Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to disclose a kind of novel external flue gas desulfur device of oxidation pond, and is low and the low problem of ammonia utilization rate that causes guarantees more effectively to control the escape loss of ammonia to solve the oxidation efficiency that exists in the prior art.
For achieving the above object, the utility model has designed the external flue gas desulfur device of oxidation pond, comprise desulfurizing tower, the essence of innovation is, also comprise and be arranged on the outer oxidation pond of described desulfurizing tower, be connected by absorbent recirculation pump between described oxidation pond and the desulfurizing tower, the import of absorbent recirculation pump is connected with the oxidation pond bottom, outlet is connected by the absorption liquid pipeloop with described desulfurizing tower top, and, also be connected between described desulfurizing tower and the oxidation pond, constitute the absorption liquid closed circuit by the absorption liquid reflux pipeline.Like this, compared with prior art, oxidative function is placed in outside the tower body of desulfurizing tower, its capacity promptly offers easier independent design of the needed time of staying of oxidation, and not limited by the diameter of desulfurizing tower and height, and help improving to greatest extent oxidation efficiency, guarantee the utilization ratio of ammonia.
The flue gas desulfur device that aforesaid oxidation pond is external, the feature of its innovation also is, described oxidation pond is a cylindrical vessel, the bottom cylindrical shell is provided with the oxidation air entrance sleeve, entrance sleeve outside oxidation pond again with the oxidation air conveying equipment, comprise that air compressor is connected, the top is provided with the oxidation air discharge connection, discharge connection can connect any discharge tube, can also be connected with the purification flue after the desulfurization, even can also be connected with the top of desulfurizing tower; Further, the diameter of described oxidation pond is 0.5~2.0 times of tower body diameter of described desulfurizing tower, and it highly is 0.8~2.5 times of tower body diameter of desulfurizing tower.Like this, further stipulate and optimized the relative size of oxidation pond and desulfurizing tower; Oxidation pond is high more, and oxidation air pressure is big more, helps oxidation more, but too high then energy consumption is excessive; For this reason,,, then can suitably enlarge the oxidation pond diameter such as the sulphur coal situation for some special circumstances, excessive to prevent energy consumption; And,,, need reduce diameter for keeping enough oxidation air pressure such as the low-sulfur coal situation for other special circumstances, just can play energy-conservation effect.
Further, the inside of described oxidation pond also is provided with the air bubbler, described air bubbler is taken over the air intlet on the cylindrical shell and is directly linked to each other, the preferred ductwork type structure of described air bubbler, promptly, manage the arm that links to each other, and be distributed in female pipe and close air-blowing hole on the arm with mother by the female pipe of air, and the size of air-blowing sky is at 2~15mm, preferred 5~10mm.Like this, can make air-distribution even, and provide size the stable and big bubble of mass transfer area, guarantee the efficient oxidation of ammonium sulfurous in the absorption liquid, improve the utilization rate of desulfuration efficiency and raw material ammonia.
And described oxidation pond stores absorption liquid, and described absorption liquid is an ammonium sulfate solution, and its ammonium sulfate concentrations is 5~45%.Like this, absorption liquid can not reach the saturated concentration 46% of sulphur ammonium, thereby absorption process of making (ammonia in the absorption liquid and sulfur dioxide in flue gas reaction generate ammonium sulfite and be dissolved in absorption liquid) and oxidizing process (is ammonium sulfate with sulfite oxidation) are simplified greatly, and operation stability also can be guaranteed better.
In the external flue gas desulfur device of aforesaid oxidation pond, the gas approach of described desulfurizing tower is positioned at its underpart or middle and lower part, exhanst gas outlet is positioned at its top, described gas approach below (or being called crystallizing pond or cycles of washing groove) is provided with agitator, is used for advancing bulk-growth and can prevents deposition of solid; Described gas approach top (or being called washing section) is provided with the wash spray device, described wash spray device top (or being called absorber portion) is provided with the absorption spray thrower, be provided with dividing plate between described wash spray device and the absorption spray thrower, described wash spray device top also is provided with the washing demister, above described absorption spray thrower, be provided with the absorption demister, guarantee the liquid independent loops and the spray of the spray of washing section and absorber portion, at utmost reduce cleaning solution and enter absorber portion; Air rising hole is arranged on the described demarcation strip or rise gas cap confession flue gas to enter absorber portion from washing section, also have the absorption liquid flow export on the dividing plate, described absorption liquid flow export is connected with the absorption liquid downspout, is connected with tower body absorption liquid reflux pipeline outward again.Like this, the ammonium sulfate concentrations of the liquid that wash spray device and absorption spray thrower spray has bigger difference, the latter's concentration is less than 46%, be lower than saturated concentration, the former surpasses 46%, be supersaturation and the pulpous state solution that the ammonium sulfate crystallization body is arranged, make absorption process avoid scabbing, problems such as obstruction especially mainly are the absorption of highly acid gas at washing section, and the pH value of cleaning solution is lower, generally be lower than 4.5, between 1~3, make that the balance ammonia dividing potential drop of cleaning solution is almost nil preferably, definitely avoided aerocolloidal appearance.
