CN201517857U - Wall-mounted solar water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a wall-mounted solar water heater which comprises a heat collecting plate provided with a heat collecting pipe, a water storage tank positioned above the heat collecting plate and a heat exchanger positioned in the water storage tank, wherein the heat exchanger is communicated with the heat collecting pipe of the heat collecting plate to form a circulating loop, and heat exchange medium is stored in the circulating loop; the heat exchanger can adopt a spiral pipe, a multi-stage bending ring pipe, a rectangular pipe or U-shaped pipe; and the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchanger are respectively connected with the both ends of the loop of a heat absorbing pipe of the heat collecting plate to form the circulating loop. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure; high heat exchange efficiency due to cyclical motion of the heat exchange medium based on the thermal power principle, freeze protection, safety and convenience in installation and use, and small occupied area.

Description

Wall Mounted Solar Water Heater

technical field

The utility model relates to a solar water heater, in particular to a wall-mounted solar water heater in which a heat collecting plate and a water tank are separated.

Background technique

Solar water heaters are favored by the public for their advantages of safety, energy saving, and no pollution. At present, most of solar water heaters are combined with water tanks and glass heat collecting tubes, and are installed on the top of buildings or other flat places, because of their large footprint. The scope of use of consumers is greatly limited; it is not only inconvenient to install solar water heaters for users on low floors in high floors, but also because the water pipes are too long, each time the cold water in the pipes needs to be emptied to waste water resources; and it uses vacuum glass As a heat collector, the tube is fragile and easy to burst, and has poor antifreeze performance; with the advancement of science and technology, separate water heaters have also appeared on the market, that is, the heat collector plate is separated from the water storage tank and can be installed on the balcony or the outer wall of the building ; Such as Chinese patent 02206240.8 antifreeze type new solar water heater, the heat collecting plate made of its vacuum glass tube collects heat energy to the water collecting tank, and then transfers the heat energy to the heat carrier circulation device through the heat collecting water tank, and the heat energy is transferred to the heat carrier circulation device through the heat carrier circulation device Transfer to the heat exchanger in the hot water storage tank, and a pump for circulating the heat carrier is installed in its heat carrier circulation device; this kind of water heater can be installed on the balcony or the outer wall of the building, but it also has the following defects: First, because the heat collecting tube adopts a vacuum glass tube, it is fragile and easy to burst; second, it gathers light energy into the hot water tank through the heat collecting plate, and then transfers the heat energy to the heat carrier circulation device through the hot water tank, Then it is transferred to the water to be heated through the heat exchanger. After three times of heat energy transfer, the heat energy exchange efficiency is low, and the water temperature is heated slowly; third, the heat carrier circulation device is additionally equipped with a pump, which requires external power to achieve heat exchange. Purpose of media circulation.

Chinese patent 02206009.x discloses a separate water heater using methanol, ethanol, acetone or any combination as the heat exchange medium. The requirement is to change the heat exchange medium from liquid to gas and then use it as a heat carrier for heat transfer; its The defects that exist are: 1. The boiling point of acetone is the lowest, which is 60 degrees Celsius. When the ambient temperature is low and the weather is dark, it is difficult to have enough heat energy to heat the heat exchange medium to its boiling point and turn it into a gas; 2. When the heat exchange When the medium changes completely from liquid to gas in a closed space, according to the principle of gas-liquid saturation, only when the amount of liquid allowed to be placed in the closed space is very small can it be completely changed into gas. Due to the small amount of heat exchange medium, it can The heat energy carried is also very limited. Therefore, this type of water heater has a low heat exchange rate effect, and the heating time is very long, and the effect is not very good.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a wall-mounted solar water heater which does not need a heat exchange medium circulation pump, has high heat exchange efficiency and fast water temperature heating speed.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is a wall-mounted solar water heater, which includes a heat collecting plate installed with a heat absorbing pipe, a water storage tank located above the heat collecting plate, a heat exchanger located on the In the water storage tank, the heat exchanger communicates with the heat-absorbing pipe on the heat collecting plate to form a circulation loop, and a heat exchange medium is stored in the circulation loop; it is characterized in that the heat exchanger is a spiral tube , multi-stage bent annular tube, rectangular tube or U-shaped tube; the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the two ends of the loop of the heat absorbing tube of the heat collecting plate to form the circulation loop.

The heat-absorbing tube on the heat-collecting plate is a metal tube covered with a large-area heat-absorbing metal plate.

The metal plate is a copper plate, and the side of the copper plate facing sunlight is plated with black chrome or other black paint.

The metal plate is an aluminum copper plate, and the side of the aluminum copper plate facing sunlight is oxidized to black.

The uppermost end of the heat collecting plate is covered with solar photoelectric toughened glass with high light transmittance.

A separation accelerator capable of separating gas and liquid and replenishing liquid is installed at the pipeline inlet of the heat exchanger located in the water storage tank.

