Background technology
At present in countries in the world along with the increase of urban population and the raising of people's consuming capacity, the domestic waste quantity discharged increases greatly, has also become a global problem for the processing of domestic refuse.And solve this difficult problem in the more apparent complexity of China, because China's domestic waste severity of mixing up height, raw refuse classification degree is low, thereby difficult more when handling.Scholar both domestic and external for many years, entrepreneur, government have carried out many discussions to this, proposed many solutions.
Chinese patent 200410011274.7 discloses " a kind of rubbish moulded coal and production method ", this method is added carbonaceous material and caking agent with domestic refuse after classification, pulverizing, push down or impact briquetting through condition of high voltage then as coke powder, coal, Graphite Powder 99, colliery powder and cement.The rubbish moulded coal cost high heating value that this method is produced is low, and combustion efficacy is poor.Chinese patent 200810056385.8 disclosed " garbage derivatived fuel and preparation method thereof ", it is that the combustible portion in the rubbish is crushed to below the 3mm, adds coal and calcareous material and pressure forming then.Forming composition is cellular, particulate state or block shape.Chinese patent 200910012799.5 disclosed a kind of " method of recycling domestic garbage and preparing solid fuel ".The rubbish combustiblematerials is mixed the High Temperature High Pressure compacted under with ammonium nitrate, ferric oxide, magnesium oxide, coal slime and lime.Chinese patent 200910012593.2 disclosed " coal-fired and flammable clean rubbish is produced the regenerated fuel method ", it mixes the stirring back with fire coal and mixes aftershaping with a certain proportion of Organic Chemicals with flammable regenerated waste, and then forms through the whiteruss immersion.This garbage fuel adopts the Organic Chemicals of vast scale as binding agent, and by mould molding, its cost is higher, is difficult to promote on a large scale.Above-mentioned rubbish is the fuel that main raw material is made, also having distinct issues is to have harmful substances in the rubbish and wherein can distribute stench, in garbage fuel production and use, can give out harmful or foul gas, contaminate environment, also cause garbage fuel not to enter family or community, can only be used for industrial application.
Summary of the invention
The utility model proposes a kind of household refuse organic compound fuel production equipment system, solved the deficiency that prior art exists in handling the domestic refuse process.
Described household refuse organic compound fuel production equipment system, comprise garbage sorting device, shredder assembly, deironing apparatus, mixing device and shaped device and baking, it is characterized in that described device systems is made up of garbage sorting device, deironing apparatus, shredder assembly, second deironing apparatus, device for pulverizing rubbish, mixed stirring device and roller-compaction device and high bake device successively.Wherein between garbage sorting device, first deironing apparatus, shredder assembly, second deironing apparatus and device for pulverizing rubbish, be provided with rotary conveyor, between mixed stirring device and roller-compaction device, be provided with belt and carry installation, link to each other by transport tube between described device for pulverizing rubbish and the mixed stirring device.
Described household refuse organic compound fuel production equipment system is characterized in that described shredder assembly is a roll crusher, and described device for pulverizing rubbish is a shear pulverizer, and described roller-compaction device is the rolling shaper.
Described household refuse organic compound fuel production equipment system, it is characterized in that described roll crusher is the biconjugate roll crusher, in described biconjugate roll crusher, include, following two presetting roller blade shredder assemblys, reduction unit output shaft wherein is connected with an end of following pair roller main drive shaft, the other end of following pair roller main drive shaft is equipped with drive sprocket, corresponding end at last pair roller main drive shaft is equipped with driven sprocket, there is chain to be connected between drive sprocket and the driven sprocket, rotate for differential between described drive sprocket and driven sprocket, and the drive sprocket rotating speed is faster than the driven sprocket rotating speed, and the two rotating ratio is 28.8: 25.2.
Described household refuse organic compound fuel production equipment system, it is characterized in that described shear pulverizer, comprise frame, power system, charging and discharging mouth and by main shaft and be fixed on the shredding unit that the shear knife on the main shaft constitutes, it between the charging and discharging mouth material channel of a sealing, shredding unit is positioned near the inner opening for feed of material channel, is provided with centrifugal blower in discharge port one side.The shredding unit bottom is provided with sieve plate, in the sieve plate bottom worm conveyor is arranged.