In addition, described desulfurizing tower bottom, or claim that crystallization tank stores the ammonium sulfate slurries, described ammonium sulfate slurries contain ammonium sulfate solids, and ammonium sulfate concentrations is in 40~60% scopes.Like this, can be controlled at ammonium sulfate solids concentration in the crystallization tank, optimally about 5%, help the growth of crystal and promote the good circulation in cycles of washing loop below 10%.
Further, described wash spray device top also is provided with the washing demister, described washing demister also includes the rinse spray device, and described rinse spray device is connected with described oxidation pond with the absorption liquid rear pump by the absorption liquid export pipeline, required moisture content and the ammonium sulfate of washing section just can be continuously from absorber portion and oxidation pond like this, preferably replenished from oxidation pond, and because the ammonium sulfate solution in the oxidation pond departs from saturated solution, can wash and remove, prevent the crystal obstruction that scabs attached to the washing slurries of washing on the demister.
Also have, described desulfurizing tower bottom is connected with cleaning circulation pump, described cycles of washing delivery side of pump is connected with described wash spray device, described wash spray device has two groups, be connected with two cycles of washing pipelines with two cleaning circulation pump respectively, guarantee the reliability of cleaning solution supply and the security of scrubbing tower operation.
Further, in the external flue gas desulfur device of described oxidation pond, the tower body of the oxidation pond of described desulfurizing tower bottom is provided with the adapter of adding raw material ammonia, with the pH value of guaranteeing desulfuration efficiency and absorption liquid between 5.5~6.0, described growing the grain groove is provided with the adapter of adding raw material ammonia, with in and the highly acid material that absorbs of scrubbing tower, and reduce corrosivity.
And, described growing the grain groove also connects sulphur ammonium slurries rear pump, and connect second cyclone successively again, liquid-solid separation equipment, drying equipment and packaging facilities, and the clear liquid pipeline of second cyclone and the mother liquor pipeline of centrifuge all are communicated with described desulfurizing tower bottom, obtain the ammonium sulfate product of the satisfied national thiamine fertilizer standard of commodity selling, make not waste discharge of whole system simultaneously.
In addition, the exhanst gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower in the external flue gas desulfur device of oxidation pond of the present utility model directly is connected with in line chimney, and the height of described in line chimney is between 30~100m, like this, with regard to not needing former chimney is carried out anticorrosion, reduce investment outlay, be particularly suitable for the transformation of old factory.
Operation principle of the present utility model is such:
Former flue gas at first enters desulfurizing tower, contact with cleaning solution, particularly be to spray the atomizing back by the wash spray device to contact with flue gas, flue gas is lowered the temperature by chilling, and the water content in the flue gas is because the water evaporates in the cleaning solution enters flue gas and increases, cleaning solution is evaporated by the flue gas of heat and is concentrated, and directly enters the crystallization tank that is positioned at the desulfurizing tower bottom in tower, and ammonia sulfate crystal is separated out in cleaning solution supersaturation crystallization; Flue gas middle strong acidity gas comprises SO simultaneously
3Be washed absorption with HCl etc. and also enter cleaning solution, flue gas through becoming the washing flue gas behind the washing demister, enters absorber portion by the gas cap that rises on the dividing plate between washing section and the absorber portion more again.Entering the washing flue gas of absorber portion contacts with the absorption liquid that process absorbent recirculation pump extraction from oxidation pond is transported to absorber portion, specifically contact with the absorption liquid that absorbs the spray thrower sprinkling, absorb the weakly acidic sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, become the purification flue gas through behind the demister again.
Absorption liquid is from oxidation pond, after replenishing raw material ammonia and water, enter absorber portion, obtain ammonium sulfite after having absorbed sulfur dioxide, also have ammonium bisulfite, its mutual ratio is determined by the pH value, collect the back from the dividing plate of absorber portion again and get back to oxidation pond by downspout and reflux pipeline, by the air oxidation that blasted is ammonium sulfate, keeps its concentration, makes it can not surpass solubility under the respective conditions.
