CN202452723U - 冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器 - Google Patents

冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器 Download PDF

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CN202452723U
CN202452723U CN2012200478467U CN201220047846U CN202452723U CN 202452723 U CN202452723 U CN 202452723U CN 2012200478467 U CN2012200478467 U CN 2012200478467U CN 201220047846 U CN201220047846 U CN 201220047846U CN 202452723 U CN202452723 U CN 202452723U
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metallurgical slag
asbestos
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严军
乔建华
宋海宁
张吉云
张薇
焦磊
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Qinghai Wantong New Energy Technology Development Ltd By Share Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器,其特征是:该太阳能集热器由“凹”形镁水泥外框、在镁水泥外框纵向横截面依次布置有:底部是石棉板、在石棉板上布置有波浪形石棉瓦;并在波浪形石棉瓦表面喷涂有冶金废渣表面涂层,外表面层为钢化玻璃表面板,在石棉板与波浪形石棉瓦之间形成中空结构,并在镁水泥外框横向外侧边设有进出气口;内侧设有气体分布板组成。该太阳能集热器以空气作为加热介质,有效利用面积大,具有防火、防潮、防腐、耐热、耐寒、质轻等特点,而且制作生产简便,造价低,用途广,原料来源广泛,原料成本更低。既解决了冶金废渣的去处,又充分利用了资源,达到了节能减排和可持续发展的效果。

