CN201663027U

CN201663027U - Springless direct-acting high-speed switching electromagnet

Info

Publication number: CN201663027U
Application number: CN201020145381XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟彬; 阮健; 李胜; 鲁立中
Original assignee: Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
Current assignee: Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
Priority date: 2010-03-30
Filing date: 2010-03-30
Publication date: 2010-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2020-03-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a springless direct-acting high-speed switching electromagnet which comprises a front end cover, a rear end cover, a yoke iron part and an armature part, wherein the armature part comprises an armature and a push rod used for being linked with a valve core of a digital switching valve; the armature is fixedly installed on the push rod; both ends of the push rod can be sleeved on the front end cover and/or the rear end cover in a sliding manner; the yoke iron part comprises a first yoke iron, a second yoke iron, a third yoke iron, a magnetic isolation ring, a coil and a permanent magnet; the first yoke iron, the second yoke iron and the third yoke iron are respectively arranged on the outer ring of the armature; both the first yoke iron and the second yoke iron take a semi-open shape; the openings of the first yoke iron and the second yoke iron are opposite and constitute a cavity; the magnetic isolation ring is positioned in the cavity; the coil is wound on the magnetic isolation ring to form a current excitation source; the third yoke iron takes a solid circular shape; and the permanent magnet is positioned between the second yoke iron and the third yoke iron and axially magnetized into an N-pole and an S-pole. The springless direct-acting high-speed switching electromagnet has the advantages of large electromagnetic thrust, high dynamic response, simple structure, low processing cost, good reliability and long service life.

Description

Spring-free directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the electromechanical switching mechanism that electricity (gas) liquid high speed valve is used in fluid transmission and the control field, relates in particular to a kind of spring-free directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet.

Background technology

Generally speaking, the control signal of pulse-width modulation type high speed valve is that a series of amplitudes equate and at the different pulse signal of each cycle insied width, its electromechanical converter mainly is a high-speed switch electromagnet, electromagnet armature is in the extreme position adhesive during pulse high level, under the effect of mechanical spring power, reset during low level, with standard-sized sheet and two kinds of operating states of full cut-off of this corresponding high-speed switch valve.

For the high-speed switch electromagnet that requires rapidity, back-moving spring is one of critical component, and its rigidity has directly determined the natural frequency of the return time and the electromagnet of armature; Yet spring in use inevitably fatigue, fracture and corrosion etc. can occur as machine components, thereby causes the integrity problem of electromagnet, influences the useful life of electromagnet, when serious even cause electromagnet to lose efficacy; In addition, when electromagnet designs, also need to consider the installation method and the position of spring, thereby make its internal structure complexity, the processing cost height.

Summary of the invention

For short deficiency of the complex structure that overcomes existing spring directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet, processing cost height, poor reliability, useful life, but the utility model provides that a kind of double action simple in structure, processing cost are low, the spring-free directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet of good reliability, long service life.

The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is:

A kind of spring-free directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet, comprise front end housing and rear end cap, described high-speed switch electromagnet also comprises yoke parts and armature assembly, the push rod that described armature assembly comprises armature and is used for linking with the digital switch valve core, described armature is fixedly mounted on the described push rod, described push rod is sleeved on front end housing and/or the rear end cap slidably, described yoke parts comprise first yoke, second yoke, the 3rd yoke, magnetism-isolating loop, coil and permanent magnet, described first yoke, second yoke, the 3rd yoke is arranged in described armature outer ring, described first yoke and second yoke all are the half opening shape, the opening of described first yoke and second yoke is relative and form cavity, described magnetism-isolating loop is positioned at described cavity, and described coil encircling is formed the current excitation source on magnetism-isolating loop; Described the 3rd yoke is the filled circles ring-type; Described permanent magnet changes into the N utmost point and the S utmost point between described second yoke and the 3rd yoke and by axial magnetic, described the 3rd yoke is fixedlyed connected with rear end cap, and described first yoke is fixedlyed connected with front end housing.

Further, described armature is the drag cup shape, adopts this shape, can effectively reduce the movement inertia of armature, improves its dynamic response.Certainly, described armature also can adopt other shapes,

Further again, the middle-end of described armature is provided with axis hole, and described push rod is connected with the axis hole interference of armature, and described push rod is supported on front end housing and/or the rear end cap by linear bearing.

Further, outer surface at described armature has the canine tooth that the identical axial unequal interval of three facewidth of a, b and c distributes, three canine tooth a, the b of the pole-core width of first yoke, second yoke and the 3rd yoke and armature outer surface and the facewidth of c equate, the unified P that is designated as _tThe axial dimension sum S of the pole-core width of the 3rd yoke, second yoke and permanent magnet _KAnd between the canine tooth a of armature outer surface and the canine tooth b apart from G _KSatisfy relational expression S _K=G _K+ P _t/ 2; The length L s of whole yoke parts and the length L of armature _RBetween satisfy relational expression L _R=L _S+ P _t/ 2.

