CN202232253U - Growing bottle cap for cultivation of mitake mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of reproductive bottle cap for Grifola frondosa cultivation, the reproductive bottle cap is made of opaque material, including a base and a funnel-shaped device arranged above the base, and the reproductive bottle cap is covered by the base Cultivation bottle mouth, the funnel-shaped device communicates with the base through the primordium growth hole, the funnel-shaped device includes a mushroom bud former and a connecting part connecting the mushroom bud former and the base, and the inner diameter of the base satisfies 56mm≤ D≤64mm, the height of the funnel-shaped device satisfies 5mm≤H1≤20mm, and the height of the connecting part satisfies 1.6mm≤H2≤3mm.

Description

Fertility bottle caps for Grifola frondosa cultivation

technical field

The utility model relates to a bottle-planted Grifola frondosa cultivation technology, more precisely, relates to a breeding bottle cap for the cultivation of Grifola frondosa.

Background technique

Grifola frondosa is a kind of edible and medicinal fungus, which belongs to Basidiomycotina, Phylobacteria, Septobasidiomycetes, Non-Pleatellales, Polyporaceae, Arboria fungus. Also known as Bayleaf polypore, chestnut mushroom, cloud mushroom and so on. The fruiting body consists of multiple branched stipe and overlapping spoon-shaped, fan-shaped or tongue-shaped caps, and the caps are 2-7 cm wide; the current domestic cultivars are mainly brown. Bacterial flesh white, 1-3 mm thick; tube pores elongated, orifice polygonal. The spores are colorless, oval to oval.

Grifola frondosa has not been reported to be produced in factories in China at present, but some seasonal cultivations have appeared in Qianxi, Hebei, and Qingyuan, Zhejiang. After the first flush mushrooms are produced, they are buried in the ground and then covered with soil to cultivate the second flush mushrooms. This kind of cultivation mode is relatively extensive and cannot be supplied year-round. The fruiting bodies of Grifola frondosa produced by covering with soil often contain a lot of sandy soil, which is extremely difficult to clean. Bring risks to the quality of Grifola frondosa.

Japan has been planting Grifola frondosa for more than 30 years, and has realized factory production, but most of them are cultivated in bags with 2.5 kg (wet material filling) plastic bags, and the basic process is stirring, bagging, and sterilization , Cultivation and germination, reproduction, harvesting and other steps. Due to the plastic bag cultivation mode, each bag can only be used once and cannot be reused; secondly, the bagging machine, bag inoculation machine, and handling machine associated with plastic bags are all mechanized because of the softness of plastic bags and other reasons. The difficulty of the method is multiplied, and the equipment is expensive, but the efficiency of the equipment is only 1/20 or lower of that of bottle cultivation. At the same time, plastic bags are often punctured by sharp objects during daily handling, causing potential pollution hazards. When the original base of plastic bag cultivation occurs, a large amount of manual "herringbone" cutting process is required at the air-permeable filter membrane to promote the growth of Grifola frondosa from the bag, which causes a lot of labor costs and affects the skills of workers. There is a large dependence. The average output of Grifola frondosa produced by 2.5 kg bag cultivation is 400-700 grams, while the packages that actually enter the market are 100 grams, 150 grams or 200 grams. The dismantling and weighing operations of Grifola frondosa brought inconvenience to the quality management of Grifola frondosa.

In recent years, some cultivators have developed bottle-type cultivation of Grifola frondosa using jar-shaped cultivation bottles. Generally, a small-diameter hole formed by the primordium of the fruiting body of Grifola frondosa is set in the center of the cover of the cultivation bottle. During the cultivation of mycelia, the primordium of the fruiting body grows in a raised shape from the small-diameter hole, and the cover of the cultivation bottle is made of light-transmitting material This kind of cultivation bottle cap has the following problems: (1) Since the cultivation bottle is placed open in the growth stage and is induced by light, primordia will continue to form during the growth stage, and the primordia formed at this stage are basically unable to Developing into effective fruiting bodies wastes the nutrition of the medium to a certain extent, which in turn affects the quality of a single plant of Grifola frondosa; (2) Because the cultivation bottle is placed open during the growth stage, the entire primordium is exposed to the air , This will cause the original base to start to disperse and grow again, and develop into an "invisible" state from the initial "visible", which often results in poor appearance equality of Grifola frondosa fruiting bodies when harvested later, and "flowers" of different sizes.

Utility model content

The technical problem solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects in the prior art, provide a kind of breeding bottle cap for the cultivation of Grifola frondosa, use the breeding bottle cap to cultivate Grifola frondosa, and to a certain extent avoid the growth of culture medium nutrition. stage waste, the appearance equivalence of Grifola frondosa has been greatly improved after maturity, and at the same time the leaf differentiation rate of Grifola frondosa has been greatly improved, effectively improving the quality of Grifola frondosa.

