Background technology
Coal-bed gas is to cause that coal and gas are outstanding, gas is gushed out unusually and the leading factor of great gas disaster such as gas explosion, it is the prerequisite that control gas is outstanding and administer gas that the regularity of distribution is deposited in the tax that coal-bed gas is held in accurate support, so the rapid and accurate determination of coal seam gas-bearing capacity is most important.
Usually, the assay method of coal seam gas-bearing capacity mainly contains two kinds, i.e. indirect method and direct method.Both at home and abroad the most frequently used coal seam gas-bearing capacity indirect determination method is according to the field measurement coal-bed gas pressure, and the absorption constant of experimental determination coal and carry out Industrial Analysis etc. calculates coal seam gas-bearing capacity with the Lang Gemiuer equation.Measurement of Seam Gas Content by Indirect Method also is the method that generally adopts at present, but measuring, indirect method needs the original gas pressure in actual measurement coal seam under coal mine, it is complicated that the original gas pressure in coal seam is measured technology, the selection of measuring point is arranged, hole-sealing technology, the processing of each link of leaking gas etc. all has strict technical requirements, whichever link is handled all can cause pressure measurement result inefficacy or unreliable accidentally, for example measuring the original gas pressure measuring point in coal seam selects to avoid the geological structure band, digging tunnel influence band etc., can not arrange a large amount of or measure at concrete coal seam, can not compose the situation of depositing by the whole coal-bed gas of accurately grasping of large tracts of land than multi-measuring point; Secondly, need certain tunnel, boring and sealing of hole engineering when indirect method is measured, need special sealing material and special-purpose sealing of hole equipment etc., it is bigger to measure engineering quantity, also need carry out a large amount of laboratory works simultaneously and measure the absorption constant of coal and carry out Industrial Analysis etc., cost of determination is higher; Once more, it is longer that indirect method is measured the cycle, is generally about 20 ~ 45 days, can not in time instruct production, is unfavorable for The field.In addition, indirect method on-site measurement complex process and also have a large amount of laboratory works, most collieries are the respectively technician and the equipment of this aspect of tool not, can only measure by the scientific research institutions of specialty, arrange impossible a lot so the rule measuring point is deposited in the tax of grasp mine gas, can satisfy current mining depth far from and strengthen the situation that gas emission is unusual.
The coal seam gas-bearing capacity assay method of exploring other is being studied always by some countries in recent years, how tame R﹠D institutions such as Coal Scientific Research Institute Chongqing Institute as China have studied multiple compensation model and applicable elements thereof respectively, the main surface drilling that adopts during the geological prospecting is got the coal core or is directly got coal dust in the down-hole and measure coal seam gas-bearing capacity, but, in the Coal Production process, be not widely used because of its make-up time and compensation model existing problems cause its measured value less than normal.
Therefore, need to explore a kind of direct determinator of gas bearing capacity, can directly, accurately measure coal seam gas-bearing capacity, overcome traditional indirect method and measure defectives such as time-consuming, that engineering quantity is big.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of gas bearing capacity direct determinator, and this device can directly, accurately be measured coal seam gas-bearing capacity, measures that engineering quantity is little, simple to operate, maintenance is little, safe in utilization.
The direct determinator of gas bearing capacity of the present utility model, comprise the down-hole coal core sampling system that is used for drilling through the coal core in the down-hole, be used to pulverize the coal sample crushing system of coal sample, be used for desorption of mash gas parametric measurement system in down-hole and ground mensuration coal sample desorption of mash gas amount, be used for the weighing system that coal sample is weighed, be used to measure the ambient parameter mensuration system of environment temperature and air pressure, and timekeeping system; Described down-hole coal core sampling system comprises coal bed drilling sampler and coal sample tube, and described coal sample crushing system comprises the mill that coal sample can be pulverized, and described ambient parameter mensuration system comprises thermometer and barometer.
