CN201724228U - Solid waste oxygen enriched and non-flame continuous high temperature combustion incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oxygen-enriched continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator for solid waste without an open flame. The incinerator comprises an incinerator body, a smoke exhaust system, an air supply system and an ignition system. The uppermost part of the incinerator is a smoke exhaust system, which is equipped with a smoke pipe and an integrally movable furnace cover with a diversion groove. The furnace body of the incinerator can be built into any shape and volume without restriction by using ordinary building materials, and a liftable door is reserved on one wall of the furnace wall. The bottom part of the furnace body is an air supply system, which is provided with an air supply duct and an air supply fan. The lower corners around the furnace wall are equipped with a number of artificial ignition ports, together with the electronic ignition ports located on the main air duct in the central area, they are collectively referred to as the ignition system of the incinerator. The utility model has the advantages of simple and reliable process, low operating cost, less investment, and easy control, and can make solid waste burn continuously at high temperature in the form of no open flame under oxygen-enriched conditions until it is burned into high-quality reusable coke residue, and rarely produces dioxins. Harmful ingredients such as British and fly ash.

Description

Solid waste oxygen-enriched continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator

technical field

The utility model relates to an oxygen-enriched continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator for solid waste without an open flame.

Background technique

The currently known and most commonly used incinerators at home and abroad include fluidized bed furnaces, grate furnaces, and rotary furnaces. These types of incinerators all use solid waste to burn violently with an open flame in a limited-volume furnace body, so that the burnt ashes can be discharged directly without staying in the furnace to achieve continuous feeding and continuous slag removal, and achieve a high unit furnace volume. processing rate. Most of the discharged slag is burnt powdery ashes, and there is very little high-quality coke slag that can be reused. The flue gas purification treatment methods matching these types of incinerators mainly include dry semi-dry lime deacidification followed by spraying activated carbon adsorbents or combined with bag dust removal and bag dust removal combined with activated carbon adsorption beds.

The currently widely used incinerator and flue gas treatment technology solutions are all developed based on the characteristics of solid waste in a few developed countries abroad, and cannot be fully applied to my country's waste treatment.

Most foreign solid wastes have been simply classified, with high calorific value, and the moisture content of 25% is also significantly lower than the level of 40% in my country. In addition, the composition of waste in my country is more complex and changeable, and there are many flame-retardant components. It is inevitable to use foreign incineration equipment and technology. There will be many problems, such as unstable combustion, easy flameout in the furnace, additional equipment is needed to pre-treat the garbage, there are problems such as large equipment loss, difficult maintenance, and high cost. Due to the instability of combustion, the content of dioxins in the flue gas increases naturally.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a solid waste oxygen-enriched continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator without an open flame, which can keep the solid waste continuously high-temperature combustion in an oxygen-enriched condition without an open flame. The 4-6m high solid waste loaded at one time can be continuously burned into high-quality reusable coke residue. The utility model is simple in structure, reliable in operation, low in cost and investment, easy to control, and can make solid waste burn continuously at high temperature in the form of no open flame under oxygen-enriched conditions until it is burned into high-quality reusable coke slag, and rarely produces Harmful components such as dioxins and fly ash.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

The utility model is an oxygen-enriched continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator for solid waste without open flame. The incinerator includes an incinerator body, and the furnace body is a high-temperature incineration chamber; the incinerator is equipped with a smoke exhaust system, an air supply system and an ignition system. The air supply system is installed at the lower part of the furnace body, the ignition system is arranged on the air supply system, and the smoke exhaust system is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body.

The smoke exhaust system includes a smoke pipe and a integrally movable furnace cover with a diversion groove. The smoke pipe is located below the inner surface of the furnace cover. Each smoke inlet is equipped with a cover that can be opened and closed manually, and the inner surface of the furnace cover is provided with many linear guide grooves from the upper side to the lower side.

The air supply system includes an air supply duct and a speed-controllable air supply fan. The end of the air supply duct is closed, evenly distributed at the bottom of the furnace body, and is in the form of an embedded trench, including a main air duct and a secondary air duct. The main air duct is provided with a main air duct air inlet, and the main air duct air inlet is equipped with an air supply fan, and a plurality of secondary air ducts are branched on the main air duct.

The ignition system includes artificial ignition ports distributed on the furnace body and electronic ignition ports distributed on the main air duct; an artificial ignition port is provided at the end of each secondary air duct facing the furnace body, and the central area of the furnace body A plurality of liquefied gas electronic ignition ports are arranged on the main air duct, and the liquefied gas electronic ignition ports are connected to liquefied gas pipelines, and the liquefied gas pipelines communicate with each other through the air supply duct.

