CN202057036U - 一种煤粉热风炉 - Google Patents
一种煤粉热风炉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN202057036U CN202057036U CN2011200295315U CN201120029531U CN202057036U CN 202057036 U CN202057036 U CN 202057036U CN 2011200295315 U CN2011200295315 U CN 2011200295315U CN 201120029531 U CN201120029531 U CN 201120029531U CN 202057036 U CN202057036 U CN 202057036U
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- coal
- hot
- furnace
- blast
- fuel
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
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- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000843 powders Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 238000002485 combustion reactions Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种整体设备成本低，燃尽率高、燃烧热效率高的煤粉热风炉。它包括依次连接的均匀供煤粉装置，气力输送装置，燃烧器，鼓风机，热风炉本体以及相应的自动控制装置；所述均匀供煤粉装置包括：燃料煤仓、激振电机、螺旋喂料机；所述燃料煤仓分为上下两部分，中间采用软连接，下部安装有激振电机，螺旋喂料机采用变频控制；所述气力输送装置包括：相互连接的高压旋涡风机和风送泵；所述燃烧器包括：旋流蜗壳，在旋流蜗壳内设有送粉管、点火电极和燃料罐。
Description
一种煤粉热风炉
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及一种工业燃煤热风炉，特别是关于一种在煤泥、褐煤干燥系统中提供热源的煤粉热风炉。
背景技术
[0002] 在褐煤、煤泥干燥系统中提供高温烟气的热风炉数量及种类众多，一般为层燃炉、 往复式热风炉、链条炉、沸腾炉等，它们一般以块煤、混煤等原煤为燃料，部分采用粗制煤粉。但这些热风炉对燃料煤的要求也比较高且燃料燃尽率低，热效率只有60%左右，热风炉点火以及提温及降温都比较慢，不能满足干燥系统停车后迅速降温的需要，对热风炉及干燥系统设备空烧现象严重，影响了设备的整体使用寿命，事故率高，热损失量大、热效率低。 在国外发达国家，有些采用燃油燃气炉，有些工艺采用中小型工业煤粉锅炉，这些炉系统的特点是：精制煤粉燃烧、热效率高，低温燃烧、尾气排放程度低，但国外这些系统技术流程复杂、设备庞杂，特别是昂贵的价格，不适合广泛推广使用。因此研制一种适用于煤泥及褐煤干燥的新型热风炉是十分有必要的。
实用新型内容
[0003] 针对上述问题，本实用新型的目的就是提供一种整体设备成本低，燃尽率高、燃烧热效率高的煤粉热风炉。
[0004] 为实现上述目的，本实用新型采取以下技术方案：
[0005] 一种煤粉热风炉，它包括依次连接的均勻供煤粉装置，气力输送装置，燃烧器，鼓风机，热风炉本体以及相应的自动控制装置；所述均勻供煤粉装置包括：燃料煤仓、激振电机、螺旋喂料机；所述燃料煤仓分为上下两部分，中间采用软连接，下部安装有激振电机，螺旋喂料机采用变频控制；所述气力输送装置包括：相互连接的高压旋涡风机和风送泵；所述燃烧器包括：旋流蜗壳，在旋流蜗壳内设有送粉管、点火电极和燃料罐。
[0006] 所述热风炉本体包括炉墙构成的炉膛，在炉墙上设有炉骨架，炉墙侧面下部安装燃烧器；在炉膛内设有挡火墙，将炉膛分为两部分，煤粉在第一燃烧室内燃烧，在第二燃烧室与热风出口间设置煤粉热风炉压力、温度传感器；在炉膛的顶部设有短路烟道，在热风炉本体侧面设有热风出口 ；热风炉本体底部设有排渣口，侧面设有配风口，配风口上安装配风调节阀。
