CN201696054U - A Closed Hydraulic Drive System of Cutterhead with Compound Control of Variable Speed and Variable Displacement - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cutter head closed hydraulic drive system with compound control of variable speed and displacement. The pump-controlled motor closed system controlled by two-stage speed regulation has good energy-saving effect and high efficiency by frequency conversion speed regulation. The variable-displacement pump-controlled motor closed system reduces overflow loss and throttling loss, improves system efficiency, and can Make up for when the range of variable frequency speed regulation exceeds the limitation of the limit speed of the pump; due to the wide range of cutterhead speed and power variation range, the compound control of variable speed and variable displacement broadens the speed regulation range of the cutterhead; one-way valve and proportional relief valve The combination can make the two-way pressure of the cutter head continuously adjustable; the installation of accumulators at both ends of the variable pump can absorb the shock and vibration of the system oil, reducing the installed power of the system.

Description

A Closed Hydraulic Drive System of Cutterhead with Compound Control of Variable Speed and Variable Displacement

technical field

The utility model relates to a fluid pressure actuator, in particular to a closed energy-saving hydraulic control system of a shield cutter head adopting variable speed and variable displacement composite control.

Background technique

Shield boring machine is a modern high-tech tunneling equipment specially used for underground tunnel construction. Compared with traditional construction methods, the shield method has many advantages such as safe and fast construction, high engineering quality, less ground disturbance, and low labor intensity. Due to the adoption of advanced excavation face stabilization technology, shield excavation has shown unique advantages especially in the construction of tunnel projects with complex and changeable geological conditions and harsh construction environments. In addition, shield tunneling also plays an irreplaceable role in satisfying complex route excavation. With the development of science and technology and social progress, shield tunneling will gradually replace traditional methods.

The cutterhead drive system is an important part of the shield tunneling machine. The cutterhead rotation is responsible for cutting the soil in front. The cutterhead system requires a lot of energy and plays an increasingly important role in the shield machine. It is the same as the propulsion system, screw Conveyor and segment assembly system constitute a complete shield machine. These parts of the system operate synchronously and cooperate closely to complete the shield excavation task. Due to the harsh working conditions and heavy load of the shield, the cutter head system, propulsion system, screw system, and segment assembly system are all driven by hydraulic pressure.

Shield cutter head drive is a typical high-power, heavy-load working condition. According to different geological conditions, the speed of the cutter head can vary widely, and the range of power can vary widely. Language is an extremely important factor. Most of the traditional shield cutter head adopts valve control mode and open system. This control mode will cause a lot of throttling and overflow loss to a certain extent, and eventually cause the overall efficiency of the system to decrease and the loss of energy. The low efficiency of the system not only wastes energy and affects the life of the equipment, but also deteriorates the construction environment and brings many unfavorable factors. Compared with the valve control system, although the closed volume speed regulation system of the pump control motor can increase the efficiency of the system, the pump control system alone will limit the range of speed regulation, and at the same time have the disadvantages of slow response and lag, and the pressure cannot be continuous adjustable. The independent variable speed control will be limited by the speed limit of the pump. These problems may affect the improvement of the overall performance of the shield in some cases. Therefore, how to realize the hydraulic system while ensuring that the shield tunneling system completes the tunneling task correctly and efficiently It is a key technical problem in shield tunneling to realize fast response and widen the range of cutterhead speed regulation.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the problems of slow system response and limited cutterhead speed regulation range in the existing shield cutterhead system during the construction process, and provide a closed cutterhead with variable speed and variable displacement compound control. Hydraulic drive system.

The purpose and effect of the utility model are achieved through the following technical proposals: a cutter head closed hydraulic drive system with variable speed and variable displacement compound control, including: high-pressure accumulator, low-pressure accumulator, two-position four-way Cartridge valve, first pressure gauge, second pressure gauge, first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, first filter, second filter, frequency converter and first motor, first coupling, two-way variable pump , Electromagnetic globe valve, first safety valve, second safety valve, first one-way valve, second one-way valve, third one-way valve, fourth one-way valve, fifth one-way valve, sixth one-way valve , Proportional relief valve, shuttle valve, motor unit, second motor, second coupling, quantitative pump, oil suction filter, oil tank, oil outlet filter, electromagnetic overflow valve.

