Multiple-power reducing tower shelf type oil pumping machine
One. technical field: the utility model relates to a kind of oil pumper, particularly relates to a kind of multiple-power reducing tower shelf type oil pumping machine.
Two. background technology: in the oil recovery process of oil field, oil pumper is one of oil production equipment main in the oil producing operation.The common beam oil pumper has stroke less, from great, deficiency such as occupation of land is many, counterbalance effect is undesirable, the reduction box output torque fluctuates big efficient is low.Though the pylon oil pumper has advantages such as stroke is long, in light weight, floor space is little, energy-conservation.But also exist operation to step down, unload when making indicator card inconvenient, defectives such as reversing impact is big, nothing mistake year protection mostly.
Three. the utility model content:
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of reasonable in design, simple in structure, multiple-power reducing tower shelf type oil pumping machine that energy consumption is low and easy to operate is provided.
The technical solution of the utility model: a kind of multiple-power reducing tower shelf type oil pumping machine, contain pylon, base assembly and power assembly, described power assembly contains motor, reel and controller, described reel suit is fixed on the main shaft, described main shaft is installed on the described base assembly by two bearings and bearing support, the one end is connected with the output shaft of motor by reducer, and described motor and reducer are installed on the described base assembly, and described motor is connected with described controller; Suspender belt cannelure and back strap cannelure before being respectively arranged with on the described reel outer round surface, preceding suspender belt one end is fixed in the described preceding suspender belt cannelure, its other end passes from described pylon, walk around the front jocket wheel assembly that install on described pylon top respectively, again by the pulley on the semi girder that is fixed on described pylon top, walk around the pulley on the polished rod eye assembly again, be connected with described semi girder at last; Back strap one end is fixed in the described back strap cannelure, and its other end passes from described pylon, walks around the back guide wheel assembly that install on described pylon top, again by movable pulley mechanism, is connected with described pylon upper end at last; Described movable pulley mechanism lower end is connected with the counterweight assembly, and the rail assembly that is provided with on described counterweight assembly and the described pylon is slidingly matched.
Described motor is a switched reluctance machines, described controller adopts the PLC programmable logic controller, and the oil pumping of accurately controlling oil pumper is dynamic, and this controller also is provided with wireless remote sensing system, can realize Long-distance Control, the hand-held programmer gets final product the duty of remote wireless control oil pumper.
Described counterweight assembly is a fabricated structure, is formed by connecting by a plurality of ballast boxes, can increase and decrease; And, described counterweight assembly is provided with lubricated box, and described lubricated box is clamped on the guide upright post of described rail assembly, can slide up and down along guide upright post, be provided with lubricating grease in the described lubricated box, on the contact surface of described lubricated box and guide upright post the lubricating grease open-work be set.
Described semi girder rear end is by hinged on bearing and pin and the described pylon.
Be respectively arranged with two preceding suspender belt cannelures and two back strap cannelures on the described reel outer round surface, the suspender belt cannelure was all fixedlyed connected with an end of a preceding suspender belt before each was described, and each described back strap cannelure is all fixedlyed connected with an end of a back strap; The pulley of described back guide wheel assembly and movable pulley mechanism is the two-wheel groove, be complementary with two back straps respectively, described polished rod eye assembly contains two pulleys, described semi girder is two, pulley on the semi girder on described front jocket wheel assembly, described pylon top and the pulley on the polished rod eye assembly are the single-wheel groove, are complementary with two preceding suspender belts respectively.
Described cylinder is an integral structure, perhaps is split-type structural, is made up of two cylinder splits, suspender belt cannelure and back strap cannelure before being provided with in each cylinder split.
Be milled with the plane on the preceding suspender belt cannelure of described cylinder and the outer round surface of back strap cannelure, suspender belt and back strap are fixed on this plane by bolt and pressing plate respectively before described, and the outer round surface of described pressing plate outer round surface and described preceding suspender belt cannelure and back strap cannelure is complementary.
Described reducer is the planet cycloid reducer, between described reducer and the described motor shaft coupling is installed, and this shaft coupling is that monolithic is braked wheeled shaft coupling, and hydraulic brake mechanism is housed.
