CN202501472U - 一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器 - Google Patents
一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN202501472U CN202501472U CN2011205394853U CN201120539485U CN202501472U CN 202501472 U CN202501472 U CN 202501472U CN 2011205394853 U CN2011205394853 U CN 2011205394853U CN 201120539485 U CN201120539485 U CN 201120539485U CN 202501472 U CN202501472 U CN 202501472U
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- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 240000006028 Sambucus nigra Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000446 fuels Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011257 shell materials Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011449 bricks Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layers Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001081830 Degeneriaceae Species 0.000 abstract 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric oxide Chemical compound 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O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001874 nitric oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052813 nitrogen oxides Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substances Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reactions Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reactions Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrates Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001340 slower Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
本实用新型属于燃烧器应用技术领域，一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器主要包括燃烧器壳体（10）、调风蝶阀（4）、中心瓦斯枪（2）、二级瓦斯枪和矩形耐火砖（5）；中心瓦斯枪（2）的枪头为T型；二级瓦斯枪为两套，对称设置在矩形耐火砖（5）的两侧长边上并直接与炉膛连通，由多支二级燃料分级管（3）构成；矩形耐火砖（5）设置在燃烧器壳体（10）的上部，在矩形耐火砖（5）的中心具有矩形火道；在燃烧器壳体（10）的内壁上设置与其呈20°～60°夹角的扰流板（8）；在矩形耐火砖（5）的矩形火道内设置具有多孔的稳焰器（6）。本实用新型所提出的结构使燃烧火焰更稳定、燃烧温度更低，燃烧更充分，达到节能、环保、高效的效果。
Description
一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型属于燃烧器应用技术领域，主要涉及一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器。
背景技术
[0002] 工业管式炉燃烧器的深度开发及产业化关系到炼油化工、电力、冶金、环保等高能耗行业的绿色发展。高效低污染工业炉燃烧器为炼油化工、电力、冶金、环保等高能耗行业的良性发展提供了前提保证。氮氧化物是大气的主要污染物之一，全球工业每年排入大气的Nox总量达5000万吨，而且还在持续增长。因此研究降低及治理Nox排放是国际环保领 域的主要方向之一。
[0003] 国内设备技术相对落后，目前矩形炉膛工业管式炉所用的燃烧器普遍采用分级配风技术来降低燃烧烟气排放污染区的产生。分级配风技术对火焰区温度降低相对有限。无法有效的阻止热力学氮氧化物的生成；不能进一步降低烟气中污染物的排放量。为了达到日益严格的环保要求。
实用新型内容
[0004] 本实用新型的目的是提出一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器，使燃烧火焰更稳定、燃烧温度更低，燃烧更充分，达到节能、环保、高效的效果。
[0005] 本实用新型为完成其发明任务采用如下技术方案：
[0006] 一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器，主要包括燃烧器壳体、调风蝶阀、中心瓦斯枪、二级瓦斯枪和矩形耐火砖；所述的中心瓦斯枪、二级瓦斯枪分别独立设置，所述的中心瓦斯枪设置在燃烧器壳体的中心，且所述的中心瓦斯枪的枪头为T型；所述的二级瓦斯枪为两套，对称设置在矩形耐火砖的两侧长边上并直接与炉膛连通；所述的二级瓦斯枪由多支二级燃料分级管构成；所述的矩形耐火砖设置在燃烧器壳体的上部，在所述矩形耐火砖的中心具有与燃烧器壳体的内部空腔相连通的矩形火道；在所述燃烧器壳体的内壁上设置用以改变助燃空气原有流向使到达矩形火道的助燃空气均匀分布的扰流板，所述扰流板与燃烧器壳体的内壁呈20°〜60°的夹角；在矩形耐火砖的矩形火道内设置稳焰器，所述的稳焰器为一具有多个孔的板状结构；所述的调风蝶阀设置在燃烧器壳体侧面的进风口处，燃烧器壳体的内部空腔与进风口相连通构成可以调节空气流量的助燃空气通道。
