CN202089043U - Battery quick-exchanging system for electric bus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery quick change system for an electric bus, which comprises a charging shelf, a transfer platform is arranged in the middle of the bottom layer of the charging shelf, a stacker connected with the charging shelf is arranged outside the transfer station, and a Cooperating with the quick-change robot, the charging rack, transfer platform, stacker and quick-change robot are all connected to the console through lines. The system can meet the rapid replacement of electric bus power batteries, rationally use land resources, reduce the space occupied by the power battery quick replacement system, seal the power battery storage area, and improve the service life of the power battery.

Description

Electric bus battery quick change system

technical field

The utility model relates to a battery replacement system, in particular to a battery quick replacement system for an electric bus.

Background technique

With the shortage of oil resources and the development of battery technology, electric vehicles are close to or even superior to traditional fuel vehicles in terms of performance and economy, and have begun to be gradually promoted and applied worldwide. Domestically, in 2005, Beijing Electric Bus Co., Ltd. started the research and development of the public power exchange system, and realized a large-scale pilot operation of electric bus exchange. While the promotion and operation of electric vehicles, the energy storage and supply system of electric vehicles has become the technical key to the development of the electric vehicle industry.

Existing charging systems for electric vehicles, such as patent 200820078476.7 "a positioning device for on-board battery replacement system" and patent 200410090796.0 "an electric bus system", etc., although the power vehicle with vehicle-mounted power battery as the power source is disclosed . However, the described device application also has corresponding problems. For example, the process of battery replacement requires multiple positioning, and it takes a long time to replace the power battery; the scalability of the battery replacement equipment is poor, and the battery boxes of different vehicles cannot use the same battery replacement equipment; the height of the relevant battery replacement equipment is limited, and cannot Meet the needs of large-scale centralized battery swapping stations; during the battery swapping process, the battery must be rotated 180° to increase the working space of the battery swapping system; the charging shelf cannot be closed, which reduces the service life of the battery, etc.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a battery quick-change system for electric buses, which can meet the needs of fast battery replacement for electric buses, rationally utilize land resources, and reduce the occupation of the power battery quick-change system. The storage area of the power battery is sealed to improve the service life of the power battery.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A battery quick change system for an electric bus, which includes a charging shelf, a transfer platform is provided in the middle of the bottom layer of the charging shelf, a stacker connected to the charging shelf is provided on the outside of the transfer platform, and a quick changer matched with the transfer platform is provided on the inside The robot, the charging rack, the transfer platform, the stacker and the quick-change robot are all connected to the console through lines.

The charging shelf includes a frame that is divided into several charging positions, and each charging position is provided with a guide rail I and a charging device, and an unlocking mechanism I is provided on the frame corresponding to each charging position. , The outside of the frame is equipped with a dust shield.

The unlocking mechanism I includes: a deceleration sensor and a positioning sensor II installed above the track slider in the power battery. The deceleration sensor is used to detect that the power battery enters the charging position, and then feeds back the position signal to the stacker. The positioning sensor II is used to detect the precise position of the power battery entering the charging space. The positioning sensor I, which is used to receive the position signal, is installed on the front end of the guide rail support seat. The guide rail support seat is installed on both sides of the charging space. At the same time, the locking column is installed on both sides of the charging bay through the locking drive rail.

The transfer station includes a number of transfer station cargo spaces arranged on charging shelves, each of the transfer platform cargo locations is provided with a guide track II with rollers, and a frame corresponding to each transfer platform cargo location is provided with There is an unlock mechanism II.

The unlocking mechanism II includes: a deceleration sensor and a positioning sensor II installed above the track slider in the power battery, which are used to position the front end of the guide rail support seat installed on the frame corresponding to the positioning sensor II to receive the position signal Sensor 1, the guide rail support seat is installed on both sides of the cargo space of the transfer platform, and at the same time, the locking column is installed on both sides of the cargo space of the transfer platform through the locking drive guide rail.

