CN202040649U - 一种热管散热大功率led路灯 - Google Patents
一种热管散热大功率led路灯 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,<?xml version='1.0' encoding='iso-8859-1'?>
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/72—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps in street lighting
Abstract
一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,由带热管的散热装置(1)、LED光源(2)、整流控制驱动器(3)以及灯臂紧固装置(4)构成,带热管的散热装置由光源芯片安装导热板、铝基散热器和热管散热系统组成,铝基散热器、整流驱动控制器安装盒(30)和灯臂紧固装置外壳(40)为铝材一次压铸成型,构成路灯的骨架结构,LED光源紧密安装于散热装置光源芯片安装导热板并紧密接触,整流驱动控制器固定安装于安装盒内。带热管的散热装置应用于大功率LED路灯,能够实现通过液体汽化吸热的原理将LED芯片传出的热量均匀地传递到散热片上进行散热的功能,确保LED芯片工作在适宜的温度环境下,保证LED芯片的正常工作,解决因温度升高影响LED芯片寿命和光衰的难题。
Description
一种热管散热大功率LED路灯
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及一种大功率LED路灯,特别涉及一种利用液体介质汽化吸热降温的热管散热大功率LED路灯。
背景技术
[0002] 随着大功率高亮度白光LED光源已逐步代替传统光源,但由于LED结温高的问题不能有效解决,导致LED芯片发光效率下降、光衰、老化、缩短使用寿命等问题一直使大功率LED灯具不能应用在照度高、使用环境恶劣、寿命要求较长的路灯照明领域。随着LED绿色照明和节能形势的需要,开发高亮度、大功率适合路灯照明的LED光源灯具成为一个新的课题。在这一新课题中LED发光芯片的温升成了解决问题的关键。为解决这一问题,我们研制了一种利用液体介质在一定的温度下由液体变为汽体会吸收热量的原理而制成的一种利用液体介质汽化吸热降温的热管散热大功率LED路灯。
发明内容
[0003] 为解决大功率LED光源灯具的LED发光芯片温度高、难散热、光衰快、影响使用寿命的问题,本实用新型提供了一种利用液体介质汽化吸热降温的热管散热大功率LED路灯。
[0004] 本实用新型的技术方案如下:
[0005] 一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,由带热管的散热装置、LED光源、整流控制驱动器以及灯臂紧固装置构成,带热管的散热装置由光源芯片安装导热板、铝基散热器和热管散热系统组成,铝基散热器、整流驱动控制器安装盒和灯臂紧固装置外壳为铝材一次压铸成型,构成路灯的骨架结构,LED光源紧密安装于散热装置光源芯片安装导热板并紧密接触, 整流驱动控制器固定安装于安装盒内;
[0006] 所述的带热管的散热装置包括:光源芯片安装导热板、铝基散热器和热管散热系统;热管散热系统由导热腔、导热管、组合散热片、传热介质充装口、毛细管等组成;光源芯片安装导热板与热管散热系统导热腔一体化结构,导热腔上端焊接若干η型导热管,η型导热管两端口与导热腔上端面焊接,铝基散热器传热铝基板与导热腔上端面紧密接触安装, η型导热管上横管均勻穿有若干组合散热片,组合散热片与导热管紧密接触,相邻散热片彼此间留有一定间距;所述的η型导热管内一侧置有便于冷却后的液体传热介质回流的毛细管;所述的其中一个η型导热管上装有便于充装和补充传热介质充装口 ;
[0007] 所述的LED光源由大功率LED芯片集成封装制作而成,LED芯片通过导线串联或者并联组成矩阵排布并置于模块支架内形成LED光源模块,并设置有两个面,一个发光面和一个导热面,导热面由热阻小的金属制成,其上包含与灯具散热器连接的螺丝孔以及供走线的穿线孔;导热面通过螺丝和导热胶连于光源芯片安装导热板下端面;发光面设置为平面加设配光透镜进行二次配光,配光透镜设于LED光源模块下方,透镜与光源模块间密封处理,使光源模块处于防水防尘的密闭光源腔内;光源模块设置为硅胶透镜整体封装的设玻璃罩进行密封;
[0008] 所述的配光透镜为玻璃或其他透明材料制作而成,包括一个入射面和一个发射面,透镜周边设有供安装连接用的法兰状安装环,其上设对称的安装孔。
[0009] 所述的光源芯片安装导热板一般为紫铜板,其安装LED光源芯片的一面设有以便光源芯片与传热基板紧密接触的抛光面。
[0010] 所述的导热腔为紫铜制成内部充装传热介质的密闭容器,其下端与传热基板形成一体,上端开有若干圆孔与η型导热管两端口焊接形成过流通道。