Replenish ammonium sulfate to guarantee the water evaporates needed moisture of washing section by oxidation pond to washing section and crystallization tank by the absorption liquid rear pump, the rare ammonium sulfate solution that comes from oxidation pond is concentrated at washing section simultaneously, in the crystallization tank crystallization is ammonium sulfate solids, becomes the ammonium sulfate slurries.
In crystallization tank, ammonia sulfate crystal is separated out in sulphur ammonium slurries crystallization after concentrating, extracts the ammonium sulfate dilute slurry, after concentrating through the one-level cyclone, obtain ammonium sulfate underflow liquid, be stored in the growing the grain groove, allow the ammonia sulfate crystal continued growth, improve the quality, further concentrate by follow-up second cyclone again, enter centrifuge again and separate the water content obtain wetting less than 5% solid ammonium sulfate, obtain dry ammonium sulfate again after the drying, packing is sold.From the one-level cyclone, clear liquid that second cyclone and centrifuge come out or mother liquor mother liquor are back in the crystallization tank, further are recycled to the washing section evaporation and concentration, and further crystallization makes whole flow process walk out of the discharging of existing waste water.
Compare with the prior art scheme, adopt the beneficial effect of the external flue gas desulfur device of oxidation pond of the present utility model to be, because with oxidizing process and washing concentrating, crystallization and absorption process independently split, strengthen the efficient of oxidation greatly, guaranteed carrying out smoothly of sweetening process, guaranteed the control of the escaping of ammonia, and guaranteed the utilization ratio of ammonia can guarantee that the ammonia utilization ratio is more than 98%; Simultaneously, can also promote significantly to have reduced secondary pollution for aerocolloidal control.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the external flue gas desulfur device of oxidation pond of the present utility model is described in further detail.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the flue gas desulfur device that a kind of oxidation pond is external, comprise desulfurizing tower 5, also comprise the oxidation pond 6 that is arranged on outside the described desulfurizing tower 5, be connected by being located at the outer absorbent recirculation pump 11 of tower between oxidation pond 6 and the desulfurizing tower 5, the import of described absorbent recirculation pump 11 is connected with oxidation pond 6 bottoms, outlet is connected by being located at the outer absorption liquid pipeloop 65 of tower with desulfurizing tower 5 tops, and, also be connected between described desulfurizing tower 5 and the oxidation pond 6 by being located at the outer absorption liquid reflux pipeline 63 of tower.
The flue gas desulfur device that aforesaid oxidation pond is external, described oxidation pond 6 is a cylindrical vessel, the bottom cylindrical shell is provided with oxidation air entrance sleeve 13, the top is provided with oxidation air discharge connection 64, and the diameter of described oxidation pond 6 is 1.0 times of described desulfurizing tower 5 tower body diameters, highly is 1.25 times of desulfurizing tower 5 tower body diameters; Described oxidation pond 6 inside are provided with the air bubbler 62 that is connected with described oxidation air entrance sleeve 13, and store absorption liquid 61, and described absorption liquid 61 is an ammonium sulfate solution, and its ammonium sulfate concentrations is 15;
The gas approach 52 of desulfurizing tower 5 is positioned at its middle and lower part, exhanst gas outlet 58 is positioned at its top, gas approach 52 belows are crystallization tank or claim the cycles of washing groove, be provided with agitator 50, described gas approach 52 tops are called washing section, are provided with wash spray device 53, and described wash spray device 53 tops are called absorber portion, be provided with absorption spray thrower 56, be provided with dividing plate 55 between described wash spray device 53 and the absorption spray thrower 56; Be provided with washing demister 54 between described wash spray device 53 and the described dividing plate 55, described dividing plate 55 is provided with flue gas and rises gas cap 60 and absorption liquid outflow downspout 59; Above described absorption spray thrower 56, described desulfurizing tower exports 58 belows and also is provided with absorption demister 57.
Further, the flue gas desulfur device that aforesaid oxidation pond is external, described desulfurizing tower 5 bottoms store ammonium sulfate slurries 51, and described ammonium sulfate slurries contain ammonium sulfate solids, and ammonium sulfate concentrations 55%;
Described washing demister 54 also includes the rinse spray device, and described rinse spray device is connected with described oxidation pond 6 bottoms with absorption liquid rear pump 9 by absorption liquid export pipeline 66;
Described desulfurizing tower 5 bottoms are connected with cleaning circulation pump 8, and the outlet of described cleaning circulation pump 8 is connected with described wash spray device 53, and described washing follows 2 of pumps, 2 of circulation lines, and wash spray device 53 is 2 groups.