The frequency converter and the first motor are rigidly connected to the two-way variable pump through the first coupling, the oil suction port of the two-way variable pump is connected with the oil suction port filter with the oil signal generating device, and the oil outlet of the two-way variable variable pump is connected to the oil filter with the oil signal generator. The oil outlet filter of the generating device is connected to the oil inlet, and the oil outlet of the oil outlet filter is connected to the main oil circuit; the oil inlet T of the two-position four-way cartridge valve, one end of the first one-way valve, and the fourth one-way valve One end of the directional valve, one end of the fifth one-way valve, one end of the first safety valve, one end of the second safety valve, the second pressure gauge and one end of the motor group are connected to the main oil circuit, the P port of the two-position four-way cartridge valve, the first A pressure gauge, the other end of the first safety valve, the other end of the second safety valve, one end of the second one-way valve, one end of the third one-way valve, one end of the sixth one-way valve, the other end of the motor group and the main oil return circuit Connection; the other end of the first one-way valve, the other end of the second one-way valve and the outlet port of the proportional relief valve are connected; the other end of the third one-way valve, the other end of the fourth one-way valve and the proportional relief valve enter the oil One oil inlet of the shuttle valve is connected with one end of the motor group, the other oil inlet of the shuttle valve is connected with the other end of the motor group, the outlet of the shuttle valve is connected with the electromagnetic stop valve, and the other end of the electromagnetic stop valve is connected with the The control port of the two-way variable pump is connected; the quantitative pump is rigidly connected with the second motor through the second coupling, the oil suction port of the quantitative pump is connected with the oil discharge port of the oil suction port filter, and the oil discharge port of the quantitative pump is connected with the oil outlet port respectively. The oil outlet of the outlet filter is connected to one end of the electromagnetic overflow valve; the other end of the oil outlet filter is respectively connected to the other end of the fifth check valve and the other end of the sixth check valve, and the oil outlet of the electromagnetic overflow valve The ports are respectively connected with the oil suction port of the oil suction port filter and the oil tank.

Compared with the background technology, the utility model has the beneficial effects of:

1) Through the combination of the check valve and the proportional relief valve, the system pressure can be continuously adjusted during the forward and reverse process of the shield cutter head.

2) During the excavation process, variable speed speed control is used as the first level, with high transmission efficiency and fast response. When the system speed is limited, it can be controlled by adjusting the displacement of the variable pump, which greatly improves the speed range of the cutter head .

3) Through the shuttle valve, the higher pressure at both ends of the motor is used as the feedback pressure to adjust the displacement of the pump, with high response and fast response.

4) The oil outlet of the accumulator can change the direction in time by controlling the two-position four-way cartridge valve according to the forward and reverse of the cutter head, and can always connect the high-pressure accumulator to the high-pressure end, and the low-pressure accumulator to the low-pressure end. End connection, the accumulator can act as an auxiliary energy source at a critical time, and at the same time, it can absorb vibration well and reduce the installed power when encountering an impact load.

5) The hydraulic system adopts a closed-loop system, so the oil circulates, the required oil tank is small, and the space occupied is relatively small, which has certain practical value for shield tunneling in underground construction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the closed hydraulic drive system of the cutter head with variable speed and variable displacement compound control of the utility model;

In the figure: high-pressure accumulator 1, low-pressure accumulator 2, two-position four-way cartridge valve 3, first pressure gauge 4.1, second pressure gauge 4.2, first pressure sensor 5.1, second pressure sensor 5.2, first Filter 6.1, second filter 6.2, inverter and first motor 7, first coupling 8, two-way variable pump 9, electromagnetic stop valve 10, first safety valve 11.1, second safety valve 11.2, first single One-way valve 12.1, second one-way valve 12.2, third one-way valve 12.3, fourth one-way valve 12.4, fifth one-way valve 12.5, sixth one-way valve 12.6, proportional overflow valve 13, shuttle valve 14, motor Group 15, second motor 16, second coupling 17, quantitative pump 18, oil inlet filter 19, oil tank 20, oil outlet filter 21, electromagnetic overflow valve 22.

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in detail below according to the accompanying drawings, and the purpose and effect of the utility model will become more obvious.