Further, described coal bed drilling sampler is the corer sampler, and described corer sampler comprises rig, the drilling rod that is connected with rig and the corer that is connected with the drilling rod front end;
Further, described corer is individual layer corer or double-deck two moving corer;
Further, the direct determinator of described gas bearing capacity also comprises the determination of moisture system, and described determination of moisture system comprises the moisture teller that is used for measuring the coal sample water content;
Further, described coal bed drilling sampler is boring injection sampler, described boring injection sampler comprises hollow brill tail, hollow drill pipe, the drill bit that passage is set, injector, sample collection jar and compressed air interface, described compressed air interface bores tail, hollow drill pipe and drill bit by pressing the wind transfer valve to connect hollow successively, described injector power source inlet links to each other with the compressed air interface by injection powershift valve, the import of sample collection jar is bored tail by sampling transfer valve and hollow and is connected, and gas vent connects the injector intake;
Further, described desorption of mash gas parametric measurement system comprises fire damp desorb parameter determinator and ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator; Described fire damp desorb parameter determinator comprises that base and lower end are vertically connected on the down-hole desorption tube on the base, the desorption tube upper end sealing of described down-hole, sidewall is marked with scale, described base is provided with reservoir channel, down-hole suction nozzle and the fluid mouth that is communicated with the down-hole desorption tube respectively, and described reservoir channel entrance is provided with the bottom plug that is used for seal channel; Described ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator comprises tank, ground desorption tube I and vacuum pump, described ground desorption tube I lower ending opening and vertical the insertion in the tank, body is provided with the ground suction nozzle, sidewall is marked with scale, and described ground desorption tube I is connected with vacuum pump by the outlet valve of body upper end;
Further, described ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator also comprises ground desorption tube II, described ground desorption tube II lower ending opening and vertical the insertion in the tank, sidewall is marked with scale, and described ground desorption tube II is connected with ground desorption tube I upper end by the breather valve of body upper end;
Further, described ground desorption tube II, ground desorption tube I and the vacuum pump that connects successively formed one group of desorption tube group, and described ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator comprises range difference between two groups of described desorption tube groups and the two groups of desorption tube groups.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: utilize the direct determinator of gas bearing capacity of the present utility model, can measure coal seam gas-bearing capacity, compare with existing equipment, it is less relatively to measure engineering quantity, cost of determination is lower, the mensuration cycle is short, and minute is less than 8 hours, and it is higher to measure reliability and accuracy rate; Can carry out the measurement of big measuring point, but the coal seam desorbing mash gas content that utilizes this device to measure can be used for coal seam outburst hazard work plane and regional prediction, pre-gas pumping effect assessment and mine coal seam Forecast of Gas Emission etc. better.
The specific embodiment
The direct determinator of gas bearing capacity of the present utility model, comprise the down-hole coal core sampling system that is used for drilling through the coal core in the down-hole, be used to pulverize the coal sample crushing system of coal sample, be used for desorption of mash gas parametric measurement system in down-hole and ground mensuration coal sample desorption of mash gas amount, be used for the weighing system that coal sample is weighed, be used to measure the ambient parameter mensuration system of environment temperature and air pressure, and timekeeping system; Described down-hole coal core sampling system comprises coal bed drilling sampler and coal sample tube, and described coal sample crushing system comprises the mill that coal sample can be pulverized, and described ambient parameter mensuration system comprises thermometer and barometer.
Described coal bed drilling sampler can be existing sampler, also can be a kind of in the following sampler:
1. corer sampler, described corer sampler comprise rig, the drilling rod that is connected with rig and the corer that is connected with the drilling rod front end; Described corer is individual layer corer or double-deck two moving corer; As shown in Figure 2, the individual layer corer comprises corer body 11, is positioned at the tool joint 12 of corer body 11 tail ends and is positioned at the drill bit 13 of corer body 11 front ends; As shown in Figure 3, corer 21 and outer corer 22 in double-deck two moving corers comprise, interior corer 21 and outer corer 22 front ends are respectively equipped with drill bit 23 and 24, and outer corer 22 tail ends are provided with tool joint 25.
The core drill hole earlier with the opening bit construction, adopts wet type to creep into, and withdraws from drilling rod and use corer instead and get core after creeping into desired depth, gets the big I of core process water (wind) amount and adjusts according to coal seam soft or hard situation; After corer is sent at the bottom of the hole, adjust drilling parameter, carry out sample drilling, simultaneously with the stopwatch record trip-out time, creep into fill to corer till, record creeps into the concluding time; Withdraw from corer fast, getting coal sample is carried out suitable sorting, choose interlude, the big coal sample threading of lumpiness coal sample tube, and seal the time, the sampling end-of-job with stopwatch record coal sample tube.
If what sampler was taken out is the water coal sample, also need to use the determination of moisture system, described determination of moisture system comprises the moisture teller that is used for measuring the coal sample water content.
