CN201706772U - Solar single/double effect lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating unit formed by effective heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar single/double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device composed of high-efficiency heat exchangers, including high-pressure generators, low-pressure generators, condensers, evaporators, absorbers, high-temperature solution heat exchangers and low-temperature solution heat exchangers. A compressor is arranged between the exchanger and the solar heat collector, the high-pressure generator and the low-pressure generator, and each heat exchanger part is a high-efficiency heat exchanger with plate guide grooves. The refrigerating device applies the principle of heat converter to absorption refrigeration, improves the solar single-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle by adding a steam compressor, improves the adaptability of the unit to the temperature change of the heat source, and utilizes the solar heat source more effectively. The utility model has a stable cooling capacity, which improves the working range and efficiency of the absorption refrigeration cycle.

Description

Solar energy single/double effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device composed of high-efficiency heat exchanger

technical field

The utility model relates to the air-conditioning and refrigeration industry, in particular to a solar single/double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device composed of high-efficiency heat exchangers.

Background technique

In recent years, with the development of society, the consumption of non-renewable energy has accelerated. In view of the limited supply of conventional energy and the pressure of environmental protection, people have paid more and more attention to the development and utilization of new energy and renewable energy and energy-saving technologies. Absorption chiller is an effective environmental protection technology that utilizes low-grade heat sources such as solar energy, geothermal heat or waste heat. The lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit is used as the main engine of the central air conditioner. Users always hope that the volume and weight should be as small as possible under the condition of satisfying the cooling performance, so as to reduce the area of the machine room and the construction cost. For commercial buildings where the space is very expensive, it is hoped that the air conditioning unit can be installed on the top floor, basement or middle floor of the building, which puts forward higher requirements for the compactness of the unit. In the fiercely competitive lithium bromide refrigerator sales market, compactness has become the main indicator reflecting the technical level of manufacturers, and one of the main means for manufacturers to compete with each other and compete for market share. The lithium bromide absorption refrigerator is a collection of heat exchangers. The heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger is directly related to the performance of the whole machine. Most of the heat exchangers of the traditional lithium bromide absorption refrigerator adopt the shell-and-tube heat exchange arranged horizontally. However, the inherent structural characteristics of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger determine that it is difficult to make a major breakthrough on the basis of the enhanced heat transfer tube to obtain a unit that satisfies users, so we have to turn our attention to the used heat exchanger. It is called a compact plate heat exchanger. In addition, there are some insurmountable shortcomings in the traditional absorption refrigeration cycle, such as low coefficient of performance, strong dependence on the quality and quantity of heat sources, and so on. If solar energy is used as a heat source, the performance of the solar system is affected by seasons, geographical location, time, weather, etc., and when the solar system cannot meet the requirements of the refrigeration system, the performance of the refrigeration system will deteriorate severely. The above contradictions have seriously affected the widespread application of solar absorption refrigeration. Therefore, research on solar absorption refrigeration devices composed of efficient and compact heat exchangers to achieve stable and efficient refrigeration can achieve better energy saving, emission reduction, environmental protection and economic benefits.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a solar energy single/double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device composed of a high-efficiency heat exchanger, which can perform refrigeration stably and efficiently.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: provide a solar energy single/double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device composed of a high-efficiency heat exchanger, including a high-pressure generator, a low-pressure generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorption device, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger, a compressor and a solar collector, the high-voltage generator is connected to the solar collector, and a solution pump is connected between the two; The high-pressure generator is respectively connected with the described low-pressure generator and the condenser, and a valve B is arranged between the described high-pressure generator and the low-pressure generator, and a valve A is arranged between the described high-pressure generator and the condenser; The absorber is connected with the high-temperature solution heat exchanger and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger respectively; the high-temperature solution heat exchanger is connected with the high-pressure generator; the low-temperature solution heat exchanger is connected with the The low-pressure generator is connected; the low-pressure generator is connected with the heat transfer tube in the high-pressure generator to form a circuit, and the compressor is arranged between the two; the other part of the heat transfer tube One end is connected to the condenser through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger; the low-pressure generator is connected to the condenser through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger; the evaporator inlet is connected to the condenser The condenser is connected, and the outlet is connected with the absorber.

The high-pressure generator, low-pressure generator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, high-temperature solution heat exchanger and low-temperature solution heat exchanger of the solar single/double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device composed of the described high-efficiency heat exchanger all adopt Plate channel high efficiency heat exchanger.

A throttling valve is arranged between the condenser and the evaporator of the solar single/double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device composed of the high-efficiency heat exchanger.