Described pylon is a monolithic construction, or is split modular structure, is formed by connecting by at least two pylon splits.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
1, the utility model adopts cylinder to twine suspender belt and realizes the cylinder reducing, and when suspension point rose, twining on the weighting distribution wheel had expired suspender belt, and the lifting wheel suspender belt is all emitted; Cause the wheel footpath of this moment not waited, back counterweight is big to the arm of force of bottom main shaft effect, and the arm of force of front end is less.Then the moment that this moment, the back counterweight produced is maximum, has reduced the moment of torsion that reducer will be exported, and has reduced the required electric weight of motor.Front end arm of force maximum during to top dead-centre, rear end arm of force minimum; Repeated the operating mode of top dead-centre conversely.To bottom dead centre is front end arm of force minimum, rear end arm of force maximum.It has all reduced the required electric current of motor last bottom dead centre, so it is energy-conservation.In addition, balance weight is divided into size block, can increase and decrease, and can reach accurate adjustment; And balance weight can be built junk, and cost is low and increase and decrease is convenient.
2, behind the utility model weight guide lubricated can auto-supply lubricated in guide rail, be full of lubricating grease in its lubricated box, when the mutual despatch sassafras of lubricated box and guide upright post generation relative motion, produce heat, lubricating grease melted by heat in the lubricated box, lubricating grease flows on the guide upright post face by open-work, is lubricated.After lubricated, frictional force reduces, shortage of heat, and grease no longer melts, and also no longer smears lubricating grease to the guiding column, has so just reached self-lubricated result.
3, the utility model well head is stepped down conveniently, adopts the forearm upper-turn-type to step down; After unloading polished rod eye, continue to make polished rod eye side suspender belt up, embrace cantilevered wheels and rise, semi girder is risen, thereby reach the purpose of stepping down.
4, pylon of the present utility model is formed for the more piece pylon, and each joint is by Bolt Connection, and the split transportation just reduces the pressure of transportation aspect, and in addition, split type pylon can also be according to the requirement increase and decrease joint number of operating mode, to change the oily machine pylon height of oil pumping.
5, the utility model can adopt automation control system, and this control system is provided with wireless remote sensing system, the energy Long-distance Control, and the hand-held programmer is for remote wireless control oil pumper duty provides convenience.It can also be presented at the acceleration of the electric current in the running, voltage, each point on the display screen, monitors oil pumper each side parameter constantly.Can also be provided with overcurrent protection this moment; Autostop when oil pumper transships is controlled conveniently, and is safe.
6, the utility model compactness rational in infrastructure, laborsaving consumption reduction, under same operating mode than conventional pumping unit weight saving 40-70%; Reduce 40-70% than the conventional pumping unit power consumption.In addition, adopt movable pulley mechanism, joint power half.Merit is not laborsavingly economized by movable pulley mechanism, but the electric current when having reduced to start has reduced the in-fighting of motor, and main a bit is the lifting force that it has improved oil pumper.
7, the utility model adopts the PLC programmable logic controller, accurately the oil pumping of control oil pumper is dynamic, and it is reasonable in design, noise is low, easy making, versatility is good, applicability is strong, is applicable to the oil pumping work under any working environment in land, be easy to promote, society and economic benefit are good.
Four. description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of multiple-power reducing tower shelf type oil pumping machine;
Fig. 2 is the right view of multiple-power reducing tower shelf type oil pumping machine shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of power assembly shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is the sectional drawing of cylinder shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 is preceding suspender belt winding schematic diagram when up;
Fig. 6 is back strap winding schematic diagram when up;
Fig. 7 is preceding suspender belt winding schematic diagram when descending;
Fig. 8 is back strap winding schematic diagram when descending;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of polished rod eye assembly shown in Figure 1;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of back shown in Figure 1 guide wheel;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of front jocket wheel shown in Figure 1;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of semi girder shown in Figure 1;
Figure 13 is the vertical view of semi girder shown in Figure 12;
Figure 14 is the structural representation of rear wheel shown in Figure 1 and back counterweight assembly;
Figure 15 is the vertical view of rear wheel shown in Figure 14 and back counterweight assembly;
Figure 16 is the structural representation of lubricated box shown in Figure 14;
Figure 17 is the right view of lubricated box shown in Figure 16;
Figure 18 is the vertical view of lubricated box shown in Figure 16.
Five. the specific embodiment:
Embodiment one: referring to Fig. 1-Figure 18, and among the figure, 1-base assembly, 2-power assembly, the 3-pylon, 4-counterweight assembly, 5-movable pulley mechanism, guide wheel assembly behind the 6-, 7-front jocket wheel assembly, 8-semi girder, suspender belt before the 9-, 10-polished rod eye assembly, 11-back strap, the 12-rail assembly, 15-switched reluctance machines, 16-shaft coupling, 17-hydraulic brake mechanism, 18-planet cycloid reducer, 19-shaft coupling, the 20-bearing support, 21-cylinder, 22-bearing support, ballast box under the 23-, the 24-bolt, 25-lubricates box, the 26-guide upright post, the last ballast box of 21-, 28-pin, the 29-pull bar, 30-bearing box, 31-axle, the 32-pulley housings, 33-bolt, 34-bearing, the 35-spacer, 36-oil nozzle, 37-sealing ring, the 38-cowl, 39-body, 40-bearing, 41-presses watt, 42-pulley, 43-bolt, 44-bearing, 45-are pressed watt, the 46-pulley, 47-bolt, 48-pulley, 49-are pressed watt, the 50-semi girder, 51-hanger, 52-bearing, the 53-pin, 57-pulley, 58-ear stud, the 59-beam, 60-hanger, 61-pressing plate, the 62-bolt, 64-pressing plate, 65-hexagon socket head cap screw.
