CN201634673U - A biogas production fermentation device - Google Patents
A biogas production fermentation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201634673U CN201634673U CN201020129672XU CN201020129672U CN201634673U CN 201634673 U CN201634673 U CN 201634673U CN 201020129672X U CN201020129672X U CN 201020129672XU CN 201020129672 U CN201020129672 U CN 201020129672U CN 201634673 U CN201634673 U CN 201634673U
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
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- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/58—Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel
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Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种沼气生产发酵装置，其包括一个发酵单元或紧邻设置的二个以上的发酵单元，任一所述发酵单元包括一厌氧池、覆盖在该厌氧池上方的一柔性覆皮、一设置于该厌氧池上方并处于所述柔性覆皮内部的沼气出气管，以及布设于所述厌氧池的顶部内沿的一喷淋装置。本装置实现了以秸秆或动物粪便或其他生物废料等总固体、悬浮物含量高的有机物料为原料生产沼气，在运行期间能够连续地、稳定地生产沼气，物料降解率和转化生成沼气产率高，且方便物料进料、出料，还可以很好的防止浮渣的大规模产生，防止物料结壳，容积利用率高，为大规模生产沼气奠定基础。
The utility model provides a biogas production fermentation device, which comprises a fermentation unit or two or more fermentation units adjacent to each other, any one of the fermentation units comprises an anaerobic tank, a flexible flexible tank covering the anaerobic tank The coating, a biogas outlet pipe arranged above the anaerobic tank and inside the flexible coating, and a spray device arranged on the inner edge of the top of the anaerobic tank. This device realizes the production of biogas from organic materials with high total solids and suspended solids such as straw or animal manure or other biological wastes, and can continuously and stably produce biogas during operation. High, and convenient for material feeding and discharging, it can also prevent the large-scale generation of scum and crusting of materials, and the volume utilization rate is high, laying the foundation for large-scale production of biogas.
Description
[technical field]
The utility model relates to technical field of biological fermentation, and particularly a kind of is the biogas production fermentation unit of raw material with total solidss such as stalk or animal excrement or other biological waste material, organic materials that suspension content is high.
[background technology]
Utilize the high organic materials of total solids, suspension content generally need take strict pre-treatment in the prior art, with the material chopping or pulverize charging, in fermentation unit, carry out anaerobically fermenting then, produce biogas for the method for raw material production biogas.
The fermentation unit that is used for biogas production in the prior art mainly is an anaerobic digester, and anaerobic digester comprises the pond body, and body top in pond has Chi Gai, has waste pipe on the body of pond, the escape pipe of shore pipe and collecting methane.Pollutent enters in the body of pond by waste pipe, by the biochemical reaction of the intravital anaerobic activated sludge in pond, and degraded, conversion organic pollutant, the sediment in the pollutent is discharged by shore pipe through the deposition back.
Adopt said apparatus to produce biogas, if with suspended substance and the high raw material of total solid concentration, because of its solids concn and concentration of suspension height, no matter shred or whether pulverize, all can cause material fluidity poor, input and output material is difficulty relatively.Material is in anaerobic fermentation process, and pool inner water branch gradually reduces, and easily produces scum silica frost, causes pond inner top material easily to produce the crust phenomenon, influences the degraded and the aerogenesis of material; And material fermentation concentration is higher, is unfavorable for the effusion of biogas, influences the treatment effect and the aerogenesis effect of single unit system.
In sum, the device of above-mentioned production biogas of the prior art has following shortcoming:
1, fermentative degradation rate and the utilization ratio to material is low, and factor of created gase is few.
2, the processing treatment of material chopping or pulverizing needs corresponding mechanical means and certain labor force, causes investment and running cost height.If material does not shred or pulverizes, can cause the anaerobic pond difficult feed, more seriously blocking pipe in operational process causes systemic breakdown.
3, biogas production amount and supply are discontinuous, unstable, have influenced in the subsequent step processing such as further purification to biogas, storage, make the biogas can not large-scale production and rationally utilize.High investment and high running cost have also hindered utilizes total solids, material that suspension content is high to be raw material production biogas, also is subjected to great limitation in industrial and agricultural production and application in life.
[utility model content]
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of biogas production fermentation unit, and always consubstantiality, organic materials that suspension content is high are raw material, prevents the material crust, material degradation rate and the conversion productive rate height that forms methane.
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is achieved in that a kind of biogas production fermentation unit, tool comprises the fermentation unit more than two that a fermentation unit or next-door neighbour are provided with, the flexibility that arbitrary described fermentation unit comprises an anaerobic pond, cover this anaerobic pond top is covered skin, and is arranged at this anaerobic pond top and is in the biogas escape pipe that described flexibility is covered intracutaneous portion, and a spray equipment that is laid in edge in the top of described anaerobic pond.