Its working principle is as follows: when the temperature of the heat source is high, the valve A can be opened and the valve B can be closed. At this time, the cycle becomes a single-effect solar absorption refrigeration cycle. If the temperature of the heat source is lower than or close to the critical temperature, the single-effect cycle cannot operate or the cycle efficiency is very low. You can close valve A, open valve B, and turn on the compressor. At this time, all the steam generated in the high-pressure generator is passed through. The low-pressure generator is used as a heat source to heat the dilute solution in the low-pressure generator to generate refrigerant vapor. The refrigerant steam releases heat and then is compressed by the compressor to a state higher than the generation temperature. The compressed steam releases heat in the high-pressure generator, and then enters the condenser through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger through throttling, and generates with low pressure. The refrigerant vapor generated in the condenser is cooled by the cooling water in the condenser tube and condensed into refrigerant water.

Beneficial effect

Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical solution, the utility model has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art:

The utility model utilizes the thermal energy of the compression work, which can not only fully use the low-temperature heat source, but also reduce the boosting ratio and power consumption of the compressor. The thermal coefficient COP of the cycle is higher than that of the traditional cycle, and it also has stable cooling capacity and relatively Low condensation heat load, through the compressor, the system can use the low-temperature waste heat of the solar heat source to recover the heat energy of the compression work through the compressor, and has a high energy utilization rate, which can achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

Each heat exchanger part of the utility model adopts a high-efficiency plate-type guide groove heat exchanger, so that the liquid of each part can be effectively cooled or heated, the heat exchange efficiency is high, the volume is small and compact, and the vibration resistance is good. In addition, this utility model applies the principle of heat exchanger to absorption refrigeration, thereby improving the cycle efficiency of absorption refrigeration. The new cycle not only overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional cycle that will lead to unstable or even inoperable operation of the system when the working condition of the heat source is unstable. , and it also improves the working range and efficiency of the absorption refrigeration cycle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of the utility model.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the utility model. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the utility model, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the utility model, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the application.

The embodiment of the utility model relates to a solar single/double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device composed of high-efficiency heat exchangers, which can be applied to occasions where the characteristics of the heat source change frequently, especially the occasion where the sun is used as the heat source. As shown in Figure 1, the refrigeration device includes a high-pressure generator 1, a low-pressure generator 2, a condenser 3, an evaporator 5, an absorber 7, a high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8, a low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, a compressor 10 and Solar heat collector 13, described high pressure generator 1 links to each other with solar heat collector 13, is connected with solution pump 12 between the two; Described high pressure generator 1 is connected with described low pressure generator 2 and condenser respectively 3 connected, a valve B is provided between the high-pressure generator 1 and the low-pressure generator 2, and a valve A is provided between the high-pressure generator 1 and the condenser 3; the absorber 7 is respectively connected to the The high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8 is connected to the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9; the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8 is connected to the high-pressure generator 1; the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 is connected to the low-pressure generator The low-pressure generator 2 is also connected to the heat transfer tube 11 in the high-pressure generator 1 to form a circuit, and a compressor 10 is arranged between the two; the heat transfer tube 11 of the described The other end is connected with the described condenser 3 through the described high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8; the described low-pressure generator 2 is connected with the described condenser 3 through the described low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, thereby realizing parallel connection The double-effect absorption refrigeration cycle of the process; the inlet of the evaporator 5 is connected with the condenser 3, and the outlet is connected with the absorber 7, and a throttle valve is also arranged between the condenser 3 and the evaporator 5 4. Among them, the high-pressure generator 1, the low-pressure generator 2, the condenser 3, the evaporator 5, the absorber 7, the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8 and the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 all adopt high-efficiency plate guide groove heat exchangers.

When the utility model is working, when the solar energy is sufficient, the valve A is opened and the valve B is closed, and the dilute solution from the absorber 7 is boosted by the solution pump 12, and is divided into two paths according to the parallel flow, and enters through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8 respectively. The high-pressure generator 1 enters the low-pressure generator 2 through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9, and when the solar collector 13 provides driving heat, the driving heat heats the solution in the high-pressure generator 1 to release high-temperature refrigerant vapor and enter the condenser 3; The solution enters the absorber 7 through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8, and the absorber 7 absorbs the refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 5 and releases heat. At this time, the cycle becomes a single-effect solar absorption refrigeration cycle. When the solar energy is insufficient, close the valve A, open the valve B, open the compressor 10, and the driving heat is provided by the compressor 10. The driving heat heats the dilute solution in the high-pressure generator 1 to release high-temperature refrigerant vapor, and then enters the low-pressure generator 2 to heat the dilute solution in it to generate refrigerant vapor. The high-temperature refrigerant steam releases heat and then is compressed by the compressor 10 to a state higher than the generation temperature. The compressed steam releases heat in the high-pressure generator 1, and then enters through the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8 and throttles through the valve 6. Condenser 3; the concentrated solution of high-pressure generator 1 and low-pressure generator 2 enters absorber 7 through high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8 and low-temperature solution heat exchanger 9 respectively, and absorber 7 absorbs the refrigerant vapor from evaporator 4 and releases it Heat, diluted into a dilute solution, completes a solution cycle.