[0007] 本实用新型它包括均勻供煤粉装置，煤粉气力输送装置，燃烧装置，鼓风机，热风炉本体以及自动控制装置。所述均勻供煤粉装置包括：防结拱煤粉储存仓、激振电机、螺旋喂料机；所述煤粉气力输送装置包括：高压旋涡风机、风送泵，管道等；所述燃烧装置包括： 旋流蜗壳，送粉管，点火装置，燃料罐、燃气导管、进风管、燃料器外壳等。所述煤粉仓分为上下两部分，中间采用软连接，下部安装有激振电机，通过激振电机的振动防止煤仓出现堵塞，确保煤粉均勻供入螺旋喂料机，螺旋喂料机采用变频控制，以此来精确调整供粉量；煤粉气力输送系统中高压旋涡风机产生的高压风送入风送泵，风送泵内通过高压旋涡风的旁路将风送泵内的煤粉呈雾化状，通过高压风在风送泵将煤粉通过管道送入燃料器送粉管； 燃烧器内通过自动点火装置将燃料罐中的液化石油气或丙烷器点燃，鼓风机通过燃烧器旋流蜗壳在燃烧器内形成旋风，煤粉气力输送装置送来的煤粉通过回流帽反射后在燃烧器内与旋流风充分混合并被点燃，点火电极自动退出燃烧器防止烧坏，燃料罐停止供气煤粉自主燃烧，燃烧器内燃烧的旋流火焰通过燃烧器喷口喷入煤粉热风炉炉膛内充分燃烧，为干燥系统提供热量，鼓风机为变频式控制，调节风量大小及旋流强度，可实现对火焰长度以及燃烧情况的控制。
[0008] 煤粉热风炉炉体包括炉墙构成的炉膛，炉骨架，挡火墙等，挡火墙将炉膛分为两个燃烧室；在炉膛的顶部设有短路烟道和短路烟道口，在煤粉热风炉侧面设有热风出口 ；煤粉热风炉底部设有排渣口，侧面设有观察口 ；炉膛设置有煤粉热风炉压力、温度传感器、烟氧传感器，对热风炉工况实时监控。
[0009] 本技术方案与现有技术相比，煤粉热风炉对燃料的适应性非常强，可以燃用各种劣质煤，在褐煤干燥行业可直接燃烧干燥过程旋风除尘器收集的煤粉，极大得降低了燃料成本，煤粉热风炉的燃尽率高达99 %，热效率达90 %以上，比以往链条炉提高热效率 30%-50%，煤粉热风炉简化了链条炉排等锅炉辅机系统，节约了投资成本，燃料煤从收集到燃烧皆为封闭式负压运行，工作环境良好，无粉尘跑帽；自动化程度高，配备火焰检测、烟氧检测及全自动智能监控系统，热风炉运行实现自动控制与调节、参数连续自动采集、故障报警及安全联锁保护等，安全性高，无需专门司炉工即可操控。采用高可靠程序点火控制器，防止炉内点火爆燃及完成熄火联锁保护，点火过程仅需一分钟，即开即停，无“焖火”过程。取消了传统的堆煤场和灰场，设备紧凑，占地面积少节约用地。
附图说明
[0010] 图1是本实用新型结构示意图。
[0011] 图2是均勻供煤粉装置和气力输送装置示意图。
[0012] 图3是燃烧装置与热风炉本体安装示意图。
具体实施方式
[0013] 下面结合附图与实施例对本实用新型做进一步说明。
[0014] 如图1所示，本实用新型包括均勻供煤粉装置1、气力输送装置2、燃烧器3、鼓风机 4、热风炉本体5。
[0015] 如图2所示，均勻供煤粉装置1包括燃料煤仓11、激振电机12、螺旋喂料机13 ；燃料煤仓11包括上下两部分，中间进行软连接，燃料煤仓11下部安装有激振电机12，激振电机产生振动防止燃料煤仓11下料口产生堵塞，保证煤粉供应；螺旋给料机13为变频式，可调节给煤量；气力输送装置2包括高压漩涡风机21、风送泵22 ；煤粉气力输送系统中高压旋涡风机21产生的高压风送入风送泵22，风送泵22内通过高压旋涡风的旁路将风送泵22 内的煤粉呈雾化状，通过高压风在风送泵22将煤粉通过管道送入燃料器送粉管，通过调节风送泵22内的密封锥盘空隙大小可以控制吸入煤粉量的多少，从而改变燃烧状况。
[0016] 如图3所示，燃烧装置为燃烧器3，燃烧器3内部涂IOOmm厚耐火材料，燃烧器3 包括燃料罐31，减压阀32，电磁阀33，送粉管34，旋流蜗壳35，点火电极36，点火控制装置37，；石油液化气通过管道进入燃烧器内部，并形成喷口，在喷口附近设有点火电极，点火电极产生高压电火花将液化气石油气点燃，送粉管32在末端设有回流帽，回流帽将煤粉均勻分散，石油液化气将煤粉引燃，待煤粉自主燃烧后，关闭液化石油气。
[0017] 鼓风机4通过燃烧器旋流蜗壳在燃烧器内形成旋风，煤粉气力输送装置送来的煤粉通过回流帽反射后在燃烧器内与旋流风充分混合并被点燃。鼓风机为变频控制，调节风量大小及旋流强度，可实现对火焰长度以及燃烧情况的控制。
[0018] 煤粉热风炉5包括炉墙51构成的炉膛，在炉墙51上设有炉骨架M ；炉墙51侧面下部安装燃烧器3 ；在炉膛内设有挡火墙52，将炉膛分为两部分；在炉膛的顶部设有短路烟道57，在煤粉热风炉5侧面设有热风出口 58 ；煤粉热风炉5底部设有排渣口 53，侧面设有配风口 55，配风口 55上安装配风调节阀56。挡火墙52将煤粉热风炉分为两个燃烧室， 煤粉在第一燃烧室内充分迅速燃烧，在干燥系统弓丨风机作用下未燃尽部分在第二燃烧室内燃烧，热风通过热风出口 58供给干燥系统，在第二燃烧室与热风出口间设置煤粉热风炉压力、温度传感器59，自动监测煤粉热风炉的运行情况，提供给集中控制室，以此来调节煤粉热风炉的工况状态。煤粉热风炉燃尽率高达99%，燃烧产生的灰渣通过煤粉热风炉5底部的排渣口 53排出，为防止干燥系统故障需将煤粉热风炉热量放空，煤粉热风炉顶部设置短路烟道口 57，正常生产时处于关闭状态热风全部供给干燥系统，紧急状态以及停车时打开将热量迅速排空，防止热量空烧干燥设备造成干燥系统寿命降低或设备损坏。