Described spray equipment further comprises the cyclic shower on edge in the top that is set up in described anaerobic pond, and a plurality of spray headers of uniform distribution on the shower.
Also comprise an end position that is arranged at described anaerobic pond and a reflux unit that can be communicated with described spray equipment.Described reflux unit comprises that further one jiao at least one water hole, excessively that is arranged on anaerobic pond inside is arranged at backflash, a natural pond liquid recycling effluent pipe of described anaerobic pond outside, an and natural pond liquid backflow water inlet pipe, described anaerobic pond, mistake water hole, backflash, natural pond liquid recycling effluent pipe, natural pond liquid backflow water inlet pipe, and described spray equipment is communicated with successively.Described reflux unit also comprises a tracery wall that is arranged at described water hole front end excessively, a leakage dropping-board that is arranged at described tracery wall top and at least one filter screen that is arranged in the described backflash.
Described reflux unit also comprises a reflux pump that is arranged at described anaerobic pond bottom, and described reflux pump also has a pump lifting gear.
The top of described anaerobic pond is a big open end, and the bottom is a wedged bottom, and the end that this wedged bottom is in spoil disposal is lower than the relative the other end.The complex root cross bar is set up corresponding to the default high plane of restriction stalk compartment of terrain in the inside of described anaerobic pond.
Described biogas escape pipe and the total pipe coupling of collecting methane, and described biogas escape pipe is equipped with water seal arrangement, and described collecting methane house steward end is equipped with constant pressure arrangement.Keep constant pressure in the treatment unit by constant pressure arrangement, both helped that soft material was covered skin and propped up, can guarantee the operating safety, stable, reliable of treatment unit again.Constant pressure arrangement makes the pressure of anaerobic pond remain the hydraulic pressure of constant pressure arrangement, when the pressure of anaerobic pond during greater than the hydraulic pressure of constant pressure arrangement, can the intravital pressure of anaerobic pond be discharged automatically by pipeline.
It is that the soft material of exoskeletal design is made that described flexibility is covered skin, and this flexibility is covered skin and fixed by the hook of convenient mounting or dismounting.
The top of described anaerobic pond also also is provided with a water sealed tank corresponding to the edge that described flexibility is covered skin, and this water sealed tank also has a water sealed tank evacuated tube and water sealed tank upflow tube.
The number of described fermentation unit is four adjacent side by side in twos layouts, and described reflux unit is positioned at the periphery of these four fermentation unit.
Advantage of the present utility model is: this device has realized that with total solidss such as stalk or animal excrement or other biological waste material, organic materials that suspension content is high be raw material production biogas, can continuously, stably produce biogas at run duration, material degradation rate and the conversion productive rate height that forms methane, make things convenient for material charging, discharging, can also well prevent the extensive generation of scum silica frost, prevent the material crust, the capacity utilization height is for scale operation biogas lays the foundation.This device range of application is wider, and it can be used to handle various organic pollutants.
[description of drawings]
In conjunction with the embodiments the utility model is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the plan structure synoptic diagram of the utility model biogas production fermentation unit one preferred embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic along the A-A direction of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional schematic along the B-B direction of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional schematic along the C-C direction of Fig. 1.
[embodiment]
See also Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 4, the biogas production fermentation unit that the utility model is wanted, can comprise the fermentation unit more than two 10 that a fermentation unit or next-door neighbour are provided with, being shown as among the figure is the adjacent side by side in twos layouts of four fermentation unit 10, but not as limit.
The flexibility that arbitrary described fermentation unit 10 comprises an anaerobic pond 1, cover this anaerobic pond 1 top is covered skin 2, and is arranged at this anaerobic pond 1 top and is in described flexibility and cover the biogas escape pipe (not shown) of skin 2 inside, a spray equipment 3, and a reflux unit 4.