Need to prove, the pole-core width of each yoke can be unequal with the facewidth of canine tooth, mutual position relation also may not need described as described above, yet adopt aforesaid position relation can satisfy the requirement of Current Control magnetic field and the differential stack in permanent-magnet pole magnetizing field preferably, make electromagnet obtain bigger thrust and higher dynamic response, thereby should be as preferred scheme.

The beneficial effects of the utility model mainly show: 1, cancelled the common mechanical return spring of high-speed switch electromagnet, use problems such as china natural resources is enriched and cheap permanent magnetism rare earth material neodymium iron boron provides ELECTROMAGNETIC STIFFNESS to play the effect of back-moving spring as permanent magnet, and electromagnet poor reliability, the useful life of having avoided fatigue, fracture and corrosion owing to spring to bring is short instead; 2, armature is made drag cup structure, and movement inertia is little, the frequency response height, and response speed is fast, and dynamic property is good, is fit to the rapidity requirement of switch electromagnet; 3, electromagnet thrust is big, and load capacity is strong; 4, electromagnet structure is simple, low cost of manufacture; 5, electromagnet can double action; 6, because the existence of ELECTROMAGNETIC STIFFNESS, the electromagnet commutation and impact when resetting and noise little, working stability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural principle schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a physical dimension schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 a is the operation principle schematic diagram that armature of the present utility model is in the no power stream mode.

Fig. 3 b is the operation principle schematic diagram that armature of the present utility model is in an energising poised state.

Fig. 3 c is the operation principle schematic diagram that armature of the present utility model is in another energising poised state.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further described.

With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 3 c, a kind of spring-free directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet, comprise yoke parts, armature assembly, front end housing 1 and rear end cap 8, described yoke parts are positioned at the outside of armature assembly, described armature assembly comprises the armature 4 and the push rod 3 that can link to each other with the digital switch valve core of drag cup shape, hollow cup-shaped armature 4 is installed on the push rod 3, and the two ends of described push rod 3 are supported on front end housing 1 and the rear end cap 8 by linear bearing 2, and the push rod middle-end is connected with the axis hole interference of armature 4; Described yoke parts comprise first yoke 5, second yoke 6, the 3rd yoke 7, magnetism-isolating loop 10, coil 11 and permanent magnet 9, described first yoke 5 and second yoke 6 all are the half opening shape, described first yoke 5, second yoke 6, the 3rd yoke 7 are arranged in the armature outer ring, the opening of described first yoke 5 and second yoke 6 is relative and form cavity, described magnetism-isolating loop 10 usefulness non-magnet materials are made, be positioned at described cavity, described coil 11 is looped around forms the current excitation source on the magnetism-isolating loop 10; Described the 3rd yoke 7 is the filled circles ring-type; Described permanent magnet 9 changes into the N utmost point and the S utmost point between described second yoke 6 and the 3rd yoke 7 and by axial magnetic; Described the 3rd yoke 7 is fixedlyed connected with rear end cap 8, and described first yoke 5 is fixedlyed connected with front end housing 1.

Present embodiment is that push rod is sleeved on a kind of implementation on front end housing and/or the rear end cap slidably, also can adopt another structure: an end of push rod is fixedlyed connected (interference fit) with the axis hole of armature, and the other end of push rod is supported on the front end housing by linear bearing; Can also adopt another structure: an end of push rod is supported on the rear end cap by linear bearing, and the other end of push rod is fixedlyed connected (interference fit) with the axis hole of armature.

For reducing the movement inertia of armature, designed the armature 4 of described drag cup shape, to obtain high dynamic response, satisfy the needs of switch electromagnet speed-sensitive switch; Have the canine tooth that the identical axial unequal interval of three facewidth of a, b and c distributes at armature 4 outer surfaces; For making electromagnet obtain bigger thrust and higher dynamic response, the pole-core width of first yoke 5, second yoke 6 and the 3rd yoke 7 should equate the unified P that is designated as with three canine tooth a, the b of armature 4 outer surfaces and the facewidth of c _tThe pole-core width of the 3rd yoke 7, second yoke 6 and the axial dimension sum S of permanent magnet _KAnd between the canine tooth a of armature 4 outer surfaces and the canine tooth b apart from G _KMust satisfy relational expression S _K=G _K+ P _t/ 2; And the length L of the length L s of whole yoke parts and armature 4 _RBetween must satisfy relational expression L _R=L _S+ P _t/ 2.

For satisfying the needs of electromagnet operate as normal, front end housing 1, rear end cap 8 and push rod 3 are made by non-magnet material; And first yoke 5, second yoke 6, the 3rd yoke 7 and armature 4 are made by the soft magnetic material of high magnetic permeability.