[0007] 所述的矩形耐火砖设置在燃烧器壳体上部的托砖板上，在所述的托砖板的中心部位具有一矩形孔，且矩形孔的尺寸不小于矩形耐火砖矩形火道的尺寸。
[0008] 在所述托板砖矩形孔的两短边上设置用以固定稳焰器的凸起，所述稳焰器的下端支撑在托板砖矩形孔两短边的凸起上。
[0009] 所述矩形耐火砖为单层结构，在矩形耐火砖的两侧长边上具有用以放置二级燃料分级管的多个通道。
[0010] 本实用新型采用上述技术方案具有以下有益效果：[0011] 燃烧器采用三支独立瓦斯枪将瓦斯分为三部分进入燃烧器，一部分通过燃烧火道中心瓦斯枪喷入火道燃烧，另一部分通过布置在火道砖外侧的若干分支瓦斯枪喷入炉膛完成燃烧。瓦斯在两个相对独立的燃烧区内完成燃烧；中心瓦斯枪在过量空气中完成燃烧，大量的空气会降低火焰中心的温度，避免热力学NOx的大量生成。二级瓦斯枪将瓦斯直接喷入炉膛，瓦斯在炉内得到预热的同时与氧含量较低的烟气混合完成燃烧，在氧分压低的环境下火焰温度相应的得到降低，也利于降低NOx的生成。任一燃烧阶段的火焰温度不会接近传统分级配风燃烧器燃烧火焰的温度。充分利用瓦斯分级和烟气再循环等多种降低热力学NOx生成技术。从而使燃烧火焰温度更低，火焰更稳定，瓦斯燃烧更充分，达到节能、环保、闻效的效果。
[0012] 另外采用烟气再循环技术。本燃烧器的二级瓦斯枪喷射的瓦斯以音速离开瓦斯喷头，在燃烧器火道砖处形成较强的负压区，炉膛内烟气在此负压的作用下，快速填充负压区，将烟气再循环引入到燃烧气体中，惰性的烟气冷却火焰，降低氧分压，并减少NOx排放。
[0013] 还有瓦斯配入形式也构成浓淡燃烧技术，空气一次性从火道配入，在火道内与T 型头中心瓦斯枪喷头喷出的少量瓦斯混合燃烧，热量被大量空气带走，在喷出火道砖时，剩余瓦斯喷入未燃尽的烟气中耗尽其中的氧气，减低氧分压，减少多余氧气与N2的反应机会。降低NOx的形成。
[0014] 本燃烧器是采用全新的耐火砖结构，将传统燃烧器两层耐火砖改为一层耐火砖，结构更简单。
[0015] 本燃烧器壳体内部设置扰流板，使空气在通过火道时在稳焰器的两侧形成均匀气流。燃烧器火焰刚直稳定不添炉管。
[0016] 本燃烧器与传统分级配风燃烧器相比，本燃烧器火焰最高温度可降低150°C左右，NOx生成量可减少45%—60%o可达到30ppm, 本实用新型燃烧器通过独特瓦斯供给形式和特殊结构限制燃烧反应区的温度来限制NOx产物。是集节能、环保、高效为一体的新型燃烧器。
附图说明
[0017] 图I是本实用新型的结构示意图。
[0018] 图2为图I的侧视图。
[0019] 图3是本实用新型中耐火砖的结构示意图。
[0020] 图中：1、长明灯，2、中心瓦斯枪，3、二级瓦斯枪分支管，4、调风蝶阀，5、矩形耐火砖，6、稳焰器，7、托砖板，8、扰流板，9、助燃空气流道，10、燃烧器壳体，11、二级瓦斯入口，12、中心瓦斯入口，13、长明灯瓦斯入口。
具体实施方式
[0021] 结合附图和具体实施例对本实用新型加以说明：
[0022] 如图I、图2所示，一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器，主要包括燃烧器壳体10、调风蝶阀4、中心瓦斯枪2、二级瓦斯枪和矩形耐火砖5 ;所述的中心瓦斯枪2、二级瓦斯枪分别独立设置，所述的中心瓦斯枪2设置在燃烧器壳体10的中心，且所述的中心瓦斯枪19的枪头为T型；结合图3，所述矩形耐火砖5为单层结构，在矩形耐火砖5的两侧长边上具有用以放置二级燃料分级管6的多个通道；所述的二级瓦斯枪为两套，对称设置在矩形耐火砖5的两侧长边上并直接与炉膛连通；所述的二级瓦斯枪由多支二级燃料分级管3构成；所述的矩形耐火砖5设置在燃烧器壳体上部的托砖板7上位于炉膛的耐火衬里中，在所述矩形耐火砖9的中心具有与燃烧器壳体的内部空腔相连通的矩形火道；在所述的托砖板7的中心部位具有一矩形孔，且矩形孔的尺寸不小于矩形耐火砖矩形火道的尺寸；在所述燃烧器壳体10的内壁上设置用以改变助燃空气原有流向使到达矩形火道的助燃空气均匀分布的扰流板8，所述扰流板8与燃烧器壳体10的内壁呈20飞0°的夹角；在矩形耐火砖9的矩形火道内设置稳焰器6，所述的稳焰器6为一具有多个孔的板状结构；在所述托板砖矩形孔的两短边上设置用以固定稳焰器的凸起，所述稳焰器6依靠螺栓通过支撑固定在托砖架上，减少中心T型头瓦斯枪喷头部分的空气流速，避免脱火现象，达到稳定燃烧的目的；所述的调风蝶阀4设置在燃烧器壳体侧面的进风口处，燃烧器壳体10的内壁设有保温层或消音板，燃烧器壳体10的内部空腔与进风口相连通构成可以调节空气流量的助燃空气通道9，确保高温助燃空气通过燃烧器时，燃烧器外壁温度不超温同时起到同时起到降低噪音的目的；
[0023] 上述燃烧器在使用时，瓦斯被分为两部分分别进入燃烧器，一路由中心瓦斯入口 进入中心瓦斯枪2，通过中心瓦斯枪2的T型喷头以较大的喷射速度喷入矩形耐火砖5的矩形火道内；瓦斯射流与助燃空气流形成一定的穿插角度，与过量助燃空气在火道内充分接触混合、燃烧；由于助燃空气过量，大量热量被多余的空气吸收，火道内的燃烧温度较常规燃烧器低，抑制了热力学NOx生成；火道内稳焰器6为一多孔板，减缓大量助燃空气对中心瓦斯枪火焰稳定性的影响；稳焰器6在火道中的到预热，助燃空气通过稳焰器后温度得到提高，和瓦斯接触时使瓦斯更容易达到着火点。燃烧更稳定。另一路瓦斯由一个或多个二级瓦斯入口 11进入二级瓦斯分支管3，二级瓦斯分支管3布置在矩型耐火砖长边的两侧；二级瓦斯分支管上的喷头喷出的瓦斯与火道中喷出的助燃空气以一定角度混合，直接喷入炉膛，二级瓦斯分支管3有两个、三个、或多个分支管构成。通过分支管的数量及相邻分支管之间的间距来确定火焰宽度，使火焰形成扁平状，同时火焰面得到了拉大，避免了火焰集中，火焰中心区温度高的弊端，火焰温度进一步的到降低；由于二级瓦斯射流喷射速度接近临界状态，在矩型耐火砖火道外沿与二级瓦斯枪喷头处形成负压区，带动周围温度较低的烟气进入火焰区来参与燃烧，这样进一步降低的燃烧区温度，进一步降低了 NOx生成量。
Claims (4)