As shown in Figure 1, the cutter head closed hydraulic drive system with variable speed and variable displacement compound control of the utility model includes: high pressure accumulator 1, low pressure accumulator 2, two-position four-way cartridge valve 3, first pressure Table 4.1, second pressure gauge 4.2, first pressure sensor 5.1, second pressure sensor 5.2, first filter 6.1, second filter 6.2, inverter and first motor 7, first coupling 8, two-way variable Pump 9, electromagnetic stop valve 10, first safety valve 11.1, second safety valve 11.2, first one-way valve 12.1, second one-way valve 12.2, third one-way valve 12.3, fourth one-way valve 12.4, fifth One-way valve 12.5, sixth one-way valve 12.6, proportional relief valve 13, shuttle valve 14, motor group 15, second motor 16, second coupling 17, quantitative pump 18, oil suction port filter 19, fuel tank 20 , Oil outlet filter 21, electromagnetic overflow valve 22.

The frequency converter and the first motor 7 are rigidly connected to the two-way variable variable pump 9 through the first coupling 8), the oil suction port of the two-way variable variable pump 9 communicates with the oil suction port filter 6.1 with the oil signal generating device, and the outlet of the two-way variable variable pump 9 The oil port is connected to the oil inlet of the oil outlet filter 6.2 with the oil news generating device, and the oil outlet of the oil outlet filter 6.2 is connected to the main oil circuit; the oil inlet T of the two-position four-way cartridge valve 3, One end of the first one-way valve 13.1, one end of the fourth one-way valve 13.4, one end of the fifth one-way valve 13.5, one end of the first safety valve 11.1, one end of the second safety valve 11.2, one end of the second pressure gauge 4.2 and the motor group 16 and Main oil circuit connection, port P of the two-position four-way cartridge valve 3, the first pressure gauge 4.1, the other end of the first safety valve 11.1, the other end of the second safety valve 11.2, one end of the second one-way valve 12.2, the third One end of the one-way valve 12.3, one end of the sixth one-way valve 12.6 and the other end of the motor group 16 are connected to the main oil return circuit; the other end of the first one-way valve 12.1, the other end of the second one-way valve 12.2 and the proportional relief valve 13 is connected to the outlet port; the other end of the third one-way valve 12.3 and the other end of the fourth one-way valve 12.4 are connected to the oil inlet port of the proportional relief valve 13; one oil inlet port of the shuttle valve 15 is connected to one end of the motor group 16, The other oil inlet port of the shuttle valve 15 is connected with the other end of the motor group 16, the outlet of the shuttle valve 15 is connected with the electromagnetic cut-off valve 10, and the other end of the electromagnetic cut-off valve 10 is connected with the control port of the two-way variable pump 9; 18 is rigidly connected with the second motor 16 through the second coupling 17, the oil suction port of the quantitative pump 18 is connected with the oil discharge port of the oil suction port filter 19, and the oil discharge port of the quantitative pump 18 is connected with the oil discharge port filter 21 respectively. The oil discharge port is connected to one end of the electromagnetic overflow valve 22; the other end of the oil outlet filter 21 is respectively connected to the other end of the fifth check valve 12.5 and the other end of the sixth check valve 12.6, and the outlet of the electromagnetic overflow valve 22 The oil port is connected with the oil suction port of the oil suction port filter 19 and the oil tank 20 respectively.

The working process of the present utility model is as follows:

The first motor 7 is powered on to drive the two-way variable variable pump 9 to rotate. The oil suction port of the two-way variable variable pump 9 is connected with the oil suction port filter 19 to suck oil from the oil tank 20, and the pressure oil discharged from the two-way variable variable pump 9 is sent through the oil outlet filter 21 To the constant pressure pipeline, at the same time, a part of the oil enters the oil inlets of the first safety valve 11.1, the second safety valve 11.2, the shuttle valve 14 and the motor group 15, and is composed of the one-way valve and the proportional relief valve 13 One end of the bridge road enters the oil inlet of the proportional relief valve 13. The pressure sensors at both ends of the two-way variable pump 9 detect the system pressure in real time and transmit it to the regulator, and the motor speed is changed by adjusting the frequency of the frequency converter to match the system flow and pressure. The shuttle valve 14 introduces the high-pressure oil at both ends of the motor group 15 through the electromagnetic cut-off valve 10 to the control port of the two-way variable pump 9 to control the displacement. When the variable speed control meets the system requirements, the electromagnetic cut-off valve 10 is closed. When the variable speed control reaches When the limit cannot meet the system requirements, the electromagnetic shut-off valve 10 is energized and opened, and the control oil at the high-pressure end of the motor group 15 directly controls the two-way variable pump 9 for speed regulation. This hydraulic control direct regulation method can improve the response speed. The first safety valve 11.1 and the second safety valve 11.2 are used to ensure that the hydraulic oil flows in the forward and reverse directions, and to limit the highest pressure of the system when the pressure of the cutterhead system is too high, that is, from the high pressure oil end to the low pressure oil end. The purpose of connecting the two-position four-way cartridge valve 3 with the high-pressure accumulator 1 and the low-pressure accumulator 2 is mainly to match the high-low pressure accumulator with the high and low-pressure ends of the two-way variable pump 9 when the cutter head is reversing. , to better absorb vibration and impact, and the system has a large flow rate. In order to reduce the throttling loss, the cartridge valve design is selected. Quantitative pump 18 system is mainly to compensate leakage in order to replenish oil liquid in the system in time. The proportional overflow valve 13 is used to ensure the stepless adjustment of the system pressure. The connection of the first one-way valve 12.1, the second one-way valve 12.2, the third one-way valve 12.3 and the fourth one-way valve 12.4 is mainly to ensure the oil discharge of the variable displacement pump during the forward and reverse process of the shield cutter head The ports can be consistent with the oil inlet of the proportional overflow valve 13; the fifth check valve 12.5 and the sixth check valve 12.6 mainly prevent the hydraulic oil in the closed system from returning to the quantitative pump 18 system.