2. described coal bed drilling sampler is boring injection sampler, Fig. 4 is the structural representation of boring injection sampler, as shown in the figure, described boring injection sampler comprises hollow brill tail 31, hollow drill pipe 32, the drill bit 33 that passage is set, injector 34, sample collection jar 35 and compressed air interface 36, and described compressed air interface 36 bores tail 31, hollow drill pipe 32 and drill bit 33 by pressing wind transfer valve 37 to connect hollow successively; Described injector 34 power sources inlet 341 links to each other with compressed air interface 36 by injection powershift valve 38, and 35 imports 351 of sample collection jar are bored tail 31 by sampling transfer valve 39 and hollow and are connected, and gas vent 352 connects injector 34 intakes 342.
This device presses wind transfer valve 37 to open when creeping into work, and injection powershift valve 38 and sampling transfer valve 39 are closed, and compressed air is delivered to from drilling rod inside at the bottom of the hole, and drilling cuttings is blown out by the slit between hole wall and drilling rod; After predetermined sampling depth is got in boring, stop to advance, blow off ickings remaining in the hole or landwaste with compressed air, press wind transfer valve 37 to close, injection powershift valve 38 and sampling transfer valve 39 are opened, when continuing to creep into, utilize compressed air then as power source, the negative pressure that is produced by injector 34, the inside of fresh ickings under the bit cutting by drill bit, drilling rod is drawn in the sample collection jar 35 through dust collecter, gas pumping is to injector 34, sample is retained in the sample collection jar 35, and sampling process can be finished in tens seconds.
The corer sampler is applicable to that ature of coal is hard and certain angle upward hole coal seam is arranged; Boring injection sampler is applicable to weak seam, following to the hole less than 30 ° of lateral aperture, upward hole or angle.
Described desorption of mash gas parametric measurement system comprises fire damp desorb parameter determinator and ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator; Described fire damp desorb parameter determinator is identical with the measuring principle of ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator, all be to carry out gas volume with fluid-discharge therapy to measure, difference is that fire damp desorb parameter determinator designs more portable lightly, being more suitable for the down-hole measures, ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator range is bigger, the automaticity height is applicable to that ground measures for a long time.Certainly, also can not distinguish down-hole and ground, all use a covering device.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of fire damp desorb parameter determinator, as shown in the figure, described fire damp desorb parameter determinator comprises that base 41 and lower end are vertically connected on the down-hole desorption tube 42 on the base 41, the sealing of desorption tube 42 upper ends, described down-hole, sidewall is marked with scale, described base 41 is provided with reservoir channel 43, down-hole suction nozzle 44 and the fluid mouth 45 that is communicated with down-hole desorption tube 42 respectively, and described reservoir channel 43 entrance are provided with the bottom plug 46 that is used for seal channel; During use, described down-hole suction nozzle 44 is connected with described coal sample tube 5 by pipeline.
Before taking out, coal sample carries out following preparation: at first fire damp desorb parameter determinator (being called for short " down-hole desorption instrument ") bottom plug 46 is opened and poured water, tighten bottom plug 46 after putting into seal washer to suitable scale (" 0 " scale or following near); Pour water and finish its suspension and leak detection.
Coal sample is taken out the back and is enclosed coal sample tube 5 fast, then coal sample tube 5 valves is connected with desorption instrument down-hole, down-hole suction nozzle 44 with emulsion tube; Open coal sample tube valve moment, read down-hole desorption instrument liquid level scale as the 0min scale and open manual time-keeping, each minute read the liquid level scale once then, finishes until 30min; When if desorb gas volume reaches down-hole desorption instrument maximum range 85% in the desorption process, close and open coal sample tube valve again after coal sample tube valve pours water for again the down-hole desorption instrument and continue desorb, and will change the desorption quantity mean allocation that adds up in the water time to changing water on the time; The difference that the down-hole desorb finishes back desorption instrument reading final value and initial scale reading is fire damp desorption quantity W
21, down-hole coal seams gas discharging quantity data are in order to calculate gas loss amount W
1, reading must carry out record and insert the corresponding form of having prepared.Close coal sample tube valve after desorb finishes, and put into clear water and carry out the detection of coal sample tube tightness,,, together bring the laboratory when treating gug into if no gas leak phenomenon is then placed on one side if leak air then this sample calcellation of phenomenon.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator, and Fig. 7 is the pipeline connection diagram of ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator; As shown in the figure, described ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator comprises tank (not drawing among the figure), ground desorption tube I 61 and vacuum pump 62, described ground desorption tube I 61 lower ending openings and vertical the insertion in the tank, body is provided with ground suction nozzle 63, sidewall is marked with scale, and described ground desorption tube I 61 is connected with vacuum pump 62 by the outlet valve 64 of body upper end; During use, described ground suction nozzle 63 is connected with described coal sample tube 5 or mill by pipeline; In order to increase range, described ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator also comprises ground desorption tube II 65, described ground desorption tube II 65 lower ending openings and vertical the insertion in the tank, sidewall is marked with scale, and described ground desorption tube II 65 is connected with desorption tube I 61 upper ends, ground by the breather valve 66 of body upper end; The described ground desorption tube II 65 that connects successively, ground desorption tube I 61 and vacuum pump 62 are formed one group of desorption tube group, and described ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator comprises range difference between two groups of described desorption tube groups and the two groups of desorption tube groups; Two groups of desorption tube groups that range is different can be selected in actual use flexibly.