The stacker includes a load-bearing unit, which is arranged on the upper part of the horizontal movement unit, and the load-bearing unit is provided with a loading platform.

The load-bearing unit includes a portal structure consisting of an upper beam, a lower beam and two columns. The upper beam is provided with two sets of guide wheels, and a sky rail installed on the charging shelf is sandwiched between the two sets of guide wheels. Sliding contact grooves and horizontal addressing sheets are installed on the sky rail; several motor-driven capstans are arranged on the two columns, and steel wire ropes are wound on the winches, and the lower ends of the steel ropes are connected to the loading platform; the upright columns There is a vertical address card on it.

The horizontal moving unit includes rollers and follower rollers arranged at the lower part of the lower beam of the load-bearing unit and connected to the motor reducer, the rollers and follower rollers are located on the ground rail, and the end of the ground rail is provided with a limit bump; Both sides of the roller and the follower roller have rims.

The lower part of the stage is provided with multiple groups of guide wheels, and the stage is provided with a battery drive mechanism, and the battery drive mechanism is provided with a battery pusher I, and the battery pusher I includes an electromagnetic top block installed on the top of the battery pusher , the pusher block used to cooperate with the thrust base in the power battery is installed on both sides of the battery pusher through electromagnetic leads, wherein the electromagnetic leads are also connected to the electromagnetic control base installed in the middle of the battery pusher.

The quick-change robot includes a horizontal rotation mechanism fixed on the support beam, a pitch drive and a battery push mechanism, the battery push mechanism is arranged on the top of the horizontal rotation mechanism, the battery push mechanism includes a battery pusher II, and the battery pusher II There is a guide track III on it, and ultrasonic sensors and pressure sensors are arranged on both sides of the supporting beam from inside to outside.

The battery pusher II includes an electromagnetic top block installed on the top of the battery pusher, and a pusher stopper for cooperating with the thrust base in the power battery, which is installed on both sides of the battery pusher through electromagnetic leads, wherein the electromagnetic leads are simultaneously It is connected with the electromagnetic control base installed in the middle of the battery pusher.

Components, mechanisms and units not explained in detail in the utility model are all prior art, and will not be repeated here.

The utility model uses a stacker to exchange the power battery between the charging shelf and the transfer station; uses a quick-change robot to exchange the power battery between the transfer station and the electric bus workshop, so that it can quickly replace the power battery. The utility model is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the charged electric bus, and is suitable for simultaneous replacement of power batteries on both sides of the electric bus.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: using the transfer platform as an intermediate platform for charging shelves and electric bus battery exchanges can effectively seal the power battery storage area and improve the service life of the power battery. The use of people reduces the space occupancy rate of the working area and effectively improves the utilization rate of land resources. The quick-change robot pair can adjust the posture of the power bus, automatically identify and replace the battery of the electric bus quickly, accurately and safely, and realize the fast replacement of the power battery of different types of electric buses.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of stacker of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the quick-change robot of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the relay station of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the charging shelf of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the unlocking mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the battery push handle of the present invention;

1. Stacker, 2. Charging shelf, 3. Transfer platform, 4. Quick-change robot, 5. Console, 101. Upper beam, 102. Sky rail, 103. Column, 104. Lower beam, 105. Ground rail, 106, limit bumper, 107, horizontal moving unit, 108, stage, 109, battery drive mechanism, 110, battery pusher I, 201, battery inner box, 202, pressure sensor, 203, battery pusher II . Unlock mechanism II, 303, guide rail II, 304, transfer platform cargo space, 401, dust shield, 402, unlock mechanism I, 403, guide rail I, 404, charging cargo space, 502, guide rail support seat, 503, Positioning sensor I, 504, positioning sensor II, 506, power battery, 507, deceleration sensor, 508, track slider, 509, pressure spring, 510, spring base, 511, thrust block, 512, thrust base, 513 , locking column, 514, locking driving guide rail, 515 locking component shield, 601, electromagnetic jacking block, 602, push hand block, 603, electromagnetic lead, 604, electromagnetic control base.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

As shown in Figure 1-5, an electric bus battery quick change system includes a charging shelf 2, a transfer platform 3 is provided in the middle of the bottom layer of the charging shelf 2, and a stacker connected to the charging shelf 2 is provided on the outside of the transfer platform 3 The machine 1 is provided with a quick-change robot 4 matched with the transfer platform 3 inside, and the charging shelf 2, the transfer platform 3, the stacker 1 and the quick-change robot 4 are all connected to the console 5 through lines.