The wall-mounted solar water heater, because the heat collector plate is directly connected with the heat exchanger to form a circulation loop, the heat exchanger directly transfers heat energy to the water in the water storage tank, which reduces the number of heat energy transfers and improves the utilization rate of heat energy;

Since the heat exchange medium is a specially prepared heat exchange medium, it can be proportioned according to a certain concentration according to the demand of the ambient air temperature in the sales area to achieve heat transfer and antifreeze effects; the heat exchange medium moves in liquid form, using the principle of thermodynamics, As the heat collecting plate collects heat energy, the heat exchange medium absorbs heat energy and then accelerates the flow. As the temperature continues to rise, the heat exchange medium continues to move upwards into the heat exchanger, where the heat exchange medium transfers the heat energy it carries to the heat exchanger. After the water in the water storage tank completes the heat exchange, the heat exchange medium with reduced temperature continues to move driven by the movement of the high temperature heat exchange medium in the circulation loop and returns to the heat collecting plate to absorb heat energy for the next heat cycle. Since the circulation of the heat exchange medium is an uninterrupted circulation process, it can directly transfer the absorbed heat energy to the water. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency is high and the heat energy utilization rate is high. The heat exchange efficiency of the wall-mounted solar water heater is 3 to 5 times higher than that of Smith's separated water heater using vacuum glass tubes, and the heat exchange efficiency is 7 to 8 times higher;

The heat exchanger adopts tube types such as spiral tube, U-shaped tube, and multi-stage bent annular tube, which increases the heat collection effect at the bend, so that the heat energy carried by the heat exchange medium can be kept in the bend to the maximum extent, so that the heat The temperature of the exchange medium drops to the minimum when it flows out of the heat exchanger. In this way, the heat energy carried by the heat exchange medium is transferred to the water in the storage tank to the greatest extent. The more bends of the heat exchanger, the higher the efficiency of the exchanger. High, improved heat exchange efficiency;

The heat-absorbing tube on the heat-collecting plate adopts a metal tube with good heat conduction effect, and the top of the metal tube is covered with a copper plate plated with black chrome on its smooth surface or an aluminum-copper-plated composite metal plate oxidized to black on the surface, to a large extent The heat absorption area is increased, and at the same time, the black is more heat-absorbing to increase the heat absorption, and the metal tube will not burst, which is relatively safe; the surface of the heat collecting plate is covered with high light transmittance solar photoelectric tempered glass, which protects the heat collecting The plate is not affected by the environment, and it can also achieve the maximum protection of the heat loss of the heat collecting plate, and can prevent the damage caused by dust, rain and other atmospheric environments to the heat collecting plate, and improve the life of the heat collecting plate;

At the inlet of the pipeline where the heat exchanger is located in the water storage tank, a separation accelerator is added. The separation accelerator can separate a small amount of gas existing in the heat exchange medium from the liquid, so as not to affect the movement of the heat exchange medium. The separation accelerator can also improve the circulation The heat exchange medium in the circuit is replenished to accelerate the movement of the heat exchange medium.

The water storage tank can be made into a horizontal type or a vertical type. The water heater has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture and install, and occupies a small area. Its water storage tank can be placed in the balcony, so that it can be used freely in winter when the temperature is low and cold, so that the impact on the environment is minimized.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 structural schematic diagram of the utility model

Detailed ways

Now give a preferred embodiment and describe the utility model in detail in conjunction with the drawings. With reference to Fig. 1, the utility model includes a heat collecting plate 1, a water storage tank 2, a heat exchanger 3, and a heat exchange medium, wherein:

The heat collecting plate 1 comprises a bracket, and an insulation layer is arranged around the bracket, and the heat-absorbing pipe 11 is placed and installed within the range of the insulation layer on the bracket, and the heat-absorbing pipe 11 forms a loop through multiple bends, so that Increase the heat-absorbing area, the upper end opening 111 and the lower end opening 112 of the heat-absorbing pipe 11 are all located on the side of the insulation layer 12 on the support, the heat-absorbing pipe 11 adopts a copper pipe, and it can also adopt an aluminum-copper-plated composite metal pipe; The top of the heat pipe 11 is covered with a relatively thin copper plate (not shown), and the copper plate is plated with black chrome on the light-facing surface; other black coating materials that are easy to absorb heat can also be plated on the light-facing surface of the copper plate. Of course, the copper plate can also be made of aluminum-coated copper composite metal plate with a black surface oxidized, and the metal heat-absorbing tube is directly covered with a metal heat-absorbing plate, which can increase the heat-absorbing area, and the black color is conducive to better absorbing solar energy and improving Heat collection effect: on the top of the heat collection plate 1, that is, a layer of solar photoelectric toughened glass with high light transmittance is covered on the top of the heat-absorbing metal plate. The heat-absorbing metal plate on the top is sealed and wrapped inside to form a closed space, which protects the heat-collecting plate from the influence of the external environment. It can play the role of explosion-proof, dust-proof, rain-proof, heat-proof and heat-proof, and can make sunlight well transmitted into the collector. In the heat plate, the solar energy is well absorbed by the heat collecting plate;

