CN201756534U - Fixed bed biomass gas industrial boiler system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fixed bed biomass gas industrial boiler system which belongs to the field of biomass boiler devices. A fixed bed gasification furnace consisting of an inner cavity and an outer cavity is used as a gas generation system, and gas is sent to a boiler for combustion via a multi-stage purification system consisting of a Venturi scrubber, a cyclone separator and a water film scrubber. A carbon outlet system consists of an ash storage hopper, a spiral conveyor and an airlock, thereby realizing transportation and collection of biomass carbon ash and improving the economic benefits of the system. The system has the characteristics of stable device structure, comparatively convenient feeding, stable steam parameters generated by the boiler, no pollution during the operation of the device and the like, and can process a variety of biomass raw materials, such as rice hulls, straws, wood chips and the like.

Description

A kind of fixed bed biomass gas industry boiler systems

Technical field:

The utility model belongs to the biomass boiler technical field, particularly the biomass fixed-bed gasification boiler of cover system.

Background technology:

The kind that biomass are concrete is a lot, mainly refers to timber, farm crop (stalk, straw, straw, beans stalk, cotton stalk, husk etc.), weeds, algae etc.The biomass energy of China is also very abundant, the biomass resource that can be developed as the energy reaches more than 300,000,000 ton of mark coal, and along with the development of agricultural and forestry, particularly along with the develop and spread of speed life charcoal firewood woods, the biomass resource of China will get more and more, and very large development and utilization potentiality are arranged.

And the One's name is legion of industrial boilers in China consumes 400,000,000 tons in coal Industrial Boiler year, has caused a large amount of pollutions.If can realize the recovery energy of biomass resource, particularly wastage of material will be reduced in agricultural, production of forestry changing rejected material to useful resource, recovery energy field, the environmental pollution of avoiding open incinerations such as stalk to bring simultaneously.

Biomass gasification system is to utilize biomass pyrolytic and gasification technology, raw material carries out reactions such as oxidizing fire, reduction and thermolysis with air in vapourizing furnace, part material and airborne oxygen burn, reduction and pyrolysis energy needed are provided, and most of raw material carries out thermolysis under the high temperature anoxic condition.The solid low heat value biomass is converted into high-grade geseous fuel in vapourizing furnace, behind the gas process dedusting decoking wet goods purification process, becomes clean gas, can be used as the industrial combustion gas boiler oil.Can be widely used in the utilization of waste material and the processing of the cigarette muscle tobacco rod and the various agricultural crop straws of grain husk, wood working offal, papermaking waste material, tobacco leaf rebaking factory, be save energy, protection environment, the effective means that reduces production costs, increase the benefit.

The utility model content:

The fixed bed gasification boiler systems that the utility model relates to has characteristics such as device structure is stable, feed molar ratio is more convenient, owing to be little negative pressure operation, so have advantages such as easy to operate, safe and reliable to operation, good operating stability.Because the influence of factors such as vapourizing furnace capacity, fuel type difference, running status variation, the biological fuel gas calorific value is about 4000～6000kJ/Nm ³, gasification efficiency is between 60～75%.According to various model different characteristics, the fixed bed gasification boiler systems is with a wide range of applications at aspects such as rice source mill, timber mill and the stalk processing of part Rural areas, can produce remarkable economic efficiency and environmental benefit.

The utility model principal feature has three aspects: in adopt (1) the exocoel combination fixed bed biomass gasification furnace, made full use of the waste heat of combustion gas; (2) become out the charcoal system by cone storage ash bucket, spiral conveyer, Blowing stopper with the strength delivery groups, realize the remote conveying of charcoal ash, equipment can conveniently be arranged; (3) formed the gas-purification system by venturi scrubber, tornado dust collector and moisture film decoking device, gas-purification to satisfying the boiler requirement, has been realized non-pollution discharge.

Thickness of interlayer is between 150～300mm between vapourizing furnace outer wall 1 and the gasification stove internal wall 8, and the water flowing cooled inner wall prevents high temperature deformation and cracking in the interlayer.To add the biomass uniform distribution of vapourizing furnace by distributor 3, liftable distributor 3 be shaped as serpentine, its outer is 50～100mm apart from gasification stove internal wall 8 distances, the lifting of distributor is controlled by hydraulic efficiency plant.

The vapourizing furnace body is divided into storing district and reaction zone according to function, and the storing district is exactly that the pretreating zone of material is in the vapourizing furnace topmost, and reaction zone is to finish gasification territory, anti-producing region, directly influences gasification result.Along with gasification is carried out, the highly automated adjustment in reaction zone and storing district.The supply of vaporized chemical is the draft realization by induced draft fan 15, and gasifier operation is under the condition of little negative pressure.Vapourizing furnace is provided with venting 9, in case suck air and mix with combustible gas and cause gas expansion after being lighted, furnace chamber is interior to become malleation by original negative pressure in the stove, and gas at this moment will be overflowed from venting, thereby avoid the fuel ejection body of heater band fire in the stove, the venting water seals.

The vapourizing furnace gear leaks ash-pan 4 to be made by heat-resisting alloy steel, starts the drop-bottom drive-motor during ash discharge, promotes to leak grey disc spins by gear, reaches the charcoal purpose.Be a cone storage ash bucket 2 below the vapourizing furnace gear leakage ash-pan, storage ash bucket bottom is provided with the feeding mouth of worm conveyor 24.The carbon ash that falls into transfer roller is discharged out of the furnace through Blowing stopper 19 by handling machinery,, is packed after cyclonic separator 18 sedimentations fall into hopper to the charcoal room by air conveying, and fine dusts is through separator 23 sedimentation emptyings once more.