The charging rack 2 includes a frame that is evenly arranged in a matrix and divided into several charging positions 404. Each charging position 404 is provided with a guide rail I403 and a charging device, and the charging positions 404 can be each An independent power battery provides electric energy supplementation; an unlocking mechanism I402 is provided on the frame corresponding to each charging position 404, and a dustproof shield 401 is provided outside the frame to isolate external dust.

The unlocking mechanism I includes: a deceleration sensor 507 and a positioning sensor II504 installed above the track slider 508 in the power battery 506, and the deceleration sensor 507 is used to detect that the power battery 506 enters the charging position 404, and sends the position signal Feedback to the stacker 1, the positioning sensor II504 is used to detect the precise position of the power battery 506 entering the charging position 404, and the positioning sensor I503 used to receive the position signal is installed on the front end of the guide rail support seat 502. The guide rail The support base 502 is installed on both sides of the charging space 404, and at the same time, the locking column 513 is installed on both sides of the charging space 404 through the locking driving guide rail 514, and the locking driving guide rail 514 is provided with a locking assembly shield 515 outside. The battery pusher I110 or the battery pusher II203 is in contact with the thrust block 511 in the power battery 506, so that the battery pusher I110 or the battery pusher II203 is closely matched with the thrust base 512 through the action of the pressure spring 509, preferably, the battery pusher I110 or the battery pusher II203 Push the power battery 506 along the guide track I403 to push the power battery 506 into a designated position. And through the deceleration sensor 507 and the positioning sensor II504, the position is fed back as a signal. A spring base 510 is provided on the upper part of the thrust base 512 and the pressure spring 509 .

The transfer platform 3 includes a number of transfer platform cargo positions 304 arranged on the charging shelf support frame 301, and each of the transfer platform cargo positions 304 is provided with a guide track II303 with rollers to guide the movement of the power battery 506. , to ensure that the position of the power battery 506 on the transfer platform 3 is fixed, so that the battery will not slip out accidentally. A guide rail II303 is provided on the frame corresponding to each transfer platform cargo space 304 .

The stacker 1 includes a load-bearing unit, which is arranged on the upper part of the horizontal movement unit 107, and a loading platform 108 is arranged on the load-bearing unit.

The load-bearing unit includes a portal structure consisting of an upper beam 101, a lower beam 104, and two columns 103. The upper beam 101 is provided with two sets of guide wheels, and between the two sets of guide wheels is a charging shelf 2 The upper sky rail 103 prevents the stacker 1 from overturning. The sky rail 103 is equipped with trolley line grooves for equipment power taking and horizontal addressing sheets for horizontal station addressing; several motor-driven winches are installed on the two columns 103, and the winches are wound with The steel wire rope, the lower end of the steel wire rope is connected to the loading platform 108; the column 103 is provided with a longitudinal address sheet for addressing in the vertical direction. The calibration of the charging station is realized through the calibration of the address chip. The purpose is to ensure that the stacker 1 can accurately align each charging position 404 .

Described horizontal movement unit 107 comprises the roller that is arranged on the lower beam 104 bottom of bearing unit and links to each other with motor speed reducer and follow-up roller, and described roller and follow-up roller all are positioned on ground rail 105, and ground rail 105 ends are provided with limiter. Bit collision block 106; Both sides of described roller and follower roller all have rim, and rim can hug ground rail 105 and prevent from coming out, and roller moves on ground rail 105, and follower roller runs along the straight line of ground rail.

