The biological filter waste disposal plant
Technical field
Utility model is the improvement to the biological filter waste disposal plant, relates in particular to a kind ofly can directly handle high concentration organic sewage (high SS, BOD, COD, NH
3-N, P) the biological filter waste disposal plant.
Background technology
The biological filter as a kind of efficiently, waste disposal plant cheaply, in sewage disposal, obtain paying attention to.Yet filtrate is stopped up and the minimizing backwash frequency for reducing, have relatively high expectations to handling water inlet SS, generally can not be greater than 100mg/l, if SS is too high in water inlet, need at pretreating devices such as preceding increase flocculation sediment or air supportings, thereby increased treatment facility, make floor space increase, be unfavorable for the miniaturization of treatment unit, also increased management difficulty simultaneously; Secondly, biological phosphate-eliminating, the dephosphorization bacterial anaerobic phosphorus release is just to begin to carry out after the nitric nitrogen denitrification is finished basically, high nitrogenous effluent need consume a large amount of carbon sources when denitrification denitrogenation, and anaerobic phosphorus release also need consume a certain amount of carbon source, cause the carbon source deficiency, therefore be difficult to realize synchronously denitrogenation dephosphorizing, biological phosphor-removing effect is poor.Though can solve its deficiency by adding carbon source, carbon source increases can suppress nitrobacteria growth, and it is nitrated to influence ammonia nitrogen, and then influences denitrification effect.Guarantee high phosphor-removing effect, must utilize chemical agent to realize dephosphorization at front or rear increase chemical dephosphorization device, making equally complex process increases cost of investment.The biological filter function singleness, SS requires height to water inlet, has retrained the application of biological filter, makes it only can be used as general advanced treatment of wastewater and micro-polluted water pre-treatment, can't handle a direct step of high concentration organic sewage.Therefore, existing biological filter processing capacity is single, and range of application is narrow, is that it is mainly not enough, is used for high concentration organic sewage (high SS, BOD, COD, NH
3-N, P) handle, must add pre-treatment and/or finishing apparatus, not only increase floor space and cost of investment, and increased the operational management difficulty.
Chinese patent CN1129196 device for treatment of high-concentration dirt water comprises sewage the anaerob filter tank of the floatability filter material by series operation and the aerobic biofilter of floating filtering material in turn.Utilize microbiological oxidation, realize oxidation of coal-denitrification/nitrated utilizing biological filter microbiological deterioration and filteration simultaneously,, directly handle high COD, BOD, SS, N sewage, make device miniaturization though can not add pre-processing device.But the nitric nitrogen that is back to the anaerobism section at aerobic section is realized denitrification denitrogenation, is unfavorable for the anaerobic phosphorus release of dephosphorization bacterial equally, therefore still exists biological phosphor-removing effect poor, need add follow-up dephosphorization equipment in addition.
Above-mentioned deficiency still has is worth improved place.
The utility model content
The utility model purpose is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of floor space little, need not add any pre-treatment or finishing apparatus, can directly handle the biological filter waste disposal plant of high concentrated organic wastewater.
The utility model purpose realizes, the main improvement is below the anaerobic biofilter suspended filter material of series operation, sets up collection mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device, removes SS and phosphorus by the physics flocculation separation, thereby overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, realize the utility model purpose.Specifically, utility model biological filter waste disposal plant, the anaerobic biofilter and the aerobic biofilter that comprise secondary or above series operation, constitute by the suspension type filtrate, the return line that extends down the filtrate below is arranged between outputted aerobic water and anaerobic biofilter, it is characterized in that below the first step anaerobic biofilter suspended filter material layer mixing, flocculation, precipitate and separate integrated apparatus being arranged.
Utility model device treating processes: the flocculation agent of disposing of sewage and having flocculation and dephosphorization simultaneously by adding, at first enter mixing, flocculation, precipitate and separate integrated apparatus, by mix, the flocculation physical action forms the flco precipitate and separate, makes that most of SS, P and portion C OD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen obtain removing in the sewage; Carrying out the anaerobic denitrifying denitrogenation then in anaerobic biofilter, is molecular nitrogen with nitrate reduction, and the COD that degrades simultaneously filters by the suspension filtering layer; Enter second stage aerobic biofilter (BAF) to stream mode again,, carry out nitrification simultaneously and remove NH by rest COD in the aeration aerobic treatment water
3-N, anaerobic biofilter filtering layer below is returned in the water part, filter tank, makes nitrification liquid carry out the anaerobic denitrifying denitrogenation in anaerobic pond, and nitrogen is discharged by top, removes COD, BOD, SS, N effect thereby reach.Wherein suspended filter material in anaerobic biofilter, the aerobic biofilter not only plays a role in filtering but also make biofilm carrier, finishes biological treatment and two processes of filtration treatment simultaneously.
Utility model is said:
Mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device, its function is by physical process after the dosing, finish liquid medicine mixing, flocculation formation flco, precipitate and separate, reach removal most of SS, P and portion C OD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen (main medicament flocculation, dephosphorization), to reduce the subsequent disposal load, make it to adapt to biological filtering tank process and handle.Can adopt and have mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device in the prior art, more detailed multiple mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device, can exemplify referring to embodiment, but embodiment enumerates and is non exhaustive, just, understand mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device implication by enumerating introduction.