Since the working geological environment of the shield is complex and changeable, we analyze the principle of the system under the composite geological conditions of sandy stratum, clayey soil, hard rock stratum and so on.

Firstly, the second motor 16 is started, and the quantitative pump 18 is driven by the second coupling 17 to start. The oil circuit supplies oil to the closed oil circuit to compensate for leakage. When the system pressure is stable, the electromagnetic overflow valve 22 is energized, and the quantitative pump 18 is unloaded to reduce overflow and throttling losses. When the closed system pressure is insufficient, The electromagnetic overflow valve 22 is energized to supply oil to the closed system. When the second motor 16 rotates forward, the two-way variable variable pump 9 rotates clockwise, and the oil in the system also rotates clockwise. At this time, the pressure at the upper end of the two-way variable variable pump 9 is higher than the pressure at the lower end. At this time, the two-position four-way cartridge valve 3 is The solenoid valve of the solenoid valve is energized so that the high-pressure accumulator 1 is connected to the upper end of the two-way variable pump 9, and the low-pressure accumulator 2 is connected to the lower end of the two-way variable pump 9; when the second motor 16 rotates in the opposite direction, the two-position four-way cartridge valve The solenoid valve on 3 is de-energized, and it works in the left position due to the action of the spring. Since the second motor 16 rotates in reverse, the pressure at the lower end of the two-way variable variable pump 9 is higher than the pressure at the upper end, so that the high and low pressure accumulators are still the same as the high pressure of the variable variable pump. The low voltage end is the same.

Taking the forward rotation of the second motor 16 as an example, the oil discharged from the variable displacement pump passes through the second filter 6.2, enters the main oil circuit through the second pressure gauge 4.2, and one branch directly reaches the oil inlet of the motor group 15, and flows through the motor group 15 Then enter the oil return area; the other branch enters the inlet of the proportional relief valve 13 through the fourth one-way valve 12.4, and part of it overflows from the proportional relief valve 13 and enters the oil return through the second one-way valve 12.2 area; the remaining branches are respectively connected to the oil inlet of the first safety valve 11.1 and the oil return port of the second safety valve 11.2. The oil in the oil return circuit enters the oil suction port of the two-way variable displacement pump 9 through the first filter 6.1 and the first pressure gauge 4.1.

When the shield machine is excavated in different geology, because the parameters required by the hydraulic system in different geology, such as pressure and flow, vary greatly, the adjustment range is also very large. When entering from one geology to another During the process, the system parameters often change greatly.

When the shield machine is working in the sandy stratum, the soil viscosity is relatively low in the sandy stratum due to the low water content, and at the same time, the movement disturbs the surrounding soil greatly. Relatively low, while the speed is medium, at this time the pressure of the proportional overflow valve 13 is set to be medium, and the variable speed control can meet the system requirements, the electromagnetic cut-off valve 10 is closed, and the system requirements can be met through the variable speed speed control. When entering the hard rock area, the speed increases, the propulsion displacement decreases, and the torque decreases. Considering that there is a certain hysteresis phenomenon in variable speed regulation, at this time, by adjusting the electromagnetic cut-off valve 10 to make it energized, when the load pressure changes When the system adjusts the speed, the speed is first changed through the hydraulic control direct adjustment, and then adjusted through the variable speed control when it is stable. When the shield cutter head is working in the clay layer, the formation is characterized by low speed and high torque, and the rotation of the cutter head disturbs the surrounding soil greatly. At this time, it is important to adjust the pressure of the proportional relief valve 13. Load mode, and the speed is low at the same time, so the adjustment and variable speed control can meet the system requirements at this time. Due to the randomness and variability of the load during the excavation process, the system flow and pressure can be adjusted in real time to meet the real-time adaptation to the geological conditions. Through The accumulator can absorb some shock vibrations of the system and make the system run stably.