Described anaerobic pond 1 is used to place fermenting of stalk and feces of livestock and poultry, and the top of described anaerobic pond 1 is a big worn-out mouth 11, and the bottom is a wedged bottom 12, and the end that this wedged bottom 12 is in spoil disposal is lower than the relative the other end, is beneficial to bed mud and concentrates to a side, is convenient to spoil disposal.Complex root cross bar 13 is set up corresponding to the default high plane of restriction stalk compartment of terrain in the inside of described anaerobic pond 1, with the high plane of restriction stalk, prevents to produce upper strata stalk and soak solution separation phenomenon because of stalk excessively floats, and guarantees that anaerobically fermenting normally carries out.The top of described anaerobic pond 1 also also is provided with a water sealed tank 14 corresponding to the edge that described flexibility is covered skin 2, to form an airtight anaerobically fermenting environment between the skin 2 by described anaerobic pond 1 of water seal mode and flexible covering, this water sealed tank 14 also has a water sealed tank evacuated tube 141 and water sealed tank overflow port 142, liquid level in the clear water when being used to keep in repair in the emptied of water sealing groove, constant water sealing groove.Also be communicated with the dirty water inlet pipe 15 of an excrement in the described anaerobic pond 1, the dirty water inlet pipe 15 of described excrement is as the flow channel of feces of livestock and poultry, can add feces of livestock and poultry to improve organism in the anaerobic pond 1 by the dirty water inlet pipe 15 of this excrement when the fermentation gas amount is low, improve anaerobic fermentation tolerance.
Described flexibility is covered skin 2 and is covered in anaerobic pond 1 top, and it is made for soft material that flexibility is covered skin 2, covers plastics such as skin and other polyvinyl chloride, poly-third ethene or modified plastics etc. as adopting red-sludge plastic.Flexibility is covered skin 2 and is utilized the biogas air pressure that produces during the fermentation to cover the supporting motive force of skin 2 as flexibility, makes flexibility cover skin 2 and heaves, thereby realize exoskeletal design, to reduce cost.Flexibility is covered skin 2 and is formed the anaerobically fermenting environment with anaerobic pond 1, and flexibility is covered skin 2 and also had good heat absorption capacity, makes full use of sun power, improves leavening temperature, the growth, the propagation that help anerobe, be fixed in easy installation, dismounting maintenance, easy, the conveniently moving in clear pond by linking up with 22.
Described biogas escape pipe is connected with collecting methane house steward (not shown), and described biogas escape pipe is equipped with water seal arrangement (not shown), and water seal arrangement can be collected the water of condensation on the biogas outlet conduit, prevents that the biogas outlet pipe from stopping up, and it is smooth and easy to guarantee to give vent to anger.Described collecting methane house steward end is equipped with constant pressure arrangement (not shown).Keep constant pressure in the treatment unit by constant pressure arrangement, both helped that soft material was covered skin and propped up, can guarantee the operating safety, stable, reliable of treatment unit again.Constant pressure arrangement makes the pressure of anaerobic pond remain the hydraulic pressure of constant pressure arrangement, when the pressure of anaerobic pond during greater than the hydraulic pressure of constant pressure arrangement, can the intravital pressure of anaerobic pond be discharged automatically by pipeline.
Described spray equipment 3 is laid in edge in the top of described anaerobic pond 1, is used for keeping the skin wet to anaerobic pond 1, and it can connect the external water source spray, also can adopt natural pond liquid backflow automatic spray.This spray equipment 3 further comprises the cyclic shower 31 on edge in the top that is set up in described anaerobic pond 1, a plurality of spray headers 32 of uniform distribution on this shower 31.
Described reflux unit 4 is arranged at an end position of described anaerobic pond 1, is shown as the whole left and right outer end of four fermentation unit 10 adjacent side by side cloth postpone in twos among the figure, but not as limit, described reflux unit 4 also can be communicated with described spray equipment 3.Described reflux unit 4 further comprises one jiao at least one water hole 41 of crossing that is arranged on anaerobic pond 1 inside, one is arranged at the backflash 42 of described anaerobic pond 1 outside, one natural pond liquid recycling effluent pipe 43, an and natural pond liquid backflow water inlet pipe 44, described anaerobic pond 1, cross water hole 41, backflash 42, natural pond liquid recycling effluent pipe 43, natural pond liquid backflow water inlet pipe 44, and described spray equipment 3 is communicated with successively, to form liquid return flow line, a natural pond, so, can utilize the natural pond liquid of generation to spray during the fermentation, to keep anaerobic pond 1 water level, material is fully contacted with zymophyte, and prevent that material from floating crust, thereby improve the degradation rate and the biogas yield of material, described natural pond liquid recycling effluent pipe 43 can set up by the pipe trench 16 that defaults in anaerobic pond 1 upper limb.
Described reflux unit 4 also comprises a reflux pump 45 that is arranged at described anaerobic pond bottom, by the control respectively of natural pond liquid return valve (end diagram) and spoil disposal valve (end diagram), is used for regularly that natural pond liquid refluxes and bed mud discharges.Described reflux pump 45 also has a pump lifting gear 46, is used for promoting and transferring reflux pump 45, is convenient to the I﹠M of cocurrent flow pump 45.Described reflux unit 4 also comprises a tracery wall 47 that is arranged at described water hole 41 front ends excessively, a leakage dropping-board 48 that is arranged at described tracery wall 47 tops and at least one filter screen 49 that is arranged in the described backflash 42, to hold back materials such as bigger straw of sectional area or feces of livestock and poultry, prevent to stop up reflux pump 45, the lengthening raw material fully reacts aerogenesis in the residence time of anaerobic pond 1, alleviates the follow-up work load simultaneously.
