CN202346373U - 综合机械化固体物充填采煤垂直投料输送系统 - Google Patents
综合机械化固体物充填采煤垂直投料输送系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN202346373U CN202346373U CN2011205256105U CN201120525610U CN202346373U CN 202346373 U CN202346373 U CN 202346373U CN 2011205256105 U CN2011205256105 U CN 2011205256105U CN 201120525610 U CN201120525610 U CN 201120525610U CN 202346373 U CN202346373 U CN 202346373U
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了综合机械化固体物充填采煤垂直投料输送系统，涉及采煤装置。包括天轮、托盘、导向轮、钢丝绳、缓冲器、满仓报警装置、空气炮、控制装置，其中所述的托盘通过钢丝绳安装在天轮下部，投料仓的下部安装有导向轮，所述的缓冲器为锥形缓冲器，安装在储料仓的上部，所述的满仓报警装置是将两台物位计安装在缓冲器的底部，并利用通讯分线连接，通讯分线与控制装置连接，所述的空气炮安装在储料仓的底部。本实用新型可以控制物料的投放量，锥形缓冲器可有效降低填充料对储料仓的冲击力，满仓报警装置可检测储料仓是否满仓，从而将地面固体充填物料安全高效地输送到采空区，结构简单，易于推广。
Description
综合机械化固体物充填采煤垂直投料输送系统
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及采煤装置，具体涉及综合机械化固体物充填采煤垂直投料输送系统。
背景技术
[0002] 煤炭作为我国主要的支撑能源，随着我国国民经济的快速发展，位于煤炭下游的电力、钢铁、铁路等行业对煤炭的需求逐年加大，导致近年来煤炭开采速度加快，随着矿井开采年限的延长和采深的延伸，一批资源枯竭矿井逐步进入残采阶段，部分矿井已进入衰退期，有的甚至关井转产。煤矿的“衰老”现象已成为资源型企业的共性问题，对于有衰退倾向的矿井也引起了足够的重视，大多数矿区不得不面对用传统技术无法开采的“三下”（建筑物下、铁路下、水体下）压煤的问题。
[0003] 几十年来，为了解决“三下”压煤问题，各级地方政府和煤矿企业都做了大量的工作，科技人员也进行了多项技术开发和推广普及工作，使“三下”采煤技术的整体水平有了较大的提高，研究了包括迁村开采、条带开采、限厚开采、协调开采、离层带注浆充填开采、 膏体充填开采等多种“三下”开采技术，然而这些技术成本过高，且不能达到高效机械化开采，目前开采出来的建筑物下压煤大约3/4是靠搬迁实现的，但搬迁开采导致了大量采矿塌陷区，造成严重的生态与环境破坏，许多矿区密集建筑群下开采也不适合于搬迁。
[0004] 同时，露天矿在生产中排放大量的矿洛，传统的方式是直接堆放于地表，形成煤矿特有的地表露天矿排渣场。随着矿井开采，排渣场排渣的运输距离及运输环节也在不断增加，浪费大量人力物力的同时，还造成了环境污染等问题。
[0005]因此，研发一种将固体废弃物作为充填材料，对采空区进行充填的采煤方法，可实现“三下”压煤规模性开采，同时解决固体废弃物的排放处理问题。但是，如何将固体废弃物安全高效的输送到采空区，进行填充，是制约充填开采推广的制约因素。
发明内容
[0006] 本实用新型的目的是提供一种综合机械化固体物充填采煤垂直投料输送系统。
[0007] 本实用新型是通过以下技术方案实现的：
[0008] 综合机械化固体物充填采煤垂直投料输送系统，包括天轮、托盘、导向轮、钢丝绳、 缓冲器、满仓报警装置、空气炮、控制装置，其中所述的托盘通过钢丝绳安装在天轮下部，投料仓的下部安装有导向轮，所述的缓冲器为锥形缓冲器，安装在储料仓的上部，所述的满仓报警装置是将两台物位计安装在缓冲器的底部，并利用通讯分线连接，通讯分线与控制装置连接，所述的空气炮安装在储料仓的底部。
[0009] 本实用新型通过钢丝绳提升，将固体物料投放在托盘上，随着天轮旋转，旋转的天轮带动钢丝绳做循环运动，托盘上的物料随钢丝绳的下移，最终在经过下部导向轮时实现卸料，物料被卸载到井下储料仓内，然后通过井下胶带输送机，运输至工作面进行充填。
[0010]固体物料是从地面通过投料井直接投到井底的，较大的投料高度会导致充填材料到达井底时的冲击力很大，为了防止冲击力过大而造成设备的损坏等安全问题，必须在储料仓上部设置缓冲装置以减小充填材料的冲击力，根据落料程度和冲击力分析情况，设计缓冲器样式为“伞形”，即固体物料下落的直接接触面为锥形面，锥形面与固体物料发生对撞，并且由此改变了固体物料的运输方向，同时，对撞产生的动能被缓冲器逐级吸收，最终实现其缓冲作用。
[0011] 满仓报警装置是把物位计安设于缓冲装置底部，共布置2台，通过通讯分线联接， 通讯分线经集线盒汇入通信电缆，经副井通至地面投料控制室，料仓堆料达到一定高度后， 物位计报警信号通过通讯电缆传入地面控制室，自动停止投料。
[0012] 受储料仓内环境的影响，随着矿渣在储料仓内的积压，可能会出现矿渣胶结的现象，为了保证储料仓下部出料口的畅通，应从各个方面减少矿渣等固体物料对仓壁黏料，但即便如此，堵仓问题依然是有很大的可能发生，甚至会严重影响矿井生产，传统的解决堵仓问题的办法有：（I)减少料仓直径、提高料仓高度，使仓斗锥体仰角加大，这种做法使料仓的仓体高度加大，仓体稳定性变差，施工和维修难度大，人为提高了提升机高度，投资增大， 而且也不能彻底解决料仓粘料、堵塞等问题；（2)人工捅捣，压风喷吹，炸药爆炸，劳动强度大，操作不安全，运行成本高；（3)振打器，噪音大，对仓壁有损伤，清堵效果不好。本实用新型使用空气炮作为清仓装置，具有冲击力大、安全、节能、操作简单，对储料仓无损伤等优点，适用于各种钢制、混凝土以及其它材料制成的筒式料仓。空气炮的工作原理为：由储料仓下部的储气罐存储一定的高压空气，当储料仓发生堵仓现象时，储气罐内的高压气体从储气罐的喷嘴中突然喷出，产生强大的气流，直接冲入储存物料的阻塞滞留区域；压缩空气在料仓的阻塞滞留区域急剧膨胀，所产生的能量克服了物料的阻塞，使仓内物料恢复重力流动，从而保证物料输送和生产的连续性。