The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions: a breeding bottle cap for the cultivation of Grifola frondosa, the breeding bottle cap is made of opaque material, including a base and a funnel-shaped device arranged above the base, the The breeding bottle cap is capped on the mouth of the cultivation bottle through the base, and the funnel-shaped device communicates with the base through the primordia growth hole. The funnel-shaped device includes a mushroom bud former and a connection between the mushroom bud former and the base. The inner diameter of the base satisfies 56 mm ≤ D ≤ 64 mm, the height of the funnel-shaped device satisfies 5 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 20 mm, and the height of the connecting part satisfies 1.6 mm ≤ H2 ≤ 3 mm.

The funnel-shaped device is integrally formed with the base.

The funnel-shaped device is detachably connected to the base.

Compared with the prior art, by using the reproductive bottle cap of the utility model in the growth stage, the cultivation bottle hardly produces primordia in the growth stage, which improves the utilization rate of the culture medium nutrition, and through the structure of the growth bottle cap And size parameters are controlled, while improving the appearance consistency of Grifola frondosa after maturity, it also greatly improves the leaf differentiation rate of Grifola frondosa in the growth stage, thereby improving the quality of Grifola frondosa.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the birth bottle cap of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another angle of the reproductive bottle cap of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic view of the cultivation bottle cap used in the cultivation method using the growth bottle cap of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the main body of the culture bottle cap used in the cultivation method using the growth bottle cap of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Fig. 3, the utility model fertility bottle cap 2 is made of opaque material, comprises base 20 and is arranged on the funnel-shaped device 21 above base 20, and described funnel-shaped device 21 and The base 20 communicates with the established primordia growth hole 22, the funnel-shaped device 21 includes a mushroom bud former 210 and a connecting portion 211 connecting the mushroom bud former 210 and the base 20, the inner side wall 200 of the base 20 A number of clamping points 202 are provided on the side 201 to buckle the growth bottle cap 2 on the mouth of the cultivation bottle; the inner diameter of the base 20 is set to 54 mm≤D≤62 mm, and the height of the funnel-shaped device 21 It is set to be 5mm≤H1≤20mm, and the height of the connecting part 211 is set to be 1.6mm≤H2≤3mm. In this embodiment, the funnel-shaped device 21 and the base 20 are integrally formed. Of course, they can also be connected in a detachable manner. For example, existing technical means such as buckle or screw connection can be used. The means are disclosed in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

In the whole process of Grifola frondosa cultivation, there is also a culture bottle cap 1 used in conjunction with the fertility bottle cap 2 of the present invention, please refer to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the described culture bottle cap 1 includes a main body made of opaque material part 10, a filter body 11 and a cover sheet 12 made of a light-transmitting material, the main body part 10 is generally hollow cylindrical in shape, including a side wall 100 and a top wall 101, and the top wall 101 and the side wall 100 are integrally formed And the space enclosed by the side wall 100 is divided into two parts, an upper space 102 and a lower space 103, and the center of the top wall 101 bulges upward to form a transparent bulge 104 in the upper space 102 , the bulging body 104 is roughly in the shape of a hollow cylinder, the top of the bulging body 104 is designed to be air-permeable and light-transmitting (for example, designed as a through hole), and the bulging body 104 connects the upper and lower spaces 102, 103 , the side wall 1020 of the upper space 102 is provided with a number of air holes 1021, the air holes 1021 are arranged adjacent to the top wall 101, and the side wall 1040 of the bulging body 104 is provided with a number of air grooves 1041. The groove 1041 is disposed near the top 1042 of the side wall 1040 of the bulging body 104 . A filter housing space 105 is formed between the side wall 1040 of the bulge 104 and the side wall 1020 of the upper space 102; the part of the filter 11 corresponding to the bulge 104 is hollowed out to form a bulge housing space 110, the filter 11 is accommodated in the filter housing space 105; the cover sheet 12 is covered on the top of the upper space 102 and fastened with the upper end of the side wall 1020 of the upper space 102, and the A ventilation gap (not shown) is formed between the top end 1042 of the side wall 1040 of the swelling body 104 and the cover sheet 12 .

The inner diameter of the lower space 103 is slightly larger than the diameter of the mouth of the cultivation bottle (not shown), so that the culture bottle cap 1 is covered on the cultivation bottle through the lower space 103, and the inner surface 1031 of the side wall 1030 of the lower space 103 Several protrusions 1032 are arranged on the top to buckle the culture bottle cap 1 on the bottle mouth of the culture bottle; at the lower end of the side wall 1030 of the lower space 103, the side wall 1030 of the lower space extends outward horizontally to form a bracket outside The edge extension part 1033, the setting of the bracket outer edge extension part 1033 is based on the equipment attachment point of the automatic inoculation and scratching bacteria removal process in the cultivation process.

The process of using the utility model's reproductive bottle cap 2 and the aforementioned culture bottle cap 1 to carry out the factory cultivation of Grifola frondosa is as follows:

(1) Bottling, put culture material in the cultivation bottle, and cover the above culture bottle cap 1;

(2) Sterilize, move it into a sterilizer for high-pressure sterilization;

(3) Cooling, take it out to the cooling room for rapid cooling;

(4) Inoculation, the cooled cultivation bottle is inoculated by an automatic inoculation machine;

(5) Cultivate, move the inoculated cultivation bottle into the cultivation room for cultivation, control the parameters of temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration, and when the mycelium of Grifola frondosa mycelium has basically absorbed the culture material, irradiate it with scattered light until the primordium The confinement is formed in the bulge space 1043 formed by the bulge 104 of the culture cap 1 , moved out to the bacteria scratching room, and the culture bottle cap 1 is removed.