Description

冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器
技术领域
本实用新型涉及太阳能集热装置。
背景技术
随着能源紧缺和环境污染的日益严重,开发再生能源已是人类文明发展的迫切需要。无论从世界还是从中国来看,常规能源都是很有限的,中国的常规能源储量远远低于世界的平均水平,大约只有世界总储量的10%。
太阳每年提供给地球的免费辐射能量多达5.4×1024 J,相当于人类目前能源总消费量的上万倍。因此世界各国都在逐渐加大对太阳能利用方面的研究力度。我国是太阳能资源相当丰富的国家,绝大多数地区年平均日辐射量在4 kWh/m2.天 以上,西藏最高达7 kWh/m2.天。与同纬度的其它国家相比,和美国类似,比欧洲、日本优越得多。上述地区约占全国总面积的2/3以上,年太阳辐射总量高于5000 MJ/m2,年日照时数大于2000h,具有利用太阳能的良好条件。特别日辐射量高于4.5KWh/m2的地区,正是我国人口稀少、居住分散、交通不便的偏僻、边远的广大西北地区,经济发展较为落后。可充分利用当地丰富的太阳能资源,发展经济,提高人民生活水平。近年来我国在太阳能发电和太阳能热水器的研究和应用方面,也取得了较大的成就。从西藏高原的太阳能电站,到华北地区千家万户使用的太阳能热水器,都表明了人类社会将会越来越多地使用清洁能源。太阳能的优点是普遍、巨大、无害,缺点是分散、随机、间歇,所以对太阳能利用的研究更重要的是对太阳能收集器的研究,只有得到的新能源多于为制造和使用新能源装置所消耗的常规能源,这种新能源装置才能使新能源成为大规模替代能源。太阳能利用应该采用人类可能掌握的成本最低、寿命最长、效率尽可能高、结构合理的材料、方法和装置。
目前,国内可以批量生产的有金属平板太阳能集热器和真空玻璃管太阳能集热器。真空玻璃管太阳能集热系统依靠高真空度保持绝热,原理与暖瓶相同,一般暖瓶经数年使用其保温性能会明显下降一样,玻璃真空管的保温性能也会随时间逐渐衰减。玻璃真空管是一头封闭的盲管,通常盲管头朝下,我国自来水多为硬水,容易产生絮状沉淀逐步减少吸热面积,降低光热转换效率。平板热水器焊接管口多,焊接引起晶相变化,焊口容易腐蚀,减短使用寿命,金属平板太阳能集热器价格一般高于真空玻璃管太阳能集热器,折合每平方米采光面1000-3000元。以上计算尚不包括水箱至用水点的管道费用、15年中的维修费用、15年中抵御冰冻通电保温的费用等。由此可以看出目前这些太阳能收集器也是非常昂贵。
实用新型内容
本实用新型为了解决现有高原地区寒冷,以及国内现有的太阳能集热器成本高、寿命短、不耐冻、太阳能吸收率低等问题而提出了一款适合高原寒冷地区使用的一种新型冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热板。
本实用新型的技术方案是:冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器,其特征是:该太阳能集热器由“凹”形镁水泥外框、在镁水泥外框纵向横截面依次布置有:底部是石棉板、在石棉板上布置有波浪形石棉瓦;并在波浪形石棉瓦表面喷涂有冶金废渣表面涂层,外表面层为钢化玻璃表面板,在石棉板与波浪形石棉瓦之间形成中空结构,并在镁水泥外框横向外侧边设有进出气口;内侧设有气体分布板组成。
本实用新型的有益效果:冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热板,由普通石棉瓦、玻璃表面板和冶金废渣组成,其特点是石棉瓦单张面积大,有效利用面积大,还具有防火、防潮、防腐、耐热、耐寒、质轻等特点,而且制作生产简便,造价低,用途广;冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器表面涂层为黑色,几乎没有外观、白度、原料纯度方面的要求,只要批量原料基本稳定,从而使原料来源更为广泛,原料成本更低。同时结合青海省有色金属冶金支柱产业的发展,既解决了冶金废渣的去处,又充分利用了资源,达到了节能减排和可持续发展的效果。
一、冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热板主要部件的使用年限可与建筑同寿命。      二、由于采用石棉-废渣涂层基体作为阳光吸收层,其保持高阳光吸收比的时间可与建筑同寿命。       三、采用直通式结构,具有很小的循环阻力和很高的循环效率,并且无论其采光面有多大,采光面(房顶面)上可以没有汇集器、汇集管和连接管。       四、冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热板具有良好的抗拉强度,所以没有通常平板式太阳能集热器的金属外壳,简化了结构、降低了成本。       五、冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热系统具有低成本、长寿命、在很长的寿命期间始终能够保持稳定的较高的阳光吸收率和热效率。
附图说明
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细说明。
图1是冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器主视结构示意图;
图2是图1的B-B向剖视结构示意图;
图3是图1的A-A向剖视结构示意图。
具体实施方式              
参照附图1-3所示,其中:1太阳能集热板镁水泥外框; 2进出气口; 3气体分布板;4石棉瓦;5石棉瓦中空结构;6冶金废渣表面涂层;7石棉板;8气体分布板进气孔;9钢化玻璃表面板。
本实用新型的冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器,由“凹”形镁水泥外框1、在镁水泥外框1纵向横截面依次布置有:底部是石棉板7、在石棉板7上布置有波浪形石棉瓦4;并在波浪形石棉瓦4表面喷涂有冶金废渣表面涂层6,外表面层为钢化玻璃表面板9,在石棉板7与波浪形石棉瓦4之间形成中空结构5,并在镁水泥外框1横向外侧边设有进出气口2;内侧设有气体分布板3组成。
工作原理
一、冷空气通过进出气口2进入冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器,冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器通过冶金废渣表面涂层6收集太阳能,将太阳能转化为热能,然后把冷空气加热。冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器内有使气体均匀分布的气体分布板3,冷空气通过气体分布板均匀的进入石棉瓦中空结构5内,波浪形石棉瓦4表面喷涂有对太阳光吸收比较高的冶金废渣表面涂层6,表面涂层6吸收太阳光中的红外线后,将辐射能转化为热能,并传递给石棉瓦中空结构5中逐渐上升的冷空气,由于热空气比重比冷空气的比重小,集热器中空气便发生自然对流换热通过石棉瓦中空结构5逐渐上升并加热,热空气升至集热器顶端汇集并通过进出气口2进入下一级集热器内进一步加热,达到额定温度后汇集至室内储热罐中通过气液换热器将热量传递给蓄热介质(通常为水),蓄热介质配合储热罐中辅助加热装置实现恒温,为高寒地区医院、学校、办公楼等城市建筑物供热供暖洗浴,农牧区温室采暖、枸杞干燥、盐田老卤干燥等太阳能综合利用技术的提供清洁热源。
二、冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器主要利用以下原理: a.空气自然对流换热原理,即空气与温度不同的固体表面接触时,靠近表面的部分空气因受热与静止的主流空气之间形成温度差,由此温度差造成空气密度差,使得轻重不同的空气发生上下相对运动,形成自然对流换热。冷空气在集热器石棉瓦中空结构底端缓缓加热上升至顶端,形成自然对流换热循环。当正午时分太阳强度较高时,可在空气循环闭路系统中加一风机,实现快速强制循环。 b.集热板吸热原理:波浪形石棉瓦4表面喷涂有冶金废渣表面涂层6,此涂层对太阳能光中可见光及红外线具有很大的吸收率,可将辐射能转化为热能并迅速传递给空气。在镁水泥外框1上覆盖有一层钢化玻璃表面板9,钢化玻璃表面板与石棉瓦之间形成中空结构,钢化玻璃表面板9 防尘、防雨、防雹,降低冶金废渣表面涂层太阳光吸收衰减速率,提高太阳能的吸收率。

Claims (1)

1.一种冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器,其特征是:该太阳能集热器由“凹”形镁水泥外框(1)、在镁水泥外框(1)纵向横截面依次布置有:底部是石棉板(7)、在石棉板(7)上布置有波浪形石棉瓦(4);并在波浪形石棉瓦(4)表面喷涂有冶金废渣表面涂层(6),外表面层为钢化玻璃表面板(9),在石棉板(7)与波浪形石棉瓦(4)之间形成中空结构(5),并在镁水泥外框(1)横向外侧边设有进出气口(2);内侧设有气体分布板(3)组成。
CN2012200478467U 2012-02-15 2012-02-15 冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器 Expired - Fee Related CN202452723U (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102937342A (zh) * 2012-10-18 2013-02-20 乔建华 冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器
CN109579442A (zh) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-05 凌幸福 节能、均温、恒温硅粉球自动烘干装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102937342A (zh) * 2012-10-18 2013-02-20 乔建华 冶金废渣喷涂太阳能集热器
CN109579442A (zh) * 2019-01-30 2019-04-05 凌幸福 节能、均温、恒温硅粉球自动烘干装置

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