CN202206155U - Nickel-hydrogen battery photovoltaic time-sharing charging-discharging control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a nickel-hydrogen battery photovoltaic time-sharing charging-discharging control system, which comprises a photovoltaic controller, wherein the photovoltaic controller is respectively connected with a photovoltaic array, a nickel-hydrogen battery pack I, a nickel-hydrogen battery pack II and a nickel-hydrogen battery pack III, one end of the photovoltaic array, one end of the nickel-hydrogen battery pack I, one end of the nickel-hydrogen battery pack II and one end of the nickel-hydrogen battery pack III are connected with one end of a load after being connected with one another in parallel, and the other end of the load is connected with the photovoltaic controller. The nickel-hydrogen battery photovoltaic time-sharing charging-discharging control system has a simple and compact structure and high energy utilization rate, is stable and reliable to work, and has a long service life and a wide application range.

Description

Ni-MH battery photovoltaic time-sharing charge and discharge control system

technical field

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic time-sharing charging and discharging control system, in particular to a photovoltaic time-sharing charging and discharging control system for a nickel-hydrogen battery.

Background technique

In today's increasingly tense energy environment, photovoltaic power generation using solar energy is one of the important ways to develop green energy. Due to the influence of day and night changes, rainy weather, etc., the output power and energy of photovoltaic systems fluctuate every moment, making it impossible for user loads to obtain continuous and stable power supply. The use of batteries in photovoltaic systems overcomes the above inherent natural problems.

The battery saves the excess power generated by the system when there is sufficient sunshine and wind for use at night or on rainy days with no wind, thus solving the problem of inconsistency between power generation and power consumption time. Moreover, the storage battery has the function of regulating power and energy. The working time and power of various electrical equipment have their own changing rules. It is impossible to make solar energy and wind energy cooperate with the electrical load naturally. The large energy storage capacity of the battery The space and good charging and discharging performance provide favorable conditions for the regulation of photovoltaic system power and energy. In addition, the battery can provide a large instantaneous current to the load. Since the load will generate surge current and inrush current during start-up and operation, the power generation of the photovoltaic array alone cannot meet the requirements. The low internal resistance and good dynamic characteristics of the battery can meet the requirements of the above-mentioned inductive loads on the power supply.

Photovoltaic charge and discharge controller is a device in the photovoltaic power generation system that matches the characteristics of the battery to control the charge and discharge of the battery. In order to maximize the service life of the battery, the photovoltaic charge and discharge controller should be able to effectively prevent the battery from overcharging and overdischarging.

The existing charge and discharge control methods include maximum power tracking, constant voltage method, etc. CN 200810058182.2 discloses a photovoltaic system intelligent complementary control charge and discharge method, which uses two batteries for intermittent pulse charging, so that the battery has a relatively sufficient The reaction time reduces the amount of gas evolution and improves the charging current acceptance rate of the storage battery. This method of controlling charge and discharge has the following disadvantages: 1. It is mainly suitable for lead-acid batteries and is not suitable for nickel-hydrogen batteries. Charging current, small current charging affects the life of the battery. If the small current charging is cut off, it will affect the conversion efficiency of solar energy; 2. Under high ambient temperature, high-frequency pulses are used, electronic components are easily damaged, and the service life is short .

In a photovoltaic system that only uses a single large-capacity battery, when the sunlight is weak, the current generated by the photovoltaic array is small, and there will be a small current effect, which cannot charge a single large-capacity battery, which will affect the service life of the battery. Moreover, the charging and discharging control device of the existing photovoltaic system is mostly composed of a charging circuit and a discharging circuit, which usually charges a battery in a full time period, and cannot realize accurate time-sharing control.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a Ni-MH battery photovoltaic time-sharing charging and discharging control system which has a long service life and can realize precise time-sharing control.

The technical scheme of the utility model is: it includes a photovoltaic controller, and the photovoltaic controller is respectively connected with the photovoltaic array, the nickel-hydrogen battery pack I, the nickel-hydrogen battery pack II and the nickel-hydrogen battery pack III, and the photovoltaic array, the nickel-hydrogen battery pack I, Ni-MH battery pack II and Ni-MH battery pack III are connected in parallel and connected to one end of the load, and the other end of the load is connected to the photovoltaic controller.

Further, the photovoltaic controller includes a signal control and conversion circuit, the signal control and conversion circuit is connected to the MCU monitoring circuit, the MCU monitoring circuit is bidirectionally connected to the voltage conversion circuit, and the MCU monitoring circuit is also connected to the switch control circuit and the man-machine interface, The time relay is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and the constant voltage power supply module, and the constant voltage power supply module is connected with the switch control circuit.

Further, the Ni-MH battery pack I, Ni-MH battery pack II and Ni-MH battery pack III are all connected to the time relay of the photovoltaic controller, so as to control the charge and discharge of each battery in time intervals.

Further, the photovoltaic array is sequentially connected to the voltage conversion circuit of the photovoltaic controller and the constant voltage power supply module through the photovoltaic charging circuit and the PWM charging circuit.

Further, the load is connected with the switch control circuit of the photovoltaic controller.

The load can be a constant power LED lamp or/and an adjustable power LED lamp.

The working conditions of the battery in the photovoltaic system are different from the working conditions of the battery in other occasions. The charging rate and discharging rate are very small, and the charging time is limited, that is, it can only be charged under sunlight, and it cannot be charged according to a fixed law. Charge it. Because the battery is used in this special environment, its life is shorter than expected, mainly due to overcharging and overdischarging.

