CN201763505U - Water turbine capable of being automatically adjusted following with water level - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water turbine which is automatically adjusted with the water level. A floating boat is arranged at the bottom of the supporting frame of the water turbine; a guide frame is provided at both ends of the horizontal axis, and an opening perpendicular to the water surface is arranged on the guide frame, and the horizontal axis crosses the opening and is arranged between the two guide frames. The disc is arranged inside the two guide frames. The water turbine of the utility model can adjust the rotation position of the impeller according to the water level of the river, so that it is suitable for the wet season and the dry season, and the utilization rate is high.

Description

Water turbine automatically adjusted with water level

technical field

The utility model relates to a water turbine which can be automatically adjusted according to the water level, and belongs to the technical field of water turbine power generation.

Background technique

A water turbine is a power machine that converts the energy of water flow into rotational mechanical energy. As early as around 100 BC, the prototype of a water turbine—the water wheel—appeared in China, which was used to lift irrigation and drive grain processing equipment. Most modern water turbines are installed in hydropower stations to drive generators to generate electricity. In a hydropower station, the water in the upstream reservoir is led to the turbine through the diversion pipe, which drives the turbine runner to rotate and drives the generator to generate electricity. The water that has done work is discharged downstream through the tail water pipe. The higher the water head and the greater the flow, the greater the output power of the turbine.

However, large-scale water turbine equipment is not suitable for small and medium-sized rivers: the start-up velocity required by large-scale water turbines is far greater than the flow velocity of river water in small and medium-sized rivers; , making its water turbine suitable for small and medium rivers. Practice has proved that the utilization rate of hydroelectric generators erected in small and medium-sized rivers is not high. The water level hinders the operation of the hydroelectric generator; in the dry season, the water level is lower, and the water level will be lower than the minimum water level of the turbine, making it completely impossible to use the water flow to generate electricity. It can be seen from this that the bottleneck in the development of small and medium water flow power generation lies in whether the water turbine can adapt to the change of water level.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a water turbine that can be automatically adjusted with the water level.

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

A water turbine that can automatically adjust with the water level, including a support frame, a horizontal shaft, and an impeller, wherein a horizontal shaft is horizontally arranged between two support frames, and the horizontal shaft is connected with the support frame through a bearing; an impeller is arranged on the horizontal shaft, and the impeller includes The petiole and the blade, the blade is fixedly connected to the horizontal shaft through the petiole, and the characteristic is that a floating boat is arranged at the bottom of the support frame; a guide frame is respectively provided at both ends of the horizontal shaft, and an opening perpendicular to the water surface is provided on the guide frame , the horizontal axis crosses the opening and is arranged between the two guide frames, and the torque disc is arranged on the horizontal axis inside the two guide frames. The utility model utilizes the floating boat to hold up the supporting frame to make it float on the water surface and adjust it at any time with the change of the water level; guide frames are arranged at both ends of the horizontal axis to play a fixing role, so that the utility model can only be adjusted with the water level. The water level is adjusted up and down, and it will not drift anywhere, ensuring the stability of the turbine.

The support frame is also provided with struts, and the length of the struts is greater than or equal to the radius of the impeller. The effect of setting the struts is that when the water level drops to a low water level, the water turbine can continue to work without touching the bottom under the support of the struts.

The guide frame is a frame of steel structure, a frame of high-strength plastic steel or a wall of reinforced concrete. The guide frame is fixedly arranged on the river bed to ensure the normal operation of the water turbine. The walls built with reinforced concrete can also play a role in guiding the water flow, increasing the flow rate and velocity of the water flow between the two walls, thereby increasing the driving force for the water turbine.

The number of groups of the impellers is 3-5 groups; each group of impellers is provided with 3-7 blades, and the number of blades provided in each group of impellers is the same.

The blades are dustpan-shaped.