[0011] 所述的导热管为η型紫铜管,η型紫铜管的两个端口与导热腔上端焊接,形成过流通道,在η型铜管一侧内部设置有便于由外传热铜管中冷却后的传热介质回流的毛细管。
[0012] 所述的η型紫铜管上均勻分布的散热片为铝薄板制作并整齐穿在η型铜管中间横管上,散热片与导热管紧密接触,相邻散热片之间留有便于通风和散热的间距。
[0013] 所述的铝基散热器采用铝材制作而成,由传热铝基板和若干散热片组成,若干散热片固定设置在传热铝基板上端面,传热铝基板下端面为平面,传热铝基板厚度设置为 0. 5-1厘米之间,散热片的厚度为1-3毫米,高度为2-10厘米,间距为0. 5-2厘米。
[0014] 本实用新型的有益效果:
[0015] 本实用新型将热管散热技术应用到大功率LED路灯,使得LED芯片发出的热量快速而均勻的传递到散热片并散失到空气中,从根本上解决了大功率LED光源灯具因散热不畅引起的光衰减、影响芯片使用寿命等问题。热管散热技术的应用极大的均勻了整个散热器的热量分布,充分利用了散热片的散热功能,较传统散热器可以减小体积,提高散热效率,且本实用新型散热装置使用寿命长,基本无需维修,不耗电,绿色环保。
附图说明: [0016] 图1 :为本实用新型外观示意图; [0017] 图2 :为本实用新型结构示意图I ; [0018] 图3 :为本实用新型结构示意图II ; [0019] 图4 :为本实用新型散热装置结构示意图I ; [0020] 图5 :为本实用新型散热装置结构示意图II ; [0021] 附图中所指图例 [0022] 1、带热管的散热装置 11、光源芯片安装导热板[0023] 12、铝基散热器 13、热管散热系统[0024] 131、导热腔 132、导热管[0025] 133、组合散热片 134、传热介质充装口[0026] 135、毛细管 2、LED光源[0027] 21、LED光源模块 22、配光透镜[0028] 3、整流控制驱动器 30、整流驱动控制器安装盒[0029] 4、灯臂紧固装置 40、灯臂紧固装置外壳
具体实施方式[0030] 如图1、2、3,一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,由带热管的散热装置(1)、LED光源 O)、整流控制驱动器(3)以及灯臂紧固装置(4)构成。带热管的散热装置由光源芯片安装导热板(11)、铝基散热器(1¾和热管散热系统(1¾组成,铝基散热器(12)、整流驱动控制器安装盒(30)和灯臂紧固装置外壳GO)为铝材一次压铸成型,构成路灯的骨架结构,LED 光源(2)紧密安装于散热装置光源芯片安装导热板(11)并紧密接触,整流驱动控制器(3) 固定安装于安装盒(30)内。
[0031] 如图4、5,所述的带热管的散热装置(1)。包括:光源芯片安装导热板(11)、铝基散热器(1¾和热管散热系统(13),热管散热系统由导热腔(121)、导热管(132)、组合散热片(133)、传热介质充装口(134)、毛细管(135)等组成。光源芯片安装导热板与热管散热系统导热腔一体化制作,导热腔上端焊接若干η型导热管,η型导热管两端口与导热腔上端面焊接,铝基散热器传热铝基板与导热腔上端面紧密接触安装,η型导热管上横管均勻穿有若干组合散热片,组合散热片与导热管紧密接触,相邻散热片彼此间留有一定间距。
[0032] 所述的η型导热管内一侧置有毛细管(135),便于冷却后的液体传热介质回流。
[0033] 所述的其中一个η型导热管上装有传热介质充装口(134),便于充装和补充传热介质。
[0034] 所述的LED光源由大功率LED芯片集成封装制作而成,LED芯片通过导线串联或者并联组成矩阵排布并置于模块支架内形成LED光源模块,并设置有两个面,一个发光面和一个导热面,导热面由热阻小的金属制成,其上应包含与灯具散热器连接的螺丝孔以及供走线的穿线孔。导热面通过螺丝和导热胶连于光源芯片安装导热板下端面。发光面设置为平面的需加设配光透镜0¾进行二次配光,配光透镜设于LED光源模块下方,透镜与光源模块间密封处理,使光源模块处于防水防尘的密闭光源腔内;光源模块设置为硅胶透镜整体封装的可设玻璃罩进行密封,同样需达到相应的防护等级。
[0035] 所述的配光透镜0¾为玻璃或其他透明材料制作而成,包括一个入射面和一个发射面,透镜周边设有供安装连接用的法兰状安装环,其上设对称的安装孔。
[0036] 所述的光源芯片安装导热板(11) 一般为紫铜板(其它材质应考虑性价比,即综合考虑制造成本和传热效率),其安装LED光源芯片的一面抛光处理,以便光源芯片与传热基板紧密接触。
[0037] 所述的导热腔(131)为紫铜制成的密闭容器(内部充装传热介质),其下端与传热基板形成一体,上端开有若干圆孔与η型导热管两端口焊接形成过流通道。
[0038] 所述的导热管(13¾为η型紫铜管,η型紫铜管的两个端口与导热腔上端焊接,形成过流通道。在η型铜管一侧内部设置有毛细管,便于由外传热铜管中冷却后的传热介质回流。
[0039] 所述的η型紫铜管上均勻分布的散热片(13¾为铝薄板制作并整齐穿在η型铜管中间横管上,散热片与导热管紧密接触,相邻散热片间留有一定间距,便于通风和散热。