The lower part of the stage 108 is provided with multiple sets of guide wheels, and the stage 108 is provided with a battery drive mechanism 109, and the battery drive mechanism 109 is provided with a battery pusher I110, and the battery pusher I110 includes a battery mounted on the top of the battery pusher. The electromagnetic top block 601 is used to cooperate with the pusher block 602 in the thrust base 512 of the power battery 506, and is installed on both sides of the battery pusher through the electromagnetic lead 603, wherein the electromagnetic lead 603 is simultaneously installed on the battery pusher The electromagnetic control base 604 in the middle is connected. The object carrier 108 is aligned with the charging position 404 on the charging shelf 2 through horizontal and vertical movement.

The battery driving mechanism 109 drives the battery pusher I110 and the power battery on it to stretch out (close to the charging stand)/retract (away from the charging stand). Simultaneously, when the battery drive mechanism 109 on the stacker 1 retracts, the stacker 1 is allowed to carry out horizontal walking and vertical movement of the loading platform 108, and its purpose is to prevent collisions due to misoperation.

The battery pusher I110 is installed on the battery drive mechanism 109, which includes a guide rail, an electromagnet, an unlocking mechanism, a battery push mechanism, etc., and supports the battery with the guide rail, and at the same time, uses the electromagnet to absorb, and uses the battery push mechanism to push the power battery Push it into the charging bay 404 or the transfer station 3, unlock the mechanism and perform locking and unlocking operations on the lock on the battery box.

The quick-change robot includes a horizontal rotation mechanism 210 and a battery push mechanism 207. The battery push mechanism 207 is arranged on the top of the horizontal rotation mechanism 210. The battery push mechanism 207 includes a battery pusher II203, and the battery pusher II203 is provided with a guide Track III204, in which the pressure sensors 202 are arranged on both sides of the support beam 211, and the ultrasonic sensors 205 are arranged inside the pressure sensor 202. 210. The battery pushing mechanism 207 is driven by the battery pushing mechanism driving 208 . The battery pusher II203 corresponds to the battery inner box 201 . The battery pusher II203 includes an electromagnetic top block 601 installed on the top of the battery pusher, and a pusher stopper 602 for cooperating with the thrust base 512 in the power battery 506, which is installed on both sides of the battery pusher through an electromagnetic guide 603, wherein the The electromagnetic lead 603 is connected with the electromagnetic control base 604 installed in the middle of the battery pusher at the same time. The structure of the battery pusher I110 and the battery pusher II203 in the utility model is exactly the same, as shown in FIG. 7 .

On the loading platform 108 of the relative stacker 1, a two-axis rotating mechanism is installed to realize attitude adjustment when the electric bus is fetched and delivered. Adjustment of the direction of travel deviation (horizontal angle) when the bus enters the station to change batteries; automatic adaptation of the angle between the battery in the car and the ground (pitch angle).

The arrangement of the mechanism from bottom to top is a horizontal rotation mechanism adapted to the horizontal angle; a battery push mechanism that expands and retracts to the two directions of the electric bus and the transfer platform; and the pitch angle used to adjust the angle with the battery box in the car Adjusting mechanism; the battery pusher that pushes the power battery into the bus. The battery pusher is similar in structure to the battery pusher on the stacker, and it is characterized in that two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors (to measure the horizontal angle) are added; two pressure sensors cooperate with the reflector attached to the battery outer box in the bus Measure the pitch angle, and can realize the follow-up function following the change of the vehicle body height during the process of picking up and delivering the battery in the car.

The console of the utility model comprises a touch screen, a wireless control rocker and a control module. It is used to control the stacker 1 and the quick-change robot 4, and perform automatic operation, semi-automatic operation or manual operation on the stacker 1 and the quick-change robot 4. The automatic operation operation means that after the operator starts the device, the battery replacement is automatically completed without intervention; the semi-automatic operation operation means that when the alarm pauses during the automatic operation process, manual intervention will then enter the automatic operation state; manual operation means that the device is completely relied on manually. operation to complete the battery replacement.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the use of the present utility model is described in detail:

The bus stops at the station, and the operator opens the doors of all the battery compartments of the charging shelf 2, and starts the equipment for battery replacement.