Water storage tank 2, present embodiment is horizontal, and it also can be vertical, is coated with insulation layer 21 between its liner and shell, prevents heat energy from dissipating; Tap water inlet pipe 22 and hot water are installed on water storage tank 2 Outlet pipe 23;

The heat exchanger 3, which is located in the water storage tank 2, is a spiral tube with an inlet end 31 and an outlet end 32; its material is copper, or stainless steel and other metal materials with good thermal conductivity; its shape can also be annular, U-shaped, rectangular; the heat exchanger 3 communicates with the heat-absorbing pipe 11 of the heat-collecting plate 1 through a pipe with an insulating layer, wherein: the inlet end 31 of the heat exchanger 3 passes through the side wall of the water storage tank 2 and the heat-absorbing pipe The upper opening 111 of the heat exchanger 3 communicates with the upper end opening 111, and its output end 32 passes through the side wall of the water storage tank 2 and communicates with the lower end opening 112 of the heat absorption pipe 11, at the side wall of the water storage tank 2 where the inlet end and output end of the heat exchanger 3 pass through A sealing device is provided; so far, a connected circulation loop is formed between the heat exchanger 3 and the heat collecting tube 11;

The heat exchange medium is located in the circulation loop formed between the heat exchanger 3 and the heat absorption pipe 11, and it is in a liquid form; the heat exchange medium is composed of triethanolamine, glycerol, sodium lauryl sulfate, and pure water The mixed solution formed; the ratio of the mixed solution, by weight percentage, is: 5-15% triethanolamine, 5-25% glycerol, 0.15-0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate, and the rest is pure water; when the regional environment In places where the temperature is relatively low, the concentration of triethanolamine, glycerol and sodium lauryl sulfate should be higher, so that it can prevent freezing in winter, and the melting point will not increase due to too low concentration; in the area, the ambient temperature is relatively high In some places, the concentration of the mixture of triethanolamine, glycerol and sodium lauryl sulfate should be lower, so that it can prevent freezing in winter when the temperature is not very low, and the thermodynamic capacity will not be reduced due to too high concentration; However, as long as the random proportioning is carried out within the weight percentage range, it can prevent freezing and the heat exchange medium moves upward after being heated under the action of thermodynamic principle; this heat exchange medium absorbs heat energy through the heat collecting plate, making it The movement accelerates and moves upwards. Under the force of the heat exchange medium that is continuously heated in the heat collecting plate, the heat exchange medium in the circulation loop moves upwards and enters the heat exchanger. In the heat exchanger, the heat exchange medium transfers it to The heat energy carried is transferred to the water in the water storage tank. With the flow and heat energy exchange in the heat exchanger, its temperature becomes lower and lower, and then it re-enters the heat collecting plate to absorb heat energy and enters the next heat exchange cycle again; through thermal power Principle, the circulation loop does not need an additional pump to give external force, it can circulate and move by itself under the principle of its own thermodynamics to achieve heat exchange;

At the pipeline inlet where the heat exchanger is located in the water storage tank, a separation accelerator 4 can also be added, which has a space for storing liquid, a space for the gas in the liquid to escape and a passage for the liquid to pass through; A small amount of gas in the exchange medium is separated from the liquid, so as not to affect the movement of the heat exchange medium. The separation accelerator can also supplement the heat exchange medium in the circulation loop to accelerate the movement of the heat exchange medium.

Because the water storage tank of the wall-mounted solar water heater is separated from the heat collecting plate, the water storage tank can be installed in indoor locations such as balconies, toilets, etc., and the heat collecting plate can be installed on the window sill or the outer wall of the building. The installation is simple and convenient, and occupies an area The area is small.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of wall-mounted solar water heater, it comprises the heat collecting plate that absorbing pipe is installed, is positioned at the water storage tank above described heat collecting plate, and a heat exchanger is positioned at in described water storage tank, and described heat exchanger and all The heat-absorbing tubes on the heat collecting plate are connected to form a circulation loop, and a heat exchange medium is stored in the circulation loop; it is characterized in that the heat exchanger is a spiral tube, a multi-stage bent annular tube, a rectangular tube or U-shaped tube; the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the two ends of the loop of the heat absorbing tube of the heat collecting plate to form the circulation loop. 2. The wall-mounted solar water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-absorbing pipe on the heat collecting plate is a metal pipe, and the metal pipe is covered with a large-area heat-absorbing metal plate. 3. The wall-mounted solar water heater according to claim 2, wherein the metal plate is a copper plate, and the side of the copper plate facing sunlight is plated with black chrome. 4. The wall-mounted solar water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that the metal plate is an aluminum copper plate, and the aluminum copper plate is oxidized to black on the side facing sunlight. 5. The wall-mounted solar water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that the uppermost end of the heat collecting plate is covered with solar photoelectric tempered glass with high light transmittance. 6 . The wall-mounted solar water heater according to claim 1 , characterized in that a separation accelerator capable of separating gas and liquid and supplementing liquid is installed at the pipeline inlet of the heat exchanger located in the water storage tank. 7 .

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