The solution entering the low-pressure generator 2 absorbs the heat released by the water vapor from the high-pressure generator 1, and the evaporated water vapor enters the condenser 3 together with the water vapor from the high-pressure generator 1, and flows to the cooling water pipe in the condenser 3. It releases heat and condenses into water, which enters the evaporator 5 after the throttling valve 4 reduces pressure and cools down, absorbs the heat of the refrigerated medium and becomes low-temperature refrigerant vapor, and realizes the cooling effect. Finally, it enters the absorber 7 and is absorbed by the concentrated solution from the high-pressure generator 1 and the low-pressure generator 2 and releases heat to produce a dilute solution, completing a refrigerant cycle.

The cooling medium first enters the absorber 7 from the cooling water inlet C to absorb heat, then enters the condenser 3 to absorb heat and condenses the refrigerant vapor from the high-pressure generator 1 and low-pressure generator 2 into liquid, and finally discharges from the cooling water outlet D .

It is not difficult to find that the single/double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerator with a high-efficiency heat exchanger as the basic structure, because the guide groove in the guide groove heat exchanger structure is easy to form a thermal directional convection effect, greatly reduces resistance and improves heat transfer. Heat exchange uniformity, so that the fluid of each heat exchange component can be effectively cooled or heated, high heat and mass transfer efficiency, compact structure, and good vibration resistance. When the solar energy cannot provide enough heat source, the utility model enables the system to use the low-temperature waste heat of the solar heat source in the period of no sunshine or insufficient sunshine through booster assistance, and recovers the heat energy of the compression work more fully through the double-effect absorption refrigerator. Moreover, the double-effect absorption cycle adopts a parallel process. Compared with the series process, the double-effect absorption refrigeration cycle generator of the parallel process has a larger deflation range and a smaller solution circulation rate, so the performance coefficient of the cycle is relatively large. For this new cycle, at a certain heat source temperature, the thermal coefficient COP of the system changes with the change of the solution mass fraction difference; for a certain heat source temperature, the generation pressure has an optimal value. The lower the temperature of the heat source is, the lower the generating pressure should be. At this time, the pressure ratio and power consumption of the compressor will increase, but the heat provided by the compressor is still smaller than that of the solar heat source. The utility model has a stable cooling capacity, so that the working range and efficiency of the absorption refrigeration cycle are improved.

Claims (3)

1. solar energy list/double-effect lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating plant of forming of a high-performance heat exchanger, comprise high pressure generator (1), low pressure generator (2), condenser (3), evaporimeter (5), absorber (7), high-temperature solution heat exchanger (8), cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (9), compressor (10) and solar thermal collector (13), described high pressure generator (1) links to each other with described solar thermal collector (13), is connected with solution pump (12) between the two; Described high pressure generator (1) links to each other with condenser (3) with described low pressure generator (2) respectively, it is characterized in that, be provided with valve B between described high pressure generator (1) and the low pressure generator (2), be provided with valve A between described high pressure generator (1) and the condenser (3); Described absorber (7) links to each other with cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (9) with described high-temperature solution heat exchanger (8) respectively; Described high-temperature solution heat exchanger (8) links to each other with described high pressure generator (1); Described cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (9) links to each other with described low pressure generator (2); Described low pressure generator (2) also links to each other with heat-transfer pipe (11) in the described high pressure generator (1) and constitutes the loop, and between is provided with described compressor (10); The other end of described heat-transfer pipe (11) links to each other with described condenser (3) through described high-temperature solution heat exchanger (8); Described low pressure generator (2) links to each other with described condenser (3) through described cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (9); Described evaporimeter (5) inlet links to each other with described condenser (3), and outlet links to each other with described absorber (7).

2. solar energy list/double-effect lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating plant that high-performance heat exchanger according to claim 1 is formed, it is characterized in that described high pressure generator (1), low pressure generator (2), condenser (3), evaporimeter (5), absorber (7), high-temperature solution heat exchanger (8) and cryogenic fluid heat exchanger (9) all adopt efficient heat exchanger with plate-type guide channels.

3. solar energy list/double-effect lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating plant that high-performance heat exchanger according to claim 1 is formed is characterized in that, is provided with choke valve (4) between described condenser (3) and the evaporimeter (5).

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