CN202586469U - Storage battery charging circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model embodiment discloses a battery charging circuit, including a current regulating circuit for regulating the battery charging current; a status prompt circuit for sending a prompt signal to prompt a user when the battery is fully charged or the positive and negative poles are reversed, and the status prompt circuit is connected in parallel with the filter circuit. The battery charging circuit of the utility model uses a parallel capacitor group to accurately adjust the size of the charging current, which can meet the charging requirements of batteries of different capacities, improve the compatibility of the charging circuit, and at the same time can send a prompt signal to prompt the user when the battery is fully charged and the positive and negative poles are reversed, avoiding damage to the battery and increasing the service life.

Description

battery charging circuit

technical field

The utility model relates to a charging circuit, in particular to a safe constant current storage battery charging circuit.

Background technique

Storage battery is a kind of chemical power source widely used in the world at present. This product has good plasticity, stable voltage characteristics, long service life, wide application range, abundant raw materials and renewable use. It is mainly used in transportation, communication, electric power, railway Various sectors of the national economy, such as mines, ports, etc., are indispensable products in social production and management activities and have broad development prospects. The compatibility and safety of the charging circuit designed for large-capacity batteries on the market are poor. One charging circuit can only charge a specific type of battery. When the charging current of the battery changes, another matching charging circuit needs to be used. Poor compatibility. When the positive and negative poles of the battery are reversed or the power supply is not disconnected in time when the battery is fully charged, it will cause potential safety hazards and affect the service life of the battery.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a battery charging circuit that is compatible with batteries of different capacities and has good safety performance.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides a battery charging circuit, including a transformer circuit, a rectifier circuit and a filter circuit, characterized in that the battery charging circuit also includes:

A current regulation circuit for regulating the charging current of the battery;

A state prompt circuit for sending a prompt signal to remind the user when the battery is fully charged or the positive and negative poles are reversed, the state prompt circuit is connected in parallel with the filter circuit;

Wherein the current regulation circuit is connected between the transformer circuit and the rectification circuit, the current regulation circuit includes at least two sets of parallel switches and series branches of capacitors, and different capacitors in the current regulation circuit are selected by switches Get different capacitances to adjust the charging current of the battery.

Wherein, the voltage transforming circuit includes a transformer T1, the rectifying circuit includes a rectifying bridge BG1, and the filtering circuit includes a polar capacitor C5.

Wherein, the access pin a1 and the access pin a2 of the primary coil of the transformer T1 are connected across the mains input line, and the output pin b1 of the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the input of the current regulation circuit pin, the output pin b2 of the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the rectifier bridge BG1.

Wherein, the third pin 3 of the rectifier bridge BG1 is connected to the output pin b2 of the secondary coil of the transformer; the first pin 1 of the rectifier bridge is connected to the output pin of the current regulation circuit, and the The second pin 2 of the rectifier bridge BG1 is connected to the positive pole of the polarity capacitor C5 and one end of the state prompt circuit, and the fourth pin 4 of the rectifier bridge BG1 is connected to the negative pole of the polarity capacitor C5 and the The other end of the status indication circuit.

Wherein, a fuse F1 is also included, wherein the fuse F1 is connected between the mains input line and the access pin a1 of the transformer T1.

Wherein, the state prompt circuit includes a resistor R1, a buzzer U1, a light emitting diode D2 and a diode D1, wherein:

One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive pole of the polarity capacitor C5 and one end of the buzzer U1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the light emitting diode D2;

The cathode of the LED D2 is connected to the fourth pin 4 of the rectifier bridge BG1 and the anode of the diode D1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the other end of the buzzer U1.

Among them, ammeter P _A and voltmeter P _V are also included, where:

One end of the ammeter _PA is connected to the second pin 2 of the rectifier bridge BG1, and the other end of the ammeter is connected to one end of the resistor R1;

The voltmeter _PV is connected across two pins of the output end of the storage battery charging circuit.

Wherein, a sliding rheostat RP1 is also included, wherein the sliding rheostat RP1 is connected between the positive pole of the polarity capacitor C5 and one end of the resistor R1.