The utility model uses three nickel-hydrogen battery packs to replace a large-capacity battery in the prior art, switches three sets of nickel-hydrogen batteries through a time relay, and performs charging and discharging control in time intervals, and the capacity of the nickel-hydrogen batteries is small, so that there is It is beneficial to solve the problem that the battery cannot be charged due to low current in the existing photovoltaic system, reduces the impact of low current charging and discharging on the battery life, and prolongs the battery life. For the long-term maintenance of Ni-MH batteries, using low-frequency pulse-high current charging method can keep the battery in better condition than using trickle charging method. In addition, when the working power of the load is adjustable, different load working conditions can be set according to different working conditions, so as to maximize the use of electric energy.

The utility model selects nickel-metal hydride batteries, which have good low-temperature discharge characteristics, low self-discharge rate, no toxic substances, and no environmental pollution. They are called green batteries and have a long service life, which can meet the needs of street lamps. application requirements; compared with the lead-acid batteries used in traditional street lamps, the volume is smaller, and the efficiency is less affected by the ambient temperature; and lead is a toxic substance, so nickel-hydrogen batteries are more environmentally friendly and have a wider range of applications.

The utility model has the advantages of simple and compact structure, high energy utilization rate and stable and reliable operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the photovoltaic controller of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a real-time rendering of the charging current of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a real-time effect diagram of the discharge current of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 . ``

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.

Referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment includes a photovoltaic controller 4, and the photovoltaic controller 4 is respectively connected with the photovoltaic array 5, the nickel-hydrogen battery pack I1, the nickel-hydrogen battery pack II2 and the nickel-hydrogen battery pack III3, and the photovoltaic array 5, the nickel-hydrogen battery pack Ⅰ1, Ni-MH battery pack II2 and Ni-MH battery pack III3 are connected in parallel and then connected to one end of the load 6 , and the other end of the load 6 is connected to the photovoltaic controller 4 .

With reference to Fig. 2, described photovoltaic controller 4 comprises signal control and conversion circuit 4-1, and signal control and conversion circuit 4-1 is connected with MCU monitoring circuit 4-2, and MCU monitoring circuit 4-2 and voltage conversion circuit 4- 3 Two-way connection, the MCU monitoring circuit 4-2 is also connected with the switch control circuit 4-7, the man-machine interface 4-6, the time relay 4-5 is connected with the voltage conversion circuit 4-3, and the constant voltage power supply module 4-4 , the constant voltage power supply module 4-4 is connected with the switch control circuit 4-7.

The nickel-metal hydride battery pack I1, nickel-hydrogen battery pack II2 and nickel-hydrogen battery pack III3 are all connected to the time relay 4-5 of the photovoltaic controller 4, so as to control the charge and discharge of each battery in time intervals.

The photovoltaic array 5 is connected to the voltage conversion circuit 4-3 of the photovoltaic controller 4 and the constant voltage power supply module 4-4 through the photovoltaic charging circuit 7-1 and the PWM charging circuit 7-2 in sequence.

The load 6 is connected with the switch control circuit 4-7 of the photovoltaic controller 4 .

The load 6 is composed of a constant power LED lamp 6-1 and a power adjustable LED lamp 6-2.

Working principle: Photovoltaic array 5 charges three sets of Ni-MH batteries in 4-5 minutes through the time relay. Under the action of photovoltaic controller 4, the three sets of Ni-MH batteries switch to charge one set of batteries at regular intervals. In this embodiment The time interval is 10 minutes, and the real-time effect of the charging current is shown in Figure 3; when the three sets of Ni-MH batteries supply power to the outside, under the action of the photovoltaic controller 4, switch a set of batteries to discharge at intervals, in this embodiment The time interval is 10 minutes, and the real-time effect of the discharge current is shown in Figure 4.

Claims (5)

1. Ni-MH battery photovoltaic time-sharing charge and discharge control system, including a photovoltaic controller, characterized in that the photovoltaic controller is connected to the photovoltaic array, Ni-MH battery pack I, Ni-MH battery pack II and Ni-MH battery pack III, and the photovoltaic controller One end of the array, Ni-MH battery pack I, Ni-MH battery pack II and Ni-MH battery pack III is connected in parallel to one end of the load, and the other end of the load is connected to the photovoltaic controller. 2. The Ni-MH battery photovoltaic time-sharing charge and discharge control system according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic controller includes a signal control and conversion circuit, the signal control and conversion circuit is connected with the MCU monitoring circuit, and the MCU monitors The circuit is bidirectionally connected with the voltage conversion circuit, the MCU monitoring circuit is also connected with the switch control circuit and the man-machine interface, the time relay is connected with the voltage conversion circuit and the constant voltage power supply module, and the constant voltage power supply module is connected with the switch control circuit. 3. The Ni-MH battery photovoltaic time-sharing charge and discharge control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the Ni-MH battery pack I, Ni-MH battery pack II and Ni-MH battery pack III are all connected to the time of the photovoltaic controller The relay is connected. 4. The Ni-MH battery photovoltaic time-sharing charge and discharge control system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the photovoltaic array sequentially passes through the photovoltaic charging circuit and the PWM charging circuit and the voltage conversion circuit of the photovoltaic controller, the constant voltage connected to the power module. 5. The Ni-MH battery photovoltaic time-sharing charge and discharge control system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the load is connected to the switch control circuit of the photovoltaic controller.

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