Constitute multistage gas-purification system by venturi scrubber, cyclonic separator and water dust scrubber, the combustion gas of coming out from vapourizing furnace is cooled off venturi scrubber 12 and is removed part dust and tar, pass through cyclonic separator 13 further dedustings again, do further cooling and remove tar by water dust scrubber 14 at last, the combustion gas of process purifying treatment enters boiler 16 and utilizes

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation and schema,

1, vapourizing furnace outer wall, 2, the storage ash bucket, 3, the liftable distributor, 4, gear leaks ash-pan, 5, motor, 6, operator's console, 7, lift, 8, gasification stove internal wall, 9, venting, 10, cooling-water pump, 11, electric control box, 12, venturi scrubber, 13, cyclonic separator, 14, water dust scrubber, 15, induced draft fan, 16, boiler, 17, air sealer, 18, cyclonic separator, 19, air sealer, 20, platform scale, 21, deposit ash bucket, 22, air sealer, 23, cyclonic separator, 24, worm conveyor.

Embodiment:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing detailed introduction is done in enforcement of the present utility model.

The needed biomass material that gasifies is mentioned the vapourizing furnace top by chapelet 7, enter in the vapourizing furnace by material blanking tube, thickness of interlayer is between 150～300mm between vapourizing furnace outer wall 1 and the gasification stove internal wall 8, and the water flowing cooled inner wall prevents high temperature deformation and cracking in the interlayer.By distributor 3 with the biomass uniform distribution, liftable distributor 3 be shaped as serpentine, its outer is 50～100mm apart from gasification stove internal wall 8 distances, the lifting of distributor is controlled by hydraulic efficiency plant.

Enter into biomass material in the vapourizing furnace at first in the superiors of material, promptly be in drying zone, owing to be subjected in the vapourizing furnace heat transfer of reactive fuel and hot gas, biomass material absorbs heat, evaporates moisture, becomes dry material.Along with the consumption of material, dry material moves down and carries out pyrolysis, and dry biomass is decomposed into charcoal, incoagulability volatile matter (combustible gas), condensability volatile matter (tar) etc. gradually, and the charcoal of generation continues to drop to oxidation zone.Oxygen generation combustion reactions in charcoal and the vaporized chemical generates carbonic acid gas and carbon monoxide, and emits a large amount of heats, and these heats have guaranteed carrying out smoothly of gasification whole process.Used up charcoal useless continues to move down into the reduction zone in the reaction, and the carbonic acid gas generation reduction reaction that generates with pyrolysis zone and oxidation zone generates carbon monoxide, and charcoal also generates hydrogen and carbon monoxide with steam reaction simultaneously.In the downdraft vapourizing furnace, air-flow flows downward, and enters exocoel by grate, and when the tar in the hot gas was flowed through oxidation zone, because the temperature height of oxidation zone, tar by this district the time cracking took place, and becomes inflammable gas.So the calorific value of the inflammable gas that the downdraft fixed-bed gasification furnace produces is higher relatively, and tar content is low.

The stage purification system that biological fuel gas that vapourizing furnace comes out is formed through venturi scrubber 12, cyclonic separator 13 and water dust scrubber 14 lowers the temperature and removes tar and dust, and the combustion gas of the purification of handling from purification system enters boiler 16 and uses.The vapourizing furnace gear leaks ash-pan 4 to be cast by heat resisting iron, starts the drop-bottom drive-motor during ash discharge, promotes to leak grey disc spins by gear, reaches the charcoal purpose.Storage ash bucket 2 leaks 4 times 500mm of ash-pan at gear, and conical surface inclination angle and horizontal plane angle are 40～60 °, is the feeding mouth of worm conveyor 24 below the cone.The carbon ash that falls into transfer roller is discharged out of the furnace through Blowing stopper 19 by handling machinery, and spiral conveyer axle and horizontal plane angle are 30 °～70 °.Charcoal ash is packed after cyclonic separator 18 sedimentations fall into hopper by air conveying to the charcoal room, and fine dusts is through separator 23 emptying after the sedimentation once more.

Claims (5)

1. fixed bed biomass gas industry boiler systems, by vapourizing furnace body, charging system, go out charcoal system, purification system and Industrial Boiler (16) and form, it is characterized in that: leak ash-pan (4) by vapourizing furnace outer wall (1), gasification stove internal wall (8) and gear and form the vapourizing furnace body; The charging system of forming by chapelet (7), material blanking tube and liftable distributor (3); By storage ash bucket (2), worm conveyor (24), Blowing stopper (17), cyclonic separator (18), air sealer (19), platform scale (20), deposit that ash bucket (21), induced draft fan (22), cyclonic separator (23) form go out the charcoal system; The gas-purification system that forms by venturi scrubber (12), tornado dust collector (13) and moisture film decoking device (14).

2. fixed bed biomass gas industry boiler systems according to claim 1 is characterised in that thickness of interlayer is between 150～300mm between vapourizing furnace outer wall (1) and the gasification stove internal wall (8), and the water flowing cooled inner wall prevents high temperature deformation and cracking in the interlayer.

3. fixed bed biomass gas industry boiler systems according to claim 1 is characterised in that the serpentine that is shaped as of liftable distributor (3), and its outer is 50～100mm apart from gasification stove internal wall 8 distances, and the lifting of distributor is controlled by hydraulic efficiency plant.

4. fixed bed biomass gas industry boiler systems according to claim 1 is characterised in that storage ash bucket (2) leaks ash-pan (4) 500mm down at gear, and conical surface inclination angle and horizontal plane angle are 40～60 °.

5. fixed bed biomass gas industry boiler systems according to claim 1 is characterised in that storage ash bucket (2) below connects worm conveyor (24), and spiral conveyer axle and horizontal plane angle are 30 °～70 °.