(6) Scratch bacteria, perform circular scratch bacteria around the primordium of the compost, and cover the fertility bottle cap 2; after the fertility bottle cap 2 is applied, the primordium that was originally limited in the bulging space is restricted The primordium of the fertility bottle cap grows in the hole 22.

(7) Bud-inducing, move the cultivation bottle after scratching bacteria into the bud-inducing room to continue to grow, and control the temperature, humidity, concentration of carbon dioxide, light intensity and time parameters to complete the bud-inducing.

(8) For breeding, move the cultivation bottle that has completed the budding into the growth room to continue to grow, and control the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity and time parameters to complete the growth; during the growth process, because the entire growth bottle cap is uniform It is made of opaque materials, so except for the primordia formed during the cultivation stage, other parts cannot be induced by light, and basically no new primordia will be produced, and the primordia formed intensively during the cultivation stage are developing into fruiting bodies The process is restricted by the funnel-shaped device, which greatly improves the consistency of the flower shape of Grifola frondosa.

(9) Harvesting, harvesting the grown Grifola frondosa.

The above-mentioned parameters such as temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration can adopt the values disclosed in the prior art, and these values have been disclosed in the prior art, and will not be repeated here. In the above-mentioned flow process of industrialized cultivation, the effect of cultivating bottle cap 1 before the cultivation step is the same as that of the cultivation cap used in the existing bottle planting Grifola frondosa cultivation process, so in the steps before the cultivation step Also can adopt the cultivation bottle cap that uses in the existing bottle planting Grifola frondosa cultivation process, the different effects that cultivation bottle cap 1 plays are mainly reflected in the cultivation stage of Grifola frondosa cultivation.

In order not to damage the primordia when capping and growing the bottle cap 2, the primordium growth hole 22 is set correspondingly to the bulge space 1043, and the inner diameter of the primordium growth hole 22 is set to be slightly greater than or equal to the The inner diameter of the bulging space 1043, "slightly greater than or equal to" here means that when the growth bottle cap 2 is applied to the cultivation bottle, the primordium growth hole 22 can be set on the primordium without damaging the primordium, for example, the The inner diameter of the primordia growth hole is set to be 1-2 mm wider than the inner diameter of the bulging space. Of course, in order to make it easier for the primordium to grow out of the hole 22 without damaging the primordium, the bulging body 104 can also be arranged in a hollow circular frustum shape with at least a partially open upper surface.

Grifola frondosa generally includes massive tissue parts and leaf parts. The leaf part not only tastes good, but also is clean and not easily polluted. Large fresh products are not easy to preserve. Therefore, improving the leaf differentiation rate of Grifola frondosa in the growth stage is also an important aspect to improve the quality of Grifola frondosa. When the parameters of the reproductive bottle cap 2 meet the following conditions: the inner diameter of the base 20 is 54mm≤D≤62mm, the height of the funnel-shaped device 21 is 5mm≤H1≤20mm, and the height of the connecting part 211 is 1.6mm≤H2≤3mm The leaf differentiation rate of the cultivated Grifola frondosa frondosa is more than 85% (weight percentage), which greatly improves the leaf differentiation rate.

The following table shows that the volume of the cultivation bottle is 800 milliliters, and the inner diameter of the bottle neck is 52 millimeters (56 millimeters of the inner diameter of the breeding bottle cap). , the leaf differentiation rate (weight percent) corresponding to the parameters of the fertility cap 2.

The above description is only an embodiment of the utility model, and it can be understood that, under the premise of not departing from the concept of the utility model, the simple modification and replacement of the utility model should be included in the technical concept of the utility model.

Claims (3)

1. a grifola frondosus cultivation is with the fertility bottle cap; It is characterized in that: said fertility bottle cap is processed by light-proof material; Comprise base portion and be arranged at the funnel type device of said base portion top, said fertility bottle cap adds through said base portion and is placed on the culture bottle mouth, and said funnel type device grows the hole with base portion through original hase and is communicated with; Said funnel type device comprises mushroom flower bud former and connects the connecting portion of mushroom flower bud former and base portion; The internal diameter of said base portion satisfies 54 millimeters≤D≤62 millimeters, and said funnel type height of devices satisfies 5 millimeters≤H1≤20 millimeters, and the height of said connecting portion satisfies 1.6 millimeters≤H2≤3 millimeters.

2. grifola frondosus cultivation as claimed in claim 1 is with the fertility bottle cap, and it is characterized in that: said funnel type device and said base portion are one-body molded.

3. grifola frondosus cultivation as claimed in claim 1 is with the fertility bottle cap, and it is characterized in that: said funnel type device and base portion link together removably.

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