Implementation of the utility model embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

As a storage battery charging circuit, the utility model obtains different capacitance values through the combination of switches and capacitor groups, and can obtain different constant current outputs to meet the charging requirements of storage batteries with different capacities and improve the compatibility of the charging circuit. When the battery is fully charged and the positive and negative poles are reversed, the user is prompted to avoid damage to the battery and improve the service life of the battery.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a storage battery charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of a storage battery charging circuit in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. example. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic structural composition diagram of a storage battery charging circuit of the present invention. The storage battery charging circuit in this embodiment includes: a transformer circuit 1, a current regulation circuit 2, a rectifier circuit 3, a filter circuit 4 and a status prompt circuit 5, and the transformer circuit is used to convert the 220V AC voltage of the commercial power into a low voltage one. Alternating current, the current regulating circuit 2 adjusts the magnitude of the current of the alternating current transformed by the low voltage to match the charging requirements of batteries with different capacities, the rectifying circuit 3 transforms the alternating voltage into a direct current voltage, and the filter circuit 4 is used in the direct current transformed by the rectifying circuit 3 The ripples are filtered out to become a constant direct current. The state prompt circuit 5 is used to send a prompt signal to the user when the battery is fully charged or when the positive and negative poles are reversed, so as to avoid damage to the battery.

Specifically, please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a specific circuit diagram of a battery charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Transformer circuit 1 is used to convert 220V mains power into low-voltage alternating current. This embodiment preferably includes a transformer T1; rectifier circuit 3 preferably includes a rectifier bridge BG1; filter circuit 4 is used to filter out ripples in DC voltage signals, and this embodiment A polarity capacitor C5 is preferably included in the battery; the state prompt circuit 5 is used to send a prompt signal when the battery is fully charged or the positive and negative poles are reversed. This embodiment preferably includes a resistor R1, a buzzer U1, a light emitting diode D2 and a diode D1. One series branch formed by the resistor R1 and the light emitting diode D2, another series branch formed by the buzzer U1 and the diode D1, the above two series branches are connected in parallel and the light emitting diode The cathode of D2 is connected to the anode of the diode D1; the current regulating circuit 2 includes at least two sets of parallel switches and series branches of capacitors. In this embodiment, four sets of switches and capacitors are selected to be connected in parallel, specifically including switch S1 A branch is connected in series with capacitor C1, a branch is connected in series with switch S2 and capacitor C2, a branch is connected in series with switch S3 and capacitor C3, a branch is connected in series with switch S4 and capacitor C4, and then the above four branches are connected in parallel ; In order to protect the components in the battery charging circuit from damage in the case of overcurrent at the mains input end, a fuse F1 is connected between the mains input end and the transformer circuit; the circuit diagram of this embodiment also includes An ammeter _PA for displaying the charging current, a voltmeter _PV for displaying the charging voltage, and a sliding rheostat RP1 for adjusting the charging voltage.

Wherein, the primary coil access pin a1 of the transformer T1 is connected to one end of the fuse F1, the access pin a2 is connected to one end of the mains input line, and the other end of the fuse F1 is connected to the other end of the mains input line. The output pin b1 of the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the switch S2 in the current regulation circuit, the output pin b2 is connected to the third pin 3 of the rectifier bridge BG1, and the current regulation circuit in the The capacitor C2 is connected to the first pin 1 of the rectifier bridge BG1. The second pin 2 of the rectifier bridge BG1 is connected to one end of the ammeter _PA , and the fourth pin 4 is connected to the negative pole of the polarity capacitor C5 and the cathode of the light-emitting diode D2; the other end of the ammeter _PA One end is connected to the positive pole of the polarity capacitor C5 and one end of the sliding rheostat RP1, the middle end and the other end of the sliding rheostat RP1 are connected to one end of the resistor R1 and one end of the buzzer U1, the resistor The other end of R1 is connected to the anode of the light emitting diode D2; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the other end of the buzzer U1, and the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the light emitting diode D2 and the voltmeter P One terminal of _V ; the voltmeter _PV is connected between the output terminals of the charging circuit.

The working process of a battery charging circuit of the present utility model is as follows:

The 220V mains power is transformed into low-voltage alternating current through fuse F1 and transformer T1. When the input mains current is overloaded, fuse F1 is blown to protect the battery charging circuit. The low-voltage alternating current passes through the series branch of four sets of switches S1~S4 and capacitors C1~C4. Using the constant current effect of the capacitor, a constant charging current can be obtained at the output terminal through rectification by the rectifier bridge BG1 and filtering by the polar capacitor C5. The charging current is displayed by the ammeter P _A. By selecting the closed state of the four switches, 15 different parallel combinations of capacitors can be obtained, so that 15 levels of charging current can be obtained. The low-voltage AC voltage is added to the rectifier bridge BG1 for bridge rectification, and a half-wave DC voltage signal in the positive direction is output. At this time, the ripple of the DC voltage signal is very large, and the AC voltage component is eliminated after being filtered by a polar capacitor C5.