[0019] 本实用新型仅以上述实施例进行说明，各部件的结构、设置位置、及其连接都是可以有所变化的，在本实用新型技术方案的基础上，凡根据本实用新型对个别部件进行的改进和等同变换，均不应排除在本实用新型的保护范围之外。
Claims (2)
1. 一种煤粉热风炉，其特征在于，它包括依次连接的均勻供煤粉装置，气力输送装置， 燃烧器，鼓风机，热风炉本体以及相应的自动控制装置；所述均勻供煤粉装置包括：燃料煤仓、激振电机、螺旋喂料机；所述燃料煤仓分为上下两部分，中间采用软连接，下部安装有激振电机，螺旋喂料机采用变频控制；所述气力输送装置包括：相互连接的高压旋涡风机和风送泵；所述燃烧器包括：旋流蜗壳，在旋流蜗壳内设有送粉管、点火电极和燃料罐。
2.如权利要求1所述的煤粉热风炉，其特征在于，所述热风炉本体包括炉墙构成的炉膛，在炉墙上设有炉骨架，炉墙侧面下部安装燃烧器；在炉膛内设有挡火墙，将炉膛分为两部分，煤粉在第一燃烧室内燃烧，在第二燃烧室与热风出口间设置煤粉热风炉压力、温度传感器；在炉膛的顶部设有短路烟道，在热风炉本体侧面设有热风出口 ；热风炉本体底部设有排渣口，侧面设有配风口，配风口上安装配风调节阀。
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102967047A (zh) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-03-13 | 青岛海众环保锅炉股份有限公司 | 煤粉热风炉 |
| CN106016250A (zh) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-12 | 朱绍辉 | 一种热风炉 |
| CN108870737A (zh) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-23 | 安徽谷王烘干机械有限公司 | 一种热风炉的电控系统和控制方法 |
| CN109539547A (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏金满穗农业发展有限公司 | 一种以谷糠为燃料的热风炉 |
| CN109539548A (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏金满穗农业发展有限公司 | 一种喷腾燃烧谷壳热风炉 |
| CN111306537A (zh) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-19 | 娄底高安环保科技有限公司 | 采用传感自动寻优的高吨位沸腾炉控制系统 |
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2011
- 2011-01-28 CN CN2011200295315U patent/CN202057036U/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102967047A (zh) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-03-13 | 青岛海众环保锅炉股份有限公司 | 煤粉热风炉 |
| CN106016250A (zh) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-12 | 朱绍辉 | 一种热风炉 |
| CN108870737A (zh) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-23 | 安徽谷王烘干机械有限公司 | 一种热风炉的电控系统和控制方法 |
| CN109539547A (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏金满穗农业发展有限公司 | 一种以谷糠为燃料的热风炉 |
| CN109539548A (zh) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-29 | 江苏金满穗农业发展有限公司 | 一种喷腾燃烧谷壳热风炉 |
| CN111306537A (zh) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-19 | 娄底高安环保科技有限公司 | 采用传感自动寻优的高吨位沸腾炉控制系统 |
| CN111306537B (zh) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-11-10 | 娄底高安环保科技有限公司 | 采用传感自动寻优的高吨位沸腾炉控制系统 |
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