The furnace wall of the incinerator body is a common brick or refractory brick wall with a thickness greater than 20cm; the inner wall of the furnace is provided with a refractory castable layer with a thickness of 3-8cm, the bottom of the furnace body is a horizontal plane, and the ground is provided with a thickness of 5cm The refractory castable layer; one side of the incinerator wall is equipped with a liftable door, the outer surface of the door is iron sheet, and the inner wall is built with refractory insulation bricks.

Working process and working principle of the present utility model are as follows:

Use a small amount of dry wood to lay along the main and secondary air ducts until the artificial ignition port on the furnace wall. Load 4-6 meters high garbage into the furnace at one time, and the combustion accelerant should be evenly dispersed for each meter high. Move the furnace cover to seal the incinerator to ignite and start the air supply. The dry wood on the air duct is first ignited and burns inward along the air duct. The garbage above the high-temperature gas drying air duct causes the garbage to spontaneously ignite. The air supply volume is adjusted to ensure that the garbage Burn quickly and steadily upwards and left and right. Due to the thick garbage layer, most of the heat released by the internal spontaneous combustion of garbage is contained in the garbage and cannot escape. As a result, the temperature in the garbage spontaneous combustion area is generally not lower than 1200°C, and the highest temperature in the core area can reach 1500°C. Bond with molten glass, ceramics, soil, etc. under high temperature environment to form high-quality reusable coke residue. This stable high-temperature combustion environment also inhibits the formation of dioxins. The flue gas with residual heat needs to escape through the thick garbage layer. In this process, the residual heat has been used to dry the garbage, and other harmful gases such as fly ash in the flue gas are also filtered out by the thick garbage layer.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and beneficial effects as follows:

1. The combustion zone in the furnace can stably reach a high temperature above 1200°C for a long time, which suppresses the generation of dioxins.

2. The solid waste can be burned into high-quality reusable char residue instead of powdery ash after burning.

3. Continuous high-temperature combustion in an oxygen-enriched and flame-free manner, there is almost no fly ash and dust in the flue gas, and the flue gas temperature is also low, which is conducive to flue gas purification.

The utility model is simple in structure, reliable in operation, low in cost and investment, can be designed and constructed arbitrarily in the size and shape of the furnace body, does not use complex and huge mechanical components, and is more splicable and humanized. Moreover, it is easy to control, enabling solid waste to be continuously burned at high temperature without an open flame under oxygen-enriched conditions until it is burned into high-quality reusable coke residue, and rarely produces harmful components such as dioxin and fly ash.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the air supply system of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the furnace cover of the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of solid waste oxygen-enriched continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator without open flame of the utility model, said incinerator comprises an incinerator furnace body 1, and the furnace body is a high-temperature incineration furnace chamber 2; said incinerator is provided with There is a smoke exhaust system 3, an air supply system 4 and an ignition system 5; the air supply system is installed at the lower part of the furnace body, the ignition system is arranged on the air supply system, and the smoke exhaust system is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body.

As shown in Figure 1, the uppermost part of the incinerator is a smoke exhaust system, which is provided with a smoke pipe 6 and an integrally movable furnace cover 7 with a flow guide groove. The smoke pipe is located directly below the central axis of the inner surface of the furnace cover, and two rows of evenly distributed circular smoke inlets 8 are arranged on the lower sides of the smoke pipe, and the number of smoke inlets in each row is several. Each smoke inlet is equipped with a cover that can be manually opened and closed to adjust the amount of smoke. The furnace cover can be made into an inverted "V" shape or an arc-shaped arc according to the span of the furnace body. As shown in Figure 3, the inner surface of the furnace cover is provided with many linear diversion grooves 9 from the upper side to the lower side to facilitate the flow of smoke. The gas is quickly guided up to the smoke outlet, and at the same time, the ridge-shaped diversion groove acts as a reinforcing rib to strengthen the furnace cover. The furnace cover is set to move along the guide rails to fully open.

As shown in Figure 1, the process of the furnace body of the incinerator is simple and reliable, and does not require complicated mechanical structures. The furnace body can be built into any shape and volume of any size without restriction by ordinary building materials. The furnace wall is made of ordinary bricks or refractory 10 bricks are built, and the thickness is required to be more than 20cm. Scraping the refractory castable 11 with a thickness of about 5 cm on the inner wall of the furnace can not only reduce the heat loss in the furnace but also block the deformation of the wall caused by the direct baking of the furnace wall bricks at high temperature. The bottom of the furnace is horizontal, and the refractory castable with a thickness of about 5cm is scraped on all the ground except the upper surface of the air duct. A furnace wall of the incinerator is provided with a liftable gate 12 as a passage for slag discharge. The outer surface of the gate is iron sheet, and the interior is built with refractory insulation bricks. The warehouse-like hollow area constructed of bricks and refractory castables constitutes the high-temperature combustion chamber of the incinerator.