Described household refuse organic compound fuel production equipment system, it is characterized in that described rolling shaper, comprise the moulding mill disc, on the moulding mill disc, be shaped on the moulding hole, main shaft is positioned at the central authorities of moulding mill disc, be fixed with two cantilever shafts on main shaft top, end two cantilever shafts is fixed with rolling respectively, be provided with the fuel stick cutting unit in moulding mill disc bottom, this fuel stick cutting unit comprises a calibration dial that is socketed on the main shaft, a slider disc that is fixed on the calibration dial, side in slider disc is fixed with cutters by the cutting knife bar, the opposite side of slider disc is fixed with switch-plate, is shaped on the circular arc reference circle on the calibration dial, and power set drives this fuel stick cutting unit work by the circular arc reference circle.
Household refuse organic compound fuel production equipment system of the present utility model, simple in structure, major equipments such as disintegrating apparatus, equipment for removing ferric ion and molding device are connected by rotary conveyor, promptly constitute a closed garbage fuel special production line.Equipment cost is low, and use cost is also low, the whole process of production complete mechanicalization, and automatization has alleviated labor strength, has reduced production cost.The product of producing can satisfy user's needs fully.
Embodiment
Below household refuse organic compound fuel production equipment system of the present utility model is elaborated.
Production of the present invention is the Special Equipment system of the fuel of main raw material making with the domestic refuse, and major equipment comprises garbage sorting device 1, deironing apparatus 3, roll crusher 4, the second deironing apparatus 6, shear pulverizer 12, batch mixing stirrer 7, rolling shaper 9 and apparatus for baking 8 are formed.
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of Special Equipment of the present invention, this system device comprises garbage sorting device 1 successively, combustiblematerials in the rubbish after sorting is sent into garbage raw material storehouse 2 through rotary conveyor 13, delivering to deironing apparatus 3 again sends into roll crusher 4 and is crushed to fragment less than 30mm after the high-intensity magnetic field deironing, enter second deironing apparatus 6 then through particle storehouse 5 and further do magnetic deironing, enter shear pulverizer 12 then, further shear the rubbish fragment that becomes less than 5mm.Above-mentioned rubbish fragment directly enters batch mixing stirrer 7 by transport tube 11, in the batch mixing stirrer with granularity through pulverizing less than the former coal dust of 3mm, humic acid powder and sodium hydroxide, unslaked lime mixes and add suitable quantity of water stirs.It is different that the amount of wherein adding water is looked the degree of drying of raw material, usually between the 3-10% of each raw material gross weight.Batch mixing after the stirring enters rolling shaper 9 behind roller-compaction through blending bunker 10; deliver to apparatus for baking 8 through 250-300 ℃ of temperature baking 20-30 minute; owing to contain organism fragments such as a certain amount of plastics, rubber in the fuel stick; after the said temperature baking, form a crust layer at fuel rod surface; this crust layer has protected extraneous moisture can not enter fuel stick inside; even also can not be out of shape when fuel stick water, defeated and dispersed, made things convenient for transportation and deposited.
Above-mentioned each equipment all can be buied by market, and wherein roll crusher, shear pulverizer, rolling shaper improve on the prior art basis, below are elaborated.
Fig. 2-3 is depicted as biconjugate roller refuse breaking apparatus structure synoptic diagram, and figure mid frame 21 has a workplatform 22 on frame, be furnished with motor 210 on workplatform, shaft joint 211, speed reduction unit 212 and second shaft joint 213.Frame is provided with pair roller 215 and following pair roller 214, and shear knife is housed on pair roller.Second shaft joint 213 is connected with the main drive shaft of following pair roller 214, at the other end that descends pair roller 214 main drive shafts a drive sprocket 218 is housed, and correspondence is equipped with by 217, two sprocket wheels of movable sprocket and links to each other by chain on the main drive shaft of last pair roller 215.
During work, motor 210 rotates by shaft joint 211 drive speed reduction units 212, and speed reduction unit 212 is given pair roller main drive shaft 27 and pair roller driven axle 23 rotations under gear driven down by second shaft joint 213 with transmission of power.Following pair roller also drives drive sprocket 217 and rotates by chain drive driven sprocket 217 when rotating, the driven sprocket drive is gone up pair roller main drive shaft 26 and then rotated by action roller driven axle on the gear driven 24.Garbage raw material falls into pair roller 215 through fall into down behind the shearing-crushing on the pair roller 214 thereupon from hopper 25, and warp is the shearing-crushing second time of pair roller 214 down, and garbage raw material reaches broken requirement.
For the rubbish that does not make primary crushing falls back accumulation on following pair roller 214, design pair roller rotating speed down guarantees the timely fast processing of rubbish quilt that falls faster than last pair roller.In addition, in order to strengthen the breaking capacity of pair roller, increase crushing effect, the drive roll and the rotating speed between driven roll of upper and lower pair roller are designed to the differential rotation, make pair roller when rubbish is sheared, also have role of tear, be difficult to broken rubbish such as sole, tire etc. and obtain crushing effect preferably to guarantee some.
