CN201196045Y - Down-hole jet stream decompression device - Google Patents

Down-hole jet stream decompression device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201196045Y
CN201196045Y CNU2008200796798U CN200820079679U CN201196045Y CN 201196045 Y CN201196045 Y CN 201196045Y CN U2008200796798 U CNU2008200796798 U CN U2008200796798U CN 200820079679 U CN200820079679 U CN 200820079679U CN 201196045 Y CN201196045 Y CN 201196045Y
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
hydraulic cylinder
nozzle
housing
drilling fluid
drilling
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CNU2008200796798U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
汪海阁
崔龙连
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Co Ltd
Original Assignee
China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Drilling Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CNU2008200796798U priority Critical patent/CN201196045Y/en
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Publication of CN201196045Y publication Critical patent/CN201196045Y/en
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a step-down device of an underground jet flow, which is applied to the technical field of the drilling engineering of an oil-and-gas field. The device is characterized in that a drilling fluid second channel and a nozzle are arranged on a conical surface of the upper portion of a shell body, the opening of the nozzle is arranged on the middle portion of a fixed sealing ring, and the fixed sealing ring is positioned on the upper portion of the second channel, the fixed sealing ring forms a symmetric horn-shaped flow passage on the position of the nozzle with a slide sealing ring after being matched with the slide sealing ring. The lower portion of the slide sealing ring is connected with a supporting rod, a hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the outer wall of the lower end of the shell body, an annular piston is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and a supporting rod is connected on the upper portion of the piston. A drilling fluid inlet of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the outer wall of the shell body, and the drilling fluid enters the hydraulic cylinder and pushes the piston to move upwards. The utility model has beneficial effects that the pressure of the well bottom can be effectively reduced by 1-3MPa, the problem of leaking slurry during the drilling process of ground layer window drilling wells with narrow slurry-intensity and drilling wells with big displacement can be solved, and a sealing system is automatically controlled by the hydraulic pressure, and the generation of the bigger surge pressure during the lifting and the landing processes can be avoided.

Description

Down-hole jet step-down equipment
Technical field
The utility model relates to the oilfield drilling field of engineering technology, and particularly a kind of drilling well downhole tool is a kind of equipment that reduces bottom pressure under the circulation of drilling fluid state.
Background technology
Down-hole pressure control is the key link in the drilling process.In the conventional drilling process, drilling liquid pressure is to be used for suppressing strata pressure and to keep hole stability.Under the inactive state, bottom pressure P BHOnly with drilling fluid liquid column hydrostatic pressure P HydRelevant; Under the recurrent state, bottom pressure P BHBe drilling fluid fluid pressure and annular pressure lost P AFBoth sums.Yet annular pressure lost P AFThe too high bottom pressure P that makes BHGreater than formation fracture pressure, cause the leakage of drilling fluid.Because the selection of drilling fluid density by the strata pressure decision, therefore must solve the problem that the bottom pressure height is produced under the circulation of drilling fluid state by reducing annular pressure lost (equivalent mud circulation density ECD).The method that tradition is used for reducing equivalent circulating density in the drilling technology has: reach with the low drilling fluid of rheological characteristic and reduce the annular pressure loss; Adopt the reaming hole method to enlarge borehole size; Replace sleeve pipe with drilling liner; Reduction annular space discharge capacity reaches and reduces frictional resistance; Reduce the total amount that drilling speed reduces landwaste in the annular space.Yet adopt above-mentioned measure will reduce drilling efficiency, increase drilling cost.
Foreign literature has been introduced a kind of jet step-down equipment that can be used to reduce bottom pressure at present, this equipment upper/lower terminal directly is connected with drilling rod by screw thread, equipment is that double wall, dual channel structure are cylindrical, and inner flow passage is identical with drilling rod, is the drilling fluid downward flow channel; Passage is an outer flow passage between double-walled, and outer flow passage links to each other with annular space, for Returning fluid and landwaste provide passage.Nozzle is between double-walled.The equipment external diameter equals to be lowered to the internal diameter of sleeve pipe, and after the drilling fluid following drilling rod entered this equipment inner flow passage, the drilling rod that a part of drilling fluid links to each other by equipment continued to flow to the drill bit direction, and cutting carring returns from annular space behind drill bit; Another part drilling fluid upwards sprays outer flow passage by the nozzle of bypass.Because the gap is very little or do not have between equipment external diameter and sleeve pipe, so all return the outer flow passage that thing must pass through and upwards return.The speed of equipment nozzle ejection fluid is returned the speed of thing much larger than outer flow passage, therefore form ejector action at nozzle adapter, because the injection and the percussion of nozzle, apply active force upwards to returning, reduced the pressure in shaft bottom, simultaneously since a part of drilling fluid without drill bit and by nozzle ejection to outer flow passage, the mud flow rate that therefore is circulated to drill bit will reduce, this has also reduced the annular space frictional resistance to a certain extent.Experimental result shows: this jet step-down equipment can effectively reduce the pressure in shaft bottom, avoids formation leakage.The subject matter of this equipment existence has two aspects at present: because the equipment external diameter is approximately equal to casing inner diameter, both cooperate the formation sealing function, make jet step-down equipment and drilling rod cause very big surge pressure in the process of making a trip; Equipment external diameter serious wear can not reach sealing effectiveness, makes Returning fluid directly return the face of land without the equipment lower openings, can not give full play to jet injection and percussion, can not effectively reduce bottom pressure.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is: a kind of down-hole jet step-down equipment is provided, can reduces down-hole pressure when circulation of drilling fluid, solve the problem that narrow mud density window strata drilling produces, reduce the nonproductive timeliness in the drilling well, improve drilling efficiency.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: down-hole jet step-down equipment comprises housing, decides joint ring, sliding ring, support bar, piston, nozzle and hydraulic cylinder.It is characterized in that:
Housing is the pipe shape, housing two ends internal diameter is big, middle internal diameter is little, the two ends internal diameter is between 40~300mm, middle internal diameter is between 40~90mm, electrical path length is between 50~1000mm in middle, and the reducing place is a taper seat between two ends internal diameter and the middle internal diameter, and the gradient of taper seat is between 10~90 ° of scopes.
The drilling fluid subaisle is arranged on the upper cone face, and the subaisle by screw thread or welding and housing is connected with a nozzle respectively.Nozzle is that quarter bend is tubular, and the total length of each nozzle is 10~500mm, and the nozzle latus rectum is 0.5~15mm, and the quantity of nozzle quantity and secondary channels is 2~20.The opening of nozzle is at the middle part of deciding joint ring.
It is circular deciding joint ring, is 50~200mm highly, and the outer wall of deciding the longitudinal section of joint ring is shaped as circular arc.The internal diameter of fixed sealing is identical with the housing external diameter, decides the mode of joint ring by screw thread or welding and is fixed on hull outside, decides the top of the position of joint ring in secondary channels, and the bottom of deciding joint ring is 30~300mm to the distance of secondary channels.Sliding ring is an annular, external diameter and casing inner diameter are measure-alike, sliding ring longitudinal section inner wall shape is a circular arc, and sliding ring longitudinal section inner wall shape is decided the shape correspondence of joint ring, make decide joint ring cooperate with sliding ring the back nozzle location form the symmetry tubaeform runner.The sliding ring bottom is connected with support bar, and the effect of support bar is to be used for supporting sliding ring, and the drive sliding ring is done upper and lower reciprocating motion.
Outer wall is fixed with hydraulic cylinder in the lower end of housing, forms annular space between the outer wall of hydraulic cylinder and shell.Annular piston is arranged in hydraulic cylinder, and piston top connects described support bar.Hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet is arranged on the outer wall of housing, and the high pressure drilling liquid in the housing can enter the hydraulic cylinder annular space by hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet, promotes piston and moves upward.
Described hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet is on the internal conical surface of lower housing portion.The quantity of hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet is 2~8.
The quantity of described support bar is 2~8.
Drill-in fluid enters hydraulic cylinder inside through hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet, and drilling fluid promotes piston and moves upward from the piston bottom.When drilling liquid pressure is very little, piston is positioned at the lower dead point position of hydraulic cylinder, increase along with drilling liquid pressure, drilling fluid is by entering into hydraulic cylinder inside with hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet, and under the promotion of drilling fluid, piston moves upward, and drive coupled support bar and sliding ring, sliding ring with decide joint ring and cooperate and form sealing, and around nozzle, form the runner of symmetrical horn shape, this horn-like runner makes and returns liquid return ground under the effect of jet.
The down-hole jet step-down equipment that the utility model proposes rises, in the going down process, and piston is positioned at the hydraulic cylinder bottom dead centre, sliding ring with decide joint ring not at cooperation position, can not form sealing, effectively reduce the excessive surge pressure that produces because of erection equipment.The drilling fluid surge pressure does not have significant change; In the normal drilling process, drilling fluid enters the cylinder pushes piston and moves upward, piston drives sliding ring by support bar and moves upward and decide joint ring and cooperate, between housing 1 and sleeve pipe 13, form the runner that seals and form the symmetrical horn structure at the nozzle place, the drilling fluid that returns from the shaft bottom and the mixture of landwaste are because the effect of sealing function and injection, can not directly return well head by annular space, and must be by deciding the tapering trumpet-like passage that joint ring and movable sealing piece form, the thrust of ejector action and jet is carried well head with the fluid and the landwaste that return, fluid pressure and this section annular pressure lost of the fluid of jet step-down equipment installation site, down-hole top will be not counted in bottom pressure, so this pressure that has also just reduced.Underground pressure reducing equipment can reduce bottom pressure in normal drilling process, avoiding drawing circulation presses the too high bottom pressure that makes of consumption to surpass strata pressure, cause the leakage of drilling fluid, rising, reducing surge pressure in the going down process, be very suitable for extended reach well, complicated deep-well, ocean deepwater and beach sea drilling well again; The sealing of hydraulic cylinder, piston control can reduce wearing and tearing, raising reliability and the life-span of sealing.This equipment cost is low, installation is convenient, easy and simple to handle, safe and reliable, can be used for the 9-5/8 inch to the sleeve pipe of 13-3/8 inch.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: jet step-down equipment in down-hole of the present invention, can effectively reduce bottom pressure 1-3MPa, can solve the lose returns problem that causes owing to circulation of drilling fluid in narrow mud density window strata drilling and the extended reach well drilling process; Simultaneously the sealing system of this patent is controlled automatically by hydraulic pressure, can avoid, cause excessive surge pressure, the life-span and the reliability of raising potted component in the going down process.
Can solve the problems such as drilling fluid leakage that cause because of the drilling well circulation in narrow mud density window strata drilling and the big position well drilling process.The down-hole jet step-down equipment that proposes among the present invention can realize reducing the pressure in shaft bottom by the ejector action and the percussion of jet.The sealing system of this equipment is by hydraulic cylinder and piston control, can in drilling process, make sealing system be in sealing state by drilling liquid pressure, in the process of making a trip, sealing can be opened automatically, effective like this being reduced in caused excessive surge pressure in the process of making a trip, effectively improve the life-span and the reliability of seal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model down-hole jet step-down device structure generalized section.
Fig. 2 is the utility model down-hole jet step-down equipment work schematic diagram.
Among the figure, the 1st, housing, the 2nd, decide joint ring, the 3rd, sliding ring, the 4th, support bar, the 5th, piston, the 6th, nozzle, the 7th, secondary channels, the 8th, hydraulic cylinder, the 9th, hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet, the 10th, drilling rod, the 11st, wellhead assembly, the 12nd, drilling fluid outlet, the 13rd, sleeve pipe, the 14th, annular space, the 15th, drill bit, the 16th, landwaste.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: be applicable to that with one sleeve pipe 20 internal diameters are that 320.4 millimeters down-hole jet step-down equipment is example, are described in further detail the utility model.
Consult Fig. 1.The down-hole jet step-down equipment that the utility model proposes, down-hole jet step-down equipment comprises housing 1, decides joint ring 2, sliding ring 3, support bar 4, piston 5, nozzle 6 and hydraulic cylinder.
Housing 1 is the pipe shape, and internal diameter was little in the middle of housing 1 two ends internal diameter was big, and the two ends internal diameter is 260mm, and middle internal diameter is 50mm, and middle interior electrical path length is 400mm, and the reducing place is two taper seats between two ends internal diameter and the middle internal diameter, and the gradient of taper seat is 30 °.
Drilling fluid subaisle 7 is arranged on the upper cone face, and the subaisle 7 that subaisle 7 internal diameters are 10mm. by screw thread and housing 1 is connected with a nozzle 6 respectively.Nozzle 6 is that quarter bend is tubular, and the total length of each nozzle 6 is 50mm, and nozzle 6 latus rectums are 10mm, and the end outlet diameter of nozzle 6 is 2.5mm.The quantity of nozzle 6 quantity and secondary channels 7 is 8.The opening of nozzle 6 is at the middle part of deciding joint ring 2.
Deciding joint ring 2 for circular, highly is 130mm, and the outer wall of deciding the longitudinal section of joint ring 2 is shaped as circular arc.The internal diameter of deciding joint ring 2 is identical with housing 1 external diameter, decides the mode of joint ring 2 by welding and is fixed on housing 1 outside, and the position of deciding joint ring 2 is on the top of secondary channels 7, and the bottom of deciding joint ring 2 is 150mm to the distance of secondary channels 7.Sliding ring 3 is an annular, external diameter and the identical 320.4mm of sleeve pipe 13 internal diameter sizes.Sliding ring 3 longitudinal section inner wall shape are circular arc, and the shape correspondence that sliding ring 3 longitudinal section inner wall shape are decided joint ring 2 makes and decides joint ring 2 and cooperate the back to form the tubaeform runner of symmetry in nozzle 6 positions with sliding ring 3.Sliding ring 3 bottoms are connected with support bar 4, and the quantity of support bar (4) is 4.The effect of support bar 4 is to be used for supporting sliding ring 3, and drive sliding ring 3 is done upper and lower reciprocating motion.
Outer wall is fixed with hydraulic cylinder 8 in the lower end of housing 1, forms annular space between the outer wall of hydraulic cylinder 8 and housing 1.The effective length of hydraulic cylinder 8 is 160mm.Annular piston 5 is arranged in hydraulic cylinder 8, and the annular width of piston 5 is 40mm.Piston 5 tops connect described support bar 4.Hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet 9 is arranged on the outer wall of housing 1, and hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet 9 is on the internal conical surface of housing 1 bottom.High pressure drilling liquid in the housing 1 can enter the hydraulic cylinder annular space by hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet 9, promotes piston 5 and moves upward.
The course of work of the utility model down-hole jet step-down equipment: as shown in Figure 2, the screw thread at two ends linked to each other with drilling rod about jet step-down equipment in down-hole passed through, and formed the mobile passage of drilling fluid.In down-hole jet step-down equipment lower going-into-well, down-hole jet step-down apparatus casing 1 is upper and lower to link to each other with drilling rod 1 by screw thread, and drilling rod 1 lower end links to each other with drill bit 15.Circulation of drilling fluid is shown in the arrow among Fig. 2, drilling fluid enters to housing 1 inside by drilling rod 10, part drilling fluid injects directly in the annular space 14 by secondary channels 7 flow nozzles 6, another part drilling fluid continues to flow downward along housing 1 inner sprue, after drilling fluid moves to the bottom of housing 1, some fluid enters in the hydraulic cylinder 8 through hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet 9 again, remaining drilling fluid then all flows downward by drilling rod 10, behind drill bit 15, carry shaft bottom landwaste 16, upwards return through annular space 14, when being back to down-hole jet step-down equipment installation position, owing to decide joint ring 2 and sliding ring 3 sealing functions 1 of sleeve pipe 13 and housing, drilling fluid that returns and the landwaste that carries 16 must be by deciding the runner of joint ring 2 and sliding ring 3 formed symmetrical horn shapes, the speed of the speed that nozzle 6 ejects drilling fluid Returning fluid in the annular space 14, the drilling fluid jet forms ejector action at the runner place of symmetrical horn shape, Returning fluid and landwaste 16 travel up to the face of land under the injection of jet and the impact force action that makes progress, export 12 from wellhead assembly 11 drilling fluids and flow to face of land drilling fluid pot.
Jet step-down apparatus casing 1 in down-hole links to each other with drilling rod 10, is drilled into drilled stratum down.In the going down process, the bottom dead centre sliding ring 3 this moment that circulating fluid not, piston 5 are positioned at hydraulic cylinder 8 with decide joint ring 2 can not be at sleeve pipe 13 and 1 formation of apparatus casing sealing function.Therefore in going down process, effectively reduced the shaft bottom surge pressure.
Drilling rod 10 together with down-hole jet step-down equipment and drill bit 15 behind drilled stratum, drilling fluid begins circulation, treat that drill-in fluid enters housing 1 inside through drilling rod 10, part drilling fluid directly sprays to annular space 14 behind secondary channels 7 and nozzle 6, another part by sprue to lower flow channel, when flowing to housing 1 bottom, minimum part drilling fluid enters in the hydraulic cylinder 8 by the inlet of the hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid on the housing 19, promotion lower piston at drilling liquid pressure moves upward, piston 5 moves to top dead-centre together with its steady arm that connects above 4 and sliding ring 3, at this moment sliding ring 3 and decide joint ring 2 will between sleeve pipe 13 and apparatus casing 1, form the sealing and horn-like runner; Overwhelming majority drilling fluids continue to flow downward, and flow through behind the drill bit 15 by drilling rod 10, and cutting carring 16 returns to the face of land.When being back to the equipment installation position, owing to decide joint ring 2 and the tubaeform runner that sliding ring 3 forms around nozzle 6, form sealing in other space, fluid that all return and landwaste 16 all must be by tubaeform runners.The drilling fluid of ejection makes Returning fluid and landwaste 16 be back to the face of land in the thrust that horn-like runner forms ejector action and makes progress from nozzle 6.Because a part of drilling fluid directly directly sprays to annular space by nozzle 6 without drill bit 15, this has just reduced the following mud flow rate of equipment installation position, has reduced the following annular space frictional resistance in equipment installation site; Owing to the ejector action of jet and the percussion that makes progress, the frictional resistance that this has also effectively overcome the above fluid of equipment installation position under the effect of the two, effectively reduces bottom pressure simultaneously.
In the trip-out process, drilling fluid stops circulation, the pressure of hydraulic cylinder 8 inner drilling fluids reduces, the thrust that piston 5 and the steady arm 4 that links with it thereof and sliding ring 3 are made progress reduces most zero thereupon, sliding ring 3 produces under the downward friction with the inwall of sleeve pipe 13, sliding ring 3 moves downward to the bottom dead centre of piston 5 at hydraulic cylinder 8 together with steady arm 4, piston 5, and the sealing that sleeve pipe 13 and apparatus casing are 1 disappears, and has eliminated the swabbing pressure in the trip-out process.

Claims (3)

1. a down-hole jet step-down equipment comprises housing (1), decides joint ring (2), sliding ring (3), and support bar (4), piston (5), nozzle (6) and hydraulic cylinder is characterized in that:
Housing (1) is the pipe shape, housing (1) two ends internal diameter is big, middle internal diameter is little, the two ends internal diameter is between 40~300mm, middle internal diameter is between 40~90mm, electrical path length is between 50~1000mm in middle, and the reducing place is a taper seat between two ends internal diameter and the middle internal diameter, and the gradient of taper seat is between 10~90 ° of scopes;
Drilling fluid subaisle (7) is arranged on the upper cone face, subaisle (7) by screw thread or welding and housing (1) is connected with a nozzle (6) respectively, nozzle (6) is that quarter bend is tubular, the total length of each nozzle (6) is 10~500mm, nozzle (6) latus rectum is 0.5~15mm, the quantity of nozzle (6) quantity and secondary channels (7) is 2~20, and the opening of nozzle (6) is at the middle part of deciding joint ring (2);
Decide joint ring (2) for circular, highly be 50~200mm, the outer wall of deciding the longitudinal section of joint ring (2) is shaped as circular arc, the internal diameter of deciding joint ring (2) is identical with housing (1) external diameter, decide the mode of joint ring (2) by screw thread or welding and be fixed on housing (1) outside, decide the top of the position of joint ring (2) in secondary channels (7), the bottom of deciding joint ring (2) is 30~300mm to the distance of secondary channels (7), sliding ring (3) is an annular, external diameter is identical with sleeve pipe (13) internal diameter size, sliding ring (3) longitudinal section inner wall shape is a circular arc, the shape correspondence that sliding ring (3) longitudinal section inner wall shape is decided joint ring (2), make and decide joint ring (2) and cooperate the back to form the tubaeform runner of symmetry in nozzle (6) position with sliding ring (3), sliding ring (3) bottom is connected with support bar (4);
Lower end outer wall at housing (1) is fixed with hydraulic cylinder (8), form annular space between the outer wall of hydraulic cylinder (8) and housing (1), annular piston (5) is arranged in hydraulic cylinder (8), piston (5) top connects described support bar (4), hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet (9) is arranged on the outer wall of housing (1), high pressure drilling liquid in the housing (1) can enter hydraulic cylinder (8) annular space by hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet (9), promotes piston (5) and moves upward.
2. jet step-down equipment in down-hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet (9) is on the internal conical surface of housing (1) bottom, and the quantity of hydraulic cylinder drilling fluid inlet (9) is 2~8.
3. jet step-down equipment in down-hole according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the quantity of described support bar (4) is 2~8.
CNU2008200796798U 2008-03-31 2008-03-31 Down-hole jet stream decompression device Expired - Lifetime CN201196045Y (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNU2008200796798U CN201196045Y (en) 2008-03-31 2008-03-31 Down-hole jet stream decompression device

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CN201196045Y true CN201196045Y (en) 2009-02-18

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106121540A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-11-16 中国石油大学(华东) Shaft bottom drilling liquid pressure concussion manipulator
CN107575178A (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-01-12 中国石油大学(北京) A kind of decompression pipe nipple for controlling wellbore annulus pressure
CN109555492A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-04-02 中国石油大学(华东) Shaft bottom annular space drilling fluid dropping equipment and method based on drillstring vibrations

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106121540A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-11-16 中国石油大学(华东) Shaft bottom drilling liquid pressure concussion manipulator
CN107575178A (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-01-12 中国石油大学(北京) A kind of decompression pipe nipple for controlling wellbore annulus pressure
CN107575178B (en) * 2017-10-30 2020-07-31 中国石油大学(北京) Pressure reducing nipple for controlling well bore annular pressure
CN109555492A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-04-02 中国石油大学(华东) Shaft bottom annular space drilling fluid dropping equipment and method based on drillstring vibrations
WO2019238139A1 (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-12-19 中国石油大学(华东) Device and method for reducing annulus drilling fluid pressure at well bottoms
US10815743B2 (en) 2018-11-22 2020-10-27 China University Of Petroleum (East China) Depressuriz od for downhole annulus drilling fluid

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Granted publication date: 20090218