CN201789030U - Zero emission hydrogen manufacturing, power generating and carbon producing device - Google Patents
Zero emission hydrogen manufacturing, power generating and carbon producing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201789030U CN201789030U CN2010202876506U CN201020287650U CN201789030U CN 201789030 U CN201789030 U CN 201789030U CN 2010202876506 U CN2010202876506 U CN 2010202876506U CN 201020287650 U CN201020287650 U CN 201020287650U CN 201789030 U CN201789030 U CN 201789030U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model relates to a zero emission hydrogen manufacturing, power generating and carbon producing device, which comprises three major systems, namely, a gas pyrolysis reactor, a PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) separation device, and a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) fuel cell device. Alkane gases such as natural gas, coal seam gas and biogas are blown into the gas pyrolysis reactor through a blower for catalytic decomposition; after the decomposition, tail gases enter into the PSA separation device after heat exchange and cooling; after separation, hydrogen enters into the PEM fuel cell device to generate electricity; and the raw gases which are not decomposed are mixed with a source gas and then enter into the next catalytic decomposition cycle, so as to realize the comprehensive utilization of the natural gas, the coal seam gas, and the biogas with zero emission and low energy consumption. Furthermore, the catalytic pyrolysis temperature can be changed according to catalyst materials of different systems, so that nanocarbon materials in products can be automatically collected; and secondary catalytic decomposition of the incompletely decomposed raw gases is achieved after the PSA separation, so as to guarantee complete zero emission.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Zero emission device that is used for natural gas, coal bed gas, biogas hydrogen production from catalytic pyrolysis generating power and producing carbon, i.e. zero emission device for preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing carbon.
Background technology
So-called " zero discharge " be meant ad infinitum reduce pollutant and can source emission until the activity that is zero, promptly utilize cleaner production, 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) and technology such as ecological industry, realization is recycling fully to natural resources, thereby does not leave over any discarded object to atmosphere, water body and soil.So zero discharge with regard to its content, on the one hand is will control to have no alternative but the waste discharge that produces in the production process, and it is reduced to zero; Be that the discarded object of will have no alternative but discharge makes full use of on the other hand, finally eliminate the existence of the non-renewable resources and the energy.With regard to its process, be meant that the discarded object that will discharge in a kind of industry production process becomes the raw material or the fuel of another kind of industry, thereby form industrial ecosystem by the recycling related industry that makes.Technically, in the industry production process, certain natural law is all followed in the conversion of energy, the energy, resource, and resource conversion is that various energy, various energy transform mutually, raw material are converted into product, all can not realize 100% conversion.According to the law of conservation of energy and the law of conservation of matter, the part of its loss finally enters environment with forms such as water, gas, sound, slag, heat.Environmental Protection in China work is started late, and with existing technology, economic condition, accomplishes that really the discarded object of will have no alternative but discharge reduces to zero, is extremely difficult.Some enterprise has realized so-called " zero discharge " by to haveing no alternative but making full use of of discharged waste, has also just changed mode, channel and the node of pollutant emission, and some pollutants finally will enter environment.In this sense, real " zero discharge " is state a kind of theory, desirable.
Since the seventies in 20th century indivedual industrial departments just grope " zero discharge ", mainly referring to does not at that time have waste water to discharge from factory, all waste water are through secondary or three grades of sewage disposals, except the just only remaining waste residue that is converted into solid of reuse.A Belgian enterpriser Gunter Pauli established " meeting of zero discharge research innovation funds " ZERI (Zero Emissions Research Initiatives) by 1994, and just handle " zero discharge " rises to a kind of theoretical system from the activity of indivedual dispersions.The United Nations had been duly admitted " zero discharge " notion in 1998, and began to carry out pilot with ZERI foundation cooperation.General headquarters in 1999 are built up in Japanese United Nations University and have set up " United Nations University/zero discharge forum ", this forum in 2007 and China State Development and Reform Commission person understand resources conservation and cooperate with environmental protection department, hold " develop a circular economy, promote the refuse zero discharge " forum in Beijing.