Multiple-power reducing tower shelf type oil pumping machine contains pylon 3, base assembly 1 and power assembly 2, and power assembly 2 is made up of switched reluctance machines 15, shaft coupling 16, hydraulic brake 17, planet cycloid reducer 18, shaft coupling 19, bearing support 20, cylinder 21, bearing support 22.Wherein, switched reluctance machines 15 joins by shaft coupling 16 and planet cycloid reducer 18, and shaft coupling 16 is braked wheeled shaft coupling for monolithic, and hydraulic brake 17 is housed.Planet cycloid reducer 18 is connected with cylinder 21 main shafts by shaft coupling 19, and shaft coupling 19 is the resilient key gear coupling.Cylinder 21 is supported and is fixed on the base assembly 1 by bearing support 20, bearing support 22.Motor is connected (not drawing among the figure) with controller, controller adopts the PLC programmable logic controller, and the oil pumping of accurately controlling oil pumper is dynamic, and this controller also is provided with wireless remote sensing system, can realize Long-distance Control, the hand-held programmer gets final product the duty of remote wireless control oil pumper; Suspender belt cannelure and back strap cannelure before being respectively arranged with on reel 21 outer round surface, preceding suspender belt 9 one ends are fixed in the preceding suspender belt cannelure, its other end passes from pylon 3, walk around the front jocket wheel assembly 7 that install on pylon 3 tops respectively, again by the pulley on the semi girder 8 that is fixed on pylon 3 tops, walk around the pulley on the polished rod eye assembly 10 again, be connected with semi girder 8 at last; Back strap 11 1 ends are fixed in the back strap cannelure, and its other end passes from pylon 3, walk around the back guide wheel assembly 6 that install on pylon 3 tops, by movable pulley mechanism 5, are connected with the upper end of pylon 3 at last again; Movable pulley mechanism 5 lower ends are connected with counterweight assembly 4, and the rail assembly 12 that is provided with on counterweight assembly 4 and the pylon 3 is slidingly matched.
Counterweight assembly 4 is a fabricated structure, is formed by connecting (being three of upper, middle and lowers among the figure) by a plurality of ballast boxes, can increase and decrease; And, counterweight assembly 4 is provided with lubricated box 25, and lubricated box 25 is clamped on the guide upright post 26 of rail assembly 12, can slide up and down along guide upright post 26, be provided with lubricating grease in the lubricated box 25, on the contact surface of lubricated box 25 and guide upright post 26 the lubricating grease open-work be set.
Semi girder 8 rear ends are hinged with pylon 3 upper ends by bearing 52 and pin 53.Be respectively arranged with two preceding suspender belt cannelures and two back strap cannelures on reel 21 outer round surface, the suspender belt cannelure is all fixedlyed connected with an end of a preceding suspender belt 9 before each, and each back strap cannelure is all fixedlyed connected with an end of a back strap 11; The pulley of back guide wheel assembly 6 and movable pulley mechanism 5 is the two-wheel groove, be complementary with two back straps 11 respectively, polished rod eye assembly 10 contains two pulleys, semi girder 8 is two, pulley on the semi girder 8 on front jocket wheel assembly 7, pylon 3 tops and the pulley on the polished rod eye assembly 10 are the single-wheel groove, are complementary with two preceding suspender belts 9 respectively.
Cylinder 21 is a split-type structural, is made up of two cylinder splits, suspender belt cannelure and back strap cannelure before being provided with in each cylinder split.Cylinder 21 also can be an integral structure, is respectively arranged with two preceding suspender belt cannelures and two back strap cannelures on its circumferential surface.
Two preceding suspender belts 9 are left-handed to be wrapped in the preceding suspender belt cannelure in two outsides, and two back strap 11 dextrorotation are wrapped in the preceding suspender belt cannelure of two inboards, and preceding suspender belt 9 and back strap 11 oppositely are wrapped on the cylinder 21; Be milled with the plane on the preceding suspender belt cannelure of cylinder 21 and the outer round surface of back strap cannelure, preceding suspender belt 9 and back strap 11 are fixed on this plane by hexagon socket head cap screw 65 and pressing plate 64 respectively, and the outer round surface of pressing plate 64 outer round surface and preceding suspender belt cannelure and back strap cannelure is complementary.