The function of the shuttle valve 14 is mainly to adjust the displacement of the variable displacement pump by extracting the high-pressure oil in the oil inlet circuit and the oil return circuit, so as to realize load sensing and constant pressure control. The second one-way valve 12.2 and the third one-way valve 12.3 prevent the backflow of oil and simultaneously play the role of anti-cavitation.

The above-mentioned specific embodiments are used to explain the utility model, rather than to limit the utility model. Within the spirit of the utility model and the scope of protection of the claims, any modifications and changes made to the utility model fall into the scope of the utility model. scope of protection.

Claims (1)

1. a variable speed becomes the cutterhead Closed Hydraulic Driving system of the compound control of discharge capacity, it is characterized in that, comprise high pressure accumulator (1), low pressure accumulator (2), two-position four-way cartridge valve (3), first pressure meter (4.1), second pressure meter (4.2), first pressure sensor (5.1), second pressure sensor (5.2), first strainer (6.1), second strainer (6.2), frequency converter and first motor (7), first shaft coupling (8), two-way variable displacement pump (9), electromagnet cut off valve (10), first safety valve (11.1), second safety valve (11.2), first one way valve (12.1), second one way valve (12.2), the 3rd one way valve (12.3), the 4th one way valve (12.4), the 5th one way valve (12.5), the 6th one way valve (12.6), proportional pressure control valve (13), shuttle valve (14), groups of motors (15), second motor (16), second shaft coupling (17), constant displacement pump (18), inlet port strainer (19), fuel tank (20), oil-out strainer (21), electromagnetic relief valve (22); Wherein, described frequency converter and first motor (7) are rigidly connected by first shaft coupling (8) and two-way variable displacement pump (9); The inlet port of two-way variable displacement pump (9) is communicated with the inlet port strainer (6.1) of band oil news generating means; The oil-out of two-way variable displacement pump (9) is connected with oil-out strainer (6.2) oil-in that has oil news generating means, and oil-out strainer (6.2) oil-out is connected with working connection; The oil-in T of two-position four-way cartridge valve (3), first one way valve (13.1) one ends, the 4th one way valve (13.4) one ends, the 5th one way valve (13.5) one ends, first safety valve (11.1) one ends, second safety valve (11.2) one ends, second pressure meter (4.2) is connected with working connection with an end of groups of motors (16), the P mouth of two-position four-way cartridge valve (3), first pressure meter (4.1) other end, first safety valve (11.1) other end, the other end of second safety valve (11.2), second one way valve (12.2) one ends, the 3rd one way valve (12.3) one ends, the other end of the 6th one way valve (12.6) one ends and groups of motors (16) is connected with main oil return line; The port of export of the other end of first one way valve (12.1), second one way valve (12.2) other end and proportional pressure control valve (13) is connected; The 3rd one way valve (12.3) other end, the 4th one way valve (12.4) other end and proportional pressure control valve (13) oil-in link to each other; An oil-in of shuttle valve (15) and an end of groups of motors (16) are connected, another oil-in of shuttle valve (15) is connected with the other end of groups of motors (16), the same electromagnet cut off valve of outlet (10) of shuttle valve (15) links to each other, and the control mouth of the same two-way variable displacement pump of the other end (9) of electromagnet cut off valve (10) is connected; Constant displacement pump (18) is rigidly connected by second shaft coupling (17) and second motor (16), the inlet port of constant displacement pump (18) is connected with the oil drain out of inlet port strainer (19), and the oil drain out of constant displacement pump (18) is connected with the oil drain out of oil-out strainer (21) and an end of electromagnetic relief valve (22) respectively; The other end of oil-out strainer (21) is connected with the 6th one way valve (12.6) other end with the 5th one way valve (12.5) other end respectively, electromagnetic relief valve (22) oil-out respectively with the inlet port of inlet port strainer (19) be connected with fuel tank (20).