When utilizing the utility model biogas production fermentation unit to carry out biogas production, can be undertaken by following step:
Step 100, the big open end 11 by described anaerobic pond 1 carry out charging, and material carried out pre-treatment, raw material is at least a in dry or fresh crop material, animal excrement, the biological waste, material need not to shred or pulverizes and directly adds inoculum or amendment and mix stack retting in anaerobic pond 1, fiber softening up to mixture, part decomposing materials wax, pectin, and reach certain temperature; Material and inoculum or amendment are that layering mixes, and the stack retting time was controlled at 2～15 days, and the moisture content of mixture is controlled in 50%～70% scope, and total solids level is controlled in 30%～50% scope.When described stack retting material leavening temperature more than 42 ℃, the time was at 2～3 days.The fiber softening of mixture is carried out smoothly, but also part decomposing materials wax, pectin have improved the temperature of mixture.Described inoculum or amendment are at least a of feces of livestock and poultry, natural pond liquid, methane-generating pit mud, sewage plant sludge, microbiobacterial agent, make raw material sources wide.After adding inoculum or amendment, the C/N ratio of whole material is controlled in 6～60 scopes.Wherein, the optimum state is that the C/N ratio with whole material is controlled in 25～30 scopes, to improve the effect of producing methane through anaerobic fermentation.
Step 200, inject in the anaerobic pond 1 that water or natural pond liquid finished to the material stack retting by described spray equipment 3, material is as the criterion water level in the pond to flood, and the total solids level in the control anaerobic pond 1 is in 10%～20% scope, cover skin 2 with flexibility and be covered in top, anaerobic reaction chamber, sealing is fermented; Replenish after the liquid of natural pond, the C/N ratio of whole material is controlled in 6～60 scopes.Wherein, the optimum state is that the C/N ratio with whole material is controlled in 25～30 scopes, to improve the effect of producing methane through anaerobic fermentation.
In step 300, the fermenting process, every 1～10 day backflow natural pond liquid or keep the skin wet, with the range of stage before water level and the sealing and fermenting in the control anaerobic pond 1 within ± 5%, total solids level in the assurance anaerobic pond 1 is in 10%～20% scope, and regularly stir the extensive crust that prevents material, collect biogas simultaneously; By reflux pump 45 natural pond liquid and excess sludge are discharged simultaneously, to adjust the volumetric loading of anaerobic pond 1; Its backflow natural pond liquid or the employing spray equipment 3 that keeps the skin wet carry out automatically, and described regular stirring adopts reflux pump 45 to carry out automatically, to improve automatization intensity.In addition also can be during anaerobically fermenting, again by artificial or machinery replenish throw in without or passed through the material of pre-treatment, increasing the output of biogas, its amount of replenishing the material of throwing in must guarantee that total solids level in the anaerobic pond is in 10%～25% scope.
Behind step 400, anaerobic pond 1 end of run, discharging.
Because the middle anaerobic pond 1 of above-mentioned fermentation unit is provided with a plurality of, engineering operation is designed to circulation batch type, to guarantee that each engineering operation phase has a fermentation vat at least at operation, aerogenesis, after a fermentation vat end of run discharging, carry out charging, stack retting and fermentation gas according to pre-treatment and predetermined fermentation time control material quantity again.And can continuously, stably produce biogas at run duration, make output and supply stable.
In sum, the utility model device has realized that with total solidss such as stalk or animal excrement or other biological waste material, organic materials that suspension content is high be raw material production biogas, can continuously, stably produce biogas at run duration, material degradation rate and the conversion productive rate height that forms methane, make things convenient for material charging, discharging, can also well prevent the extensive generation of scum silica frost, prevent the material crust, the capacity utilization height is for scale operation biogas lays the foundation.This device range of application is wider, and it can be used to handle various organic pollutants.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104152347A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-19 | 顾建 | Kitchen waste treatment system |
| CN107058073A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-18 | 福州北环环保技术开发有限公司 | A kind of dead livestock and poultry innocuity disposal system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104152347A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-19 | 顾建 | Kitchen waste treatment system |
| CN107058073A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-08-18 | 福州北环环保技术开发有限公司 | A kind of dead livestock and poultry innocuity disposal system |
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