The number of impeller groups is 3 groups, and each group of impellers is equipped with 5 blades. The angle between the two adjacent petioles of the same group of impellers is 72 degrees, and the angle between the petioles of two adjacent impellers is 24 degrees. Three sets of impellers are preferred, so that the length of the horizontal shaft is moderate to ensure that the horizontal shaft can work normally within the rigid range; each set of impellers is equipped with 5 blades to facilitate the balance of the shaft system. The included angle between the petioles of two adjacent impellers is 24 degrees. From the side of the turbine, it can be seen that the 360 degrees of the entire impeller are divided equally by 15 petioles, so that the force density of the turbine is increased and uniform, and the horizontal axis will not be increased. To ensure the balance and stability of the shaft system.

Experiments have shown that 3 sets of impellers are set on the horizontal axis, each set of impellers is set with 5 blades, and the petioles and blades are set at 15 angles in total. The rate is also high and the stability is good.

The length of the horizontal axis is 3-5 meters, and the diameter of the moment disk is 25-40 cm.

The petiole has a length of 2 to 3 meters.

The method for generating electricity using the above water turbine, the steps are as follows:

1) Fix the low-speed permanent magnet generator on the floating boat, and connect the torque disc of the water turbine with the low-speed permanent magnet generator set;

2) When the water velocity is greater than or equal to 2m/s, the impeller of the water turbine starts to rotate;

3) The rotation of the impeller drives the torque disc to rotate, and the torque disc is connected with the low-speed permanent magnet generator to drive the generator set to generate electricity.

The range of water velocity in step 2) is: 2m/s-20m/s, and the rotational speed of the impeller is 6-7 rpm.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1) This utility model is suitable for power generation in small and medium-sized rivers, and the water flow velocity only needs to be greater than or equal to 2m/s to generate electricity;

2) The water turbine of the utility model has compact and reasonable design, low failure rate, simple and convenient transportation, installation and maintenance, and is economical and applicable.

3) The water turbine of the present utility model can adjust the rotation position of the impeller according to the water level of the river, so that it is suitable for the wet season and the dry season, and the utilization rate is high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the mechanism schematic diagram of the utility model water turbine;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the impeller mechanism of the present invention.

In Figures 1-2, 1. Support frame; 2. Horizontal axis; 3. Water surface; 4. Moment disc; 5. Petiole; 6. Blade; 7. Strut; 8. Floating boat; , Opening; 11, Bearing.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment the utility model is further described, but not limited thereto.

The blades described in the embodiments are all dustpan-shaped.

Embodiment 1,

A water turbine that can automatically adjust with the water level, including a support frame 1, a horizontal shaft 2, and an impeller, wherein a horizontal shaft 2 is horizontally arranged between two support frames 1, and the horizontal shaft 2 is connected to the support frame 1 through a bearing 11; the horizontal shaft 2 is provided with a torque disc 4; the horizontal shaft 2 is provided with an impeller, the impeller includes a petiole 5 and a blade 6, and the blade 6 is fixedly connected with the horizontal shaft 2 through the petiole 5, and the feature is that a floating boat 8 is arranged at the bottom of the support frame 1 The two ends of the horizontal axis 2 are respectively provided with a guide frame 9, the guide frame 9 is provided with an opening 10 perpendicular to the water surface, the horizontal axis 2 crosses the opening 10 and is arranged between the two guide frames 9, and the torque disc 4 It is arranged on the horizontal shaft 2 inside the two guide frames 9 .

A strut 7 is also arranged on the support frame 1, and the length of the strut 7 is greater than or equal to the radius of the impeller.

Described guide frame 9 is the body of wall of reinforced concrete.

The number of impeller groups is 3 groups, and each group of impellers is provided with 5 blades. The angle between two adjacent petioles 5 of the same group of impellers is 72 degrees, and the angle between the petioles 5 of two adjacent impellers is 24 degrees.

It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the 360 degrees of the entire impeller are equally divided by 15 petioles 5, so that the collection density of the water turbine collection is increased, the collection is uniform, and the burden on the horizontal axis will not be increased, ensuring the balance and stability of the shaft system.