[0013] 本实用新型可以控制物料的投放量，锥形缓冲器可有效降低填充料对储料仓的冲击力，满仓报警装置可检测储料仓是否满仓，从而将地面固体充填物料安全高效地输送到采空区，结构简单，易于推广。
附图说明
[0014] 图I为本实用新型的结构示意图；
[0015] 图2为满仓报警装置的工作原理图；
[0016] 图中：1-天轮、2-托盘、3-导向轮、4-钢丝绳、5-缓冲器、6_满仓报警装置、7_空气炮、8-控制装置。
具体实施方式
[0017] 以下结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。
[0018] 如图I所示的综合机械化固体物充填采煤垂直投料输送系统，包括天轮I、托盘2、 导向轮3、钢丝绳4、缓冲器5、满仓报警装置6、空气炮7、控制装置8，其中所述的托盘2通过钢丝绳4安装在天轮I下部，投料仓的下部安装有导向轮3，所述的缓冲器5为锥形缓冲器，安装在储料仓的上部，所述的满仓报警装置6是将两台物位计安装在缓冲器的底部，并利用通讯分线连接，通讯分线与控制装置连接，所述的空气炮7安装在储料仓的底部。
[0019] 满仓报警装置的工作示意图如图2所示，2台物位计通过通讯分线联接，通讯分线
4经集线盒汇入通信电缆，经副井通至地面投料控制室，料仓堆料达到一定高度后，物位计报警信号通过通讯电缆传入地面控制室，自动停止投料。
Claims (1)
1. 一种综合机械化固体物充填采煤垂直投料输送系统，其特征是包括天轮（I)、托盘 (2)、导向轮（3)、钢丝绳（4)、缓冲器（5)、满仓报警装置（6)、空气炮（7)、控制装置（8)，其中所述的托盘（2)通过钢丝绳（4)安装在天轮（I)下部，投料仓的下部安装有导向轮（3)，所述的缓冲器（5)为锥形缓冲器，安装在储料仓的上部，所述的满仓报警装置（6)是将两台物位计安装在缓冲器的底部，并利用通讯分线连接，通讯分线与控制装置连接，所述的空气炮(7)安装在储料仓的底部。
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| CN102874578A (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-16 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | 高温物料输送系统的控制方法 |
| CN104405439A (zh) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-11 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种矿山投料缓冲器安装方法 |
| WO2015196933A1 (zh) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-12-30 | 张吉雄 | 一种固体充填采煤投料输送监控系统 |
| CN111119989A (zh) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-08 | 山东科技大学 | 适用于充填管细料投送的防堵装置及其组装方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102874578A (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-16 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | 高温物料输送系统的控制方法 |
| CN102874578B (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-12-17 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | 高温物料输送系统的控制方法 |
| WO2015196933A1 (zh) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-12-30 | 张吉雄 | 一种固体充填采煤投料输送监控系统 |
| US9988905B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2018-06-05 | China University Of Mining And Technology | Solid-filling coal mining feeding and conveying monitoring system |
| CN104405439A (zh) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-11 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种矿山投料缓冲器安装方法 |
| CN104405439B (zh) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-05-04 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种矿山投料缓冲器安装方法 |
| CN111119989A (zh) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-08 | 山东科技大学 | 适用于充填管细料投送的防堵装置及其组装方法 |
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