CN202083799U - A car anti-collision alarm device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of control of automobiles, in particular to an anti-collision alarm device for an automobile, which comprises a detecting unit, a central processing unit and an alarm unit. The detecting unit consists of an ultrasonic transmitting circuit and an ultrasonic receiving circuit, an output end of the ultrasonic receiving circuit is connected with an ultrasonic signal input end of the central processing unit, an ultrasonic pulse signal output end of the central processing unit is connected with an input end of the ultrasonic transmitting circuit, the ultrasonic transmitting circuit is wirelessly connected with the ultrasonic receiving circuit, and an alarm signal output end of the central processing unit is connected with a signal input end of the alarm unit. The anti-collision alarm device for the automobile can measure the distance from the automobile to an obstacle and transmits the measured distance from the automobile to the obstacle to the central unit. If the distance is smaller than a set safety value, a control system can give an alarm to remind a driver of taking braking measures under emergency, and the safety of the automobiles and persons can be guaranteed.

Description

A car anti-collision alarm device

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of automobile control, in particular to an automobile anti-collision alarm device.

Background technique

As a means of transportation and transportation, automobiles have become an indispensable tool in today's social life. However, as the number of cars increases year by year, roads, streets and parking lots are crowded, and there is less and less space for turning; and there are more and more new drivers and non-professional drivers, and disputes caused by collisions during driving are increasing. more.

Collision is the main manifestation of traffic accidents, most of which are vehicle-to-vehicle collisions and vehicle-to-person collisions. However, if the driver has an extra warning time of 0.5 seconds, about 60% of rear-end collision accidents can be avoided, while early A 1-second warning will avoid 90% of rear-end collisions. Therefore, the development of vehicles with alarm function has become the current trend.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a car anti-collision alarm device with an alarm function. The car anti-collision alarm device can prompt the distance between the car and the obstacle when the driver is reversing or entering the garage, so as to ensure the safety of the vehicle and personnel. Safety.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An automobile anti-collision alarm device, comprising a detection unit, a central processing unit and an alarm unit, the signal output end of the detection unit is connected to the signal input end of the central processing unit, and the alarm signal output end of the central processing unit is connected to the signal input of the alarm unit The detection unit includes an ultrasonic transmitting circuit and an ultrasonic receiving circuit, the output end of the ultrasonic receiving circuit is connected to the ultrasonic signal input end of the central processing unit, and the ultrasonic pulse signal output end of the central processing unit is connected to the input end of the ultrasonic transmitting circuit, The ultrasonic transmitting circuit is wirelessly connected with the ultrasonic receiving circuit.

The automobile anti-collision warning device further includes a display unit, and the display signal output end of the central processing unit is connected to the signal input end of the display unit.

The alarm unit adopts sound and light alarm circuit.

The ultrasonic pulse transmission circuit includes a first inverter, a second inverter, a third inverter, a fourth inverter and a fifth inverter, and the input terminals of the first inverter are respectively connected to the central The ultrasonic signal output terminal of the processor, the input terminal of the fourth inverter and the input terminal of the fifth inverter, the output terminal of the first inverter are respectively connected to the input terminal of the second inverter and the third inverter The input end of the second inverter, the output end of the second inverter is connected to the first power supply after the first resistor is connected in series, and the output end of the third inverter is connected to the first input end of the ultrasonic transmitter; the fourth inverter The output end of the ultrasonic transmitter and the output end of the fifth inverter are respectively connected to the second input end of the ultrasonic transmitter; the second input end of the ultrasonic transmitter is connected in series with a second resistor and then connected to a power supply.

The ultrasonic receiving circuit includes an ultrasonic receiving integrated chip and an ultrasonic sensor, the signal output end of the ultrasonic sensor is connected to the ultrasonic signal input end of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip, and the ultrasonic signal output end of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip is connected to the ultrasonic signal input of the central processing unit end.

The ultrasonic receiving circuit also includes a sensitive adjustment circuit.