Into laboratory is brought the coal sample tube that coal sample is housed after getting core and desorb personnel gug immediately in the down-hole, utilizes ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator to carry out the ground desorption of mash gas, and the ground desorption of mash gas is divided into the normal pressure desorb and normal pressure is pulverized desorb; The normal pressure desorb is to measure the gas amount W that discharges from the coal sample tube
22, with the desorption of mash gas amount W of underground survey
21Joint account coal core desorption of mash gas amount W
2It is to measure coal sample to pulverize desorption of mash gas amount W that normal pressure is pulverized desorb
3
When desorb is measured, press vacuum pump 62 start buttons and carry out the exhaust suction, in time, stop when liquid level arrival appropriate location (determining according to the desorption of mash gas amount), regulates outlet valve 64 then to isolated vacuum pump state, makes ground desorption tube I 61 be in sealing state; The ground suction nozzle 63 of ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator and coal sample tube 5 or mill that coal sample is housed are connected, open coal sample tube valve or start mill, read the desorption quantity of a gas at interval every certain hour, when actual measurement desorption of mash gas amount reaches ground desorption tube I 61 maximum ranges 85%, open breather valve 66, ground desorption tube I 61 and ground desorption tube II 65 are communicated with, increase range and continue to measure.After measuring end, the gas amount W that record discharges
22Or pulverizing desorption of mash gas amount W
3
Using method of the present utility model:
The direct determinator of gas bearing capacity of the present utility model is divided into coal seam gas-bearing capacity: gas loss amount W
1, normal pressure desorption of mash gas amount W
2, pulverize desorption of mash gas amount W
3With residual gas amount W
c
Fig. 1 is a use flow chart of the present utility model; As shown in Figure 1:
1) uses the coal bed drilling sampler,, coal sample is taken out from coal seam depth, in time enclose in the coal sample tube by to construction core drill hole, coal seam;
2) the down-hole desorption tube with fire damp desorb parameter determinator is connected with the coal sample tube that coal sample is housed, and 30min coal sample desorption of mash gas amount W is measured in the down-hole
21And preceding open-assembly time t is measured in the coal sample desorb
0, minute t record, utilize following formula to carry out gas loss amount W
1Calculating:
W
1=k?t
0 α
W
21=?k(t
0?+t)
α-?kt
0 α
K is a proportionality constant in the formula; α is the desorb characteristic parameter, according to the integrality value of getting the core coal sample, is between 0. 25<α<0. 5, and the good value of integrality is big.
3) the coal sample tube that coal sample is housed is taken to the laboratory, the ground desorption tube I of ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator is connected with the coal sample tube, carry out the normal pressure desorb, measure the gas amount W that from the coal sample tube, discharges
22, with the desorption of mash gas amount W of underground survey
21Joint account coal sample desorption of mash gas amount W
2
4) take by weighing the secondary coal sample after the weighing coal sample gross weight, the secondary coal sample is added mill, the ground desorption tube I with ground desorption of mash gas parameter determinator is connected with mill again, carries out normal pressure and pulverizes desorb, measures and pulverizes desorption of mash gas amount W
3
5) if the water coal sample utilizes moisture teller to carry out coal sample determination of moisture, correction result;
6) down-hole that records according to thermometer and barometer and breadboard temperature, air pressure are proofreaied and correct the result and are standard state;
7) but desorbing mash gas content W
mFor: W
m=W
1+ W
2+ W
3Adopt the Lang Gemiuer formula to calculate residual gas amount W
c, then can draw coal seam gas-bearing capacity W=W
m+ W
c
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the explanation the technical solution of the utility model, although by the utility model being described with reference to preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make various changes to it in the form and details, and the spirit and scope of the present utility model that do not depart from appended claims and limited.