According to the utility model, the quick-change robot 4 takes out the power battery from the bus and puts it into the transfer station 1#, and at the same time pushes the charged power battery into the transfer station 2# by the stacker, further, by Quick-change robot 4 takes out the power battery from transfer platform 2# and puts it into the bus. The stacker 1 takes out the power battery in the transfer station 1# and puts it into the charging rack for charging, and further, puts the removed and charged power battery into the 1# transfer station again. Further, the stacker 1 can utilize the transfer station 3# and the transfer station 4# to store fully charged batteries during the interval between bus stops.

As shown in Figure 3, the quick-change robot 4 takes and places the power battery. Rely on 2 pressure sensors 202 and 2 reflectors corresponding to the 1# battery outer box in the car for positioning. Furthermore, the pitch angle correction is automatically performed, and the battery pushing mechanism 207 is extended at the same time, and the 2 ultrasonic distance measuring sensors 205 Work, automatic horizontal angle correction. After the battery pushing mechanism 207 is stretched out in place, the battery pusher 203 will attract the electromagnet to the armature at the corresponding position on the outer box of the power battery. 203 on the guide track 204. At the same time, during the process, the guide track 204 of the quick-change robot 4 carrying the power battery is driven by the horizontal rotation drive 209 and the pitch drive 206, and the corresponding vertical movement is carried out to adapt to the height change of the bus body, ensuring that the quick-change robot 4 is always on the bus body. The reflector on the quasi-battery outer box 201 realizes the follow-up function. The battery pushing mechanism 207 is retracted to the original position, and the process of removing the battery is completed. Otherwise, complete the process of sending batteries to the bus.

The quick-change robot 4 picks and places the battery on the transfer platform 3. Specifically, the quick-change robot 1 moves horizontally and vertically to align with the charging position 1# in the transfer platform 3 (the guide rail 303 on the transfer platform 3 and the fast Replace the guide rail 204 where the battery pusher 203 on the robot 4 is aligned), extend the battery pushing mechanism 207, and at the same time, drive the power battery to be sent into the transfer station 3, and the unlocking mechanism 302 will act to lock the power battery on the transfer station 3 . The battery pushing handle 203 is disengaged from the battery, and the battery pushing mechanism 207 is retracted after the guide track 204 descends to a certain height. Complete the battery discharge process. The process of taking out the power battery from another transfer station is reversed.

As shown in Figure 2, the stacker 1 exchanges batteries between the transfer platform 3 and the charging shelf.

The stacker 1 picks up the power battery from the transfer table 2, including: the stacker 1 is aligned with the power battery put in by the quick-change robot 4 on the transfer table 3, the battery push mechanism 109 is stretched out, and the battery pusher I110 is attracted by the electromagnet. Hold the battery, and at the same time, the unlocking mechanism 302 operates to release the power battery lock, and the power battery is pulled out, and at the same time, the battery pushing mechanism 109 is retracted. Finish taking the battery from the repeater 3. According to the utility model, put the battery into the repeater otherwise.

The process of picking and placing batteries on the charging shelf 2 includes: the stacker 1 finds the corresponding charging location 404 according to the calibrated address location, and extends the battery pushing mechanism 109. At the same time, the battery pusher I110 pushes the power battery into the charging shelf in the shelf 2. Position 404, the unlocking mechanism 402 locks the battery, the electromagnet disengages, and at the same time retracts the battery pushing mechanism 109 to complete the process of discharging the battery. According to the utility model, the battery process is reversed.

The charging shelf in the battery quick-change system of electric buses cooperates with the stacker 1 to exchange the power battery, and has its dustproof cover 401, which is used to protect the power battery from dust and other sundries during the charging process and prolong the use of the power battery life. The specific operation implementation process is that after the stacker 1 finds the corresponding charging location 404 according to the marked address location, it will automatically open according to the received command line number.

