CN201467673U - An automatic sorting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic seedling separating machine. The automatic seedling-separating machine provided by the utility model comprises a seedling-filling box (4), a first-level seedling-separating box (5) and a second-level seedling-separating box (11); ) below the incompletely closed bottom; a vibrating motor (3) is provided outside the bottom of the seedling box (4); an inclined basic duck tongue shrapnel ( 9); the lower end of the basic duck tongue shrapnel (9) is a free end, and there is a gap for the naked seedlings to drop between the inner cavity side wall of the first-level seedling separation box (5); the first-level seedling separation box (5) ) is provided with a seedling-separating sieve plate one (8) that is oppositely inclined to the basic duck tongue shrapnel (9); Two seedling sieve plates (12) inclined in the same direction; the outer side of the bottom of the secondary seedling separation box (11) is connected with a vibrator (15). The positive effects of the automatic seedling separator provided by the utility model are: reduced labor intensity, improved transplanting efficiency, no damage to seedlings, good separation uniformity, simple structure, convenient control, low cost, adaptability and interchangeability powerful.

Description

An automatic sorting machine

technical field

The utility model relates to an automatic seedling separating machine.

Background technique

With the acceleration of my country's agricultural modernization process, the agricultural management model and planting structure have been greatly adjusted. The modern facility agricultural technology represented by industrial seedling raising and mechanized transplanting has been rapidly promoted in flowers, tobacco, cotton, rapeseed and other crops. Transplanted seedlings can be divided into carrier seedlings and bare seedlings. Most of the transplanting machines at home and abroad are developed with carrier seedlings as the research object, and automatic transplanting has been realized. With the breakthrough of soilless substrate seedling transplanting technology, a large number of bare root seedlings can be obtained, and the transplanting survival rate is equivalent to that of carrier seedlings, which greatly reduces the cost of seedling cultivation and manpower. However, the technical development of bare seedling transplanting machines is still Stuck at the semi-automatic level. Because bare seedlings (that is: bare roots, no substrate) root systems are often entangled with each other, so seedlings need to be separated and planted separately when transplanting without a carrier. If they cannot be separated automatically without the aid of utensils, the seedling separation process still adopts manual completion. Therefore, when these semi-automatic transplanters work, trained seedling planters sit on the transplanter and separate the bare seedlings in bundles, bundles, and rows into individual plants and put them on conveyor belts and chains by hand. Clips, seedling guide tubes, or even directly insert the seedlings into the ditch by hand. Obviously, how to realize the automatic seedling separation of bare seedlings has become the main technical bottleneck restricting the development of bare seedling transplanting equipment to full automation at home and abroad.

At the same time, due to the time-sensitive requirements for crop transplanting, to strive for the season and shorten the transplanting time, we can only increase the manpower for transplanting to make up for the practical problems of slow seedling separation and low transplanting efficiency, which will inevitably increase the cost of transplanting and reduce the cost of transplanting. Success rate. Therefore there is an urgent need to develop an automatic seedling-separating device, and the dry land semi-automatic transplanting machine is converted into a full-automatic transplanting machine, to improve the efficiency of transplanting.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to aim at the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, utilize the working principle of different vibrating frequency multi-stage multi-layer seedling separation, provide a kind of automatic seedling separating machine.

The automatic seedling separating machine provided by the utility model comprises a seedling holding box 4, a primary seedling separating box 5 and a secondary seedling separating box 11; the bottom of the seedling holding box 4 is not completely closed, and is inclined, so The first-level seedling separation box 5 is located below the incompletely closed bottom of the seedling storage box 4, the higher end of the bottom of the seedling storage box 4 is connected to the side wall of the seedling storage box 4, and the lower end is connected to the first-level seedling separation box. The top of the box wall of the box 5 is connected; the outside of the box bottom of the seedling holding box 4 is provided with a vibrating motor 3; the inner cavity side wall of the first-stage seedling box 5 is provided with an inclined basic duck tongue shrapnel 9; The higher end of the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 is a fixed end, which is positioned directly below the lower end of the bottom of the seedling box 4 and is connected to it; There is a gap for the bare seedlings to fall between the side walls of the inner cavity of the 5; the bottom of the inner cavity of the first-stage seedling separation box 5 is provided with a seedling separation sieve plate-8 that is oppositely inclined to the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9; The higher end of the sieve plate for separating seedlings-8 is located directly below the free end of the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and is connected thereto; The case wall of the seedling case 5 is provided with a seedling outlet; the side wall of the secondary seedling separation case 11 is provided with a seedling inlet that communicates with the primary seedling separation case 5 seedling exits; the secondary seedling separation case 11 The inner cavity is provided with a seedling separating sieve plate 2 12 inclined in the same direction as the seedling separating sieve plate 1 8; the higher end of the seedling separating sieve plate 2 12 is located directly below the seedling inlet of the secondary seedling separating box 11 and is connected thereto; The outer side of the box bottom of the secondary seedling sorting box 11 is connected with an exciter 15 .