In view of " zero discharge " talked about on the current Chinese society main still " discharge of wastewater is zero " on the primitive meaning, be called for short ZLD (Zero Liguid Discharge).Zero-discharge technology is that the integrated application film separates, physics such as evaporative crystallization and/or drying, chemistry, biochemical process, solid impurity in the middle of the waste water is concentrated into very high concentration, most of water has returned circulating and recovering, the remaining water of following solid waste on a small quantity, can select in the following outlet a kind of according to each enterprise's concrete condition, (this " zero discharge " decision-making should be considered the factor of following three broad aspect at least: environmental requirement-Financial cost (enterprise competitiveness)-production safety) along with expanding economy, the mankind press for the clean free of contamination energy of exploitation and needn't discharge system.
Hydrogen as energy source has been subjected to people's great attention as cleaning secondary energy sources efficiently as far back as the seventies in 20th century, and its purposes mainly contains the following aspects: hydrogen is used for space flight industries such as space shuttle, rocket as a kind of high-energy fuel; Hydrogen has been widely used in electron trade as protective gas; In fields such as metallurgy, chemical industry, hydrogen is used for the smelting of metal and synthesizing of chemical products as reducing agent and raw material, is widely used in the hydrogen storage material performance study simultaneously.Along with the fast development of fuel cell technology with and manufacturing technology ripe day by day, highly purified hydrogen is widely used in the fuel of fuel cell.At present, the method of hydrogen manufacturing mainly contains water electrolysis method, photodissociation water law, carbon and hydrocarbon preparing synthetic gas by reforming method and catalystic pyrolysis etc., wherein, the hydrogen manufacturing of hydrocarbon preparing synthetic gas by reforming method is the most frequently used method of current extensive hydrogen manufacturing, yet the shortcoming of synthesis gas method hydrogen manufacturing is to generate CO, CO
2And H
2Mixture, separation difficulty, the hydrogen manufacturing cost is its most fatal weakness, and, for the use (H of hydrogen fuel cell
2Middle CO concentration is less than 20 * 10
-5) and industrial production to the demand of clean hydrogen, CO must be from H
2In remove.In recent years, methane catalytic decomposition hydrogen manufacturing had become the focus of research, by cracking CH
4Can prepare the not H of carbon oxide
2(can directly use) and carbon nano-tube (CNTs by the PEMFC fuel cell, have very good mechanical strength, conductivity and thermal conductivity), owing to can obtain this two kinds of very important products simultaneously, so this technology path has caused many researchers' attention.This technology still is in the conceptual phase at present, because problems such as catalyst and system design, and fail to realize simultaneously the preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing material with carbon element, and adopt alkanes gas former (natural gas, coal bed gas, biogas) catalytic pyrolysis preparing hydrogen production device mostly to be open cracking apparatus, because catalyst life is limited, can not realize serialization production, and conversion ratio not high (mostly below 60%), after the cracking in the tail gas carbon dioxide isothermal chamber gas content after residual methane gas and the cracking higher, and truly the zero discharge of being unrealized.
Summary of the invention
The utility model is at the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of alkane hydrogen class gases such as natural gas, coal bed gas, biogas that are used for by gas cracking reactor, PSA transformation adsorption separation device and PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device, can realize catalytic pyrolysis to natural gas, coal bed gas, biogas, the hydrogen that produces after to cracking when obtaining the graphitization nano material with carbon element of high added value generates electricity, and realizes the comprehensive utilization to natural gas, coal bed gas, biogas zero discharge, low energy consumption.
Zero emission device for preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing carbon is made up of gas cracking reactor, PSA transformation adsorption separation device and PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device three big systems.
Wherein the unstripped gas storage tank is communicated with exhaust gas heat exchanger by the air inlet blower fan, exhaust gas heat exchanger is communicated with the gas cracking reactor by heat exchange triple valve, triple valve, MFM mass flowmenter, realization is produced the carbon process to the circulation catalytic decomposition hydrogen manufacturing of alkane hydrogen class gas in the unstripped gas storage tank, it is graphitization nano onion carbon that this process produces carbon, the gas cracking reactor is communicated with exhaust gas heat exchanger by exhaust pipe, exhaust pipe is provided with the tail gas triple valve, and the source of the gas gas that exhaust gas heat exchanger is squeezed into the unstripped gas storage tank by the air inlet blower fan carries out heat exchange; Exhaust gas heat exchanger is provided with cooling blower, cooling blower is connected with PSA transformation adsorption separation device by air compressor, main effect is that natural gas, coal bed gas, the biogas tail gas after gas cracking reactor catalytic decomposition is passed through exhaust gas heat exchanger after the supercooling blower fan is cooled to below 40 ℃, pass through air compressor then, will enter PSA transformation adsorption separation device behind the tail gas boil down to 10bar; PSA transformation adsorption separation device links to each other with PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device through the blower fan of giving vent to anger, hydrogen triple valve, realizes that the hydrogen after the separation of PSA transformation adsorption separation device is entered PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device to generate electricity; PSA transformation adsorption separation device divided gas flow air exhauster on discharge duct communicates with the unstripped gas storage tank, is mixed into next catalytic decomposition process to separating back undecomposed natural gas, coal bed gas, biogas through the unstripped gas that divided gas flow air exhauster and unstripped gas storage tank are provided.