Claims (10)

1. An electric bus battery quick-change system, characterized in that: it includes a charging shelf, the middle part of the bottom of the charging shelf is provided with a transfer station, the outside of the transfer station is provided with a stacker connected to the charging shelf, and the inside is provided with a transfer station. The fast-changing robot matched with the station, the charging shelf, the transfer platform, the stacker and the quick-changing robot are all connected to the console through lines. 2. The electric bus battery quick change system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the charging shelf includes a frame that is divided into several charging positions, and guide rails 1 are arranged in each of the charging positions. And charging device, all be provided with an unlocking mechanism I on the framework corresponding to each charging goods position, the outside of framework is provided with dustproof cover. 3. The electric bus battery quick-change system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the unlocking mechanism I includes: a deceleration sensor and a positioning sensor II installed above the track slider in the power battery, and the positioning sensor II II is relatively applied to the positioning sensor I installed on the front end of the guide rail support seat on the frame to receive the position signal. The guide rail support seat is installed on both sides of the charging cargo space. Both sides of the cargo bay. 4. The electric bus battery quick change system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transfer station includes several transfer station positions arranged on charging shelves, and each transfer station position is equipped with Guide track II with rollers, and an unlocking mechanism II on the frame corresponding to each transfer platform cargo space. 5. The electric bus battery quick-change system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the unlocking mechanism II includes: a deceleration sensor and a positioning sensor II installed above the track slider in the power battery, and the positioning sensor II II is relatively applied to the positioning sensor I installed on the front end of the guide rail support seat on the frame to receive the position signal. The guide rail support seat is installed on both sides of the cargo space of the transfer platform. On both sides of the cargo space of the transfer platform. 6. The electric bus battery quick change system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stacker includes a load-bearing unit, the load-bearing unit is arranged on the upper part of the horizontal moving unit, and the load-bearing unit is provided with a loading platform. 7. The electric bus battery quick change system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the load-bearing unit comprises a portal structure consisting of an upper beam, a lower beam and two uprights, and the upper beam is provided with two A set of guide wheels, between the two sets of guide wheels is a sky rail installed on the charging shelf, and the sky rail is equipped with a sliding contact line groove and a horizontal identification sheet; the two columns are provided with a number of motor-driven A winch, a wire rope is wound on the winch, and the lower end of the wire rope is connected to the loading platform; a longitudinal address identification sheet is arranged on the column. 8. The electric bus battery quick-change system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the horizontal moving unit includes a roller and a follower roller arranged at the lower part of the lower beam of the load-bearing unit and connected with the motor reducer, the Both the roller and the follower roller are located on the ground rail, and the end of the ground rail is provided with a limit impact block; both sides of the roller and the follower roller have rims. 9. The electric bus battery quick change system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the lower part of the loading platform is provided with multiple groups of guide wheels, the loading platform is provided with a battery drive mechanism, and the battery drive mechanism is A battery pusher 1 is provided, and the battery pusher 1 includes an electromagnetic control base, and both sides of the upper part of the electromagnetic control base are provided with pusher blocks through electromagnetic leads, and the top of the electromagnetic control base is provided with an electromagnetic top block. 10. The electric bus battery quick-change system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the quick-change robot includes a horizontal rotation mechanism fixed on the support beam, a pitch drive and a battery push mechanism, and the battery push mechanism is arranged on The upper part of the horizontal rotation mechanism, the battery pushing mechanism includes a battery pusher II, the battery pusher II is provided with a guide track III, and the two sides of the support beam are sequentially provided with ultrasonic sensors and pressure sensors from inside to outside; the battery pusher II includes the electromagnetic top block installed on the top of the battery pusher, the pusher stopper used to cooperate with the thrust base in the power battery, and is installed on both sides of the battery pusher through the electromagnetic lead, wherein the electromagnetic lead is simultaneously installed on the battery The electromagnetic control base in the middle of the push handle is connected.

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