Secondary or the series operation of above biological filter can be the combinations in parallel of single filter tank, by the pipe connection series operation; Also can be in a device, to be separated into multicell structure arranged side by side by some wash plates.Can be the prefabrication structure, also can adopt the structures form, between processing unit with pipe connection.
The chemical dephosphorization chemical agent mainly is metal-salt medicament, for example Fe
3+Salt, Fe
2+Salt and Al
3+Salt, they are again flocculation agents simultaneously, so the dosing chemical flocculation can be removed SS, portion C OD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen and P simultaneously.
Anaerobic biofilter and aerobic biofilter, both volume ratios if handle SS, N in the former water, when P is high, should increase the residence time of prime anaerobic filter, enlarge the prime pond and hold.
Extend the filter material layer below between treat effluent and anaerobic biofilter under the return line, it mainly acts on: be a part of nitrification liquid through the rear portion aerobic treatment to be back to anaerobism carry out denitrogenation processing.Effluent recycling can be at the aerobic biofilter exhalant region, also can be in follow-up water district.
Utility model biological filter waste disposal plant, with respect to prior art, owing to below first step anaerobic biofilter suspended filter material, increase physics pre-treatment---mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device, the feasible sewage that enters the biological filter, at first through mixing, flocculate, precipitate physical treatment, flocculate by dosing, make that SS and phosphorus are combined in precipitate and separate in the flco in the sewage, make that most of SS, P and portion C OD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen are removed in the sewage, enter biological filter processing load, high like this SS, BOD, COD, NH thereby reduced
3The high concentration organic sewage of-N, P, can be directly processed, thereby widened the direct range of application in biological filter, need not add any prime or back level treatment facility, can directly efficiently remove organism and denitrogenation, and directly dephosphorization, directly high-concentration sewage is handled to middle water reuse standard, solved the deficiency that existing bacteria filter device can not directly be handled high-concentration sewage (for example SS is all higher greater than 200ppm, COD, N, P).The utility model device utilizes that side space is provided with mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device under the suspended filter material, does not increase area, not only simplified apparatus and occupation of land have reduced cost of investment, make to handle the high concentrated organic wastewater device miniaturization, and technology is simple, and operational management is convenient.
Below in conjunction with several exemplary embodiments; utility model essence is further understood in exemplary illustration and help; but the embodiment detail only is for utility model is described; do not represent utility model design whole technical schemes down; therefore should not be construed as the total technical scheme of utility model is limited; some are In the view of the technician; the unsubstantiality that does not depart from the utility model design increases and/or change; for example change or replace, all truely use novel protected scope so that technical characterictic with same or similar technique effect is simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a utility model biological filter waste disposal plant basic structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the anaerobic filter structural representation of built-in another kind of mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device.
Fig. 3 is the anaerobic filter structural representation of built-in another mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1, utility model biological filter waste disposal plant, comprise a sealing treatment casing 1, be divided into different big or small space chambers 3.1,3.2 (flow-reversal chamber), 3.3,3.4 by some wash plates 2.1,2.2,2.3, and have on each dividing plate and be communicated with the chamber, back, and form the through hole 2.11,2.21,2.31 of the stream of turning back.Wherein chamber 3.1 and 3.3 is placed with particle diameter 3-30mmPP foaming suspended filter material 6 and 8 respectively and forms the biological filter, two filtering layer water outlets have the filter screen 7 that prevents that filtrate runs off, 3.3 belows, chamber have microporous aeration device 9 to form aerobic biofilter, and narrow chamber 3.2 and 3.4 constitutes flow-reversal chamber and surge chamber respectively.Biological filter 3.1 no aerating apparatuss become anaerobic biofilter, there are mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device 4 in suspended filter material layer 6 below, empty frame A partly constitutes main removal SS and P functional unit, bottom, filter tank outmost turns has taper sludge hopper 5, the below is a mud discharging mouth 13, and anaerobic biofilter has venting port 17 on the top.Pump 10 is arranged in the surge chamber 3.4 and be back to the return line 11 of anaerobic biofilter suspended filter material below, the aerobic biofilter treat effluent is partly refluxed to anaerobic biofilter.Device water inlet front end has removal of impurities grid 15, chemical tank 16 and pump 14, and there is backwash tube (not providing among the figure) top, filter tank.Anaerobic biofilter and aerobic biofilter volume are pressed treating water processing requirement calculation Design.Mixing, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device 4, the unlimited inner core 4.1 that the band reducing is arranged, with outer interval the outer sleeve 4.2 of top seal is set, flocculation at a slow speed that forms between inside and outside sleeve and mud recirculating zone, the outer sleeve 4.2 outer isolating awl circles 4.4 of opening outer sleeve 4.3 and bottom that also have alternate setting, constitute flocculation upwelling space between two outer sleeves, constitute the sludge settling district between outer sleeve 4.3 and filter tank wall and form jointly.