Pylon 3 is a split modular structure, is formed by connecting by at least two pylon splits, and be two among the figure, also can be elected to be three, four, five or six or the like as required.
Operating principle:
At first, the required starting torque of the utility model is little.Required starting torque size during startup also is the required consumed power size of decision.The oil pumper motion process starts for the upstroke bottom dead centre, and------the upstroke top dead-centre slows down, and---the down stroke top dead-centre quickens---middle uniform motion---down stroke bottom dead centre and slows down middle uniform motion.We give long acceleration time can for last bottom dead centre.
When upstroke started, the frequency of PLC control circuit changed in time and at the uniform velocity strengthens, and rotating speed of motor is also accelerated with power frequency, and the quilt of this moment is dragged primer and also quickened even.Power frequency is just to reach the required stabilized frequency of oil pumper through after a while, and this section period is also dragged the even accelerating sections of primer.This moment is single from the motor aspect, has eliminated part and has been dragged the required energy consumption of primer momentum conversion.If allow motor locate at the uniform velocity under the state always, also will allow dragged the required power of primer momentum change will be very big:
F-Mg=MV/t
M weight quality
V weight speed
The F weight acts on power on the lifting rope
G acceleration of gravity
When t reaches a constant speed required time must electric current can be very big, the motor in-fighting must increase.Must extend the acceleration time in order to reduce this in-fighting.In a segment distance of before top dead center, must slow down; Otherwise, when upper dead center position, can not stop oil pumper and drag primer and move upward; This moment electric current frequency step-down gradually, motor movement is negative acceleration.The motor institute work of this moment is:
E=Mgh-1/2MV
2
M weight quality
V weight uniform motion is a speed
G acceleration of gravity
If h drags the primer move distance and wants to allow motor acting this moment be zero to have only to motor and cut off the power supply when being zero Zi the speed of reducing speed now.But outage can make the moving situation of oil pumper estimate.During down stroke, counterweight part is heavy behind the oil pumper.Oil pumper is the weight difference of back counterweight and the front end carried.That is to say that motor is in the action that repeats the oil pumper upstroke.Its required electric current reduces, so it is energy-conservation on the one hand for this.
Another causes the little reason of starting torque to be: cylinder 21 twines suspender belts realizes that cylinders 21 are (as the reducing of Fig. 5-Fig. 8).During upstroke, twining on the weighting distribution wheel has expired suspender belt, and the lifting wheel suspender belt is all emitted; Cause the wheel footpath of this moment not waited, back counterweight is big to the arm of force of bottom main shaft effect, and the arm of force of front end is less.Front and back to the moment that main shaft produces are:
M
After=m
AfterG (r+n
AfterD)
M
Before=m
BeforeGr
M
AfterThe moment that back counterweight produces on main shaft
M
BeforeThe moment that back counterweight produces on main shaft
m
AfterBack weight mass
m
BeforeDrag the primer quality
R main shaft radius
n
AfterSuspender belt twines the number of plies
The d suspender belt thickness moment that then this moment, the back counterweight produced at this moment is maximum, has reduced the moment of torsion that reducer will be exported, and has reduced the required electric weight of motor.The arm of force of counterweight is reducing after when polished rod load rises, and the front end arm of force is increasing; Simultaneously, also (crude oil flows out polished rod load gradually in the oil pipe reducing; Moreover in a segment distance that arrives top dead-centre, automatically controlled part requires polished rod load to do retarded motion).Front end arm of force maximum during to top dead-centre, rear end arm of force minimum.Repeated the operating mode of top dead-centre conversely.It has all reduced the required electric current of motor last bottom dead centre, so it is energy-conservation.
During work, cylinder 21 rolls, and drives the oil pumper motion.The commutation of oil pumper is that the conversion by electric current reaches.When the needs oil pumper was stepped down, lifting rope 9 broke away from from polished rod eye assembly 10 before allowing, the crawl oil pumper, and suspender belt 9 is embraced the pulley 48 on the semi girder 8 before making, and is slowly up, makes it to reach the requirement of oil pumper job position.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one are basic identical, and something in common does not repeat, and difference is: pylon is a monolithic construction, without dismounting, simplifies construction sequence, is applicable to low pylon occasion.
Change power assembly concrete structure, change lubricated box concrete structure, change the concrete structure of cylinder, and the concrete structure that changes movable pulley mechanism can form a plurality of embodiment, is common variation of the present utility model, do not describe in detail one by one at this.