As shown in Figure 2, the lower part of the incinerator is an air supply system, including an air supply duct 13 and a speed-controllable air supply fan 14, which is a key part to ensure that solid waste is continuously burned at high temperature in the furnace with rich oxygen and no open flame. The air supply duct can be designed in the shape of "Feng" or "Well" or "O" or other irregular shapes according to the shape of the incinerator body. The air duct connected to the air supply fan at the position of the main trunk line is the main air duct 13-1, and several air ducts branched out from the main air duct are secondary air ducts 13-2, and the air ducts should be distributed as uniformly as possible in The bottom of the furnace is in the form of an embedded trench. Ordinary bricks or refractory bricks are laid sequentially and regularly on the secondary air duct. The gap between bricks varies from 1mm to 10mm. The specific value depends on the volume of the furnace and the air supply capacity. The closer the position of the secondary air duct to the main air duct, the smaller the gap between the bricks, and the farther away from the main air duct, the larger the gap between the bricks and the rotor. The gap value on the main air duct is the same, and all air ducts pass The gaps between bricks are used as channels for upward oxygen supply. Due to the large area in the furnace, the air volume in different places in the air duct is different. The difference in the size of the gaps in each place can achieve a nearly uniform air supply everywhere to ensure that the furnace Garbage burns nearly evenly throughout the interior. The speed-adjustable air supply fan can be used with one or more, and the number of the main air duct can also be established with one or more. The main air duct is provided with the main air duct air inlet 15, and the air supply fan is installed through the main air duct air inlet. The parallel distance between channels is no more than 2 meters, which is most conducive to solid waste incineration. The ends of all air ducts are closed, except for the case where two or more fans are used to counteract the air supply at the beginning and end of the main air duct.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the ignition system of the incinerator includes artificial ignition ports 16 distributed on the furnace wall and electronic ignition ports 17 distributed on the main air duct. The end of each secondary air duct is directly facing the furnace wall. An artificial ignition port with a size of not less than 0.1 square meters is provided. It is connected internally through the air duct.

The utility model is simple in structure, reliable in operation, low in cost and investment, can be designed and constructed arbitrarily in the size and shape of the furnace body, does not use complex and huge mechanical components, and is more splicable and humanized. Moreover, it is easy to control, enabling solid waste to be continuously burned at high temperature without an open flame under oxygen-enriched conditions until it is burned into high-quality reusable coke residue, and rarely produces harmful components such as dioxin and fly ash. Finally, it should be noted that obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the utility model, rather than limiting the implementation manner. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A solid waste oxygen-enriched continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator without an open flame, the incinerator includes an incinerator body, and the furnace body is a high-temperature incineration chamber; the incinerator is provided with a smoke exhaust system, an air supply system and an ignition system; It is characterized in that: the air supply system is installed at the lower part of the furnace body, an ignition system is arranged on the air supply system, and the smoke exhaust system is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body. 2. The solid waste oxygen-enriched non-flame continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the smoke exhaust system includes a smoke pipe and a integrally movable furnace cover with a diversion groove, and the smoke pipe Located below the inner surface of the furnace cover, there are two rows of evenly distributed smoke inlets on the lower sides of the smoke pipe, and each smoke inlet is equipped with a cover that can be opened and closed manually. There are many linear diversion grooves. 3. The solid waste oxygen-enriched non-flame continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the air supply system includes an air supply duct and a speed-controllable air supply fan, and the end of the air supply duct is Closed and evenly distributed at the bottom of the furnace body, in the form of a built-in trench, including a main air duct and a secondary air duct, the main air duct is provided with a main air duct air inlet, and the main air duct air inlet is equipped with an air supply fan , there are multiple secondary air passages forked on the main air passage. 4. The solid waste oxygen-enriched non-flame continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the ignition system includes artificial ignition ports distributed on the furnace body and electronic ignition ports distributed on the main air duct; The end of each secondary air channel is provided with an artificial ignition port facing the furnace body, and a plurality of liquefied gas electronic ignition ports are provided on the main air channel in the central area of the furnace body, and the liquefied gas electronic ignition ports are connected to the liquefied gas pipeline. The liquefied gas pipeline communicates with the inside through the air supply duct. 5. The solid waste oxygen-enriched continuous high-temperature combustion incinerator without open flame according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the furnace wall of the incinerator body is a refractory brick wall with a thickness greater than 20 cm The inner wall of the furnace is provided with a refractory castable layer with a thickness of 3-8cm, the bottom of the furnace body is a horizontal plane, and the ground is provided with a refractory castable layer with a thickness of 5cm; Build refractory insulation bricks for the iron sheet and the interior. the

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