[0040] 所述的铝基散热器(1¾采用铝材制作而成,由传热铝基板(121)和若干散热片(12¾组成,若干散热片固定设置在传热铝基板上端面,传热铝基板下端面为平面,传热铝基板厚度设置为0. 5-1厘米之间,散热片的厚度为1-3毫米,高度为2-10厘米,间距为 0. 5-2厘米。
[0041] 大功率LED光源芯片产生的热量经导热铜板传至铝基散热器和传热介质。铝基散热器上的多个散热片形成内散热通道,散去一部分热量。大部分热量通过导热铜管传到组合散热片散热。由于在传热铜管中置有传热介质,传热介质吸热后汽化,经导热腔传送到导热管,由于导热管装有许多散热片,热量很快被散发掉,当汽化传热介质降温液化后经毛细管回流继续循环。这样大部分的热量被循环带出经散热片散去,确保发光芯片的工作温度在设定的温度以下,保证了芯片的发光效率和使用寿命,从而从根本上解决了大功率LED 发光芯片因温升高、散热差导致光衰减等一系列问题。
Claims (9)
1. 一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,由带热管的散热装置(1)、LED光源O)、整流控制驱动器(3)以及灯臂紧固装置(4)构成,其特征在于:带热管的散热装置由光源芯片安装导热板、铝基散热器和热管散热系统组成,铝基散热器、整流驱动控制器安装盒(30)和灯臂紧固装置外壳GO)为铝材一次压铸成型,构成路灯的骨架结构,LED光源紧密安装于散热装置光源芯片安装导热板并紧密接触,整流驱动控制器固定安装于安装盒内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,其特征在于:所述的带热管的散热装置(1)包括:光源芯片安装导热板、铝基散热器和热管散热系统;热管散热系统由导热腔、导热管、组合散热片、传热介质充装口、毛细管等组成;光源芯片安装导热板与热管散热系统导热腔一体化结构,导热腔上端焊接若干η型导热管,η型导热管两端口与导热腔上端面焊接,铝基散热器传热铝基板与导热腔上端面紧密接触安装,η型导热管上横管均勻穿有若干组合散热片,组合散热片与导热管紧密接触,相邻散热片彼此间留有一定间距;所述的η型导热管内一侧置有便于冷却后的液体传热介质回流的毛细管;所述的其中一个η 型导热管上装有便于充装和补充传热介质充装口。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,其特征在于:所述的LED 光源由大功率LED芯片集成封装制作而成,LED芯片通过导线串联或者并联组成矩阵排布并置于模块支架内形成LED光源模块,并设置有两个面,一个发光面和一个导热面,导热面由热阻小的金属制成,其上包含与灯具散热器连接的螺丝孔以及供走线的穿线孔;导热面通过螺丝和导热胶连于光源芯片安装导热板下端面;发光面设置为平面加设配光透镜 (22)进行二次配光,配光透镜设于LED光源模块下方,透镜与光源模块间密封处理,使光源模块处于防水防尘的密闭光源腔内;光源模块设置为硅胶透镜整体封装的设玻璃罩进行密封。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,其特征在于:所述的配光透镜通过透明材料制作而成,包括一个入射面和一个发射面,透镜周边设有供安装连接用的法兰状安装环,其上设对称的安装孔。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,其特征在于:所述的光源芯片安装导热板一般为紫铜板,其安装LED光源芯片的一面设有以便光源芯片与传热基板紧密接触的抛光面。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,其特征在于:所述的导热腔为紫铜制成内部充装传热介质的密闭容器,其下端与传热基板形成一体,上端开有若干圆孔与η型导热管两端口焊接形成过流通道。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,其特征在于:所述的导热管为η型紫铜管,η型紫铜管的两个端口与导热腔上端焊接,形成过流通道,在η型铜管一侧内部设置有便于由外传热铜管中冷却后的传热介质回流的毛细管。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,其特征在于:所述的η型紫铜管上均勻分布的散热片为铝薄板制作并整齐穿在η型铜管中间横管上,散热片与导热管紧密接触,相邻散热片之间留有便于通风和散热的间距。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种热管散热大功率LED路灯,其特征在于:所述的铝基散热器采用铝材制作而成,由传热铝基板和若干散热片组成,若干散热片固定设置在传热铝基板上端面,传热铝基板下端面为平面,传热铝基板厚度设置为0. 5-1厘米之间,散热片的厚度为1-3毫米,高度为2-10厘米,间距为0. 5-2厘米。
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