The state prompt circuit is used to prompt the two states of the battery is fully charged and the positive and negative poles are reversed. When the charging circuit is not connected to the battery or the battery terminal is not in good contact, the output terminal of the charging circuit will output the no-load voltage. At this time, the empty voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the sliding rheostat RP1. The size of the load voltage, the value of the no-load voltage is displayed by the voltmeter _PV , the light-emitting diode D2 is in the forward conduction state, and D2 is bright, and the resistance value of the resistor R1 is reasonably selected. When the charging circuit is empty, the two ends of the light-emitting diode D2 The withstand voltage is exactly the threshold voltage. When the charging circuit is connected to the battery and the battery is in the charging state but not fully charged, due to the internal resistance of the battery, the voltage across the light-emitting diode D2 is pulled down to be less than its own threshold voltage, and D2 goes out at this time. When the battery voltage reaches the no-load output voltage, that is, when the battery is fully charged, the voltage across the light-emitting diode D2 reaches the threshold voltage again, D2 lights up to give an alarm, and the user should disconnect the charging at this time. After the battery is charged and turned on, if the battery is not connected or the wiring is bad, the no-load voltage will be output between the two terminals, and the D2 light will light to alarm. When the charged battery is accidentally reversed, the battery supplies power to the buzzer U1 through the diode D1, and the buzzer U1 sounds to remind the user to reconnect the positive and negative poles of the battery, otherwise, the battery will be damaged due to reverse polarity charging .

The no-load output voltage of the charging circuit can be displayed on the voltmeter _PV by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor RP1, and the no-load output voltage value of the charger can be set according to the rated voltage of the battery being charged, and the charging current of the charging circuit can be It is displayed on the ammeter P _A. In this embodiment, the number of sets of switches and capacitors can be increased to achieve finer current regulation.

It can be seen from the description of the above embodiments that the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

As a storage battery charging circuit of the utility model, different capacitance values can be obtained through the combination of switches and capacitor groups, and different constant current outputs can be obtained to meet the charging requirements of storage batteries with different capacities and improve the compatibility of the charging circuit. At the same time, when the battery is fully charged and the positive and negative poles are reversed, the user is prompted to avoid damage to the battery and improve the safety of the charging circuit.

What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and of course it cannot limit the scope of rights of the utility model. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the utility model still fall within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a battery charging circuit comprises transforming circuit, and rectification circuit and filter circuit is characterized in that, said battery charging circuit also comprises:

Be used to regulate the current regulating circuit of charge in batteries electric current;

Be used for when storage battery is full of electricity or both positive and negative polarity reversal connection, sending cue prompting state of user cue circuit, said condition prompting circuit is parallelly connected with said filter circuit;

Wherein said current regulating circuit is connected between said transforming circuit and the rectification circuit; Said current regulating circuit comprises the switch of two groups of parallel connections and the series arm of electric capacity at least; Select electric capacity different in the said current regulating circuit to obtain different capacitances through switch, to regulate the charging current of storage battery.

2. battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said transforming circuit comprises transformer T1, and said rectification circuit comprises rectifier bridge BG1, and said filter circuit comprises polar capacitor C5.

3. battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; The access pin a1 of said transformer T1 primary coil and access pin a2 are connected across between the civil power incoming line; The output pin b1 of said transformer T1 secondary coil connects the input pin of said current regulating circuit, and the output pin b2 of said transformer T1 secondary coil meets said rectifier bridge BG1.

4. battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the 3rd pin 3 of said rectifier bridge BG1 meets the output pin b2 of said transformer secondary output coil; First pin 1 of said rectifier bridge links to each other with the output pin of said current regulating circuit; Second pin 2 of said rectifier bridge BG1 connects the positive pole of said polar capacitor C5 and an end of said condition prompting circuit, and the 4th pin 4 of said rectifier bridge BG1 connects the negative pole of said polar capacitor C5 and the other end of said condition prompting circuit.

5. circuit as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, also comprises fuse F1, and wherein said fuse F1 is connected between the access pin a1 of civil power incoming line and said transformer T1.

6. battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, said condition prompting circuit comprises resistance R 1, buzzer U1, light-emitting diode D2 and diode D1, wherein:

One end of said resistance R 1 connects the positive pole of said polar capacitor C5 and the end of said buzzer U1, and the other end of said resistance R 1 connects the anode of said light-emitting diode D2;

The negative electrode of said light-emitting diode D2 connects the 4th pin 4 of said rectifier bridge BG1 and the anode of said diode D1, and the negative electrode of said diode D1 connects the other end of said buzzer U1.

7. battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises ammeter P _AWith voltmeter P _V, wherein:

Said ammeter P _AAn end be connected with second pin 2 of said rectifier bridge BG1, the other end of said ammeter connects an end of said resistance R 1;

Said voltmeter P _VBe connected across between two pins of said battery charging circuit output.

8. battery charging circuit as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises slide rheostat RP1, and wherein said slide rheostat RP1 is connected between the end of anodal and said resistance R 1 of said polar capacitor C5.

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