Adopting the above technical scheme can achieve the following technical effects:

Since the utility model is equipped with ultrasonic sensors on the body and the rear of the vehicle, the distance between the vehicle and the obstacle is obtained through ultrasonic ranging, and the measured distance between the vehicle and the obstacle is transmitted to the control system. If the distance is less than When the safety value is set, the control system can send out an alarm to remind the driver, and take braking measures in an emergency to ensure the safety of the vehicle and the person.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the ultrasonic pulse transmitting circuit of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic receiving circuit of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is the working flowchart of the utility model system.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1: the system of the present utility model comprises single-chip microcomputer, display module, sound and light alarm module, ultrasonic transmitting circuit and ultrasonic receiving circuit, the output end of described ultrasonic receiving circuit connects the ultrasonic signal input end of single-chip microcomputer, the ultrasonic pulse of single-chip microcomputer The signal output end is connected to the input end of the ultrasonic transmitting circuit; the display signal output end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the signal input end of the display module, and the alarm signal output end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the signal input end of the sound and light alarm module, and the single-chip microcomputer is also connected to a latch , The latches are connected to the data memory and the program memory respectively.

As shown in Figure 2: the ultrasonic transmitting circuit includes a first inverter U1, a second inverter U2, a third inverter U3, a fourth inverter U4, a fifth inverter U5 and an ultrasonic transmitter T, the first inverter U1, the second inverter U2, the third inverter U3, the fourth inverter U4, and the fifth inverter U5 all use 74LS04. The input terminal of the first inverter U1 is respectively connected to the signal output pin P1.0 of the single chip microcomputer, the input terminal of the fourth inverter U4 and the input terminal of the fifth inverter U5, and the input terminal of the first inverter U1 The output terminals are respectively connected to the input terminal of the second inverter U2 and the input terminal of the third inverter U3, the output terminal of the second inverter U2 is connected to the power supply VCC through the first resistor R1, and the output terminal of the third inverter U3 The terminal is connected to the first input end of the ultrasonic transmitter T; the output end of the fourth inverter U4 is connected to the second input end of the ultrasonic transmitter T; the output end of the fifth inverter U5 is connected to the ultrasonic transmitter T The second output terminal is connected to the power supply VCC through the second resistor R2 at the same time.

As shown in Figure 3: the ultrasonic receiving circuit includes an ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A (using chip CX20106A), an ultrasonic sensor U1B (using a chip R40-16), and the first pin of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A is connected to the ultrasonic sensor U1B At the same time, the second pin of the ultrasonic sensor U1B is grounded through the first capacitor C1, and the first pin of the ultrasonic sensor U1B is grounded. The second pin of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A is connected to the series circuit of the potentiometer R3 and the second capacitor C2 in series and grounded, wherein the positive pole of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to one end of the potentiometer R3 and the sliding contact of the potentiometer R3. head, the negative pole is grounded; the third pin of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A is connected in series with the third capacitor C3 to be grounded, the positive pole of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the third pin of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A, and the negative pole is grounded; the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip The fourth pin of U1A is grounded; the fifth pin of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A is connected to the potentiometer R4 in series, and the sliding contact of the potentiometer R4 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the other end is suspended; the sixth pin of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A A fourth capacitor C4 is connected in series with the fourth pin, the seventh pin of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A is connected to the signal input pin P3. The eighth pin of U1A is connected to the power supply VCC.

，计算并显示方向盘转向角 u，驾驶者根据此提示操纵方向盘继续倒车，之后返回进入新一轮信息采样。 When the utility model is in use, two ultrasonic transmitters are respectively installed on both sides of the vehicle body, and an ultrasonic transmitter is installed at the rear of the vehicle simultaneously. As shown in Figure 4: when the utility model is working, it is first sampled by five ultrasonic sensors, that is, the distance between the vehicle and the obstacle is measured; then the minimum distance value is selected from the five distances measured, and displayed The measured minimum distance; next, judge whether the measured minimum value is greater than 0.6 meters, if the measured minimum value is greater than 0.6 meters, directly start processing the sampling information, and obtain the steering wheel's distance through fuzzy reasoning according to the processed sampling information steering angle

, calculate and display the steering wheel steering angle u, the driver manipulates the steering wheel to continue reversing according to this prompt, and then returns to enter a new round of information sampling.

If the measured minimum distance is less than 0.6 meters, go to the next step to judge whether the measured minimum distance is greater than 0.35 meters, if the measured minimum distance is greater than 0.35 meters, it will alert the driver through voice and light In a dangerous situation, the driver should be reminded that braking measures should be taken; if the measured minimum distance is less than 0.35 meters, the driver will be reminded by voice that it is now in a very dangerous situation and parking measures should be taken.

