and method for producing methane by performing anaerobic fermentation by device |
| CN103589633B (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2015-08-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of two-part anaerobic ferment devices and utilize this device to carry out the methanogenic method of anaerobically fermenting |
| CN104130942A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学宜兴环保研究院 | Agricultural organic waste anaerobic fermentation recovery biogas reaction apparatus and recovery method thereof |
| CN104130942B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-03-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学宜兴环保研究院 | Agricultural organic waste anaerobically fermenting reclaims biogas reaction unit and recovery method |
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