On the described gas cracking reactor thermocouple is installed, is used for gas cracking reactor furnace temperature is measured.
Described gas cracking reactor links to each other with afterheat heat exchanger by waste heat backheat pipeline, and to fail to reach the gas cracking reactor temperature required when temperature, then passes through waste heat backheat pipeline and enters afterheat heat exchanger and carry out heat exchange to supply catalytic pyrolysis temperature required.
Described gas cracking reactor links to each other with the air inlet blower fan by air intake control valve, is used for providing gas cracking reactor catalytic pyrolysis process required oxygen.
Described PSA transformation adsorption separation device pressure reduction is 3～10bar.
The utility model patent combines catalytic pyrolysis process, transformation adsorption separation process and PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device power generation process, to natural gas, coal bed gas, paraffin gas such as biogas blast the gas cracking reactor through blower fan and carry out catalytic decomposition, tail gas after the decomposition enters PSA transformation adsorption separation device through heat exchange with after cooling off, hydrogen after the separation enters PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device and generates electricity, enter next catalytic decomposition circulation after undecomposed unstripped gas and source of the gas gas mix, realize natural gas, coal bed gas, the biogas zero discharge, the comprehensive utilization of low energy consumption; Simultaneously,, can change the catalytic pyrolysis temperature, collect the nano-carbon material in the product automatically according to the catalyst material of different systems; For the unstrpped gas of not decomposing fully, decompose through carrying out quadric catalysis after the transformation adsorbing separation, to guarantee to realize 100% zero discharge.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model patent
Wherein, 1, unstripped gas storage tank; 2, air inlet blower fan; 3, the blower fan of giving vent to anger; 4, triple valve; 5, the MFM mass flowmenter 5; 6, gas cracking reactor; 7, tail gas triple valve 8, exhaust gas heat exchanger; , 9, cooling blower; 10, air compressor; 11, PSA transformation adsorption separation device; 12, divided gas flow air exhauster 13, hydrogen triple valve; 14, PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device; 15, thermocouple; 16, air inlet blower fan; 17, air intake control valve; 18, heat exchange triple valve; 19, afterheat heat exchanger; 20, waste heat backheat pipeline.
Embodiment
Be performed such in implementation process: source of the gas gas enters exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 by air inlet blower fan 2 in the unstripped gas storage tank 1, carry out heat exchange with the source of the gas gas in the unstripped gas storage tank 1, gas is by heat exchange triple valve 18 after the heat exchange, triple valve 4, MFM mass flowmenter 5 is communicated with gas cracking reactor 6, realization is produced the carbon process to the circulation catalytic decomposition hydrogen manufacturing of alkane hydrogen class gas in the unstripped gas storage tank 1, it is graphitization nano onion carbon that this process produces carbon, tail gas after the catalytic decomposition enters through tail gas triple valve 7 that source of the gas gas carries out heat exchange in exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 and the unstripped gas storage tank 1, finishes the hydrogen manufacturing that once circulates and produces the carbon process; Natural gas, coal bed gas, the biogas tail gas process exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 after gas cracking reactor 6 catalytic decomposition is after supercooling blower fan 9, after being cooled to below 40 ℃ through air compressor 10, PSA transformation adsorption separation device 11 will be entered behind the tail gas boil down to 10bar, hydrogen after the separation links to each other with PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device 14 through the blower fan 3 of giving vent to anger, hydrogen triple valve 13, realizes that the hydrogen after 11 separation of PSA transformation adsorption separation device is entered PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device 14 to generate electricity; Undecomposed natural gas after 12 pairs of separation of divided gas flow air exhauster on the PSA transformation adsorption separation device 11, coal bed gas, biogas are mixed into next catalytic decomposition process through the unstripped gas that divided gas flow air exhauster and unstripped gas storage tank 1 are provided.