In the utility model, when the vehicle encounters an obstacle, the P1.0 pin of the single-chip microcomputer sends two pulse ultrasonic signals, the ultrasonic signal is a square wave with a frequency of about 40KHz, and the square wave is directly transmitted to the ultrasonic transmitting circuit, and the square wave The signal is transmitted to the first input terminal of the ultrasonic transmitter T through the first inverter U1 and the third inverter U3; at the same time, the square wave signal is transmitted to the first input terminal of the ultrasonic transmitter T through the fourth inverter U4 Two input terminals, because the signals received by the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the ultrasonic transmitter T are just opposite, so the ultrasonic transmitter T will emit ultrasonic waves.

The ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic transmitter T encounters obstacles and is reflected back, and is received by the ultrasonic sensor U1B in the ultrasonic receiving circuit, and the ultrasonic sensor U1B transmits the received ultrasonic signal to the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A. In the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip, the second pin of the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A is used to adjust the sensitivity of the received signal, the second capacitor C2 and the potentiometer R3 determine the total gain connected to the ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A, when the resistance of the potentiometer R3 increases When the value is small, the sensitivity of the received ultrasonic signal is higher; when the second capacitor C2 is larger, the sensitivity of the received ultrasonic signal is higher.

The ultrasonic receiving integrated chip U1A transmits the received information to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer converts the sampled information into the distance between the vehicle and the obstacle, and the single-chip microcomputer selects the minimum value in the sampling information and compares it with the safe value. If the value is less than the set safety value, the microcontroller will output an alarm signal to remind the driver that the distance between the vehicle and the obstacle is no longer within the safe range. In an emergency, it will brake to avoid traffic accidents and ensure the safety of drivers and pedestrians. Safety, while ensuring the safety of the vehicle.

Claims (6)

1. anti-collision alarm for cars, it is characterized in that: comprise detecting unit, CPU (central processing unit) and alarm unit, the signal output part of described detecting unit connects the signal input part of CPU (central processing unit), the alarm signal output ends of CPU (central processing unit) connects the signal input part of alarm unit, described detecting unit comprises ultrasonic transmit circuit, the ultrasound wave receiving circuit, the output terminal of described ultrasound wave receiving circuit connects the ultrasonic signal input end of CPU (central processing unit), the ultrasonic pulse signal output terminal of CPU (central processing unit) connects input end, described ultrasonic transmit circuit and the wireless connections of ultrasound wave receiving circuit of ultrasonic transmit circuit.

2. anti-collision alarm for cars as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described anti-collision alarm for cars also comprises display unit, and the shows signal output terminal of described CPU (central processing unit) connects the signal input part of display unit.

3. anti-collision alarm for cars as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described alarm unit adopts sound light alarming circuit.

4. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described anti-collision alarm for cars, it is characterized in that: described ultrasonic pulse radiating circuit comprises first phase inverter, second phase inverter, the 3rd phase inverter, the 4th phase inverter and the 5th phase inverter, the input end of described first phase inverter connects the ultrasonic signal output terminal of central processing unit respectively, the input end of the input end of the 4th phase inverter and the 5th phase inverter, the output terminal of first phase inverter connects the input end of second phase inverter and the input end of the 3rd phase inverter respectively, the output terminal of described second phase inverter connects first power supply after being connected in series first resistance, and the output terminal of the 3rd phase inverter connects the first input end of ultrasonic transmitter; The output terminal of the output terminal of described the 4th phase inverter and the 5th phase inverter is connected second input end of ultrasonic transmitter respectively; After being connected in series second resistance, second input end of described ultrasonic transmitter connects power supply.

5. anti-collision alarm for cars as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described ultrasound wave receiving circuit comprises that ultrasound wave receives integrated chip and ultrasonic sensor, the signal output part of described ultrasonic sensor connects the ultrasonic signal input end that ultrasound wave receives integrated chip, and ultrasound wave receives the ultrasonic signal input end of the ultrasonic signal output terminal connection CPU (central processing unit) of integrated chip.

6. anti-collision alarm for cars as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described ultrasound wave receiving circuit also comprises sensitive regulating circuit.

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