Experiments show that 3 groups of impellers are arranged on the horizontal axis 2, and each group of impellers is provided with 5 petioles 5 and blades 6, and the petioles 5 and blades 6 are arranged at 15 angles in total. And the condition of the blade is uniform, the water energy utilization rate is also high, and it is more stable.

The horizontal axis 2 is 3 meters long, and the diameter of the torque disc 4 is 30 cm.

The length of the petiole 5 is 2 meters.

The working principle of the water turbine of the present embodiment:

During the wet season, the floating boat 8 rises with the water surface under the action of buoyancy, and the supporting frame 1 also rises, and the horizontal axis 2 moves vertically upward under the guidance of the opening 10 of the guide frame 9. At the same time, the horizontal axis 2 The impeller on the top rotates normally under the promotion of water flow;

In the dry season, the floating boat 8 descends with the water surface under the action of buoyancy, and the supporting support frame 1 also descends, and the horizontal shaft 2 moves vertically downward under the guidance of the opening 10 of the guide frame 9. When the water level is too low, the support rod 7 Touch the bottom first, and fix and support the impeller at the normal working height. At the same time, the impeller on the horizontal shaft 2 rotates normally under the promotion of the water flow.

Utilize the method for generating electricity by the water turbine of embodiment 1, the steps are as follows:

1) The low-speed permanent magnet generator is fixedly arranged on the floating boat 8, and the torque disc 4 of the water turbine is connected with the low-speed permanent magnet generator set;

2) When the water flow speed is greater than or equal to 2m/s, the impeller of the water turbine starts to rotate; the water flow speed range is: 2m/s~20m/s, and the speed of the impeller is 6~7 rpm.

3) The rotation of the impeller drives the torque disc 4 to rotate, and the torque disc 4 is connected with the low-speed permanent magnet generator to drive the generator set to generate electricity.

Embodiment 2,

Water turbine as described in embodiment 1, difference is:

Five sets of impellers are arranged on the horizontal shaft 2, and each of the impellers has five blades. The included angle between two adjacent petioles 5 of the same group of impellers is 72 degrees, and the included angle between the petioles 5 of two adjacent impellers is 14.4 degrees.

It can be seen from the side of the water turbine that 360 degrees of the entire impeller is equally divided by 25 petioles 5, so the degree of the θ angle is 14.4 degrees.

Claims (7)

1. an energy comprises supporting frame, horizontal axis, impeller with the self-regulating water turbine of water level height, wherein is horizontally disposed with horizontal axis between two supporting frames, and horizontal axis links to each other with supporting frame by bearing; Horizontal axis is provided with the moment dish; Horizontal axis is provided with impeller, and impeller comprises petiole and blade, and blade pass is crossed petiole and fixedlyed connected with horizontal axis, it is characterized in that, a floating ship is set at the bottom of supporting frame; Be respectively equipped with a leading truck at the two ends of horizontal axis, leading truck is provided with an opening perpendicular to the water surface, and horizontal axis crosses opening and is arranged between two leading trucks, and the moment dish is arranged on the inboard of two leading trucks.

2. water turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with pole on the described supporting frame, and the length of pole is more than or equal to the radius of impeller.

3. water turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described leading truck is the support body of steel structure, the support body of high strength plastic-steel or the body of wall of reinforced concrete.

4. water turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the group number of described impeller is the 3-5 group; Every group of impeller is provided with 3～7 blades, and the blade quantity of every group of impeller setting is all identical.

5. water turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that being shaped as of described blade is dustpan-shaped.

6. water turbine according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the impeller sets number is 3 groups, and every group of impeller is equipped with 5 blades, and the angle number of degrees of adjacent two petioles of impeller are 72 degree on the same group, the angle number of degrees 24 degree of the petiole of adjacent two impellers.

7. water turbine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, 3～5 meters of described horizontal axial lengths, and the diameter of described moment dish is 25-40cm; The length of described petiole is 2～3 meters.

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