The higher end of the box bottom of the seedling holding box is fixed on the support frame 1 through the vibration isolation spring 2 that plays the role of shock absorption; On the supporting frame 1; the bottom of the two-stage seedling sorting box 11 is fixed on the support plate 14 by a vibration-isolation rubber spring 13 which plays a shock-absorbing effect.

On the side wall of the inner chamber of the first-stage seedling sorting box 5, at least one additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 is provided below the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9; the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and its adjacent additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 They are reversely inclined, and the adjacent additional duck tongue elastic pieces 17 are reversely inclined, and the seedling separating screen plate one 8 and the adjacent additional duck tongue elastic pieces 17 are reversely inclined.

The basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and the additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 are all fixed on the compression spring 7 of the spring support 10 with the nut 6, and the spring support 10 is arranged on the inner chamber side wall of the first-stage seedling sorting box 5. .

字形。The basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and the additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 are

glyph.

Convex hulls are evenly arranged on the first 8 and the second 12 sieve plate for separating seedlings.

The angle of inclination at the bottom of the box for containing seedlings 4 is 15-20 degrees; the angle of inclination of the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and the additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 is 15-20 degrees; 15-20 degree; the inclination angle of the second 12 of the seedling separating sieve plate is 15-20 degree.

The section in the vertical direction of the secondary seedling sorting box 11 is an inverted isosceles trapezoid.

Described vibrator 15 is connected with the box bottom outside of secondary seedling sorting box 11 by adjustable vibrator support 16.

The vibration frequency of the vibration motor 3 is 400-1000 Hz; the vibration frequency of the vibrator 15 is 1500-3000 Hz.

The advantages and positive effects of the automatic seedling separator provided by the utility model are:

1. It is of great practical significance to replace the artificial seedling separation of the general semi-automatic transplanter to reduce labor intensity and improve transplanting efficiency.

2. Using the multi-level vibration characteristics of the material to separate the seedlings, it has the advantages of no damage to the seedlings, good separation uniformity, and reliable performance.

3. The structure of the whole mechanism is simple, the control and adjustment are convenient, the cost is low, and the matching semi-automatic dryland transplanter has broad application prospects.

4. It has strong adaptability and interchangeability, and can be used for transplanting and separating seedlings of various crops such as cotton, rapeseed, and tobacco.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of the automatic seedling separator.

Figure 2 is a top view of the automatic seedling separator.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the duck tongue shrapnel.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the secondary seedling sorting box A-A' in Fig. 2 .

Among them, 1. support frame, 2. vibration isolation spring, 3. vibration motor, 4. seedling holding box, 5. first-level seedling separating box, 6. nut, 7. compression spring, 8. seedling separating sieve plate one, 9, basic duck tongue shrapnel, 10, spring support, 11, secondary seedling separation box, 12, seedling separation sieve plate two, 13, vibration isolation rubber spring, 14, support plate, 15, vibrator, 16, can Adjust the vibrator support, 17, add the duck tongue shrapnel.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing description and implementation example, the utility model is described further:

Example 1:

The automatic seedling sorting machine shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2: comprise containing seedling box 4, one-level seedling sorting box 5 and secondary seedling sorting box 11. Wherein, the bottom of the case of Shengmiao case 4 is incompletely closed, and is inclined shape, and the one-stage seedling-distributing case 5 is positioned at the below of the incomplete sealing place of Shengmiao case 4 bottoms, and the higher end of Shengmiao case 4 case bottoms and Shengmiao The side wall of box 4 links to each other, and lower end links to each other with the top of box wall of one-level seedling-distributing box 5; There is a basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 that is inclined; the higher end of the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 is a fixed end, and is positioned at the bottom of the lower end of the 4 box bottoms of the seedling storage box and is accepted; the lower end of the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 is free end, leave a gap for the bare seedlings to drop between the inner cavity side wall of the first-level seedling separation box 5, which can ensure that the root system remains vertical in the vibration, which is beneficial to the seedling separation; On the wall, an additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 inclined is provided below the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9; both the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and the additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 are fixed on the compression spring 7 of the spring support 10 with a nut 6, and the spring support Seat 10 is arranged on the inner cavity side wall of one-stage seedling sorting box 5, the tightness of nut 6 can adjust the height of compression spring 7, and then can adjust the inclination angle of duck tongue shrapnel, control the sliding speed of naked seedling in the vibration process; As shown in Figure 3, the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and the additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 are both Glyph, the spare part can accommodate the roots and top leaves of the bare seedlings, and the shrapnel is partially in contact with the bar diameter of the bare seedlings, reducing the frictional resistance between the seedlings and the duck tongue shrapnel, which is beneficial to seedling separation; between the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and the additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 The space is reversely inclined, and between the seedling separating sieve plate 18 and the additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 is reversely inclined; The seedling sieve plate-8; the higher end of the seedling-separating sieve plate-8 is located directly below the free end of the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and undertakes; The case wall of fraction seedling box 5 is provided with seedling outlet; The seedling-separating sieve plate two 12 inclined in the same direction as the seedling-separating sieve plate one 8 is provided with; The width of the seedlings is large, so that the bare seedlings can be vertically dropped along the bottom of the trapezoidal groove; the higher end of the seedling separation screen two 12 is located directly below the seedling inlet of the secondary seedling separation box 11 and accepts it; the seedling separation screen one 8 And on the seedling-separating sieve plate two 12, convex hulls are evenly arranged to ensure that the seedlings lie flat and slide in sequence at a uniform speed; the outside of the bottom of the second-stage seedling-separating box 11 is connected with a vibrator 15; the vibrator 15 passes through the adjustable vibrator support 16 is connected with the outside of the case bottom of the secondary seedling separation box 11, to obtain suitable exciting force at the secondary seedling separation box 11 casing surface.

The higher end of the box bottom of the seedling storage box 4 is fixed on the support frame 1 through the vibration isolation spring 2 that plays the role of shock absorption; On the frame 1; the bottom of the two-stage seedling-distributing box 11 is fixed on the support plate 14 by the vibration-isolation rubber spring 13 that plays a shock-absorbing effect. The automatic seedling sorting machine is only a part of the mechanical device in the process of seedling sorting and transplanting. It is integrally connected with the working machines in the front and back processes. If no vibration isolation spring is installed, it will form rigid vibration and impact force. Although it can also operate, it will Affect the transplanting effect, after installing the vibration isolation spring, it can ensure a more stable operation and reduce the noise. The vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolation rubber spring is better than that of the vibration isolation spring, and it takes up less space. The vibration isolation rubber spring is used on the secondary seedling box because it vibrates with high frequency and low amplitude.

The angle of inclination at the bottom of the case of the seedling holding box 4 is 15-20 degrees (adjustable); the angle of inclination of the basic duck tongue shrapnel 9 and the additional duck tongue shrapnel 17 is 15-20 degrees (adjustable); Angle is 15-20 degree; The angle of inclination of seedling separating sieve plate two 12 is 15-20 degree.

The vibration frequency of the vibration motor 3 is 400-1000 Hz; the vibration frequency of the vibrator 15 is 1500-3000 Hz.

The specific operation process of the automatic seedling separator is as follows:

Put the bunches of bare seedlings in the seedling box, the bottom of the box has a certain inclination, the vibration motor works at low frequency and high amplitude, under the action of the vertical component of the exciting force generated, the bare seedlings are in a suspended and free state instantly, and the seedlings are in contact with each other Under the action of the horizontal excitation component force, it gradually spreads out and slides along the first layer of duck tongue shrapnel, falls on the second layer of duck tongue shrapnel through the gap between the top of the shrapnel and the box body, continues to crawl, and gradually separates. The root system and top leaves of the seedlings fall into the gap on both sides of the duck tongue shrapnel, the root system is suspended in the air and kept vertical, and the duck tongue shrapnel is only in contact with the diameter of the naked seedling, so as to avoid excessive friction and adhesion between the root system and the duck tongue shrapnel , which is conducive to the sorting of seedlings. Because the compression spring is installed under the duck tongue shrapnel, under the action of the exciting force, it can also vibrate slightly, which can avoid the clogging of the cotton seedling gap. The adjusting nut can change the inclination angle of the shrapnel to obtain the best seedling separation effect. After the seedlings are separated by two layers of duck tongue shrapnel, the bunches of naked seedlings have been roughly separated, and they fall in an orderly manner on the seedling separation sieve plate of the first-level seedling separation box, so that part of the unseparated bare seedlings can be separated again. The first level vibration separates the seedlings. The vibration source of the second-stage seedling separation box is the continuous high-frequency low-amplitude power output by the high-frequency exciter, so that the spacing and crawling speed of the bare seedlings on the seedling separation sieve in the second-stage seedling separation box are uniform, which can ensure that the bare seedlings Complete separation and normal ordering of . The second-level seedling separation box is connected with the subsequent steps of seedling separation, realizing the full automation of seedling separation.