Treating processes: dispose of sewage and at first remove big suspended substance through removal of impurities grid 15, chemical tank 16 by water inlet negative pressure-pumping and volume pump with medicament (water treatment Fe for example
3+Salt, Fe
2+Salt and Al
3+The salt flocculation agent, have the poly-phosphorus of chemistry simultaneously concurrently) quantitatively suck the plumbing drain system, rapidly medicament is diffused in the water through pump 14 high speed rotating, squeeze into the uncovered inner core 4.1 of being with necking reducer (producing spray gun principle rapidly) at a high speed through the preliminary liquid medicine that mixes, forming liquid medicine once more through two stage scaling mixes, make and add medicament and dispose of sewage thorough mixing, the combined sewage of high flow rate is overflowed because of the space by the inner core open top and increases suddenly, reduction of speed enters the flocculation zone at a slow speed that constitutes between inside and outside sleeve, form flco gradually and fully collided increase, finishing flco forms, enter below awl circle 4.4, because making area increase flow velocity suddenly, the inner core closing in further reduces, make big flocculating body this obtain settlement separate, enter lower taper mud recirculating zone, be inhaled into inner core 4.1 and mix (being beneficial to reduce the flocculation agent consumption) with liquid medicine, not obtaining settlement separate flco enters between two outer sleeves flocculation upwelling space and further increases wadding and flow out outer sleeve 4.3 with the water slow upwelling of turning back, it is bigger in the space, cross section that (flow velocity reduces, flow velocity is less than settling of floccus speed) top, flco carries out mud-water separation because of low flow velocity sinks to entering the sludge settling district, stoped the flco come-up, sinking mud is regularly discharged by mud discharging mouth 13, finish mainly to remove SS and P physical removal process, separate flco clear water continuation rising and carry out anaerobic treatment (comprising the anaerobic denitrifying biological denitrificaion) at upper space, with organic matter degradation is carbonic acid gas and water, and top suspended filter material layer 6 filtration treatment, remove part BOD in the sewage, COD, NH
3-N, gas is discharged by top venting port 17.Supernatant liquor through the processing of first step anaerobic biofilter, enter flow-reversal flow channels 3.2 through filter screen 7, through hole 2.11, change the direction of a stream of water, enter aerobe aerating filter 3.3 to stream mode by the bottom via through holes more than 2.21, air water reaches in the same way at suspension filtering layer 8 and carries out the aerobic nitrification reaction, ammonia nitrogen is oxidized to nitric nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen, carries out filtration treatment by the top suspended filter material simultaneously, further remove pollutent.Water outlet via through holes 2.31 flows into surge chambers 3.4, temporary storing at surge chamber, and part is discharged by bottom water outlet 12, and the part nitrification liquid is back to prime anaerobic biofilter filtrate below through lift pump 10 and return line 11 and carries out further denitrification denitrogenation.
Embodiment 2: referring to Fig. 2, as described above, wherein mix, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device such as A district, dosing sewage is squeezed into by pump and is entered funnelled pipe 18, forming liquid medicine by necking down mixes, rising then enters the flocculation of top expansion funnel reduction of speed and is overflowed by top, established big flocculating body then stall sinks, discharge by bottom mud discharging mouth 13, wherein a part falls to entering in the backflow tube 19 of opening, enlarge hydraucone by funnelled pipe 18 bottoms and enter the continuation backflow, the sewage behind the separation flco rises by suspended biological filler 6.Other are with example 1.
Embodiment 3: referring to Fig. 3, as described above, wherein mix, flocculation, sedimentation integrated device, be made up of necking down pipe 20 and bell-mouthed expansion reaction tube 21 fits of two ends band.The dosing combined sewage is by being pumped into necking down pipe 20, through liquid medicine is mixed, rise then to enter and enlarge reaction tube 21 flocculation formation flcos, a part is overflowed by the top hydraucone and is entered periphery and carry out mud-water separation, mud sinks down into the bottom and is discharged by mud discharging mouth 13, and a part enlarges the hydraucone reduction of speed and is lowered to return and forms backflow because of entering top.Other are with example 1.
Embodiment 4: as described above, utility model biological filter waste disposal plant can also adopt discrete pond structures form, forms technology with pipeline between anaerobic biofilter and aerobic biofilter and is communicated with.
Embodiment 5: as described above,, can also behind aerobic biofilter, increase by one or some grades of aerobic biofilters again according to the treat effluent requirement, or fine filtering apparatus, with further raising treat effluent standard.To those skilled in the art; under this patent design and specific embodiment enlightenment; some distortion that can directly derive or associate from this patent disclosure and general knowledge; those of ordinary skills will recognize also can adopt additive method; or the substituting of known technology commonly used in the prior art; and the mutual various combination between feature; for example return line one end is positioned at aerobic biofilter top clear water zone; mix; flocculation; the change of sedimentation integrated device; the difference of suspended filter material; or the like unsubstantiality change; can be employed equally; can both realize this patent representation function and effect, launch for example no longer one by one to describe in detail, all belong to this patent protection domain.