Further, aforesaid a kind of ammonia type flue gas desulfurizing apparatus that has oxidation pond, described desulfurizing tower 5 bottoms are connected with slurries rear pump 7, described slurries rear pump 7 connects one-level cyclone 4 again, the underflow opening of described one-level cyclone 4 connects growing the grain groove 3, overfall is communicated with described desulfurizing tower 5 bottoms again by pipeline 27, and described growing the grain groove stores ammonium sulfate slurries 31;
Described growing the grain groove 3 also connects sulphur ammonium slurries rear pump 18, and connect second cyclone 19 successively again, liquid-solid separation equipment 21, drying equipment 22 and packaging facilities 23, and the mother liquor pipeline 26 of the clear liquid pipeline 25 of second cyclone 19 and centrifuge 21 all is communicated with described desulfurizing tower 5 bottoms.
Further, the flue gas desulfur device that aforesaid oxidation pond is external, the exhanst gas outlet 58 of described desulfurizing tower 5 directly is connected with in line chimney 28, and the height of described in line chimney 28 is at 60m.
The flue gas desulfur device that aforesaid oxidation pond is external, operate as follows:
Former flue gas 10 contains highly acid gas and weakly acidic sulfur dioxide gas, 135 ℃ of temperature, at first enter desulfurizing tower 5, contact with cleaning solution 51, particularly be to spray the atomizing back by wash spray device 53 to contact with flue gas, flue gas is lowered the temperature by chilling, and the water content in the flue gas is because the water evaporates in the cleaning solution 51 enters flue gas and increases, cleaning solution 51 is evaporated by the flue gas of heat and is concentrated, directly enter the crystallization tank that is positioned at desulfurizing tower 5 bottoms in tower, ammonia sulfate crystal is separated out in cleaning solution 51 supersaturation crystallizations; Flue gas middle strong acidity gas comprises SO simultaneously
3Be washed absorption with HCl etc. and also enter cleaning solution 51, flue gas through becoming washing flue gas 30 behind the washing demister 54, enters absorber portion by the gas cap 60 that rises on the dividing plate between washing section and the absorber portion 55 more again.Entering the washing flue gas 30 of absorber portion contacts with the absorption liquid 61 that process absorbent recirculation pump 11 extractions from oxidation pond 6 are transported to absorber portion, specifically contact with the absorption liquid 61 that absorbs spray thrower 56 sprinklings, absorb the weakly acidic sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, purify flue gas 30 through becoming behind the demister 57 again, enter atmosphere from chimney 28.
Absorption liquid 61 is from oxidation pond 6, after replenishing raw material ammonia 2 and water 1, enter absorber portion, obtain ammonium sulfite after having absorbed sulfur dioxide, also have ammonium bisulfite, its mutual ratio is determined by the pH value, collect the back from the dividing plate 55 of absorber portion again and get back to oxidation pond 6 by downspout 59 and reflux pipeline 63, be oxidized to ammonium sulfate by the air 13 that blasted, keep its concentration, make it can not surpass solubility under the respective conditions.
Replenish ammonium sulfate to guarantee the water evaporates needed moisture of washing section by oxidation pond 6 to the washing section and the crystallization tank of desulfurizing tower 5 by absorption liquid rear pump 9, rare ammonium sulfate solution from oxidation pond 6 is concentrated at washing section simultaneously, crystallization tank crystallization in the desulfurizing tower bottom is an ammonium sulfate solids, becomes ammonium sulfate slurries 51.
In crystallization tank, ammonia sulfate crystal is separated out in sulphur ammonium slurries 51 crystallizations after concentrating, extracts the ammonium sulfate dilute slurry, after concentrating through one-level cyclone 4, obtain ammonium sulfate underflow liquid 31, be stored in the growing the grain groove 3, allow the ammonia sulfate crystal continued growth, improve the quality, further concentrate by follow-up second cyclone 19 again, enter centrifuge 21 again and separate the water content that obtains wetting less than 5% solid ammonium sulfate, obtain dry ammonium sulfate again after the drying, packing is sold.From one-level cyclone 4, clear liquid that second cyclone 19 and centrifuge 21 come out or mother liquor mother liquor are back in the crystallization tank of desulfurizing tower 5 bottoms, further are recycled to the washing section evaporation and concentration, and further crystallization makes whole flow process walk out of the discharging of existing waste water.