Claims (10)

1. an automatic young seed separating machine is characterized in that: comprise seedling-containing box (4), a fraction seedling case (5) and two fraction seedling casees (11); Be not exclusively to seal at the bottom of the case of described seedling-containing box (4), and be skewed, a described fraction seedling case (5) is positioned at the not exclusively below of sealing place, seedling-containing box (4) bottom, an end higher at the bottom of described seedling-containing box (4) case links to each other with the sidewall of seedling-containing box (4), and a lower end links to each other with the tank wall top of a fraction seedling case (5); Arranged outside has vibrating motor (3) at the bottom of the case of described seedling-containing box (4); The intracavity sidewall of a described fraction seedling case (5) is provided with a basic duck tongue shell fragment (9) of inclination; A higher end of described basic duck tongue shell fragment (9) is a stiff end, be positioned at low end at the bottom of seedling-containing box (4) case under and accept; Low end of described basic duck tongue shell fragment (9) is a free-end, and leaves the slit of dropping for naked seedling between the intracavity sidewall of a fraction seedling case (5); The intracavity bottom of a described fraction seedling case (5) is provided with the branch seedling sieve plate one (8) with described basic duck tongue shell fragment (9) reversed dip; A higher end of described minute seedling sieve plate one (8) be positioned at basic duck tongue shell fragment (9) free-end under and accept; The tank wall of low end of described minute seedling sieve plate one (8) and a fraction seedling case (5) of fraction seedling case (a 5) junction is provided with seedling outlet; The sidewall of described two fraction seedling casees (11) is provided with and a fraction seedling case (seedling feeder that 5 seedling outlets are connected; The inner chamber of described two fraction seedling casees (11) is provided with and the branch seedling sieve plate two (12) that divides seedling sieve plate one (8) to tilt in the same way; A higher end of described minute seedling sieve plate two (12) be positioned at two fraction seedling case (11) seedling feeders under and accept; The outside is connected with vibrator (15) at the bottom of the case of described two fraction seedling casees (11).

2. automatic young seed separating machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: an end higher at the bottom of the case of described seedling-containing box (4) is fixed on the support frame (1) by the isolation spring (2) that plays cushioning effect; Be fixed on the support frame (1) by the isolation spring (2) that plays cushioning effect at the bottom of the case of a described fraction seedling case (5); Be fixed on the support plate (14) by the vibration isolation rubber spring (13) that plays cushioning effect at the bottom of the case of described two fraction seedling casees (11).

3. automatic young seed separating machine as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: on the intracavity sidewall of a described fraction seedling case (5), the below of basic duck tongue shell fragment (9) is provided with at least one additional duck tongue shell fragment (17) of inclination; Between basis duck tongue shell fragment (9) the additional duck tongue shell fragment (17) adjacent with it is reversed dip, between the adjacent additional duck tongue shell fragment (17) is reversed dip, is reversed dip between described minute seedling sieve plate one (8) and the adjacent additional duck tongue shell fragment (17).

4. automatic young seed separating machine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described basic duck tongue shell fragment (9) and additional duck tongue shell fragment (17) all use nut (6) to be fixed on the compression spring (7) of spring fastening (10), and described spring fastening (10) is arranged on the intracavity sidewall of a fraction seedling case (5).

5. automatic young seed separating machine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described basic duck tongue shell fragment (9) and additional duck tongue shell fragment (17) are

Font.

6. as the arbitrary described automatic young seed separating machine of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described minute seedling sieve plate one (8) and divide on the seedling sieve plate two (12) and evenly be provided with convex closure.

7. automatic young seed separating machine as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: the case slanted floor angle of described seedling-containing box (4) is the 15-20 degree; The angle of inclination of described basic duck tongue shell fragment (9) and additional duck tongue shell fragment (17) is the 15-20 degree; The angle of inclination of described minute seedling sieve plate one (8) is the 15-20 degree; The angle of inclination of described minute seedling sieve plate two (12) is the 15-20 degree.

8. automatic young seed separating machine as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section of described two fraction seedling case (11) vertical direction for standing upside down.

9. automatic young seed separating machine as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described vibrator (15) by the case of adjustable exciter support (16) and two fraction seedling casees (11) at the bottom of outside be connected.

10. automatic young seed separating machine as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: the vibration frequency of described vibrating motor (3) is 400-1000Hz; The vibration frequency of described vibrator (15) is 1500-3000Hz.

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