Present embodiment is an example with the identical big toothing of three facewidth of uneven distribution on the high-speed switch electromagnet armature, and the utility model is described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The operation principle of present embodiment: shown in Fig. 3 a, first yoke 5, second yoke 6, the 3rd yoke 7 form three sections effective working gas gaps with drag cup armature 4 respectively; In the time of coil 11 obstructed electric currents, the polarizing magnetic field that each extremely descends to have only in the working gas gap permanent magnet to produce, because whole permanent magnetic circuit is also asymmetric, its total magnetic conductance is relevant with the position of armature 4, electromagnet will rest on the position of the total magnetic conductance maximum of magnetic circuit automatically, be initial rest position, this moment, the pole body position of the 3rd yoke 7 overlapped with the canine tooth a of armature 4 outer surfaces, and the pole body position of second yoke 6 and first yoke 5 respectively with the canine tooth b of armature 4 outer surfaces and the canine tooth c facewidth (P that staggers half _t/ 2) distance, electromagnet stays in initial rest position; When coil 11 feeds shown in Fig. 3 b

During the electric current of direction (inwards) along paper, because the permanent magnet magnetic resistance is bigger, Current Control magnetic field and permanent-magnet pole magnetizing field mutual superposition in the working gas gap of each self-forming of canine tooth c on the canine tooth b on second yoke 6 and armature 4, first yoke 5 and the armature 4 just then, wherein controlling magnetic field is identical with permanent-magnet pole magnetizing field direction under the air gap of second yoke 6 and canine tooth b, magnetic field intensity mutual superposition and strengthening; Current field is opposite with permanent-magnet pole magnetizing field direction under the air gap of first yoke 5 and canine tooth c, magnetic field intensity is cancelled out each other and is weakened, the current strength of suitable control coil 11, can be so that the air-gap field of first yoke 5 and canine tooth c approaches zero, then this moment drag cup armature 4 to be subjected to electromagnetic push and to move right until itself suffered making a concerted effort be zero, this moment, armature was in the energising equilbrium position; Similarly, when coil 11 feeds the electric current of ⊙ direction (outside along paper) shown in Fig. 3 c, controlling magnetic field is opposite with permanent-magnet pole magnetizing field direction under the air gap of second yoke 6 and canine tooth b, magnetic field intensity is cancelled out each other and is weakened, the current strength of suitable control coil 11 can be so that the air-gap field of second yoke 6 and canine tooth b approaches zero; Current field is identical with permanent-magnet pole magnetizing field direction under the air gap of first yoke 5 and canine tooth c, magnetic field intensity mutual superposition and strengthening, this moment drag cup armature 4 to be subjected to electromagnetic push and to be moved to the left until itself suffered making a concerted effort be zero, armature is in another energising equilbrium position; When coil 11 outages, electromagnet is got back to the initial rest position shown in Fig. 3 a under the effect of permanent magnet pole magnetizing field.Can see, as long as the current switching of control coil 11 just can be controlled the two-way action back and forth fast of electromagnet, and suitably adjusts the structural parameters of electromagnet itself, can control the length of armature 4 displacements, thereby realize two kinds of operating states of open and close of digital switch valve.

Above-mentioned embodiment is used for explaining the utility model; rather than the utility model limited; in the protection range of spirit of the present utility model and claim, any modification and change to the utility model is made all fall into protection range of the present utility model.

Claims

1. spring-free directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet, comprise front end housing and rear end cap, it is characterized in that: described high-speed switch electromagnet also comprises yoke parts and armature assembly, described armature assembly comprises armature and the push rod that links with the digital switch valve core, described armature is fixedly mounted on the described push rod, described push rod is sleeved on front end housing and/or the rear end cap slidably, described yoke parts comprise first yoke, second yoke, the 3rd yoke, magnetism-isolating loop, coil and permanent magnet, described first yoke, second yoke, the 3rd yoke is arranged in described armature outer ring, described first yoke and second yoke all are the half opening shape, the opening of described first yoke and second yoke is relative and form cavity, described magnetism-isolating loop is positioned at described cavity, and described coil encircling is formed the current excitation source on magnetism-isolating loop; Described the 3rd yoke is the filled circles ring-type; Described permanent magnet changes into the N utmost point and the S utmost point between described second yoke and the 3rd yoke and by axial magnetic, described the 3rd yoke is fixedlyed connected with rear end cap, and described first yoke is fixedlyed connected with front end housing.

2. spring-free directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described armature is the drag cup shape.

3. spring-free directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the middle-end of described armature is provided with axis hole, and described push rod is connected with the axis hole interference of armature, and described push rod is supported on front end housing and/or the rear end cap by linear bearing.

4. as the described spring-free directly operated type high-speed switch electromagnet of one of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: the outer surface at described armature has the canine tooth that the identical axial unequal interval of three facewidth of a, b and c distributes, three canine tooth a, the b of the pole-core width of first yoke, second yoke and the 3rd yoke and armature outer surface and the facewidth of c equate, the unified P that is designated as _tThe axial dimension sum S of the pole-core width of the 3rd yoke, second yoke and permanent magnet _KAnd between the canine tooth a of armature outer surface and the canine tooth b apart from G _KSatisfy relational expression S _K=G _K+ P _t/ 2; The length L s of whole yoke parts and the length L of armature _RBetween satisfy relational expression L _R=L _S+ P _t/ 2.