1. 一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器，主要包括燃烧器壳体（10)、调风蝶阀（4)、中心瓦斯枪（2)、二级瓦斯枪和矩形耐火砖（5);所述的中心瓦斯枪（2)、二级瓦斯枪分别独立设置，所述的中心瓦斯枪（2)设置在燃烧器壳体（10)的中心；其特征在于：所述中心瓦斯枪(2)的枪头为T型；所述的二级瓦斯枪为两套，对称设置在矩形耐火砖（5)的两侧长边上并直接与炉膛连通；所述的二级瓦斯枪由多支二级燃料分级管（3)构成；所述的矩形耐火砖（5)设置在燃烧器壳体（10)的上部，在所述矩形耐火砖（5)的中心具有与燃烧器壳体的内部空腔相连通的矩形火道；在所述燃烧器壳体（10)的内壁上设置用以改变助燃空气原有流向使到达矩形火道的助燃空气均匀分布的扰流板（8)，所述扰流板（8)与燃烧器壳体(10)的内壁呈20°〜60°的夹角；在矩形耐火砖（5)的矩形火道内设置稳焰器（6)，所述的稳焰器（6)为一具有多个孔的板状结构；所述的调风蝶阀（4)设置在燃烧器壳体（10)侧面的进风口处，燃烧器壳体（10)的内部空腔与进风口相连通构成可以调节空气流量的助燃空气通道（9)。
2.根据权利要求I所述的一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器，其特征在于：所述的矩形耐火砖（5)为单层结构，在矩形耐火砖的两侧长边上具有用以放置二级燃料分级管（3)的多个通道。
3.根据权利要求I所述的一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器，其特征在于：所述的矩形耐火砖（5 )设置在燃烧器壳体上部的托砖板（7 )上，在所述的托砖板（7 )的中心部位具有一矩形孔，且矩形孔的尺寸不小于矩形耐火砖矩形火道的尺寸。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种扁平火焰低NOx燃气燃烧器，其特征在于：在所述托板砖矩形孔的两短边上设置用以固定稳焰器的凸起，所述稳焰器（6)的下端支撑在托板砖矩形孔两短边的凸起上。
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| CN104896473A (zh) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-09 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | 双燃料扁平火焰气体燃烧器 |
| CN104949125A (zh) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-09-30 | 洛阳瑞昌石油化工设备有限公司 | 一种大调节比扁平焰燃烧器 |
| CN105190177A (zh) * | 2013-03-05 | 2015-12-23 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | 用于燃烧器的平焰喷嘴 |
| CN109579003A (zh) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种组合型内燃式低温低NOx天然气燃烧器及燃烧方法 |
| CN109579004A (zh) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种低温低NOx天然气燃烧系统及燃烧方法 |
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| CN105190177A (zh) * | 2013-03-05 | 2015-12-23 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | 用于燃烧器的平焰喷嘴 |
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| CN104896473A (zh) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-09 | 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 | 双燃料扁平火焰气体燃烧器 |
| CN104949125A (zh) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-09-30 | 洛阳瑞昌石油化工设备有限公司 | 一种大调节比扁平焰燃烧器 |
| CN109579003A (zh) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种组合型内燃式低温低NOx天然气燃烧器及燃烧方法 |
| CN109579004A (zh) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-04-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种低温低NOx天然气燃烧系统及燃烧方法 |
| CN109579004B (zh) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-06-23 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | 一种低温低NOx天然气燃烧系统及燃烧方法 |
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Address after: 471003 No. 8, Yan Guang road, high and new technology development zone, Luoyang, Henan Patentee after: Luoyang Ruichang Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd. Address before: 471003 No. 8, Yan Guang road, high and new technology development zone, Luoyang, Henan Patentee before: Luoyang Ruichang Petrochemical Equipment Co., Ltd. |
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| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |