CN201410570Y - A centering clamping device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a centering clamping device with high centering precision, convenient loading and unloading parts, low cost, easy realization and maintenance, especially to solve the requirement that the blind hole on one end of the part be used for positioning and clamping on the other part. A problem of processing at one end. The utility model is realized through the following technical scheme: the structure of the centering clamping device consists of an elastic expansion head (1), a column rod (2), a long cylindrical pin (3), a nut (4), and a short cylindrical pin (5) And inner cone head (6) composition. The front end of the elastic expansion head (1) is a cylindrical positioning cylinder with a boss end surface, and the rear part is a cylinder. There is a hole inside the elastic expansion head (1), and the column rod (2) passes through the short cylindrical pin (5) It is connected with the inner taper sleeve (6), and fixed in the inner hole of the elastic expansion head (1) through the long cylindrical pin (3) through the nut (4).

Description

A centering clamping device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular relates to a centering clamping device, in particular to a centering clamping device with a blind hole of a part as a positioning reference.

Background technique

There are a lot about centering clamping devices at present. Such as: ① Commonly used in three-jaw and two-jaw chucks on machine tools. Although the outer circle and inner hole of the processed parts can be used to realize centering clamping, the centering accuracy is not high, and it is only suitable for rough positioning. ② Many centering clamping mechanisms are recommended in "Machine Tool Fixture Design Manual" (Liaoning Science and Technology Press): elastic collets, elastic thin-walled chucks, and these two centering clamping devices are based on the outer circle on the part as a positioning reference. ; Liquid plastic thin-walled sleeve fixtures, corrugated sleeve centering fixtures, disc spring leaf centering fixtures, V-shaped elastic disk centering fixtures, etc. can all use the holes on the parts as the positioning reference, and the positioning accuracy is also high. However, the positioning holes are all required to be through holes, and the fixture structure is more complicated, the parts are inconvenient to assemble and disassemble, the performance requirements of the elastic positioning elements are high, and the fixture cost is high. ; ③ In the past, the unit used a small taper mandrel for centering and clamping. Although the centering accuracy is high, the small taper is clamped by friction force, which limits the possibility of further increase of the clamping force, and it is also difficult to remove the parts.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a centering clamping device with high centering precision, convenient loading and unloading of parts, low cost, easy realization and maintenance according to the above problems. Especially in order to solve the problem of processing the other end of the part by positioning and clamping the blind hole at one end of the part.

The invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the structure of the centering clamping device is shown in Fig. 1, which consists of an elastic expansion head, a column rod, a long straight pin, a nut, a short straight pin and an inner cone head. The front end of the elastic expansion head is a cylindrical positioning cylinder with a boss end surface, and the rear part is a cylinder. There is a hole inside the elastic expansion head. The pin passes through the nut and is fixed in the inner hole of the elastic expansion head.

The middle part of the elastic expansion head has a section of external thread, and a waist-shaped groove is opened in the middle part of the external thread along the axial direction, and the rear part is a cylinder. There are holes in the front and back of the pole. The nut is provided with an inner ring groove and a small hole perpendicular to the axis of the nut. The small head of the inner taper sleeve is provided with two holes, one large and one small, whose axis lines are perpendicular to each other. The pole is inserted into the large hole of the inner taper sleeve and fixed with a short straight pin, and then put together into the inner hole of the elastic expansion head, the long straight pin passes through the small hole of the nut and the waist hole, and then passes through the rear part of the pole. hole so that the long pin enters the inner ring groove of the nut. Turn the nut, the nut moves axially relative to the elastic expansion head, and the long cylindrical pin passes through the waist groove of the elastic expansion head and enters the inner ring groove of the nut, so the long cylindrical pin cannot rotate together with the nut, and can only be Under the thrust of the two sides of the inner ring groove of the nut, the connected rod drives the inner cone head to move axially with the nut relative to the elastic expansion head.

The parts to be processed are installed on the positioning cylinder at the right end of the elastic expansion head through the positioning hole, and the axial positioning is realized by the end face, and the nut is rotated to make it move to the left relative to the elastic expansion head, so as to push the long cylinder through the right side of the inner ring groove of the nut The pin also drives the column rod and the inner cone of the short cylindrical pin to move to the left, so that the diameter of the elastic expansion head positioning cylinder expands under force to realize centering clamping. Reversely rotate the nut, the left side of the inner ring groove pushes the long cylindrical pin, so that the inner cone head moves in the reverse axial direction, the elastic expansion head positioning cylinder recovers under the action of the elastic force, and the parts are loosened to realize the convenient disassembly of the parts.

Below in conjunction with Figures 2, 3 and 4, the elastic expansion head, the main component of the device described in the utility model, is introduced in detail: the front end is a cylindrical positioning cylinder with a boss end face, and the elastic expansion head has a hole inside, and the front part of the hole It is a tapered hole, with a larger round hole in the middle and a smaller round hole in the rear. The elastic expansion head has several grooves axially symmetrically from front to back, and the axial depth of the groove is 2 times the axial length of the positioning cylinder. /3～4/5. The middle part of the elastic expansion head is provided with external threads and waist grooves, and the waist grooves are axially arranged in the middle of the external threads. According to the different connection and clamping methods between the clamp body and the elastic expansion head, the rear part of the elastic expansion head is a cylinder with one or more axial grooves or axial facets (or without axial grooves and axial facets). , through the column to achieve connection with various types of clamp body. Other parameters of the positioning cylinder at the front end of the elastic expansion head refer to the conventional elastic chuck parameter design to ensure centering accuracy and clamping force requirements. Through the thread pair in the middle of the elastic expansion head and the axial waist groove, the rotation motion is converted into the radial expansion motion of the head positioning cylinder to solve the problem of applying the centering clamping force. In particular, it solves the problem that it is difficult to apply positioning and clamping force from the end of the part to be processed if the positioning hole is a blind hole in some occasions.

The device does not involve materials and components such as liquid plastics, corrugated sleeves, disc springs, etc., and is easy to implement, easy to maintain, low in cost, and high in cost performance. The self-locking property of the mechanical thread pair ensures the reliability of clamping, and the nut can be made into various structural forms according to the actual application (see Figures 5, 6 and 7). Through the cylinder at the rear of the elastic expansion head, it is equipped with clamp bodies of different structures, and can be used on lathes, milling machines, grinding machines, drilling machines and other equipment, and has good versatility. As shown in Fig. 8 is the application of the centering clamping device equipped with a clamp body as a taper shank on a lathe.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the centering clamping device.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the elastic expansion head part.

Fig. 3 is a view taken along direction B of Fig. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a partial top view of FIG. 2 .

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a polygonal nut part.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A of Fig. 5 .

Accompanying drawing 7 is the component structural diagram of round nut band force applying handle.

Accompanying drawing 8 is the application diagram of centering clamping device.

Marks in the figure: 1. Elastic expansion head 2. Rod 3. Long cylindrical pin 4. Nut 5. Short cylindrical pin 6. Inner cone head 7. Taper shank 8. Screw 9. Centering clamping device 10. Pull rod F. Parts to be processed G. Lathe spindle R. Force handle Φ. Diameter

Detailed ways

It is required to use a hole with a diameter of φ37.5mm and a hole depth of 65mm to process a blind hole with a diameter of φ32±0.012mm and a depth of 20mm at the other end, and the coaxiality between the positioning hole and the hole to be processed is required to be φ0.06mm. Implementation of this centering device will be described.

(1) Selection of equipment: According to the appearance and structural characteristics of the parts to be processed and the geometric characteristics to be processed, the lathe is selected for processing.

(2) The design of the centering device: the main component of the centering device used is the elastic expansion head 1 (see Figures 2, 3 and 4). The front end is a cylindrical positioning cylinder with a boss end surface, and there is a hole inside the positioning cylinder. The front part of the hole is a taper hole, and the design parameters of the taper hole are: taper angle β=24°, the diameter of the large end of the taper hole is 35mm, the taper length is 20mm, the diameter of the middle part is 32.5mm, the length is 30mm, and the diameter of the rear part is 16.5mmH7 , The length is 60mm, the positioning cylinder is axially symmetrically opened with 4 slots with a width of 2mm from the front to the rear, and the axis of the grooves is connected to the small hole perpendicular to the axis of the positioning cylinder. The middle part of the elastic expansion head 1 has external threads and a waist groove , The waist-shaped groove is arranged axially in the middle of the external thread. The diameter of the rear part of the elastic expansion head 1 is 26mmg6, and there is an axial groove with a width of 8.5mm, a depth of 1.5mm, and an axial length of 55mm. The diameter of the positioning surface of the positioning cylinder at the front end of the elastic expansion head 1 is between 37.479 and 37.490 mm, the length of the middle part is 30 mm, the diameter is 36.5 mm, and the rear part is a boss for axial positioning of the parts. Head 1 is made of 65Mn steel. After quenching and tempering, the hardness of the positioning cylinder at the front end is HRC55-60, and the rest of the positioning cylinder is HRC=40-45. In addition, the coaxiality and verticality of the axis of the positioning cylinder must be guaranteed to ensure Guarantee centering accuracy and requirements for clamping force.

(3) The installation of the centering device: adopt the overall structure (see Fig. 8) that is equipped with the clamping body---taper shank 7 on the centering clamping device. The centering clamping device 9 is pressed through the hole, the shaft, and the screw 8, so that it is connected to the taper shank 7, and then the outer cone on the taper shank 7 is matched with the inner taper hole on the lathe spindle G, and the pull rod 10 Left tension to realize the installation and fixation of the centering device 9 on the lathe. The part F to be processed is loaded into the positioning cylinder at the right end of the elastic expansion head 1 of the centering device 9 through the hole, and the axial direction is positioned by the end face of the boss on the elastic expansion head 1, and the nut 4 is turned to make the inner cone of the centering clamping device The head 6 moves to the left, and the positioning cylinder at the front end of the elastic expansion head 1 expands under force to realize centering clamping. Reverse the nut 4 to move the inner cone head 6 of the centering device to the right, and the positioning cylinder at the front end of the elastic expansion head 1 recovers under the action of its own elastic force, and the processed parts are unloaded.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of centering and clamping apparatus, form by the bloated head of elasticity (1), a mast (2), oval pin (3), nut (4), short cylindrical pin (5) and interior conehead (6), it is characterized in that: the bloated head of elasticity (a 1) front end is the cylindrical positioning cylinder that has raised head face, the rear portion is a cylinder, the inside of the bloated head of elasticity (1) has the hole, mast (2) links together by short cylindrical pin (5) and inner conical drogue (6), and passes nut (4) by oval pin (3) and be fixed on elasticity and expand in the endoporus of (1).

2, centering and clamping apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the bloated head of elasticity (1) middle part has external screw thread, has waist type groove vertically at externally threaded middle part.

3, centering and clamping apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: elasticity expand the positioning cylinder of head (1) by forward direction after axially symmetry open several grooves, the axial depth of groove is 2/3～4/5 of a positioning cylinder axial length.

4, centering and clamping apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the front and rear of mast (2) has the hole.

5, centering and clamping apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: have an inner groove and the aperture perpendicular to the nut axis on the nut (4).

6, centering and clamping apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the microcephaly of inner conical drogue (6) has small one and large one two orthogonal holes of axial line.

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