Source of the gas is measured by thermocouple 15 through exhaust gas heat exchanger 8 back temperature in the gas cracking reactor 6,6 warm stoves are temperature required if temperature fails to reach the gas cracking reactor, then enter afterheat heat exchanger 19 through waste heat backheat pipeline 20 and carry out heat exchange to supply catalytic pyrolysis temperature required.
The utility model is the hydrogen production from catalytic pyrolysis generating power and producing carbon Zero emission device that is used for natural gas, coal bed gas, biogas, there are not gases such as carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide to discharge in the whole implementation process, do not have methane isothermal chamber gas to discharge yet, realize real no gaseous emission, realize zero discharge.Source of the gas gas is example with methane, and at normal pressure, 800 ℃ of following catalytic pyrolysis, methane conversion is 90%, near theoretical yield (92.9%), is 20.5% according to energy net profit in the whole process.The carbon that produces is high-graphitized nano-onions carbon.
Claims (4)
1. zero emission device for preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing carbon is characterized in that: be made up of gas cracking reactor, PSA transformation adsorption separation device and PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device three big systems;
Wherein the unstripped gas storage tank is communicated with exhaust gas heat exchanger by the air inlet blower fan, exhaust gas heat exchanger is communicated with the gas cracking reactor by heat exchange triple valve, triple valve, MFM mass flowmenter, the gas cracking reactor is communicated with exhaust gas heat exchanger by exhaust pipe, and exhaust pipe is provided with the tail gas triple valve; Exhaust gas heat exchanger is provided with cooling blower, and cooling blower is connected with PSA transformation adsorption separation device by air compressor; PSA transformation adsorption separation device links to each other with PEM Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells device through the blower fan of giving vent to anger, hydrogen triple valve; PSA transformation adsorption separation device divided gas flow air exhauster on discharge duct communicates with the unstripped gas storage tank.
2. zero emission device for preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing carbon as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: on the described gas cracking reactor thermocouple is installed.
3. zero emission device for preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing carbon as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described gas cracking reactor links to each other with afterheat heat exchanger by waste heat backheat pipeline.
4. zero emission device for preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing carbon as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described PSA transformation adsorption separation device pressure reduction is 3～10bar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202876506U CN201789030U (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2010-08-02 | Zero emission hydrogen manufacturing, power generating and carbon producing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202876506U CN201789030U (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2010-08-02 | Zero emission hydrogen manufacturing, power generating and carbon producing device |
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|---|---|
| CN201789030U true CN201789030U (en) | 2011-04-06 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202876506U Expired - Fee Related CN201789030U (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2010-08-02 | Zero emission hydrogen manufacturing, power generating and carbon producing device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101913559A (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2010-12-15 | 无锡诚信碳材料科技有限公司 | Zero emission device for preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing carbon |
| US9862606B1 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2018-01-09 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon allotropes |
| US10428197B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2019-10-01 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon and elastomer integration |
| CN112186227A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-05 | 山西大学 | Method for generating electricity by using medium-high temperature fuel cell from low-concentration coal bed gas |
| US10920035B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2021-02-16 | Lyten, Inc. | Tuning deformation hysteresis in tires using graphene |
| CN115259085A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-11-01 | 广东能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of high-purity hydrogen |
-
2010
- 2010-08-02 CN CN2010202876506U patent/CN201789030U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101913559A (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2010-12-15 | 无锡诚信碳材料科技有限公司 | Zero emission device for preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing carbon |
| CN101913559B (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2013-05-22 | 无锡诚信碳材料科技有限公司 | Zero emission device for preparing hydrogen, generating power and producing carbon |
| US10428197B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2019-10-01 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon and elastomer integration |
| US10920035B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2021-02-16 | Lyten, Inc. | Tuning deformation hysteresis in tires using graphene |
| US11008436B2 (en) | 2017-03-16 | 2021-05-18 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon and elastomer integration |
| US9862606B1 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2018-01-09 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon allotropes |
| US10112837B2 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2018-10-30 | Lyten, Inc. | Carbon allotropes |
| US11053121B2 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2021-07-06 | Lyten, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cracking of a process gas |
| CN112186227A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-05 | 山西大学 | Method for generating electricity by using medium-high temperature fuel cell from low-concentration coal bed gas |
| CN115259085A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-11-01 | 广东能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of high-purity hydrogen |
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Legal Events
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110406 Termination date: 20110802 |