Shown in Figure 4 is the shear pulverizer structural representation, and this pulverizer is by frame 48, the power system that motor cabinet and the motor that is fixed in the above, step-down gear, transmission mechanism etc. constitute.Described household garbage grinder has opening for feed and discharge port, is the material channel of a sealing between opening for feed and the discharge port wherein, and this closed channel is welded by steel plate, and all seams are sealed by sealing material.A movable loam cake is arranged at the top of material channel, and it can open at the loam cake inwall bracing frame.When break down in pulverizer inside, movable loam cake can be drawn back and keep in repair.Constitute shredding unit by main shaft 42 and the shear knife 43 that is fixed on the main shaft, it is provided with opening for feed one side in the material channel, surely sieve plate 45 is arranged in the shredding unit bottom with shear knife 43 is same at a distance of the 20-50mm position, is shaped on sieve aperture on the sieve plate, aperture 10-50mm.Worm conveyor 47 is arranged at the sieve plate bottom, with worm conveyor joins discharge nozzle 415 is arranged, and the discharge nozzle end is an air outlet, is provided with centrifugal blower 421 near the air outlet.
During work, starter motor, drive main shaft 42 and shear knife 43 rotations by deceleration device, feed belt, centrifugal blower 421 work simultaneously, form the negative pressure of direction towards discharge port this moment in material channel, raw material is from falling into after opening for feed enters material channel on the shredding unit by shear knife 43 choppings of high speed rotating, less than the fragment in aperture on the sieve plate 45 because of suction function, fall on the bottom worm conveyor 47 through sieve aperture, be transported in the discharge nozzle 415 and and discharge from discharge port.Those bigger fragments are discharged from sieve aperture after continuing to be sheared cutter on the sieve plate to cut into fritter.Owing to have negative pressure in the material channel, so material can not form accumulation in passage, pulverized material can be in the very first time by from the discharge port sucking-off.
Material through shearing after pulverizing is entered in the mixed stirring device by discharge nozzle 415, in this device, add carbonaceous fuel, humic acids, sodium hydroxide, unslaked lime and suitable quantity of water and mix stirring, the compound that stirs is sent into feed bin or directly enter to grind and take moulding in the shaper by force.Described rolling and forming machine is the rolling shaper.Its structure as shown in Figure 5.
Shown in Figure 5 is rolling shaping machine structure synoptic diagram, it comprises frame 521, on frame, be fixed with motor 522, step-down gear 527 and shaft coupling 526, in frame central authorities main shaft 523 is arranged, on main shaft, be fixed with moulding mill disc 528, main shaft top also is fixed with two cantilever shafts 516, is fixed with rolling 524 respectively in the end of two cantilever shafts 516, between above-mentioned rolling 524 and the moulding mill disc 528 the 3-10 mm clearance is arranged.The moulding hole 529 that is shaped on moulding mill disc 528 also is provided with guard shield 520 on the cantilever shafts 516.
Be provided with a shaped fuel rod cutting unit in moulding mill disc 528 bottoms, this cutting unit comprises a calibration dial 51, it is socketed on the main shaft 523 by slip cap, on the calibration dial, be fixed with slider disc 54, wherein a side of slider disc 54 is fixed with a cutting knife bar, end at the cutting knife bar is fixed with cutters 510, and described cutters 510 have the corresponding of a female tool bit and moulding hole 529.The opposite side of slider disc 54 is provided with a zigzag switch-plate 56, and its underpart driving lever places in the stock pan.Equidistantly on the excircle of calibration dial be shaped on 15 circular arc reference circles, the quantity of described reference circle can design as requested, can how also can lack.Also have standing bolt and limit for height cover among the figure.Side at the circular arc reference circle has thumb wheel axle 514, and the top of thumb wheel axle is fixed with thumb wheel 512 and circular arc reference circle coupling, and the bottom of thumb wheel axle is fixed with a sprocket wheel 58, links to each other with drive-motor by chain.
During work, main shaft 523 drives rolling 524 and rotates on moulding mill disc 528, raw material on the dish is entered moulding hole 529 after rolling be shaped to fuel stick, when fuel stick length reaches design length, start cutting motor, power drives sprocket wheel 58 and 514 rotations of thumb wheel axle through chain, driving calibration dial 51 by thumb wheel 512 by the reference circle with its coupling rotates, the slider disc 54 and the cutters 510 that drive simultaneously on it rotate, cutters cut off the shaped fuel rod and fall in the stock pan, by switch-plate 56 fuel stick in the stock pan are allocated to feed opening and directly enter in the packing bag.